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读后续写-写作指导
读后续写一些注意点：
1.续写两个段落的开头语应该与所给文章关联;续写第段开头语应与续写第一段结尾关联;适当可以考虑首尾照应,升华主题!(逆向思维-以主题结局定情节)
2续写段落不应该无缘无故增加新人物来解决故事的问题。
3.续写的内容应积极向上、彰显核心价值观和正能量;故事一般都是 Happy ending;
读后续写-------情节
读懂原文
记叙文要素
角色
视角
时空线
情节线
语言句式/风格
线索
主题
情节提纲：
三衔接： 提示句A。_衔接1+过渡句_+衔接2________
提示句B。__衔接3+过渡句+结尾主题______
衔接1------对提示句1中的某个词进行提问，由答案得出衔接句1.
过渡句推演：由两个衔接句推测中间一句
衔接2-----对提示句2的某个词提问，由答案得出衔接句2.
衔接3-----对提示句2的某个词提问，由答案得出衔接句3.
细节丰富 ARE原则 action response emotion
情节中的一个角色的action会导致另一个角色的反应response，并且会伴随情感emotion
细节丰富并非越来越好，因为次数限制，就需要把一些情节以概括陈述为主，然后细节描述，这样才能推动故事的完整。大量的细节描述或者对话都会导致虎头蛇尾，节奏拖沓，一定要注意。
读后续写-----主题
高考读后续写的文章情节一般很简单的，正因为如此，会有这种感觉：文章似乎平淡无奇，没写什么。而实际上，再简单的文章也会有主题。主题就是写作的灵魂，影响细节的发展
把主题类型分为以下四种：
一、“改变”类：从Negative到Positive
二、“冲突或问题”类：从Conflict或Problem到Solution
三、“脱险”类：从Dangerous到 Safe
四、“过程发展”类：从Beginning到Result
简单解释一下：
第一种：文章一开始通常描述主人公的消极的情绪或价值观，然后通过一件事认识到了自己的不对，并且正确地去做事。诸如：把爱心或善行传递下去（pay the kindness forward）。
第二种：文章先说主人公遇到的难题或和其他人产生的冲突，然后在某种启发下或在某人的助下解决了这个问题；或者被对方的行为感化后意识到自己的不对从而解决了冲突。这种占90％读者需要认真分析问题和途径，而主题通常就是蕴含在途径（solution）里。
第三种：文章的主人公遇到了危险，偶遇野兽攻击、火灾、困在水中、迷路等等，然后脱险。主就是体现在如何脱险的过程中，可能是勇敢、善良、机智等。
第四种：文章单纯描述一件事的过程和结果，这个结果可能比较有趣。
第一类---------主题类型的改变 从消极到积极
Fourteen Steps
They say a cat has nine lives, and I think that possible since I am now living my third life and I'm not even a cat.
My first life began on a clear, cold day in November, 1904, when I arrived as the sixth of eight children of a poor farming family.But then I was very happy, in excellent health. My wife and I became the parents of two lovely girls.
Life was a pleasant dream.
Then the dream ended and became one of those horrible nightmares that cause you to wake in a cold sweat in the middle of the night. I began to suffer from a rare disease of nerves,affecting first my right arm and leg, and then my other side.
Thus began my second life ...
In spite of my disease I still drove to and from work each day. And I managed to keep healthy and optimistic, to a degree, because of 14 steps.
Crazy Not at all.
Our home has 14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door． Here hobbled（跛行）a desperate cripple（瘸子），a man who held on because of 14 miserable steps leading up to the back door from his garage.
Then on a dark night, I began my third life. It was raining when I started from home that night and drove on one of the less-traveled roads. Suddenly one of the tires burst with a bang. I fought the car to a stop.
Then I remembered that a short distance up a little side road was a house. I drove slowly along until I came to the house. Lighted windows welcomed me as I pulled into the driveway.
The door opened and a little girl stood there. I told her that I had a flat tire and needed someone to change it for me because I had a crutch（拐杖）and couldn’t do it myself. She went into the house and a moment later came out,followed by a man who called a cheerful greeting.
I sat there comfortable and dry. The rain seemed to be easing a bit now, and I rolled down the window to watch.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
There followed a long interval of noises, but finally it was done.
He didn't take the bill and the little girl stepped closer and said quietly, “Grandpa can't see it.”
