资源简介

Unit 2 onwards and upwards
Part one starting out
一.重点词汇
1.debt n.债务，欠款
fall/get/run into debt负债；借债
in debt欠债
out of debt不欠债
pay off one’s debts还清债务
2. pace n.速度，进度 v.走来走去，来回踱步
at one’s own pace按照自己的进度
keep pace with跟上，与……并驾齐驱
set the pace领先；起带头作用
at a pace of以……的速度
pace up and down来回走着
3.eagerly adv. 渴望地，热切地
eager adj. 渴望的，热切的
be eager to do 渴望去做某事
4.survive v. 幸存，幸免于
survival n. 幸存，残存物
survivor n. 生还者，生存者
5.eventually 最后终于
6.guarantee v. 保证，向某人担保
guarantee sb. sth.保证某人某事
guarantee sth. to sb. 向某人保证某事
guarantee n.
give sb. a guarantee that
under guarantee 在保质期内
7.
challenge n. 挑战
a challenge to 对…的挑战
meet /face a challenge 面对挑战
accept/ take up a challenge 接收挑战
8.encourage v. 鼓励；激励
be encouraged to do sth. 被鼓励做某事
discourage sb. from doing sth. 劝阻某人做某事
with one’s encouragement 在某人的鼓励下
give sb. encouragement 给予某人鼓励
9. struggle v. 奋斗;努力;斗争;争取
n. 斗争;努力;奋斗;搏斗
①struggle to do sth. 挣扎着做某事; 奋力做某事
②struggle for 为...而斗争
③struggle against 与...作斗争
10.
outcome n. 结果，后果
come out 出现;结果是;出版,发行
①come in 进来 income n. 收入
②break out 爆发 outbreak n. 爆发;突然发生
③put out 生产;制造 output n. 产量
④stand out 突出;显眼 outstanding adj. 杰出的
11.
stick v. 粘贴;粘住;卡住,陷住
n. 棍，条，签;变速杆，换挡杆;枯枝;球棍;指挥棒
stick - stuck - stuck
①stick to 坚持
②stick ... on... 把...粘/贴在...上
③stick... into... 把...插入/伸入
二. 重点短语
1.
take...for example以……为例
take notice of注意到；留意
take advantage of利用
take one’s time慢慢来
take it easy别紧张，放松点
take action采取行动
2.
give up 放弃
give away 捐出，捐赠
give back 归还，退还
give off 放光，放出
give in 投降 让步
give out 分发；发出
give way to 给…让路
3.
have …in common with 和…有共同之处
have much/ a lot in common with 与…有共同之处
have nothing /little in common与..没有共同之处
in common共有(的)
in common with和……一样
common sense常识
4.
turn down 调小，调低，拒绝
turn up 出现，调大，到场
turn out 证明是 结果是
turn off 关上
turn on 打开
turn over 翻转
turn in上交 归还
turn around 转身
5.dream of /about doing 梦想做某事
6. in particular 特别 尤其
be particular to 是 …特有的
be particular about/over 对…挑剔讲究
7.
pick up 学会 接人 收听 染上
pick out 挑出 辨认
8.
end up 最终成为
end up doing 以…结束
end up with 以…结尾
end up as 最后成了
Unit 2 part 2 developing ideas
一.重要词汇
1. inform v.通知；告知
inform sb of/about sth 通知某人某事
inform sb that 告知某人
informed adj. 有学问的，有见识的
keep sb informed of sth 随时告知某人
information n.消息 情报
2.perserve v.锲而不舍，坚持不懈
perseverance n.
3. criticism n.批判，批评，考证
critical adj.批判的，批评的，爱挑剔的
criticize v. 批评，批判
4. 1)worthwhile adj.重要的，值得做的
It is worthwhile doing/to do sth. 值得做某事
2)worth prep.值得的；相当于……的价值 n.价值；作用 adj.[古]值钱的
be (well) worth doing……(非常)值得做
be worth＋n.值得……；值……
3)worthy adj.值得的
be worthy of being done
be worthy to be done
be worthy of sth
5. enthusiastic adj.热情的热心的
be enthusiastic about sth 对某事热心
enthusiasm n.热心热情
with enthusiasm 热情地
enthusiastically adv.热情地
6.upset adj.
