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常德市一中2025上学期高二英语核心素养测评
试卷导读
难度系数：0.70 校平均分：104.4 最高分 144.5
体裁 主题 语篇导读
阅读A 应用文 人与社会 介绍四个与环保有关的艺术竞赛，旨在激发青少年通过艺术表达对自然保护的关注。
阅读B 记叙文 人与社会 Gelinne目睹飞机坠入冰河，与儿子用皮划艇展开救援的故事
阅读C 议论文 人与社会 美国Z世代和千禧一代偏爱图书馆，赞扬年轻人赋予图书馆新活力的积极意义。
阅读D 说明文 人与自然 植物根茎尖端的干细胞通过程序性死亡机制避免遗传缺陷扩散，类似动物抗癌机制。
阅读七选五 说明文 人与自我 生活中常见的烦恼可能导致失眠和注意力不集中。
完型 记叙文 人与自我 哥伦比亚女孩特鲁希略的励志故事。自小热爱科学，参与了火星探测器工作。
语篇填空 说明文 人与自然 中国与冰雪的渊源较早，从唐到清朝的冰雪活动，如滑冰从实用到娱乐、宫廷运动的演变，展现中国悠久的冰雪传统。
应用文写作 应用文 人与社会 就高中生近视问题写一篇英文稿件
读后续写 记叙文 人与自我 作者准备退出游泳比赛，但奶奶让作者坚持参赛。由于错过比赛，最后参加了高年级组的比赛。
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30分)
第一节 (共5小题: 每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman’s plan for the weekend
A. To visit relatives. B. To relax at home. C. To clean the house.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a car. B. In a test room. C. At the railway station.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A hotel booking. B. A family gathering. C. A travel plan.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Worried. B. Calm. C. Angry.
5. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Go for lunch. B. Have a break. C. Sit by the window.
第二节 (共15小题: 每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How many classes did Tommy have a day in the third grade
A. Eight. B. Six. C. Five.
7. What did Tommy do in the afternoon
A. He introduced himself. B. He took a history class.C. He got new books.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the boy need a new uniform
A. He has grown taller.
B. He has joined a new team.
C. He has worn out his old uniform.
9. When will the speakers go shopping
A. This Saturday. B. This Friday. C. This Thursday.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the man come to the woman
A. To extend an invitation. B. To express thanks. C. To seek advice.
11. What kind of movies does the woman like
A. Love movies. B. Adventure movies. C. Action movies.
12. What will the man do next
A. Visit his friend. B. Pick a movie. C. Make a call.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the woman want the man to close the window
A. Because of the cold weather.
B. Because of the annoying smell.
C. Because of the outside noise.
14. Which aspect of the neighborhood attracted the speakers at first
A. The nice park. B. The big parking lot. C. The good barbecue restaurant.
15. What does the man like about the neighborhood
A. Its facilities. B. Its transportation. C. Its natural environment.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where does Janice come from
A. Spain. B. Russia. C. Italy.
18. Which of the following words best describes Janice
A. Careful. B. Creative. C. Brave.
19. What did Janice see in the forest
A. A bear. B. A lion. C. An elephant.
20. How did Janice’s father make a living
A. He trained animals. B. He treated animals. C. He raised animals.
答案
1-5 BACBC 6-10 BCACA 11-15 BCBAA 16-20 BCCAA
录音原文
Text 1
M: It’s finally Friday. What a busy week!
W: I agree. I’ll stay home and watch movies with my cousin for the next two days. (1)
M: Sounds nice. But I have to do the cleaning with my parents.
W: You should really take a rest.
Text 2（第2题为推断题）
M: The road is closed to traffic. I’ll do a right-hand turn here. Don’t worry. I will take you to the train station on time.
W: Thanks. If only I had passed my driving test.
Text 3（第3题为主旨大意题）
M: So should I book the tickets to Byron Bay
W: We’ve explored all the tourist attractions there. Let’s go somewhere else. How about Coolangatta
M: Great! Let me reserve a family room with a view of the sea.
Text 4（第4题为推断题）
M: Oh no. I went to the garden to get the dry clothes, but they were missing. We should report this to the police!
W: Take it easy. Who would steal our used clothes Probably a neighbor took them by mistake.
Text 5
M: I’d like to change my place for a new one. I sit right by the break room. It’s too noisy during the lunch break.
W: How about this one by the window It is far from the break room. (5)
Text 6
W: Hey, Tommy. (6) Was it exciting to go back to school
M: It was great. My new class teacher is a gentle lady.
W: That’s good. So, no classes today
M: Yes, we introduced ourselves and got to know each other in the morning. And then our class teacher handed out our timetables. I’ll have eight lessons a day, two more than I had in the third grade. (6) In the afternoon, I collected our new term’s books with five of my new classmates. (7)
W: Okay. What about the clubs Any new ones
M: We haven’t discussed them yet.
W: I see. Tell me more about your class teacher. What subject does she teach
M: She teaches history.
collect 【熟词生义】领取
Text 7
M: Mom, I need a new basketball uniform. (8)
W: Why Is the school changing the team’s color again
M: No, it’s still the same.
W: What’s the problem, then Your old uniform was still in great shape when I washed it last Friday. It looked brand-new.
M: Well, it’s me. I’ve grown a lot. The uniform is too short now. Everyone on our team has gotten taller over the summer. So have I. (8)
W: Wow, I didn’t realize it. How about going shopping this weekend
M: I have basketball training this Friday. (9) I need to wear a basketball uniform then.
W: Then let’s go to the mall a day earlier. (9)
Text 8
M: Are you free tomorrow evening How about we take in a movie (10) I just realized it’s been ages since we went to the cinema together last time.
W: That’s true. But have you noticed any good films that are worth seeing recently I checked out some new movies. They are full of boring action and fighting or they just focus on love stories.
M: I think that’s because you are into adventure stories. (11)
W: You are right. (11) Anyway, what’s on tomorrow
M: There’s a film about searching for lost children that caught my eye.
W: Does it have a happy ending If not, I’m not going. I don’t want any bad endings.
M: I’m not sure how it ends. One of my friends recommended this film to me. Hold on, I remember I have his phone number. I’ll talk to him now. (12)
take in a movie 去看电影
Text 9（第16题为推断题）
W: Honey, could you close the window, please (13)
M: Are you sure I don’t think it is cold — it’s only a couple of degrees lower than usual.
W: It’s not about the temperature. It’s that barbecue restaurant across the street. Since it opened last month, the smell has been driving me crazy. (13)
M: I think it is pretty good. And you didn’t say anything bad when we ate there last time.
W: Yes, but now, I feel like I’m living inside that restaurant day and night. I think this neighborhood is getting worse. We moved here in May for the nice green park. (14)
M: I agree. Now it’s August. The park is not so attractive. And more and more businesses are just bringing more traffic jams. However, I’m happy with the gym nearby and those new parking spaces at the roadside. (15)
W: The city should really take notice and do something about it.
M: Maybe someday. Anyway, we only have to stay here for a year. I’m really looking forward to moving out.
Text 10
My stay at this hut in the Alps was a truly unforgettable experience in my life. I met some very interesting people there, and even made a few good friends from Spain and Russia. There was an Italian woman, Janice, whose room was next to mine. (17) She didn’t know how to ski, but still went down the slopes. And she got lost in the forest. A few of us went looking for her. We nearly got tired when we finally found her. She sat under a tree, and fell asleep. The very interesting thing was that she didn’t seem scared at all. (18) She told us that she saw a bear not far from the tree. (19) We thought she was seeing things, but on our way back we saw the bear, too. It looked at us from a distance, but made no attempt to come closer. I have to admit I was a bit scared, but Janice seemed perfectly fine. She even waved at the bear. (18) Later, it turned out that she had seen bears before. Her father worked in a circus, and was in charge of training wild animals, (20) like elephants, lions and bears.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Participating in art competitions is essential for students to gain formal recognition and impress college admission officers. Today, we have a list of art competitions on regional, national, and international scales.
EarthX Eco-Art Competition
It invites young artists aged 5-22 to create 2-D or 3-D art that illustrates the theme: Protectors for the Planet. The theme can be interpreted in various ways, including individuals taking action towards a more sustainable planet, or highlighting the efforts of environmental leaders working to sustain ecosystems.
Deadline: March 8, 2024
The Children’s Drawing Contest
Sponsored by International Certification Organization Network, the contest, whose theme this year is “Passing on Our Precious Earth to The Future”, invites children aged 7-15 worldwide to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in. 48 winners will receive special memorabilia. All entrants will receive a participation prize. Medium: Drawings with any type of paint, pastel, etc.
