资源简介

(共15张PPT)
VERBS OR NOUNS
To identify noun/verbs of the same root and use them in context.
Is it a verb or a noun
cycle
There are many verbs in English that come from nouns and vice versa.
In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.
the name of an object / a thing
an action / to do things
She placed the letter in front of me.
Leave the bike in place where you finish your journey.
Verbs or Nouns
an action
an object / a thing
a the name of an object / a thing
b an action / to do things
2. …computer tracking system to record its every move!
please move it to a proper parking place.
3. Andrew pedalled up the road towards the town centre.
He stood up on the pedals of his bike to get extra power as he cycled up the hill.
an action
an object / a thing
an action
an object / a thing
a the name of an object / a thing
b an action / to do things
Look at the Word pare the two sentences in each pair. Decide what the word in red expresses.
a the name of an object / a thing
b an action / to do things
Word Builder
Verbs or Nouns
1 The group painted hundreds of bicycles white… ( )
I need a can of red paint. ( )
2 Make sure you put your schoolbag in a proper place. ( )
…placed them in may areas… ( )
b
a
a
b
Word Builder
Verbs or Nouns
3 …this time with a computer tracking system to record their very move! ( )
Try to keep a record of what you have learnt. ( )
4 Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled its way around the world… ( )
Both pedals of my bicycle were broken. ( )
b
a
b
a
a the name of an object / a thing b an action / to do things
place paint move pedal
record
n.
v.
What other similar words do you know
doubt, laugh, walk, answer, stop…
Compete the sentences with the correct form of the words from Activity 8.
1 Jason _____________ down the road to his school.
She put her foot down on the _________.
2 The house will look bright with white _______.
The old man asked, “Who _______ all these on my wall ”
3 You should wash your cup and ______ it on the table.
This is a great _______ for a holiday.
4 I try to keep a ________ of everything I spend.
Her mum made her _______ every penny she spent.
pedals/pedalled
pedal
paint
painted
place
place
record
record
转化法是指将一种词性用作另一种词性而词形不变。转化后的意义往往与之前的意义联系密切。常见的转化形式有三种：动词→名词，名词→动词，形容词→名词。
转化法
1. 由动词转化为名词
表示状态，如：dislike, doubt, smell, taste。
表示行动，如：walk, laugh, fall, attempt, swim。
表示动作的宾语，如：drink 饮料, find发现, answer。
表示动作的工具，如: cure药剂，cover封面，wrap包装材料。
表示动作的地点，如：stop站点。
2. 由名词转化为动词
表示“产生”，如：snow下雪，rain下雨。
表示“变为”，如：group 分组，clone。
表示“放进”，如：box把……装入箱子，bottle把……装入瓶中，floor给……铺地板。
表示“除去”，如：peel削皮，skin剥皮，weed除草。
表示“使用工具”，如：comb梳理，hammer捶打，hand交付。
表示“方式”，如：ship船运，mail邮寄。
Your English friend Tom is asking about the bike-sharing program in Beijing. Please write an e-mail to tell him what you know about it, including:
1 How to use a shared bike;
2 The benefits and problems;
3 Your concern and suggestions
Finish exercise 6 on page 85.(共24张PPT)
1. Amsterdam is a good city for cycling because it’s flat and therefore convenient for bikes. 阿姆斯特丹是个适合骑行的城市，它地势平坦，方便骑行。
e.g. Their car was bigger and therefore more comfortable.
他们的车比较大，所以更舒适些。
therefore & so
therefore 副词。和上句连接时常用and therefore…形式，and前加一逗号；如没有and，则上句尾用分号(;)。
so 连词。前一句尾常用逗号隔开，so不能与because连用。
therefore adv. as a result of something that has just been
mentioned 因此；由此
【语境应用】用therefore，so填空。
1) She was caught cheating in the exam and ________ she was punished by her teacher.
