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(共26张PPT)
Unit 3 Sea exploration
Lesson 5 Reading and writing
Revision
In the last period, we have:
1. learnt about whales and other sea animals;
2. raised the awareness of marine ecosystem conservation.
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
1. understand the basic structure of an argumentative
essay;
2. distinguish arguments and evidence in the text;
3. master the language that expresses agreement and
disagreement;
4. write an argumentative essay.
Aims of this lesson
Lead-in: Do you think the sea should be explored
A student’s answer:
I think sea exploration is necessary. Not only can we gain more resources under the sea, but also it is a good way to improve our understanding of life on the Earth.
Main task:
Express your opinions on whether the sea should be explored.
Skim the two texts on P32 in the textbook and answer:
What is the text type of the two texts
Text type:
argumentative essay (议论文)
The argumentative essay is a genre of writing with the feature of persuading readers that something is true. It always begins with an opinion about an ongoing controversy or discussion, and then gives reasons to support that opinion.
Read for genre
Read Para. 1 of each text and find out the thesis statement (中心论点) of each text.
Read for structure
Group work: Read the rest of the texts and draw a structure tree for each text.
Text 1
Text 2
+ argument 1:
Sea exploration is important for our future.
argument 2
argument 3
Pair work: Read the two texts again and find out the arguments and evidence.
Read for arguments and evidence
Text 1 & Text 2
arguments evidence
Text 1 Para. 2
argument
evidence 1
evidence 2
Text 1
arguments evidence
1 Exploration
causes pollution.
· Deepwater Horizon oil spill
· Plastic pollution
2 Mining for
resources is
damaging.
· It hurts the Arctic.
· Burning fossil fuels adds to climate
change.
3 Overfishing
is an issue.
· Whales and dolphins are hunted.
· Banned, but some countries still doing it.
arguments evidence
1 Sea exploration is
important for our
future.
· Scientific research ships can help address
important issues like climate change.
2 Understanding more
about the sea will
also help us manage
its resources better.
· New medicines, food resources and energy
· Predict events such as earthquakes
3 We need new
resources for future
development.
· Vast amounts of resources may be under
the sea and ice.
Text 2
Look at the two charts below and decide which one
supports which text. (TB P33 Ex. 2)
Text 2
Text 1
A common method for writing an argumentative essay is the five-paragraph approach. Both texts follow the basic pattern of a three-point essay, which is:
Para. 1: thesis statement
Para. 2: argument 1 + evidence
Para. 3: argument 2 + evidence
Para. 4: argument 3 + evidence
Para. 5: conclusion/restatement
Summary of structure analysis
Read the two texts again and find out the following expressions:
Expressions that prove the negative side:
... cause many problems
... is very damaging
... negative cycle
... is another problem
... without mercy
Expressions that prove the positive side:
... help address important issues
More research is necessary.
... help manage its resources better
... help us discover new medicines
... help us predict events
Read for language
Group work: brainstorm more expressions:
Expressions that show agreement:
agree that...
approve of the idea that...
Supporters think that...
... are for the idea that...
support sth.
...
Expressions that show disagreement:
disagree that...
dispprove of the idea that...
Opponents think that...
... are against the idea that...
oppose sth./ be opposed to sth./ object to sth.
...
1. 有些人同意海洋探索，因为这能帮助我们解决如气候变化
的问题。
Some people agree with sea exploration, because it can help
us address issues such as climate change.
2. 有些人反对海洋探索。他们觉得这会造成很多问题。
Some people are opposed to sea exploration, which they
think will cause many problems.
Translation practice
Group discussion:
What is your opinion about sea exploration Do you agree with one argument more than the other
Are there any other aspects of sea exploration not mentioned that you think are important
Critical thinking
A student’s answer:
What is your opinion about sea exploration Do you agree with
one argument more than the other
I think sea exploration is a wonderful idea, because even if there are no immediate rewards for it, to explore and find out more about our world is always a good thing.
A student’s answer:
Are there any other aspects of sea exploration not mentioned that you think are important
We need to explore the ocean so that we can better understand issues such as acidification (酸化) which leads to sea water to become more acidic, and how to fight these problems. Studying the ocean causes the creation of new technologies that can help us in other areas.
Guided writing task--express your opinions
假如你是李华，最近你们班就“人类是否应该进行海洋探索”进行了讨论，请根据讨论结果写一篇短文。
赞成的理由 反对的理由 你的看法
1. 获取更多的海底 资源； 2. 提高对地球上生命 的理解。 1. 造成海洋污染，导致海 洋生物死亡； 2. 破坏生态系统。 ......
注意：开头已给出，不计入总词数
Recently, our class has had a discussion about...
1.文体与目的：
2.人称：
3.时态
4. 写作要点
Structure
Para. 1 说明讨论的话题，反映讨论结果
Para. 2 说明正方和反方的观点及理由
Para. 3 表明自己的观点
议论文，反映讨论结果
第三人称
一般现在时为主
Task Analysis
Expressions that prove the negative side:
... cause many problems
... is very damaging
... negative cycle
... is another problem
... without mercy
Expressions that prove the positive side:
... help address important issues
More research is necessary.
... help manage its resources better
... help us discover new medicines
... help us predict events
Expressions that show agreement:
agree that...
approve of the idea that...
Supporters think that...
... are for the idea that...
support sth.
...
Expressions that show disagreement:
disagree that...
dispprove of the idea that...
Opponents think that...
... are against the idea that...
oppose sth./ be opposed to sth./ object to sth.
...
Language for writing
Checklist
In today’s class, we have:
1. explored two argumentative essays and understood the
basic structure;
2. distinguished arguments and evidence in the text;
3. learned about the language that expresses agreement and
disagreement;
4. analyzed the writing task and got ready for writing.
Summary

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