Deadline: May 31, 2024
Science without Borders Challenge
The competition is open to children and young people under the age of 16. We welcome entries from both groups and individuals to create art to promote public awareness of the need to preserve, protect, and restore nature. The theme is “The Sixth Extinction” and you can focus on the protection of endangered species. Acceptable media include paint, pencil, marker, crayon, ink, felt, and oil pastel.
Deadline: March 4, 2024
The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards
The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards, the longest-running literary and art competition in the US, provides opportunities and academic awards for creative young people to express their talent. The theme this year is “Tell Your Climate Story”. Students in the 9th to 12th grades can submit poetry, fiction and nonfiction to show their understanding of environmental issues.
Deadline: June 10, 2024
21. On which date can participants send their entries to EarthX Eco-Art Competition
A. May 6, 2024. B. March 15, 2024.
C. April 28, 2024. D. February 9, 2024.
22. Which competition best suits teenagers good at writing poems
A. EarthX Eco-Art Competition. B. The Children’s Drawing Contest.
C. Science without Borders Challenge. D. The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards.
23. What do the four competitions have in common
A. They target students under the age of 20.
B. They are about environmental protection.
C. They require participants to write a story.
D. They only accept entries from individuals.
文章体裁：应用文（介绍性文本）
主题语境：人与社会（教育、艺术与环保主题的社会活动）
语篇导读：本文介绍了四个不同规模的艺术竞赛，均围绕环保主题展开，旨在激发青少年通过艺术表达对自然保护的关注。EarthX竞赛强调可持续行动，儿童绘画比赛聚焦理想自然环境，Science without Borders关注物种保护，Scholastic奖项则鼓励气候故事创作。这些竞赛为学生提供展示才能的平台，助力升学与环保意识传播。
试题解析：
21. 细节理解题。D。根据EarthX Eco-Art Competition部分中“Deadline: March 8, 2024(截止日期：2024年3月8日)”并结合选项可知，参赛者可于2024年2月9日递交参赛作品予EarthX生态艺术比赛。A（May 6）、B（March 15）和C（April 28）均晚于截止日期。
22. 推理判断题。D。根据The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards部分中“Students in the 9th to 12th grades can submit poetry, fiction and nonfiction to show their understanding of environmental issues.(9至12年级的学生可以提交诗歌、小说和非小说类作品，以展示他们对环境问题的理解)”可知，The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards最适合擅长写小说的青少年。A、B、C均要求绘画或艺术创作，未提及诗歌，属“偷梁换柱”。
23. 主旨大意题。B。所有比赛主题均涉及环保，如第一部分的“Protectors for the Planet...working to sustain ecosystems”；第二部分的“Passing on Our Precious Earth to The Future...to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in”；第三部分的“The Sixth Extinction...focus on the protection of endangered species”以及第四部分的“Climate Story... to show their understanding of environmental issues”）。A（目标20岁以下）：Scholastic面向9-12年级学生（可能含18岁以上），属“以偏概全”；C（需写故事）：仅Scholastic要求，属“无中生有”；D（仅接受个人）：Science without Borders接受团体，属“推理过度”。
文本精读：
（一）重要词汇/短语
1 formal recognition（正式认可）
2 illustrate the theme（阐释主题）
3 sustainable planet（可持续星球）
4 participation prize（参与奖）
5 promote public awareness（提升公众意识）
6 endangered species（濒危物种）
7 academic awards（学术奖项）
（二）长难句解析
1 The theme can be interpreted in various ways, including individuals taking action towards a more sustainable planet, or highlighting the efforts of environmental leaders working to sustain ecosystems. （EarthX Eco-Art Competition部分）
成分分析：这是一个简单句，主语是“The theme”，谓语是“can be interpreted”，“in various ways”是状语，后半部分是对“various ways”的具体解释，由including 连接两个并列的名词性短语构成。
中文意思：这个主题具有多元化的解读视角，既涵盖了个体为促进地球可持续发展所采取的积极行动，也彰显了环境保护领军人物在维护生态系统方面所作出的不懈努力。
2 Sponsored by International Certification Organization Network, the contest, whose theme this year is “Passing on Our Precious Earth to The Future”, invites children aged 7-15 worldwide to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in. （The Children’s Drawing Contest部分）
成分分析：这是一个复合句，主句是：Sponsored by International Certification Organization Network, the contest invites children aged 7-15 worldwide to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in. 其中“Sponsored by International Certification Organization Network”是过去分词短语作状语；“whose theme this year is ‘Passing on Our Precious Earth to The Future’”是定语从句，修饰先行词“the contest”；“children aged 7-15 worldwide”是“invite”的宾语；“to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in”不定式短语作宾语补足语，进一步说明“invite”的目的。
中文意思：由国际认证组织网络主办的此次大赛，今年的主题是“把我们珍贵的地球传承给未来”，诚邀全球7至15岁的儿童描绘出他们心中向往的自然环境。
3 The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards, the longest-running literary and art competition in the US, provides opportunities for creative young people to express their talent. （The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards部分）
成分分析：主句为“The Scholastic Awards provides opportunities”，同位语“the longest-running...”解释奖项性质，不定式“to express...”表目的。
中文意思：学术艺术与写作奖（Scholastic Art and Writing Awards）是美国历史最悠久的文学与艺术竞赛，为富有创造力的青少年提供了展示才华的机会和学术奖励。
B
On Dec.26, Gelinne was having a cup of coffee at home, gazing out at frozen Beards River. Suddenly, his daughter cried “Look!” Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few hundred yards away, coming down.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront. The plane had slid to a stop on the broad, frozen river, far from shore, sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his previous training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot.
Gelinne tested the ice with his foot and decided not to take any chances walking on it. So he and his son, John, pulled two kayaks (皮划艇) out. “If it can float on the water, it can slide on the ice,” Gelinne said.
The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too weak, so the pair tried using sticks to push the boats along. Their first attempts left them spinning in circles. But with effort, they made progress. When Gelinne reached the plane, the pilot was standing on a tail wing, surrounded by open water. Gelinne pushed his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics What if I fall over ”
With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot onto the shelf of unbroken ice. But each time Gelinne tried, the kayak broke through the ice. He needed help.
Soon a police officer arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the local Department of Natural Resources appeared. It picked up the pilot, Steve 71, and rushed him to safety, who would be treated for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, exhausted, to shore.
The boat had arrived just in time, Gelinne recalled. “I’m 60 years old,” he says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied.