2) She coughed badly, ________ she went to see a doctor.
therefore
so
2. There are also plenty of places for bicycle parking and most streets in the city centre have bicycle path.
也有很多地方可以停放自行车，市中心的大多数街道都有自行车道。
e.g. No Parking! 禁止停车！
parking n. the act of parking a car or other vehicle
(车辆等的) 停放
e.g. I couldn’t find a parking space near the shops.
商店附近我找不到停车位。
parking space / place / spot 停车位
a parking lot 停车场
free parking 免费停车(处)
3. In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.
20世纪60年代，一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。
e.g. Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own.
有几位成员提出了自己的建议。
come up with: to get or think of (something that is needed or wanted) 想出，想到
come短语
come to 做出决定，得出结论；加起来总共
come up 走近，靠近
come about 发生；产生
come across 遇见，(偶然)发现
come on 来吧；赶快
come over 来访，拜访；过来
【语境应用】用合适的come短语的适当形式完成句子。
1) —Alice, are you coming with us
—I’d love to, but something unexpected has __________.
2) One of the teachers __________ and started talking to me.
3) When walking down the street, I ___________ David, whom I hadn’t seen for years.
4) Do you want to ___________ on Friday evening
5) If they don’t __________ a decision by midnight, the talks will be abandoned.
come about
came up
came across
come over
come to
4. Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared thieves stole them all in a matter of weeks!
然而不久就出了问题，“白色自行车”全都消失了，小偷在几周内偷光了所有的车！
e.g. I can’t find my keys anywhere — they’ve completely
disappeared.
我怎么也找不到自己的锁匙——它们彻底不见了。
disappear vi. to become impossible to see any longer 消失，不见
disappearance n. 消失；失踪；绝迹
dis-是否定前缀，表示“不，无，相反”，如 disagree，dislike，dishonest，discomfort等。
e.g. A spaceship disappeared into the sky.
Lisa watched the train until it disappeared from view.
disappear behind/ into 消失在……后/中
disappear from sight/ view 从视线中消失
【语境应用】语法填空。
1) The _____________ (disappear) of the wolves had many unexpected results.
2) It crashed through a wooden fence and ___________ (disappear).
disappearance
disappeared
5. In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam— this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!
1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹，这次车安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”。
e.g. a computer tracking system
一套电脑跟踪系统
tracking n. a technological way of determining the position of an object within a wider area or location 跟踪
【拓展】
track v. （循着踪迹、气味等）找寻，追踪
n. 铁路轨道；跑道；踪迹；小路
track and field 田径
keep track of 记录；跟踪；了解；与……保持联系
keep to the track 顺道走
on the track 跟踪，追赶，尾随
track down 追踪，追捕
be on the right / wrong track 思路正确/错误
【语境应用】根据语境填入合适的介词/副词完成句子。
1) The police are __________ the track of the bank robbers.
2) Detectives had tracked her __________ in California.
3) As a doctor, Brooks has to keep track __________ the latest developments in medicine.
4) That’s not the answer but you’re __________ the right track.
down
on
of
on
6. Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, … you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam. 由于这个创意以及众多人的努力，……现在你可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。
e.g. Thanks to your help, we succeeded.
由于你的帮助，我们成功了。
We've reached our goal of $50,000, thanks to the
generosity of the public.
我们完成了募集 50,000 美元的目标，这要归功于公众的
慷慨大方。
thanks to: with the help of (someone or something); because of (someone or something) 由于，因为；幸亏，多亏
表示“因为，由于”的短语：
because of 常作状语
owing to 常作状语
due to 常作定语和表语，一般不放在句首
as a result of
result from 由……造成
【方法规律】
owing to和thanks to的宾语所表达的内容往往是正面的、积极的东西。
due to, because of和as a result of的宾语则为中性的内容。
在表达负面、消极的内容时多用as a result of和due to。
【温馨提示】
以上这些都是介词短语，因此后面可以跟名词或动名词而不可以跟从句。
e.g. They didn't climb the mountain because of the rain.
Thanks to this treatment, her condition has improved.
Many hair problems result from what you eat.
Owing to your assistance, he finished the job in only
two hours.
