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Teaching and Learning Design
Book3 Unit1 Festivals and Celebrations
教学设计
Period 2
Teaching and learning contents: Reading and thinking—Reading comprehension
Comprehensive teaching and learning objectives:
By the end of this period, the students will have been able to:
1) Read and comprehend the reasons and meanings of celebrating festivals, and know about different festival customs and their origins;
2) Identify the topic sentence and summarize key words and main ideas of each paragraph;
3) Talk about festivals and how people celebrate them through deep reading and critical thinking.
Teaching and learning important points:
1) Reading comprehension of the text and identifying the topic sentence;
2) Knowing about and talking about why and how people celebrate festivals.
Teaching and learning difficult points:
1) Reading comprehension of the text and identifying the topic sentence;
2) Knowing about and talking about why and how people celebrate festivals.
Teaching and learning procedure:
Step 1 Leading-in
Activity 1 Leading-in
1. Lead in the reading topic by getting the students to talk about how and why they celebrate Spring Festival or Chinese Lantern Festival.
How
The main traditional celebrations of the festival include: eating reunion dinner with family on New Year’s eve; giving and receiving lucky money; wearing new clothes; decorating houses with red couplets; watching the CCTV Gala; sending message greetings; cyber money gifts.
Spring Festival Eve dinner
A reunion dinner is an extremely important part in the Spring Festival traditions. Since Chinese New Year is a time for families to be together, a reunion dinner is quite necessary for all the Chinese people. On this occasion, all the family members of several generations sit around the tables, and enjoy the food and time together. Dumplings, cold and hot dishes are all served. Fish is an important dish, which expresses people’s best wish for the new year. After the dinner, all members of the big family often watch the Spring Festival Gala together. It is also a custom that all people stay up late or all night on Spring Festival Eve, waiting for the New Year’s bell at midnight, known as Shousui.
Setting off the fireworks
Firecrackers, along with fireworks, originated in China. They were used to scare away wild animals and evil spirits. Then it used in festivals and big events for joyful atmosphere. In the Spring Festival, people set off firecrackers for biting farewell to the old year and welcoming the new year.
The Red Sea
Red, in Chinese people’s eyes, symbolizes good luck and happiness. When the Spring Festival comes, red is the main color for the festival because it is believed to be an auspicious (吉祥的) color. Red lanterns, red spring couplets, red paper-cuts and paintings are everywhere; kids get lucky money which is put in red envelopes.
Why
To celebrate a year of hard work, have a good rest, to wish for a lucky and prosperous (繁荣的) coming year, to enjoy the time with families and old friends.
2. Introduce the teaching objectives of this period.
Step 2 Pre-reading
Activity 2 Discussion and making predictions
1. Discuss the questions in groups and share answers.
1) What festivals do you celebrate with your family each year
Suggested answer: Every year, I celebrate the Mid-Autumn Festival and the Spring Festival with my family.
2) Why do you think people celebrate different festivals
Suggested answer: There are many possible reasons to celebrate different festivals. One good reason is to have fun with friends and family. Another is to celebrate an event or a time of the year.
2. Predict the main idea and content of the passage according to its title.
This text is mainly about the reasons why we celebrate festivals.
Step 3 While-reading
Activity 3 Reading comprehension
1. Read for general information. Read the text to find out why people celebrate festivals and try to identify the main idea of each paragraph.
Introduce how to identify the main idea of a paragraph:
Identifying the main ideas of paragraphs is necessary when analyzing a text. Most paragraphs will have a “topic sentence” that tells you the paragraph’s main idea. It is often the first sentence, but sometimes it is found elsewhere in the paragraph.
Main idea: This text is mainly about the reasons why we celebrate festivals.
Why do people celebrate festival
To show that we are grateful; to allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while; to help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate.
Main idea of each paragraph:
Para.1 Festivals are celebrated all around the world.
Para.2 Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture.
Para.3 Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.
Para.4 Festivals are becoming more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations.
Para.5 Festivals are an important part of society.
2. Read for detailed information. Read the text again for detailed information to answer the following questions.
Questions and answers:
1) Why do people celebrate the harvest festivals
People celebrate the harvest festivals to express their gratitude to nature.
2) What role do customs and traditions play in festivals Do you think they are also the reasons for celebrating festivals Why
Customs and traditions are very important and they are also the reasons for celebrating festivals. People follow customs and sometimes even establish new traditions to celebrate the festivals.
3) Why did the writer mention the commercialization of festivals How is it influencing people’s way of celebrating festivals
The commercialization of festivals can influence people’s decisions to spend more money on festivals, which can be considered as an encouragement to celebrate festivals.
4) What are some other reasons for celebrating festivals
The other reasons for celebrating festivals can include people’s religious beliefs, personal interests, or hobbies, etc.
Step 4 Post-reading
Activity 4 Text reconstruction
1. Talk about the structure of the text.
Text structure: (Why do we celebrate) Festivals—origin, spirit, custom, commercialization, values.
Structure of the paragraphs: Topic sentences + detailed explanations and examples.
2. Guide the students to reconstruct the text by talking about the structure and main content of the text.
Step 5 Summary and evaluation
Activity 5 Summary
1. (The teacher) Guide the students to summarize the main content of the text with the help of the text structure.
2. Question time. Students raise their questions and the teacher answers the questions and gives explanations.
Activity 6 Self-evaluation
Guide the students to reflect on their learning of this period by considering the following aspects.
1. How is your reading comprehension of the text content (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor)
2. How is your understanding of why people celebrate festivals (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor)
3. How is your learning effect (Good/Fairly good/Moderate/Just so so/Poor)
4. What will you do to improve your learning
Homework：
1. Complete the reading comprehension exercises in reference book.
2. Read the text to comprehend it better and underline the words, chunks and sentences that you feel confused about.
3. Preview the new language items and complete the exercises in reference book.

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