24. What was Gelinne’s first reaction to the air crash
A. Hesitant. B. Concerned. C. Scared. D. Surprised.
25. What can be learned from paragraph 4
A. The plane had sunk to the bottom. B. The pilot was nearly frozen to death.
C. The kayaks got stuck in floating ice. D. The rescue was tougher than expected.
26. Why did Gelinne need help
A. Because his son didn’t help him. B. Because the kayaks were broken.
C. Because the ice wasn’t solid enough. D. Because the pilot was too exhausted.
27. Which of the following can best describe Gelinne
A. Honest and independent. B. Modest and intelligent.
C. Helpful and humorous. D. Generous and cautious.
文章体裁：记叙文（故事类）
主题语境：人与社会（见义勇为、危机救援）
语篇导读：本文讲述Gelinne目睹飞机坠入冰河后，与儿子用皮划艇展开救援的故事。面对冰层脆弱、工具不足等挑战，他冷静应对，幽默安抚飞行员，最终在警方协助下成功救人。文章突出其果敢、机智与幽默，传递人性光辉。
试题解析：
24. 细节理解题。B。根据第二段“As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront.(当飞机消失在树后时，曾经当过水手的杰琳意识到它将降落在河中。他毫不犹豫地跑到水边)”可知，他一看到飞机降落在河中，就毫不犹豫地跑到水边，所以推知是担心的。
错误原因：A 项“Hesitant”与“Without hesitation”矛盾；C 项“Scared”未在文中体现，Gelinne 表现得非常果断；D 项“Surprised”虽可能有惊讶成分，但文中重点突出强调其果断反应。
25. 细节理解题。D。根据第四段中的The kayaks paddles(桨) proved too weak, so the pair tried using sticks to push the boats along. Their first attempts left them spinning in circles. But with effort, they made progress. When Gelinne reached the plane, the pilot was standing on a tail wing, surrounded by open water.（皮划艇的桨太弱了，所以两人试着用棍子推动小船。他们的第一次尝试让他们在原地打转。但是经过努力，他们取得了进步。当杰琳娜到达飞机时，飞行员正站在尾翼上，周围是开阔的水域。）可知，落水飞行员站在飞机尾翼上，但是Gelinne父子很 难接近他。由此可知救助过程比预想的要困难。
错误原因：A 项“The plane had sunk to the bottom”与文中“The plane had slid to a stop on the broad, frozen river”矛盾；B 项“The pilot was nearly frozen to death”文中未提及；C 项“The kayaks got stuck in floating ice”文中未提到皮划艇被卡。
26. 细节理解题。C。根据第五段“With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot onto the shelf of unbroken ice. But each time Gelinne tried, the kayak broke through the ice. He needed help.(儿子就在旁边，Gelinne专注于让飞行员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“就像拥抱你的妻子一样，紧紧抓住皮艇。”领航员抓住皮艇的船头。Gelinne知道他必须把飞行员弄到没有破冰的架子上。但每次杰琳尝试，皮划艇都破冰而出。他需要帮助)”可知，因为冰不够坚固，导致皮划艇都破冰而出。他需要帮助。
错误原因：A 项“Because his son didn’t help him”与文中“with his son nearby”矛盾；B 项“Because the kayaks were broken”错误，文中提到“paddles proved too weak”，但皮划艇本身未坏；D 项“Because the pilot was too exhausted”文中未提及飞行员因疲劳无法配合。
27. 推理判断题。C。根据第二段“As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront.(当飞机消失在树后时，曾经当过水手的杰琳意识到它将降落在河中。他毫不犹豫地跑到水边)”可知，他一看到飞机降落在河中，就毫不犹豫地跑到水边去救人，所以他是热于助人的，以及第五段“With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.”(儿子就在旁边，Gelinne专注于让飞行员保持冷静，他开玩笑说：“就像拥抱你的妻子一样，紧紧抓住皮艇。”)”可推知Gelinne 是个幽默的人，所以Gelinne是乐于助人又幽默的。
错误原因：A 项“Honest and independent”文中未提及；B 项“Modest and intelligent”虽有聪明成分，但未体现谦逊；D 项“Generous and cautious”文中未提及慷慨，谨慎也不是其突出特点。
文本精读：
（一）主要短语/词汇
1 gaze out at凝视……
2 slide to a stop：滑行停止
3 without hesitation毫不犹豫地
4 take any chances：冒险
5 previous training之前的训练
6 paddle划桨
7 spin in circles打转
8 push off：推开；划离
9 shelf of unbroken ice未破裂的冰面
10 radio for help呼叫救援
11 rush to safety：冲向安全地带
12 treat for minor injuries 治疗轻伤
（二）长难句解析
1 Gelinne pushed his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics What if I fall over ”
成分分析：Gelinne pushed his kayak off the ice and into the water是主干部分，paddling 和thinking做伴随状语。
中文意思：格利纳把他的皮划艇从冰上推入水中，一边朝着飞行员划去，一边想着：“如果他恐慌了怎么办？如果我摔倒了怎么办？”
2 With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.”
成分分析：Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm是主干部分，with复合结构做状语，joking 做伴随状语。
中文意思：在儿子的陪伴下，Gelinne 专注于让飞行员保持镇定，开玩笑地说：“紧紧抱住皮划艇，就像抱着你的妻子一样。”
C
A recent survey in the US found that Gen Z ers and Millennials (千禧一代) visit libraries more often than their parents or grandparents. The young love libraries because they are secure, comfortable, free and—as my 11 year old would say—“aesthetic”. This means they look good in the background of an Instagram post or TikTok video. It's also a great place to meet people. If you're both young and in a library, chances are you have similar interests.
And then, too, there are the books. Gen Z ers are turning out to be big readers, especially of paper books. Even though, or perhaps because, they have in their pockets the most limitlessly distracting devices ever invented, many are deliberately(故意地) choosing to pick up a piece of 15th century technology instead. They like the fact that books are complete in themselves and require focused attention.
There is, sometimes, a sense of nostalgic (怀旧的) cosplay in the way young people read. In New York, for example, the latest TikTok fuelled craze (狂热) is reading with strangers in bars. You have to buy a ticket in advance, and then you all gather and sit in silence for 30 minutes, reading whatever book you've brought along. It is like an expensive version of going to the library, except that afterwards you all have a drink and talk about books.
To me, reading is a private pleasure, while screens—TV or cinema—are social. I did once, in a group of ambitious parenting, introduce a “family reading hour”， during which my husband and children were pressed to join me at the fireside for some silent reading. It could not have felt more performative if we had dressed up in top hats and old fashioned clothes.
But still, I'd like to praise these young readers—for knowing what is good for them, for seeking out human connection, for finding the beauty and pleasure in old institutions, and for bringing new life to the library.
28. What contributes to the young generation's preference for libraries
A. High technology. B. Pressure from parents.
C. Favorable environment. D. Popularity of social media.
29. Why is the latest TikTok fuelled craze mentioned
A. To introduce a popular culture.
B. To highlight an old way of reading.
C. To stress the importance of reading in silence.
D. To show another cause for youngsters’ reading enthusiasm.
30. Which is the writer's opinion about reading
A. Reading should be done silently. B. Reading should be enjoyed alone.
C. Reading should be a way of parenting. D. Reading should be a way of socializing.
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Benefits of library reading
B. The young generation's shared interest
C. The Gen Z’s way to bring new life to libraries
D. Conflicted approaches to reading among teenagers
文章体裁：议论文（社会现象分析）
主题语境：人与社会（文化趋势与代际差异）
语篇导读：本文探讨美国Z世代和千禧一代偏爱图书馆的现象，分析其背后的原因——图书馆的舒适环境、社交属性及纸质书吸引力，并对比作者对“私人阅读”与年轻人“社交化阅读”的不同态度，最终赞扬年轻人赋予图书馆新活力的积极意义。
文章结构：
引出话题：介绍年轻人频繁光顾图书馆的现象。
深入探讨：说明年轻人尤其爱读纸质书，并分析其原因。
举例说明：以纽约酒吧阅读热潮为例，展现年轻人阅读方式中的怀旧角色扮演感。
对比观点：作者阐述自身阅读观，讲述组织 “家庭阅读时间” 的经历，认为集体阅读有表演感。
总结评价：赞扬年轻读者，肯定他们阅读行为的积极意义。
试题解析：
28. 细节理解题。C。根据第一段The young love libraries because they are secure，comfortable，free and — as my 11- year- old would say — "aesthetic".（年轻人喜欢图书馆，因为它们安全、舒适、免费，而且---正如我11岁的儿子所说---"有美感"。）可知，图书馆舒适的环境是年轻人喜欢图书馆的原因。
29. 推理判断题。D。根据第三段There is，sometimes，a sense of nostalgic （怀旧的） cosplay in the way young people read.In New York，for example，the latest TikTok fuelled craze （狂热） is reading with strangers in bars.（有时候，在年轻人的阅读方式中会有一种怀旧的角色扮演感。例如，在纽约，Tiktok掀起的最新热潮是在酒吧里和陌生人一起阅读。）可知，TikTok fuelled craze在这里被提及是举例说明年轻人阅读是在追求怀旧感，而追求怀旧感是千禧一代读书热的原因之一。
30. 推理判断题。B。根据第四段To me，reading is a private pleasure，while screens — TV or cinema— are social.（对我来说，阅读是一种私人乐趣，而屏幕---电视或电影---是社交的。）可知，作者认为阅读是一种个人享受的方式。
31. 主旨大意题。C。根据第一段A recent survey in the US found that Gen Z ers and Millennials visit libraries more often than their parents or grandparents.（美国最近的一项调查发现，Z世代和千禧一代比他们的父母或祖父母更频繁地访问图书馆。）最后一段But still，I'd like to praise these young readers — for knowing what is good for them，for seeking out human connection，for finding the beauty and pleasure in old institutions，and for bringing new life to the library.（但是，我还是要赞扬这些年轻的读者——他们知道什么对他们有好处，他们寻求人际关系，他们在旧机构中发现美丽和快乐，他们为图书馆带来了新的生命。）结合文章主要介绍了美国一项调查发现Z世代和千禧一代更喜欢去图书馆，文章分析了他们喜欢去图书馆的原因和新的读书方式，作者认为Z世代给图书馆带来了新的生命。由此可知，C项The Gen Z's way to bring new life to libraries（Z世代给图书馆带来新生的方式）能够概括文章主旨，适合作为最佳标题。
文本精读：
（一）重点单词和短语
1. Gen Zers Z世代
2. Millennials千禧一代
3. aesthetic审美的
4. nostalgic怀旧的
5. cosplay角色扮演
6. craze狂热
7. in advance 提前，事先
8.focused attention专注的注意力
9.dress up穿上盛装；打扮
10. performative表演性的
11. ambitious parenting雄心勃勃的育儿方式
12. bring new life to为……注入新活力
（二）长难句分析
1 A recent survey in the US found that Gen Zers and Millennials visit libraries more often than their parents or grandparents.