He arrived late due to the storm.
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) It was all a great success — _________________________ (由于尽心竭力).
2) ____________________ (多亏了你的帮助), we arrived there safely.
thanks to a lot of hard work
Thanks to your help
7. Why did cycling fans put forward the idea of “white bikes” in the 1960s
为什么自行车爱好者在20世纪60年代提出了“白色自行车”的概念？
put forward：to suggest something for discussion 提议，提出
to suggest yourself/somebody as a candidate for a job or position 推荐
to move something to an earlier time or date将……提前
to move the hands of a clock to the correct later time 拨快(钟表)
e.g. Who put forward the theory of the Big Bang
谁提出的大爆炸理论？
May I put you/your name forward for chairman of the club
我可以推荐/提名你当俱乐部的主席吗？
We’ve put the wedding forward by one week.
我们已把婚礼提前了一周。
put a clock/ watch forward
把时钟/ 表拨快
put aside 不考虑；储存 put down 记下；放下；镇压
put up with 忍受，容忍 put on 穿上；上演
put off 推迟，延迟 put out 扑灭；熄灭
put away 将……收起 put through 接通(电话)；使成功
put up 建造；张贴；留某人在家里过夜
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) When the scientist put __________ the idea, he was opposed by others.
2) It may not be a great suggestion. But before a better one __________ (put) forward, we’ll make do with it.
3) Put your watch __________; it is five minutes slow.
4) Now that spring is here, you can put __________ these fur coats till you need them again next winter.
5) I really don’t know who can put up __________ your constant complaints; no wonder you have lost so many friends.
forward
is put
forward
away
with(共31张PPT)
UNIT 8
UNIT 8
GREEN LIVING
LESSON 3
“WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD
To read a text about “white bikes” in Amsterdam and get some information about it;
To understand how “white bikes” develops and leads to consequences/results;
To present the topic of the reading text and discuss ideas;
To complete a summary of the reading text;
To compare bike-sharing schemes in Amsterdam and China.
Watch a short video and talk about shared-bike.
Are there any shared bikes in your neighbourhood or around your school What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of them
causing parking problems causing accidents on the road
convenient
saving energy reducing pollution
providing public transport making “the last-mile distance” easy
Advantages
Disadvantages
n. (车辆等的) 停放
Do you know in which city the idea of “shared bikes” was born
Read the text and choose the main idea for each paragraph.
Paragraphs Main ideas
1 A. Clean air and easy transport because of white bikes
2 B. The return of white bikes
3 C. Increasing bike-sharing around the world
4 D. The beginning and disappearance of white bikes
5 E. Bike-sharing in China
6 F. The popularity of cycling in Amsterdam
F
D
B
A
C
E
Amsterdam is called "the City of Bicycles". Why is it a good city for cycling Read the first paragraph and take notes about the reasons.
Why is Amsterdam a good city for cycling
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
It’s flat and therefore convenient for bicycles.
There are plenty of places for bicycle parking.
Most streets in the city centre have a bicycle path.
Where did the idea of “white bikes” start What happened to it soon after, and what is the situation now Read paragraphs 2-5. Make notes in the table.
Skill Builder
Development of "White Bikes"
In the 1960s
People in Amsterdam first had the idea for “white bikes”. They wanted to reduce the amount of traffic and pollution in the city centre. They painted hundreds of bikes white and left them around the city centre for people to use. Within a matter of weeks, the bikes had all been stolen and the project came to an end.
Development of "White Bikes"
In 1999
“White bikes” returned to Amsterdam. This time every bike had a computer tracking system in it to make it possible to record its movements and you had to use a special card to take a bike.
Now
Bike-sharing is becoming more and more popular in cities around the world, including Chinese cities.
n. 跟踪
Read the text again and complete the following chart. Pay attention to the detailed information.
“WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD
Reasons for cycling in Amsterdam (para. 1) The city is flat.
Plenty of 1. ________ space
Most streets having a bicycle 2. ________
Origin of “white bikes” in Amsterdam (para. 2) The idea came from cycling fans.