be/feel/get upset about /by/over sth 对某事烦恼、不安，难过
be upset to do sth. 做某事很难过
upset v.
upset oneself about sth 为某事而烦恼
It upsets sb to do sth 做某事让某人心烦
7.elect v.选择，决定
elect to do sth. 选择/决定做某事
election n.选举，推选
8.appreciative adj.
be appreciative of感激；欣赏
appreciate vt.欣赏；理解；鉴赏；感激；意识到
appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事
I would appreciate it if you can…
appreciation n.
in appreciation of 作为对…的感谢
9.delight n. 高兴，愉快
with delight =in delight 高兴地，愉快地
to one’s delight 令某人愉快地
take delight in (doing) sth. 以(做)某事为乐
delighted adj.感到开心的
be delighted at /by/with…由于……而高兴
be delighted to do很高兴做某事
delighting adj.令人感到开心的
delightful adj.快乐的，愉快的
10.apply v. 应用 申请
apply to 应用到
apply oneself to 致力于
apply one’s mind to sth. 全神贯注于某事
apply for申请
application n.申请 应用
applicant n.申请人
11. persuade 说服
persuade sb to do =persuade sb into doing 说服某人做某事
persuade sb not to do =persuade sb out of doing 说服某人不要做某事
12.embarrass v.使…尴尬
embarrassed adj.搞到尴尬的
be embarrassed about /at sth 对…尴尬
be embarrassed to do sth 很尴尬去做某事
embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的
embarrassment n.尴尬
to one’s embarrassment 令某人尴尬的是….
much to one’s embarrassment 使某人非常尴尬的是
13.
aware adj. 意识到的，明白的
make sb aware of 使某人意识到
be /become aware of 意识到
awareness n. 意识
raise one’s awareness of 提高某人的意识
pete v. 竞争；比赛
competition n. 比赛；竞赛
competitive adj. 有竞争力的
competitor n. 竞争者；比赛者；对手
①compete in sth. 参加某项比赛；在某方面竞争
②compete for sth. 为......而竞争
③compete with sth. 与......竞争
④can’t compete with sb./sth. 比不上...；不能与...相媲美
15.descend v. 降临；来临；下降
descending adj. (次序)下降的，递减的;
①descend on/upon sb. /sth. 降临到...上
②descend to 下降到
③descend from 从...下来/降下来
④in descending order 按照递减的顺序
二.重点短语
1. now and then时而，有时
from now on从今以后
from then on从那以后
just now刚才；现在
up to now迄今为止
now that既然
since then自那时以来
2. knock over撞倒；打翻
knock at/on敲……
knock down撞倒，击倒；拆卸
knock into撞在……上
knock off敲掉；(从价格中)减去
Grammar— -ing and to-infinitive as object
1.只接动词不定式作宾语的动词及短语
英语中有些动词及短语必须接不定式作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：
afford负担得起；agree同意；attempt尝试，试图；choose选择；
desire渴望；determine决心；decide决定；expect期望；hope希望；
learn学习；manage设法；offer主动提出；plan计划；pretend假装；
promise许诺；refuse拒绝；wish希望；set out着手；would like想要等。
2.