成分分析：这是一个复合句，that 引导宾语从句
中文意思：美国的一项最新调查发现，Z世代和千禧一代比他们的父母或祖父母更频繁地光顾图书馆。
2 Even though, or perhaps because, they have in their pockets the most limitlessly distracting devices ever invented, many are deliberately choosing to pick up a piece of 15th-century technology instead.
成分分析：这是一个复合句，Even though or perhaps because引导状语从句，主句是many are deliberately choosing to...，the most limitlessly distracting devices ever invented是从句宾语。
中文意思：尽管他们口袋里装着有史以来最具分散注意力的设备，或许正是因为如此，许多人反而故意选择拿起一件15世纪的技术产品（纸质书）。
3 It could not have felt more performative if we had dressed up in top hats and old-fashioned clothes.
成分分析：这是一个复合句，if 引导条件状语从句，It could not have felt more performative是主句。
中文意思：如果我们都戴上高顶礼帽，穿上过时的衣服，那种表演感也不会比这更强烈了。
D
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
Plants have small populations of stem cells (干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life, which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
32. What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants
A. To produce more roots and shoots.
B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake.
D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on.
33. What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.
B. They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C. They make quick response to DNA damage.
D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA.
34. What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Spread. B. Change. C. Existence. D. Self-repair.
35. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress.
D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress.
文章体裁：说明文（科学发现类）
主题语境：人与自然（植物生物学与环境保护）
语篇导读：本文揭示植物根茎尖端的干细胞通过程序性死亡机制避免遗传缺陷扩散，类似动物抗癌机制。这一发现对农业应对气候变化、培育抗逆作物具重要意义。
文章结构：
①提出观点：科学家揭示了植物抵御环境胁迫致基因损伤的机制，即生长尖端能检测DNA损伤并让细胞死亡，避免缺陷传递。
②背景介绍：说明植物根和茎尖端的干细胞对生长很关键，但其基因缺陷会持续传递。
③研究情况：阐述研究人员为揭示保护机制开展实验，发现干细胞对DNA损伤更敏感。
④机制详解：解释DNA损伤发生时，细胞检测并使程序性细胞死亡，防止损伤传播，此过程与动物细胞机制相似。
⑤总结：植物保护系统对植物发育研究意义重大，能助力培育抗逆植物，对农业应对气候变化至关重要 。
试题解析：
32. 细节理解题。D。根据第一段The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.（植物根和芽的生长尖端有一种内建机制，如果检测到DNA损伤，就会导致细胞死亡，从而避免将有缺陷的DNA传递给下一代。）可知，植物内建机制的功能是阻止干细胞中的基因缺陷遗传下去。
33. 细节理解题。C。根据第三段Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.（通过涉及x射线和化学物质的实验，他们发现干细胞比其他细胞对DNA损伤更敏感。）可知，植物中的干细胞对DNA损伤做出快速反应。
34. 词义猜测题。A。根据划线词上文When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity ... the rest of the plant tissues可知，当DNA受损时，细胞有能力检测到它，并导致程序化细胞死亡，防止受损的遗传密码传播到植物组织的其他部分。故划线词意思是传播。
35. 主旨大意题。B。根据最后一段The identification of a similar protective system ...science's response to climate change（在植物中发现类似的保护系统在植物发育领域具有重要意义。它还帮助科学家培育出能够更好地应对环境压力的植物。因此，了解植物如何应对这些压力对农业科学应对气候变化具有重要意义。）可知，最后一段的重点是识别植物保护系统的意义。
文本精读：
（一）重点单词和短语
1 protect ... against... 保护……免受……损害
genetic damage基因损伤
2 environmental stresses环境压力
3 in-built mechanism内在机制
4 stem cells干细胞
5 DNA damage DNA损伤
6 programmed cell death 程序性细胞死亡
7 propagation传播
8 safeguard mechanism 保护机制
9 plant development 植物发育
10 agricultural science 农业科学
11 climate change 气候变化
（二）长难句分析
1 Plants have small populations of stem cells at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime.
成分分析：主句为“Plants have stem cells”，非限定性定语从句“which...”解释干细胞功能。
中文意思：植物根茎尖端有少量干细胞，使其能在一生中持续生长并产生新组织。
2 Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed.
成分分析：Given 是过去分词作状语，表示“考虑到……”或“鉴于……”， safeguards are necessary是句子主干部分，to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed是不定式做目的状语。中文意思：鉴于干细胞的关键作用及其在根茎尖端暴露于潜在危险环境，有必要进行必要的保护措施是，以防止干细胞的缺陷被永久固化。
3 When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues.
成分分析：这是一个复合句，when引导时间状语从句，to detect it and cause programmed cells to die” 是动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 the capacity；现在分词短语preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues作结果状语。
中文意思：当DNA发生损伤时，细胞有能力检测到这种损伤，并促使程序性细胞死亡，从而防止受损的遗传密码传播到植物的其他组织中。
4 So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
成分分析：这是一个复合句，主句部分是主系表结构，knowledge is of fundamental significance; how plants deal with these stresses引导宾语从句，充当介词of的宾语。
中文意思：因此，了解植物如何应对这些压力，对农业科学应对气候变化具有根本性意义。
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever woken up at midnight with upsetting thoughts Maybe you argued with your partner. Perhaps you are worrying about an interview. These are common in our life. But they can make it hard to see reality as it is. 36 And thus we may lose sleep and have trouble concentrating. The following methods are helpful.
37 This method has the benefit of revealing the temporary nature of your thoughts. It can also help to make it easier to let them go. There are many mindfulness practices that might help with this. For example, a simple breath meditation may do the trick. Thoughts can still come into your head as you practice this.
Try to move preferably outside. Physical exercise can be helpful. 38 Walking in the woods can reduce rumination(沉思) more than walking along a road for the same amount of time. If we go out walking, it may help to keep our attention on our surroundings and prevent troubling thoughts from cropping up.
Stop feeding the fire and redirect your attention. If we' re ruminating over things, we may need to focus on better things. We can take a break from social media and practice gratitude for the good in our lives. We can also take action with like-minded people. 39
Talk to a trusted person or maybe a therapist. We can turn to others for help. Whether they do it with humor or by offering wisdom, sometimes getting an outsider's perspective can help us a lot. 40 If we don't have such kind of people, seeing a therapist might be our best option.