To save energy, reduce pollution and provide free 3. ______________
Used by anyone and parked where the journey was finished
Stolen in weeks
parking
path
public transport
“WHITE BIKES” ON THE ROAD
Development of “white bikes” in Amsterdam (para. 3) With a(n) 4. ________________ system and painted in bright colours
Used by putting in a special 5. _______ and parked at special parking places
Influence of “white bikes” (paras. 4-6) Bringing clean air and easy 6. ___________ to central Amsterdam
Spreading around the world
“White bikes” in China
★ Reasons for bike-sharing
A cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution and enjoy the benefits of 7. ________
★ Problems
The 8. ________ of bikes and parking issues
computer tracking
exercise
theft
card
transport
1 Why did cycling fans put forward the idea of “white bikes” in the 1960s
Answer the following questions based on your notes.
They were hopeful that this would help to save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.
2 What is the difference between the “white bikes” of the 1960s and of 1999
1960s 1999
n. 目的地；终点
painted the bikes white
anyone could use them for short journeys
parked where they finished the journey
problem: theft—stoppage of the program
be designed with bright colors
special parking near destination
solution: computer tracking system
3 What effects have “white bikes” had on Amsterdam
4 Why has the idea spread to other parts of the world in recent years
People can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.
Because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercises in cities.
Work in groups of four. Suppose you are guides in “the Museum of Shared Bikes”, introduce “white bikes” in Amsterdam with the help of the flow chart.
Student A: Amsterdam
Student B: in the 1960s
Student C: in 1999
Student D: nowadays
1 What does the title “‘White Bikes’ on the Road” mean
“White bikes” on the road refers to “white bikes” being used to ride around the streets of a city. Apart from the literal meaning, the title can also mean that the effort to implement “White bikes” projects takes time and it’s still on the way. There’re still aspects that need to be improved.
2 What does the writer mean by saying “Where will bike-sharing go in China You decide”
Young people like the students will determine how successful bike-sharing is in the future by deciding whether or not and how much they want to use it. It can also mean that whether or not bike-sharing can exist successfully depends on each individual. Everyone has to take the responsibility to take care of bike-sharing so that it can last longer and help people better.
People in Amsterdam have been 1____________________ cycling for years. They are particularly lucky because the city is very flat and therefore 2____________ cycling. Back in the 1960s, a group of cycling fans 3_____________ an idea of using free shared bikes. They believed that this would help to 4_____________, 5______________ and 6_________________________.
Complete the summary with the information you have learnt.
enjoying the benefits of
convenient for
came up with
save energy
reduce pollution
provide free public transport
However, shortly after setting up the new system, there was a serious problem as all the bikes 7______________. In 1999, the bike-sharing idea returned to Amsterdam. This time they were 8_____________ a computer 9______________. 10______________ the efforts of many people, the idea of “shared bikes” has now pedalled its way around the world.
disappeared
designed with
tracking system
Thanks to
What makes “white bikes” successful in Amsterdam
What factors influence the development of bike-sharing
environment
management
technology
awareness
What are the similarities and differences between “white bikes” in Amsterdam and shared bikes in your city/ town
Similarities:
1. People use them for short journeys.
2. There’s a computer tracking system to record their every move.
3. They’re painted in bright colours.
Amsterdam China
Free public transport.
People pay to use them.
People have to put in a special card to use them.
People download APPs to use them.
They are parked at special parking places.
…
They are left at where users complete their journeys.
…
Differences:
enjoy…for years _______________________
be first known as… _______________________
be convenient for… _______________________
come up with an idea _______________________
thanks to the ideas and efforts of…_______________________
try different ways of doing… _______________________
多年来一直享受……
最初被称为……
便于……
提出了一个想法
由于这个创意以及众多……的努力
尝试不同的方法来做某事
Search online for more information about bike-sharing. Write down at least 3 pieces of advice on “How to help bike-sharing go smoothly in China”.

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