一．怎么读：
叙事 1．角色：I；a little girl，Grandpa 2．视角：第一人称 3．时空线：November 1904→married→second life 4．情节线：出生→结婚→患病→修车→（续写）车修好；修车人未收钱。 5．情感线：我：“happy”开心→“horrible＂恐惧→“comfortable ”舒适。 （2）综合以上信息，请概括大意。
语言 1．句式：非谓语动词；时间状语从句，形容词作状语。（3）请分别在文中标出来。 2．修辞：拟声“bang”。 3．风格：叙述平缓，心理描写很丰富。 （4）请在文章中将可能的线索都找出来。例如：．．．I am now living my third life．．．．（我的现状） 本文属于negative-positive部分：生病不屈服，车坏老人修：生活中到处有感人之处。
线索 主题
二．怎么写
1．续写情节的预测-321原则（3衔接、2过渡、1主题）；对关键词提问
第一段：（顺序：衔接句1,2→过渡句）
衔接1-对noises和it was done提问“做什么”：What did I notice？
过渡句推演：衔接1→？←衔接2
衔接2-根据didn’t take the bill提问“怎么做”：How did I handle it？
第二段：（顺序：主题句，衔接句3→过渡句）
衔接3-根据 Grandpa can＇t see it提问“怎么样”：How did I feel？
过渡句推演：衔接 --- ←主题
主题：I was grateful for being saved physically and mentally.
结合问题回答，初步写出提纲内容。
情节思路-ARE原则（Action、Response、Emotion）
第一段：车终于修好→①老人汗流浃背→②询问修车费用→③感谢与付款；
第二段：老人不收费，眼睛看不见→④我的感叹→⑤感谢后开车离开→⑥我决定帮助困境人。
情节答案：
There followed a long interval of noises, but finally it was done. ①I saw the old man sweating all over but pleased that he had changed the tire. ②I asked him how much it cost,but he would not accept it.③thanked them sincerely and handed the money to him again.
He didn't take the bill and the little girl stepped closer and said quietly,“Grandpa can't see it ④Upon hearing this,I was astonished and restless. ⑤I thanked them again and drove away.⑥I made up my mind to help others in need. A good deed deserves another.
对预测的细节拓展-添加细节（细化动作、心理活动等）
参考范文分析 There followed a long interval of noises, but finally it was done. ①Then they were standing at my car window. He was an old man, bent and wet through. The little girl was about eight with a wide smile as she looked up at me. He told me I could leave now with relief.②“Thanks,”I said. “How much do I owe you ”He shook his head. “Nothing. Cynthia told me you were on crutches. I know you'd do the same for me.” ③But I still held out a five-dollar bill.
He didn't take the bill and the little girl stepped closer and said quietly,“Grandpa can't see it.” ④ In the next few frozen seconds shame flooded over me. A blind man and a child! In the cold rain, they changed a tire for me-with me sitting in comfort in the car.⑤There was a long silence before I drove away, shaken in mind, humbled in spirit.⑥ I am trying now not only to climb 14 steps each day, but in my small way to help others. Someday, perhaps, I'Il have the chance to help a blind man in equal difficulties-someone as blind as I had been.(170 words)
①之前我舒舒服服坐车上，车修好后才注意到修车人人老背驼（old，bent）；wet through 湿透；a wide smile满面笑容；look up at仰视；leave...with relief放心离去，这说明老人技术好，体贴人。
②owe欠；on crutches（拄拐杖），体现了他的同情心。
③hold out a five-dollar bill拿出一张五美元的钞票。
④frozen seconds时间凝固了；flood over 传遍；A blind man and a child！名词独立成句，感叹号表示震惊；sitting in comfort照应线索e。
⑤shaken in mind，humbled in spirit 心灵上震撼巨大，精神上羞愧难当。
⑥climb 14 steps，help a blind man和as blind as I这两个blind含义不同，前者指的是身体上的，后者为引申意义。
练习：
It had been one of those days when nothing goes right. I was due at work at 8 o'clock, but I was te minutes late because I overslept. I went straight to my regular post-the toy department.It was two days be fore Christmas and the department was a mess. It caused me to think back to the time when I enjoyed Christmas.That was two years ago,before I came to work here.
Somehow since that time, Christmas didn't mean much anymore, except more work and headaches The whole day, I was cursed, yelled at and stepped on. And I still had to finish my Christmas shopping that evening. I had just finished explaining to a man why we didn't sell firecrackers, when I felt a tug on my arm.
It was one of the two kids I had been keeping an eye on for a while-security told us to watch kids for stealing. He and his little sister had been looking at the “discount” counter, where we had all the cheapest toys. Before I even bent down to listen to him, I checked around for his sister. I didn't see her.
“Mister, do you think this would be a good present for my little sister ” he said in a broken accent, holding up a bottle of soap bubble liquid. “I don't want her to know about it,” he whispered before I could even answer.
I just agreed with him. He stuck his hand in the pocket of his dirty jeans and pulled out a fistful of change, asking if he had enough money to pay for it.“It looks like you'll have to try to find something else,”I said. “You need ten more cents.” I doubted it was a trick, especially at Christmas. He looked sad and went back to find something else.
I watched him from the corner of my eye for a while as he looked at other items, but always came back to the soap bubbles. I left the area for a few minutes and when I came back he was still there, trying to find a cheaper gift. Somehow, the kid struck me as someone different from most of the troublemakers we got in he toy department.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
I went over to him and asked if he had found anything yet.
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I followed him secretly to see what he really spent the money on.
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读后续写 写作必要技巧：
Skill 1: 情绪表达的生动性
0.紧张
I felt my face burning and palms sweating.