A. Push away our negative thoughts.
B. Learn to practice mindful awareness.
C. Being outside in nature is one of the best ways.
D. They will keep us locked into negative thinking patterns.
E. We need to give ourselves some space and not assume the worst.
F. These can help reduce our worry while pointing us in a right direction.
G. We should try to find the right person who can listen well and offer empathy.
文章体裁：说明文
主题语境：人与自我
语篇导读：生活中常见的烦恼，如争吵或面试焦虑，会影响我们看清现实。这些情绪可能导致失眠和注意力不集中。文章介绍了几种应对方法：练习正念冥想、到户外活动、转移注意力以及与他人交流。这些方法有助于缓解焦虑，摆脱消极思维模式，帮助我们更好地应对压力。
试题解析：
D。 根据上文的"Have you ever woken up at midnight with upsetting thoughts Maybe you argued with your partner. Perhaps you are worrying about an interview. These are common in our life. But they can make it hard to see reality as it is.(你是否曾在半夜被烦心事惊醒？也许你和你的伴侣吵架了。也许你在担心面试。这些在我们的生活中很常见。但它们会让人很难看清现实。)”"和下文的"And thus we may lose sleep and have trouble concentrating.(因此，我们可能会失眠，难以集中注意力)”可知，空格处的内容应与“半夜胡思乱想带来的影响”有关。比较选项可知，D项“They will keep us locked into negative thinking patterns.它们会让我们陷入消极的思维模式”符合。
37. B。根据下文“There are many mindfulnes practices that might help with this.(有许多正念练习可能有助于解决这个问题)”可知，本段主要讲的是正念练习(mindfuliness practices)给人们带来的益处。因此空格处的内容应与此方面的内容有关。比较选项可知，B项“ Learn to practice mindful awareness.学会练习正念意识”符合。
38. C。根据小标题“Try to move preferably outside.(最好到外面去)"和下文的" Walking in the woods can reduce rumination(沉思) more than walking along a road for the same amount of time.(在树林里散步比在路上走同样长的时间更能减少沉思)”可知，空格处的内容应与“人们要经常到户外进行体育锻炼”有关。比较选项可知，C项“Being outside in nature is one of the best ways.置身大自然是最好的方式之一”符合。
39. F。根据小标题“Stop feeding the fire and redirect your attention.(别再火上浇油了，转移你的注意力)"和上文的"We can take a break from social media and practice gratitude for the good in our lives. We can also take action with like-minded people.(我们可以暂时离开社交媒体，对生活中的美好事物心存感激。我们也可以和志同道合的人一起采取行动。)”可知，空格处的内容应与“我们采取的措施带来的益处”有关。比较选项可知，F项“These can help reduce our worry while pointing us in a right direction.这些可以帮助我们减少忧虑，同时为我们指明正确的方向”符合，选项中的“These”指的是上文提到的措施。
40. G。根据小标题“Talk to a trusted person or maybe a therapist.(和你信任的人或者心理医生谈谈)”和上文的"Whether they do it with humor or by offering wisdom, sometimes getting an outsider s perspective can help us a lot.(不管他们是带着幽默还是提供智慧，有时候从局外人的角度来看问题会对我们有很大帮助。)”和下文的"If we don t have such kind of people, seeing a therapist might be our best option.(如果我们没有这样的人，看心理医生可能是我们最好的选择)”可知，空格处的内容应与“通过与信任的人交流来解决问题”有关。比较选项可知，G项“ We should try to find the right person who can listen well and offer empathy.我们应该试着找到一个合适的人，他能很好地倾听并提供同理心“符合。
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace 41 who leads a team at the NASA laboratory 42 for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探测器).
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to ____43____ exploring it That’s a tale of ____44____ written in the stars.
Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Trujillo was 45 of her enthusiasm for science. But she doubted how far she’ d be able to 46 in a male-dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she ____47____ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping ____48____ to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her ____49____. But she didn’t _____50____. “I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”
Then came another 51 moment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be ______52______ to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.
This February, when the Perseverance rover ______53______ on the surface of Mars, it was accompanied by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language ______54______.
Trujillo’s own story is ______55______ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
41. A. sponsor B. ambassador C. engineer D. leader
42. A. suitable B. responsible C. capable D. remarkable
43. A. actually B. gradually C. accurately D. repeatedly
44. A. curiosity B. kindness C. enthusiasm D. talent
45. A. certain B. anxious C. content D. fond
46. A. adapt B. motivate C. rise D. apply
47. A. made up B. brightened up C. picked up D. took up
48. A. measures B. events C. jobs D. steps
49. A. studies B. teachings C. lectures D. investigations
50. A. commit B. conclude C. compete D. complain
51. A. life-changing B. goal-setting C. eye-opening D. heart-warming
52. A. connected B. admitted C. arranged D. planned
53. A. stressed B. produced C. landed D. touched
54. A. advertisement B. broadcast C. comment D. performance
55. A. truth B. information C. conclusion D. proof
答案
41-45 CBACA 46-50 CDCAD 51-55 ABCBD
文章体裁：记叙文
主题语境：人与自我
语篇导读：文章讲述了哥伦比亚女孩特鲁希略的励志故事。她自小热爱科学，虽面临性别和经济困境，但抓住父亲送她去迈阿密的机会，靠做家政完成学业，后成为首位进入美国宇航局学院的西语裔女性，还参与了火星探测器工作，她的经历证明努力能带来机遇。
试题解析：
41. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，特鲁希略是一位航空航天领域的工程师，他领导着美国宇航局实验室的一个团队，这个团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. sponsor赞助者；B. ambassador大使；C. engineer工程师；D. leader领导者。由上文“For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible.（对于一个在哥伦比亚长大的小女孩来说，在美国宇航局从事科学事业似乎是不可能的。）”和下文“who leads a team at the NASA laborator”可知，特鲁希略是一位工程师，故选C。
42. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，特鲁希略是一位航空航天领域的工程师，他领导着美国宇航局实验室的一个团队，这个团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。A. suitable合适的；B. responsible负责任的；C. capable有能力的；D. remarkable显著的。由上文“who leads a team at the NASA laboratory”和下文“for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover”可知，美国宇航局实验室的这个团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。故选B。
43. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：特鲁希略是如何从单纯的宇宙梦想转变为实际探索宇宙的？A. actually事实上；B. gradually逐渐地；C. accurately准确地；D. repeatedly重复地。由上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to”和第一段提到的特鲁希略现在是一位航天领域的工程师，即现在在探索宇宙，由此可知，此处指她从单纯的宇宙梦想转变为实际探索宇宙了，故选A。
44. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一个在星空中书写的激情故事。A. curiosity好奇；B. kindness善良；C. enthusiasm热情；激情；D. talent天赋。由上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to”和下文“of her enthusiasm for science”可知，她对探索星空充满了激情，故选C。
45. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：特鲁希略出生于 1983 年，当她还是个小女孩时，她就坚信自己对科学的热情。A. certain确定的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. content满意的；D. fond喜欢的。由下文“of her enthusiasm for science.”可知，她在小时候就坚信自己对科学的热情，故选A。
46. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她怀疑自己在男性主导的领域能走多远，地位能提高多少。A. adapt适应；B. motivate激励；C. rise升起；提高；D. apply应用。由上文“But she doubted how far she'd be able to”可知，此处指她不知道自己在男性主导的领域能走多远，地位能提高多少。故选C。
47. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：当时年仅 17 岁的她接受了这个建议。A. made up弥补；B. brightened up变得更加明亮；C. picked up捡起；D. took up从事；接受（挑战、任务等）。由上文“Then her dad offered to send her to Miami.（然后她爸爸提出要送她去迈阿密。）”和下文“the offer.”可知，她接受爸爸让她去迈阿密这个建议，故选D。
48. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：特鲁希略从事了一系列家政工作，以完成迈阿密戴德学院的学业。A. measures方法；B. events事件；C. jobs工作；D. steps步骤。由下文“Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way（有时她打扫浴室来帮助支付她的学费。）”可知，她从事了一系列家政工作来赚钱帮助自己完成学业，故选C。
49. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有时她会打扫浴室以支付学费。A. studies学习；B. teachings教学；C. lectures讲座；D. investigations调查。由上文“to put herself through Miami Dade College.”可知，她作家政工作是为了赚钱支付学费，故选A。
50. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她没有抱怨。A. commit投入；B. conclude总结；C. compete竞争；D. complain抱怨。由下文“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity（我把一切都看作是机会。）”可知，她将自己从事家政工作来转取学费这种事看成是一个机会，这说明她自己做家政工作并没有抱怨，故选D。
51. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后又一个改变人生的时刻到来了。A. life-changing 改变人生的；B. goal-setting设定目标的；B. eye-opening令人瞠目的；D. heart-warming暖心的。由下文“She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be (12) to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.（她成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。后来，她成为美国宇航局戈达德太空飞行中心的一名工程师。）”可知，改变她人生的时刻到来了，故选A。
52. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她成为第一位被美国宇航局学院录取的西班牙裔女性。A. connected联系；B. admitted承认；准许进入；C. arranged安排；D. planned计划。由下文“to the NASA Academy.”可知，她被美国宇航局学院录取，be admitted to固定搭配，意为“被录取”，故选B。
53. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：今年二月，当毅力号火星车接触火星表面时，特鲁希略在美国宇航局有史以来第一次西班牙语广播中发表了解说。A. stressed强调；B. produced生产；C. landed落地；D. touched触碰。由下文“on the surface of Mars”可知，此处指毅力号火星车接触火星表面，故选C。
54. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：今年二月，当毅力号火星车接触火星表面时，特鲁希略在美国宇航局有史以来第一次西班牙语广播中发表了解说。A. advertisement广告；B. broadcast广播；C. comment评论；D. performance表演。由上文“it was accompanied by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language ”可知，此处在在广播中做解说，故选B。
55. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：特鲁希略自己故事证明，在障碍之外，存在着整个宇宙的机会，等待着任何愿意努力工作以获得星星的人。A. truth事实；B. information信息；C. conclusion总结；D. proof证据；证明。由下文“ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.”可知，她的故事证明，在障碍之外，存在着整个宇宙的机会，等待着任何愿意努力工作以获得星星的人。故选D。
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Throughout history, China has maintained a deep connection with ice and snow. Beyond simply bearing the harsh cold winter conditions, the Chinese people have learned 56____ (use), appreciate and enjoy the challenges of the season.