只接动名词作宾语的动词及短语
英语中有些动词及短语必须接动名词作宾语，这类动词及短语常用的有：admit承认；appreciate感激；avoid避免；consider考虑；delay延迟；deny否认；enjoy喜欢；escape逃脱；finish完成；imagine想象；mind介意；miss错过；postpone推迟；practice练习；resist抵抗；risk冒险；suggest建议；insist on坚持；stand忍受；keep保持等。
be used to习惯于；be accustomed to习惯于；lead to导致；devote oneself to献身于；object to反对；stick to坚持；look forward to期望，盼望等短语中的to为介词，也接动名词作宾语。
3. to为介词的短语：
be/get/become used to doing习惯于
be accustomed to doing习惯于
be addicted to doing沉溺于；对……上瘾
be opposed to doing反对
object to doing 反对
devote oneself to献身于；专心于
be devoted to 致力于；忠诚于
be admitted to 被……录取；准许进入
lead to doing 导致
contribute to doing 贡献；导致；促进
look forward to doing sth.期待做某事
stick to doing sth.坚持做某事
be equal to sth.胜任做某事
have access to 有接近(某物的)方法
attach great importance to doing sth.重视做某事
get down to doing sth.开始做某事
the key/approach to doing sth.做某事的关键/方法
when it comes to当谈到
4.有些动词和动词短语后跟动词不定式和动名词作宾语皆可，但含义不同。常见的有：
①try to do sth.尽力做某事/try doing sth.试着去做某事
②mean to do sth.打算去做某事/mean doing sth.意味着做某事
③regret to do sth.遗憾要去做某事/regret doing sth.后悔做了某事
④remember to do sth.记得要去做某事/remember doing sth.记得做过某事
⑤forget to do sth.忘记要去做某事/forget doing sth.忘记做过了某事
⑥stop to do sth.停下去做别的事/stop doing sth.停下正在做的事
⑦go on to do sth.接着做另外的事/go on doing sth.继续做原来的事
⑧can’t help doing sth.禁不住/忍不住做某事/can’t help to do sth.不能帮助做某事/have no choice but to do sth.别无选择只能做某事
5.在动词allow，permit，forbid，advise后面直接跟动名词形式作宾语，如果后面有名词或代词作宾语，其后用动词不定式作宾语补足语。
独立主格结构及非谓语动词的其他考点
一、
1.名词或代词主格+不定式;
Lots of work to do, I have to work extra hours.
2.名词或代词主格+现在分词：
Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.
3.名词或代词主格+过去分词
The test finished，we will have our summer vacation.
二. 1.动名词的复合结构
Would you mind opening the door
Would you mind me/my opening the door
Tom’s being polite is praised by all.
We don’t like his/him/Tom’s showing off.
2. there be的非谓语动词形式
there be的不定式结构用(for) there to be，v.-ing形式是there being。如：
There being no bus, we had to walk home.
3．With/without 的复合结构
1) with/without+名词/代词+形容词(短语)/副词/介词短语
I found her sitting in the corner, reading a newspaper, with tears in her eyes.
2) with/without+名词/代词+现在分词
With about 7 million college graduates in China crowding into the job market this year, it’s going to be tough to get a good job.
3)with/without+名词/代词+不定式
With many students to attend his lecture about the endangered animals, the professor has been preparing for it all day.
4) with/without+名词/代词+过去分词
Most companies center on how to get customers, with little attention paid to keeping them.
选1 Unit 2 Onwards and upwards
1. be successful in 在..方面成功
2. succeed in doing sth
成功做某事
3. play a role in
在...中起着举足轻重的重要
4. go wrong 出毛病，弄错
5. in debt 负债；欠债
6. turn about 转身；转变
7. stick out坚持到底
8. give up放弃
9. keep pace with 并驾齐驱
10. regret to do sth 遗憾去做某事
11. regret doing sth 后悔做了某事
12. inform sb of sth通知某人某物
13. dread doing / to do sth 害怕做某事
14. rare ——rarely很少
15. survive on 靠..活下来
16. turn down 拒绝；调低
17. agree to do sth同意做某事
18. along with 连同...一起
19. persevere -- 【N】perseverance
20. struggle to do st 挣扎着做某事
21. go on to do sth 继续做另一件事
22. go on doing st 继续做同一件事
23. in print已出版
24. ought to do sth 应该做某事
25. play a part (in)扮演角色
26. keep doing一直做某事
27. be delighted to do sth 很高兴做某事
28. recommend doing sth 建议做某事
recommend+从句+(should)+V原
29. due to 由于
30. admit doing sth承认做了
31. be confident of / that对...自信
32. It is worthwhile doing sth/to do值得做某事
33. find it +adj + to do 发现做某事...
34. not lift a finger一点忙也不帮
35. drag one’s feet拖拉
36. make an effort to do sth 努力做某事
37. in a difficult situation 在困难的处境
38. be made up of 由..组成
39. be enthusiastic about 热衷于
40. have an effect on 对..有影响
41. cheer up使高兴；使振奋
42. pass on传递
43. mean to do sth打算去做某事
44. mean doing 意味着做..