Actually, with so many eyes fixed on me,
My heart is still racing increasingly rapidly
1.乐:
The smile on her face shone like a diamond
She wore a shining smile on her face.
Her eyes were sparkling like diamonds
2.愤怒
He glared at me with burning eyes
Mary felt a wave of anger sweep over her. 玛丽感到一阵愤怒。
He could feel the anger welling up inside him.
他能感觉到自己怒火中烧。
3.悲伤/烦恼
He stood silently, tears rolling down his cheeks
4.害怕
He turned to me, with his eyes full of horror
A food of fear welled up in him. /Fear flooded over him
5.感动
Tears filling her eyes, she offered her heartfelt gratitude
With tears streaming down her face. She…..
A.说话方式：
1. She snapped at him. (或："...," she snapped.)
她厉声斥责他。
2. Then he became angry and threatened that he would go to the police.
然后他生气了，威胁说要去报警。
3. His comments left me speechless with rage.
他的那番话气得我说不出话来。
4. “That's a lie!” he shouted in anger.
“撒谎！”他怒吼道。
5. “I will never believe you again!” she barked at him with all her strength.
“我再也不会相信你了！”她使劲向他大声吼叫。
B.声音：
1. He clicked his tongue impatiently and shrugged his shoulders. Muttering under his breath, he stomped out of the room.
他不耐烦地啧啧嘴，耸了耸肩。他低声咕哝着，跺着脚走出了房间。
2. Her voice was choked with rage.
她气得声音都哽咽了。
3. Reg's voice shook with rage.
雷吉气得声音都发抖了。
4. Kitty's voice shook with anger and she glared at him through narrowed eyes.
基蒂的声音因愤怒而颤抖，她眯起眼睛瞪着他。
5. Robert folded his arms across his chest and started speaking over her in a raised voice.
罗伯特把双臂交叉在胸前，开始高声对她说话。
C.表情
1. A blaze of anger flashed across his face.
他顿时面露怒色。
2. His face was red with rage.
他气得满脸通红。
3.His face was suddenly filled with anger.
突然间他一脸愤怒。
4. His face twisted with rage/in anger.
他气得脸都变形了。
5. A flush of anger and embarrassment spread across his cheeks.
他的脸上露出愤怒与尴尬的表情。
6. He looked ready to explode with rage.
他看上去怒不可遏。
7. A burst of fury made his cheeks burn.
一阵怒火使他两颊发烫。
D.眼：
1. Kitty saw the veins pulsing in his neck and a flash of anger burning in his eyes.
基蒂看见他脖子上的血管在搏动，眼睛里闪着怒火。
2. Eyes narrowed and teeth clenched, she stared at Robert with an expression of utter disbelief.
她眯起眼睛，咬紧牙关，用一种完全不相信的表情盯着罗伯特。
3. Scowling, Robert rolled his eyes to heaven and blasted her with a fierce stare.
罗伯特愁眉苦脸，把眼睛翻到天上，狠狠地瞪了她一眼。
E.肢
1. He got up in a rage and stormed out.
他怒气冲冲地站起来，冲了出去
2. Forester stared at his car, trembling with rage.
福里斯特盯着他的汽车，气得浑身发抖。
3. She shivered as the sound of that man's abuse rang/echoed in her ears.
她耳边回响起那个男人的辱骂，气得浑身发抖。
4. He stood there with crossed arms, looking angry.
他双臂合抱站在那里，看样子很生气。
5. Breathless/Wordless/burning with anger/boiling with rage, she stood up and walked out.
她气得喘不过气来，站起来走了出去。她怒气冲冲地站起来走了出去。

F.脚
1. She was stamping her foot on the ground out of anger.
他生气地直跺脚。
H.手：
1.She slapped her palm against the desk in anger.
她生气地用手拍击桌子。
2. He banged/batted his fist loudly on the table.
他的拳头重重地砸在桌上。
3. He swung his fists wildly at the man's head.
他疯狂地挥拳朝这个男人的头上打去。
4. "No!" I blurted[bl t] out, my fists clenched with rage.
"不!" 我脱口而出，我的拳头因愤怒而握紧。
5. She dismissed him with an impatient wave of her hand.
她不耐烦地挥了挥手，把他打发走了。
6. He pounded on the table with his fist and glared at her furiously.
他用拳头猛击桌子，怒视着她。
I.牙齿：
1. “Come here now!” she growled through her clenched teeth.
“快到这儿来！”她咬牙切齿地咆哮道。
Skill 2:非谓语动词的使用
改写以下的句子为非谓语的表达：
含有状语从句的句子（符合条件情况下）
含有and 链接的并列句或者并列动词进行改写。
When Mac cycled with his friends, he met a wolf
= (When )cycling with his friends, he met a wolf.
Because Mac was chased by a wolf, he sped up
= Chased by a wolf, he sped up
Skill3: with 结构的使用
结构： with +宾语+ doing
功能： 原因状语 / 伴随状语
With her plan ruined by her son, Mary let out a cry of anger.
Mary let out a cry of anger with her voice trembling

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