57 the 9th Asian Winter Games start in Harbin, let's take a journey through ancient China's ice and snow activities and explore the long-lasting winter traditions that 58 (be) popular for thousands of years.
59 (history) records from the Tang Dynasty (618–907) mention ice skating, with the New Book of Tang describing hunters 60 (slide) across ice using wooden boards tied to their feet in pursuit of prey. By the Song Dynasty (960–1279), ice skating had developed 60 a practical means of transportation and hunting to a recreational activity. During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), it gained recognition as 62 official court sport. Ice skating reached new ______63 (high) during the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911), when bingxi, an annual imperial winter activity, became a grand tradition after the winter solstice in late December.
The earliest ice skates in ancient China were 64 (primary) crafted from horse shinbones. Over time, wooden ice skates emerged, 65 (follow) by wooden ice skates with iron fittings. By the late Qing Dynasty, ice skates were fully made of iron.
文章体裁：说明文
主题语境：人与自然
语篇导读：文章围绕中国与冰雪的渊源展开。指出中国人不仅适应寒冬，还学会利用、欣赏冰雪。通过追溯从唐到清各朝代的冰雪活动，如滑冰从实用到娱乐、宫廷运动的演变，展现中国悠久的冰雪传统。
试题解析：
56. to use。“learn to do sth.”为固定用法，意为“学习做某事”，所以此处用 to use。
57. As/When。根据语境，这里表示“当第九届亚洲冬季运动会在哈尔滨开幕时”，As 或 When 引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候”，故填 As/When。
58. have been。根据时间状语“for thousands of years”可知，此处应用现在完成时，表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态，主语“winter traditions”是复数，所以用 have been。
59. Historical。此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词“records”，historical 意为“历史的”，故填 Historical。
60. sliding。“describe sb. doing sth.”为固定用法，意为“描述某人正在做某事”，所以用 sliding。
61. from。“from...to...”为固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，这里表示滑冰从一种实用的交通和狩猎方式发展成一种娱乐活动，故填 from。
62. an。“official”是以元音音素开头的单词，此处表示“一项官方的宫廷运动”，应用不定冠词 an 修饰，故填 an。
63. heights。“reach new heights”为固定短语，意为“达到新的高度”，height 表示“高度”时常用复数形式，故填 heights。
64. primarily。此处应用副词修饰动词“crafted”，primarily 意为“主要地”，故填 primarily。
65. followed。“wooden ice skates”与“follow”之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，所以填 followed。
第四部分 写作(共两节 满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，学校编辑部正在征集关于健康的英文稿件，你想就高中生近视(nearsightedness) 问题投稿，具体要点如下：
（1）简述高中生近视现状；
（2）分析近视形成的原因；
（3）提出视力保护的建议。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文
Dear editor,
My name is Li Hua. My topic today deals with the problem of nearsightedness in students.
① At present, an increasing number of students wear glasses and some even in high degree, which worries themselves a lot. In my opinion, there are mainly three reasons. First, their ways of using eyes are not healthy. Second, because of the high pressure of study, they often study for too long without any break. Third, some spend too much time before televisions or computers.
However, much can be done to protect our eyesight. When reading, make sure we are in bright places and let our eyes rest every hour. ② Whenever we are free, we can do some eye exercises so that our tired eyes can be restored quickly.
Yours,
Li Hua
【思路点拨】
本文要求写一篇英文稿件，话题为高中生近视问题，人称主要为第一人称和第三人称，时态主要为一般现在时。写作时应注意词汇的选择和句式的准确使用，可适当添加一定的衔接词，以使行文连贯。
【亮点词汇】
①deal with处理；涉及
②make sure确保
【高分句型】
①At present, an increasing number of students wear glasses and some even in high degree, which worries themselves a lot.（which引导非限制性定语从句）
②Whenever we are free, we can do some eye exercises so that our tired eyes can be restored quickly.（Whenever引导让步状语从句；so that引导目的状语从句）
【结构布局】
引言：说明稿件的主题
中心：高中生近视现状和形成的原因
结尾：提出视力保护的建议
【拓展词汇】
①touch on/upon涉及，谈及
②with the purpose/aim/intention of目的是
【拓展句型】
①Taking proper measures to deal with pressure is of great importance.采取适当的措施处理压力很重要。
②People are beginning to attach more importance to their eye health these days than ever before.如今人们比以往更重视用眼卫生。
第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had been swimming competitively for five years but after such a long time, I was ready to quit. I was often the only African American at the swimming competitions and our team couldn't afford good uniforms. However, my number-one reason for wanting to quit was that I kept receiving "Honorable Mentions (荣誉奖)". Any athlete knows that you don't want to have a bookshelf full of "Honorable Mentions", which you get just because you showed up.
One summer's day, the day before a big swim meet, I decided to break the news to my grandma that I was quitting the swim team. When I told her, she looked me in the eye and said, "Baby, remember these words 'Quitters never win and winners never quit.' Your grandmother didn't raise losers or quitters. You go to that meet tomorrow, and you swim like you are a grandchild of mine, you hear " I was too afraid to say anything but "Yes, ma'am".
The next day we arrived at the swim meet late, missing my group of swimmers in the 15/16 age group. My coach insisted I be allowed to swim with the older group. I knew she was including me in the race so our journey to the meet would not be wasted, and she had no expectations whatsoever that I would come in anything but eighth place and only that, because there weren't nine lanes.
As I was mounting the board, all the other girls looked at me. I quickly noticed that these girls were all here to do just one thing — beat me. All of a sudden, my grandma's words rang in my head, "Quitters never win and winners never quit. You swim like you are a grandchild of mine. Quitters never win and winners never quit." "Yes, Grandma, I will swim like I am a grandchild of yours," I said to myself.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: SPLASH! I swam harder than I had ever swum before.
Paragraph 2: It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me.
参考范文
SPLASH! I swam harder than I had ever swum before. After the first flip turn, I was surprised to find that I had a half-body length lead over the other girls. However, they soon sped up and narrowed the gap. Halfway through the race, the girl to my left almost drew level with me, while I already began to feel tired. At that moment, the powerful words of my grandma echoed again in my ears, "Quitters never win and winners never quit. " I willed my arms and legs to keep swimming and used every last bit of strength to swim the last 50 meters. As soon as I touched the wall, I looked up at the screen, waiting anxiously for the result.
It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me. I saw my time on the screen but could hardly believe it—mine was at the top of the list! My coach ran to me and hugged me tightly when I got out of the water. Narrow victory as it was, I did win my first real trophy that day. Everything felt like a dream as I stood on the winner's podium, weeping tears of joy. Back at home, I delightedly replaced the "Honorable Mentions" on my shelf with the new trophy. "Yes, Grandma, you're right. Quitters never win and winners never quit. "
试题解析
【原文大意】
本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者已经参加了五年的游泳比赛，准备退出，因为觉得自己很糟糕，但奶奶让作者坚持下去。第二天作者来到比赛地点，没有赶上作者15/16岁年龄组的游泳选手。教练坚持允许作者和年龄大一些的人一起游泳。当作者登上跳板时想起了奶奶的话。
【段落续写】
①根据第一段首句“扑通一声！我游得比以前任何时候都努力”可知，本段应讲述作者比赛的经过和心理活动。
②根据第二段首句“就在那时，我听到了周围的掌声和欢呼声”可知，本段应讲述作者打破了17/18 400自由泳的全国纪录，以及作者获胜后的感想。
【续写线索】
作者努力游泳——一个女孩加快速度——我感到疲惫——想起奶奶的鼓励——拼尽全力——听到欢呼声和掌声——排在了榜首——打破了纪录——站在领奖台上——喜极而泣
【词汇激活】
行为类
① 拥抱某人：hug sb./take sb. in one's arms
② 放弃：quit/give up
情绪类
① 惊讶的：surprised/astonished
② 疲倦的：tired/exhausted
③ 焦虑的：anxious/worried/tense
【高分句型】
①After the first flip turn, I was surprised to find that I had a half-body length lead over the other girls.（that引导宾语从句）
②My coach ran to me and hugged me tightly when I got out of the water.（when引导时间状语从句）常德市一中2025上学期高二英语核心素养测评
第一部分 听力 (共两节，满分 30分)
第一节 (共5小题: 每小题 1.5 分，满分 7.5 分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What is the woman’s plan for the weekend