45. be proud of 为...自豪 = take pride in
46. be of assistance有帮助
47. It would be a blessing if
如果..这将是一件幸事
48. be appreciate of对..感激
49. now and then偶尔；有时
50. be particular about对..挑剔
51. be worth doing sth值得做
52. the pageant of ...的缤纷场景
53. probe into探究
54. go about着手做
55. apply to适用于；施加于
56. apply for申请，请求
57. give one hint to sb给某人提示
58. descend on/upon 突然到达
59. persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
60.persuade sb of sth 使某人确信某事
61.fail to do sth失败做某事
62.pick up捡起；获得；搭载
63.it's best to do sth最好去做某
64.advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
65.be aware of 知道
66.respond to 响应；回应
词性转换
1.delighted adj.愉快的；高兴的→delight v.使高兴
→delightful adj.令人愉快的；宜人的
2.endurance n(忍)耐力→endure v.忍耐；持续
3.persevere v.坚持不懈→perseverance n.毅力；任性
4.rejection n.拒绝；否认→reject v.拒绝
5.rarely adv.很少，难得→rare adj.稀有的;珍贵的
6.criticism n.批评；指责→criticize v. 批评；指责→critic n.评论家
7.dread v.畏惧；惧怕→dreadful adj.可怕的
8.classic n.名著;经典作品→classical adj.古典的
9.failure n.失败(的人/事)→fail v.失败;不能
10.inform v.通知→information n.信息；消息
→informative adj.增长见闻的→informed adj.见多识广的
11.encourage v.鼓励;激励→discourage v.使灰心;沮丧
→encouraging adj.令人鼓舞的→encouragement n.鼓励
12.publisher adj.出版商→publish v.出版;发布
13.fear v.恐惧;害怕→fearful adj.可怕的
14.global adj.全世界的→globe n.世界;地球
15.survive v.生存;幸存→survival n.存活;幸存
→survivor n.幸存者
16.honest adj.诚实的;真诚的→honesty n.诚实;正直
→honestly adv.诚实地；确实
17.support v.支持;帮助→supportive adj.支持的
18.begin v.开始→beginning n.开始;开端
19.reason n.原因;理由→reasonable adj.合理的
pete v.竞争;参加比赛→competition n.竞赛
→competitor n.竞争者→competitive adj.有竞争力的
21.worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的→worthy adj.值得的;有价值的→worth adj.值得的
22.elect v.选举；推选→election n.选举
23.contest n.比赛；竞赛→contestant n.参赛者
24.challenge v.挑战→challenging adj.挑战性的
25.inspiration n.灵感;激励→inspire v.鼓舞；激励
→inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
fort v.安慰;安抚→comfortable adj. 舒服的
→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的→comfortably adv.舒适地
27.proud adj.自豪的→pride n.自豪;骄傲
28.contribute v.捐赠;贡献；撰稿→contribution n.捐赠;贡献
29.concern v.担心;涉及→concerning adj.令人担忧的
30.mean v.打算;意味着→meaning n.意思;意义
→meaningful adj.意味深长的；重要的
31.appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate v. 欣赏;感谢;
→appreciation n.欣赏;感谢
32.mere adj.仅仅；只不过→merely adv. 仅仅；只不过
33.literary adj.文学的→literature n.文学
34.blessing n.幸事，幸运→bless v.祝福;
35.gentleness n.和蔼，温和→gentle adj.温和的→gently adj.柔和地
36.embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrass v. 使尴尬
→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的→embarrassment n.尴尬;难堪
37.functional adj.实用的;起作用的→function n.功能;作用
38.silence n.沉默;宁静→silent adj.沉默的
39.pleasure n.快乐;满意→pleasant adj.令人愉快的
40.assistance n.帮助;协助→assist v.帮助;协助→assistant n.助手
41.persuade v.说服;劝说→persuasion n. 说服;劝说
→persuasive adj.能使人信服的；劝说的
42.analyse v.分析→analysis n.分析
43.spirit n.精神;灵魂→spiritual adj.精神/心灵的
44.cheer v.使振奋→cheerful adj.愉快的;高兴的
45.frustration n.挫折→frustrate v.使沮丧;挫败→frustrated adj.沮丧的→frustrating adj.令人沮丧的

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