A. To visit relatives. B. To relax at home. C. To clean the house.
2. Where does the conversation take place
A. In a car. B. In a test room. C. At the railway station.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about
A. A hotel booking. B. A family gathering. C. A travel plan.
4. How does the woman sound
A. Worried. B. Calm. C. Angry.
5. What does the woman suggest the man do
A. Go for lunch. B. Have a break. C. Sit by the window.
第二节 (共15小题: 每小题 1.5 分，满分 22.5 分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How many classes did Tommy have a day in the third grade
A. Eight. B. Six. C. Five.
7. What did Tommy do in the afternoon
A. He introduced himself. B. He took a history class. C. He got new books.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. Why does the boy need a new uniform
A. He has grown taller. B. He has joined a new team. C. He has worn out his old uniform.
9. When will the speakers go shopping
A. This Saturday. B. This Friday. C. This Thursday.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Why does the man come to the woman
A. To extend an invitation. B. To express thanks. C. To seek advice.
11. What kind of movies does the woman like
A. Love movies. B. Adventure movies. C. Action movies.
12. What will the man do next
A. Visit his friend. B. Pick a movie. C. Make a call.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Why does the woman want the man to close the window
A. Because of the cold weather.
B. Because of the annoying smell.
C. Because of the outside noise.
14. Which aspect of the neighborhood attracted the speakers at first
A. The nice park. B. The big parking lot. C. The good barbecue restaurant.
15. What does the man like about the neighborhood
A. Its facilities. B. Its transportation. C. Its natural environment.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers
A. Neighbors. B. Husband and wife. C. Friends.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. Where does Janice come from
A. Spain. B. Russia. C. Italy.
18. Which of the following words best describes Janice
A. Careful. B. Creative. C. Brave.
19. What did Janice see in the forest
A. A bear. B. A lion. C. An elephant.
20. How did Janice’s father make a living
A. He trained animals. B. He treated animals. C. He raised animals.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分）
第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A
Participating in art competitions is essential for students to gain formal recognition and impress college admission officers. Today, we have a list of art competitions on regional, national, and international scales.
EarthX Eco-Art Competition
It invites young artists aged 5-22 to create 2-D or 3-D art that illustrates the theme: Protectors for the Planet. The theme can be interpreted in various ways, including individuals taking action towards a more sustainable planet, or highlighting the efforts of environmental leaders working to sustain ecosystems.
Deadline: March 8, 2024
The Children’s Drawing Contest
Sponsored by International Certification Organization Network, the contest, whose theme this year is “Passing on Our Precious Earth to The Future”, invites children aged 7-15 worldwide to draw the kind of natural environment they would like to live in. 48 winners will receive special memorabilia. All entrants will receive a participation prize. Medium: Drawings with any type of paint, pastel, etc.
Deadline: May 31, 2024
Science without Borders Challenge
The competition is open to children and young people under the age of 16. We welcome entries from both groups and individuals to create art to promote public awareness of the need to preserve, protect, and restore nature. The theme is “The Sixth Extinction” and you can focus on the protection of endangered species. Acceptable media include paint, pencil, marker, crayon, ink, felt, and oil pastel.
Deadline: March 4, 2024
The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards
The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards, the longest-running literary and art competition in the US, provides opportunities and academic awards for creative young people to express their talent. The theme this year is “Tell Your Climate Story”. Students in the 9th to 12th grades can submit poetry, fiction and nonfiction to show their understanding of environmental issues.
Deadline: June 10, 2024
21. On which date can participants send their entries to EarthX Eco-Art Competition
A. May 6, 2024. B. March 15, 2024.
C. April 28, 2024. D. February 9, 2024.
22. Which competition best suits teenagers good at writing poems
A. EarthX Eco-Art Competition. B. The Children’s Drawing Contest.
C. Science without Borders Challenge. D. The Scholastic Art and Writing Awards.
23. What do the four competitions have in common
A. They target students under the age of 20.
B. They are about environmental protection.
C. They require participants to write a story.
D. They only accept entries from individuals.
B
On Dec.26, Gelinne was having a cup of coffee at home, gazing out at frozen Beards River. Suddenly, his daughter cried “Look!” Gelinne looked up just in time to see a small aircraft a few hundred yards away, coming down.
As the plane disappeared behind the trees, Gelinne, a former sailor, realized it would land in the river. Without hesitation, he ran down to the waterfront. The plane had slid to a stop on the broad, frozen river, far from shore, sinking. The pilot was standing on the wing. Gelinne knew from his previous training that even a few minutes in the icy water could kill the pilot.
Gelinne tested the ice with his foot and decided not to take any chances walking on it. So he and his son, John, pulled two kayaks (皮划艇) out. “If it can float on the water, it can slide on the ice,” Gelinne said.
The kayaks’ paddles (桨) proved too weak, so the pair tried using sticks to push the boats along. Their first attempts left them spinning in circles. But with effort, they made progress. When Gelinne reached the plane, the pilot was standing on a tail wing, surrounded by open water. Gelinne pushed his kayak off the ice and into the water, paddling toward the pilot and thinking, “What if he panics What if I fall over ”
With his son nearby, Gelinne focused on keeping the pilot calm, joking, “Just hang on to the kayak as if you were hugging your wife.” The pilot grabbed the kayak’s bow. Gelinne knew he had to get the pilot onto the shelf of unbroken ice. But each time Gelinne tried, the kayak broke through the ice. He needed help.
Soon a police officer arrived and radioed for help. A boat from the local Department of Natural Resources appeared. It picked up the pilot, Steve 71, and rushed him to safety, who would be treated for minor injuries. Later the boat returned to help Gelinne, exhausted, to shore.
The boat had arrived just in time, Gelinne recalled. “I’m 60 years old,” he says. “There was no way I could get him to shore.” Still, he was satisfied.
24. What was Gelinne’s first reaction to the air crash
A. Hesitant. B. Concerned. C. Scared. D. Surprised.
25. What can be learned from paragraph 4
A. The plane had sunk to the bottom. B. The pilot was nearly frozen to death.
C. The kayaks got stuck in floating ice. D. The rescue was tougher than expected.
26. Why did Gelinne need help
A. Because his son didn’t help him. B. Because the kayaks were broken.
C. Because the ice wasn’t solid enough. D. Because the pilot was too exhausted.
27. Which of the following can best describe Gelinne
A. Honest and independent. B. Modest and intelligent.
C. Helpful and humorous. D. Generous and cautious.
C
A recent survey in the US found that Gen Z ers and Millennials (千禧一代)visit libraries more often than their parents or grandparents. The young love libraries because they are secure, comfortable, free and—as my 11 year old would say—“aesthetic”. This means they look good in the background of an Instagram post or TikTok video. It's also a great place to meet people. If you're both young and in a library, chances are you have similar interests.
And then, too, there are the books. Gen Z ers are turning out to be big readers, especially of paper books. Even though, or perhaps because, they have in their pockets the most limitlessly distracting devices ever invented, many are deliberately(故意地) choosing to pick up a piece of 15th century technology instead. They like the fact that books are complete in themselves and require focused attention.
There is, sometimes, a sense of nostalgic (怀旧的) cosplay in the way young people read. In New York, for example, the latest TikTok fuelled craze (狂热) is reading with strangers in bars. You have to buy a ticket in advance, and then you all gather and sit in silence for 30 minutes, reading whatever book you've brought along. It is like an expensive version of going to the library, except that afterwards you all have a drink and talk about books.
To me, reading is a private pleasure, while screens—TV or cinema—are social. I did once, in a group of ambitious parenting, introduce a “family reading hour”， during which my husband and children were pressed to join me at the fireside for some silent reading. It could not have felt more performative if we had dressed up in top hats and old fashioned clothes.
But still, I'd like to praise these young readers—for knowing what is good for them, for seeking out human connection, for finding the beauty and pleasure in old institutions, and for bringing new life to the library.
28. What contributes to the young generation's preference for libraries
A. High technology. B. Pressure from parents.
C. Favorable environment. D. Popularity of social media.
29. Why is the latest TikTok fuelled craze mentioned
A. To introduce a popular culture.
B. To highlight an old way of reading.
C. To stress the importance of reading in silence.
D. To show another cause for youngsters’ reading enthusiasm.
30. Which is the writer's opinion about reading
A. Reading should be done silently. B. Reading should be enjoyed alone.
C. Reading should be a way of parenting. D. Reading should be a way of socializing.
31. Which of the following is the best title for the text
A. Benefits of library reading
B. The young generation's shared interest
C. The Gen Z’s way to bring new life to libraries
D. Conflicted approaches to reading among teenagers
D
Scientists have shown how plants can protect themselves against genetic damage caused by environmental stresses. The growing tips of plant roots and shoots have an in-built mechanism (机制) that spells cell death if DNA damage is detected, avoiding passing on faulty DNA.
Plants have small populations of stem cells (干细胞) at the tips of their roots and shoots, which enable them to continuously grow and produce new tissues throughout their lifetime. These stem cells serve as ancestors for plant tissues and organs. However, any genetic faults present in the stem cells will continue to exist and be passed on permanently throughout the plant’s life, which could last thousands of years.
Given the critical role of stem cells and their exposure to potentially dangerous environments at the growing tips of roots and shoots, safeguards are necessary to prevent stem cell faults from becoming fixed. Researchers Nick Fulcher and Robert Sablowski, funded by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council, aimed to uncover these protective mechanisms. Through experiments involving X-rays and chemicals, they discovered that stem cells were more sensitive to DNA damage compared to other cells.
When DNA damage occurs, the cells have the capacity to detect it and cause programmed cells to die, preventing the propagation of the damaged genetic code to the rest of the plant tissues. This process has similarities to the safeguard mechanism found in animal cells, which has been broadly studied due to its relevance in preventing cancer.
The identification of a similar protective system in plants is of great interest in the field of plant development. It also helps scientists develop plants that can better handle environmental stress. So knowledge of how plants deal with these stresses is of fundamental significance to agricultural science’s response to climate change.
32. What is the function of the in-built mechanism in plants
A. To produce more roots and shoots.
B. To increase the overall lifetime of the plant.
C. To enhance plant growth and nutrient intake.
D. To stop genetic faults in stem cells passing on.
33. What can we know about stem cells in plants according to the text
A. They are relatively abundant in quantity.
B. They are resistant to environmental stresses.
C. They make quick response to DNA damage.
D. They have the ability to repair damaged DNA.
34. What does the underlined word “propagation” in paragraph 4 mean
A. Spread. B. Change. C. Existence. D. Self-repair.
35. What does the last paragraph focus on
A. The way of dealing with climate change on the earth.
B. The significance of identifying the protective system in plants.
C. The method of ensuring plant survival under environmental stress.
D. The urgency of developing plants that can handle environmental stress.
第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Have you ever woken up at midnight with upsetting thoughts Maybe you argued with your partner. Perhaps you are worrying about an interview. These are common in our life. But they can make it hard to see reality as it is. 36 And thus we may lose sleep and have trouble concentrating. The following methods are helpful.
37 This method has the benefit of revealing the temporary nature of your thoughts. It can also help to make it easier to let them go. There are many mindfulness practices that might help with this. For example, a simple breath meditation may do the trick. Thoughts can still come into your head as you practice this.
Try to move preferably outside. Physical exercise can be helpful. 38 Walking in the woods can reduce rumination(沉思) more than walking along a road for the same amount of time. If we go out walking, it may help to keep our attention on our surroundings and prevent troubling thoughts from cropping up.
Stop feeding the fire and redirect your attention. If we' re ruminating over things, we may need to focus on better things. We can take a break from social media and practice gratitude for the good in our lives. We can also take action with like-minded people. 39
Talk to a trusted person or maybe a therapist. We can turn to others for help. Whether they do it with humor or by offering wisdom, sometimes getting an outsider's perspective can help us a lot. 40 If we don't have such kind of people, seeing a therapist might be our best option.
A. Push away our negative thoughts.
B. Learn to practice mindful awareness.
C. Being outside in nature is one of the best ways.
D. They will keep us locked into negative thinking patterns.
E. We need to give ourselves some space and not assume the worst.
F. These can help reduce our worry while pointing us in a right direction.
G. We should try to find the right person who can listen well and offer empathy.
第三部分 语言运用（共两节, 满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）
阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
For a little girl growing up in Colombia, a science career with NASA may seem impossible. Trujillo, however, is an aerospace 41 who leads a team at the NASA laboratory 42 for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover (火星探测器).
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to ____43____ exploring it That’s a tale of ____44____ written in the stars.
Born in 1983, even as a young girl, Trujillo was 45 of her enthusiasm for science. But she doubted how far she’ d be able to 46 in a male-dominated field. Then her dad offered to send her to Miami. Only 17 at the time, she ____47____ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping ____48____ to put herself through Miami Dade College. Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her ____49____. But she didn’t _____50____. “I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”
Then came another 51 moment. She became the first Hispanic (西班牙语国家的) woman to be ______52______ to the NASA Academy. Later, she became an engineer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center.
This February, when the Perseverance rover ______53______ on the surface of Mars, it was accompanied by commentary (解说) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language ______54______.
Trujillo’s own story is ______55______ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
41. A. sponsor B. ambassador C. engineer D. leader
42. A. suitable B. responsible C. capable D. remarkable
43. A. actually B. gradually C. accurately D. repeatedly
44. A. curiosity B. kindness C. enthusiasm D. talent
45. A. certain B. anxious C. content D. fond
46. A. adapt B. motivate C. rise D. apply
47. A. made up B. brightened up C. picked up D. took up
48. A. measures B. events C. jobs D. steps
49. A. studies B. teachings C. lectures D. investigations
50. A. commit B. conclude C. compete D. complain
51. A. life-changing B. goal-setting C. eye-opening D. heart-warming
52. A. connected B. admitted C. arranged D. planned
53. A. stressed B. produced C. landed D. touched
54. A. advertisement B. broadcast C. comment D. performance
55. A. truth B. information C. conclusion D. proof
第二节 (共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Throughout history, China has maintained a deep connection with ice and snow. Beyond simply bearing the harsh cold winter conditions, the Chinese people have learned 56____ (use), appreciate and enjoy the challenges of the season.
57 the 9th Asian Winter Games start in Harbin, let's take a journey through ancient China's ice and snow activities and explore the long-lasting winter traditions that 58 (be) popular for thousands of years.
59 (history) records from the Tang Dynasty (618–907) mention ice skating, with the New Book of Tang describing hunters 60 (slide) across ice using wooden boards tied to their feet in pursuit of prey. By the Song Dynasty (960–1279), ice skating had developed 60 a practical means of transportation and hunting to a recreational activity. During the Ming Dynasty (1368-1644), it gained recognition as 62 official court sport. Ice skating reached new ______63 (high) during the Qing Dynasty (1644–1911), when bingxi, an annual imperial winter activity, became a grand tradition after the winter solstice in late December.
The earliest ice skates in ancient China were 64 (primary) crafted from horse shinbones. Over time, wooden ice skates emerged, 65 (follow) by wooden ice skates with iron fittings. By the late Qing Dynasty, ice skates were fully made of iron.
第四部分 写作(共两节 满分40分)
第一节 应用文写作 (满分15分)
假定你是李华，学校编辑部正在征集关于健康的英文稿件，你想就高中生近视(nearsightedness) 问题投稿，具体要点如下：
（1）简述高中生近视现状；
（2）分析近视形成的原因；
（3）提出视力保护的建议。
注意：
（1）词数80左右；
（2）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear editor,
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写(满分 25 分)
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
I had been swimming competitively for five years but after such a long time, I was ready to quit. I was often the only African American at the swimming competitions and our team couldn't afford good uniforms. However, my number-one reason for wanting to quit was that I kept receiving "Honorable Mentions (荣誉奖)". Any athlete knows that you don't want to have a bookshelf full of "Honorable Mentions", which you get just because you showed up.
One summer's day, the day before a big swim meet, I decided to break the news to my grandma that I was quitting the swim team. When I told her, she looked me in the eye and said, "Baby, remember these words 'Quitters never win and winners never quit.' Your grandmother didn't raise losers or quitters. You go to that meet tomorrow, and you swim like you are a grandchild of mine, you hear " I was too afraid to say anything but "Yes, ma'am".
The next day we arrived at the swim meet late, missing my group of swimmers in the 15/16 age group. My coach insisted I be allowed to swim with the older group. I knew she was including me in the race so our journey to the meet would not be wasted, and she had no expectations whatsoever that I would come in anything but eighth place and only that, because there weren't nine lanes.
As I was mounting the board, all the other girls looked at me. I quickly noticed that these girls were all here to do just one thing — beat me. All of a sudden, my grandma's words rang in my head, "Quitters never win and winners never quit. You swim like you are a grandchild of mine. Quitters never win and winners never quit." "Yes, Grandma, I will swim like I am a grandchild of yours," I said to myself.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Paragraph 1: SPLASH! I swam harder than I had ever swum before.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2: It was then that I heard the claps and cheers around me.
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