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七选五15篇 高二下 第一次月考 梯度特训
建议用时 90分钟
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5
二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10
三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15
Passage 1
（23-24高二下·江西吉安·阶段练习）The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals. 1 . Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. Here are some expert-recommended tips that can help you stay on track.
2 .
Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals. Plan your workouts for the week and mark them in your schedule to assure they are a part of your day.
Exercise early.
3 . Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day. Then you can enjoy holiday activities and time with family without worrying about when you’ll have time to exercise.
Keep moving.
Research shows that getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activities reduces the risk of heart disease risk factors. Small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating. 4 .
Think out of the box.
The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity. 5 — like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents.
A．Plan ahead
B．Plan out your route before you go
C．Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips
D．Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health
E．Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations
F．Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair
G．Rather than skipping the gym altogether, make time for a quick workout
【答案】1. E 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. F
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了就算在假期很难坚持自己健身计划时，也能帮助自己保持状态的四个方法。
1. 前文提到“The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals.”（假期可能是一段很难坚持健身目标的时间。）以及后文提到“Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. ”（即使是最自律的人也很难在假期坚持自己的健身计划。）由此判断，该段提到在假期期间坚持健身计划很难，E项“Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations”（你的日程表将被家庭聚会和庆祝活动填满。）该项提到了假期会因为一些活动而影响自己的健身计划。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选E。
2. 该空处需选择段落小标题。该段提到“Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals.”（计划是确保你不会迷失目标的最好方法。）该段提到如果做好计划的话就可以保证假期内能够正常进行健身锻炼。A项“Plan ahead”（提前计划）该项提到了提前做好计划，引出后文中提前做好计划的好处。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选A。
3. 该段小标题提到“Exercise early”（早点锻炼）以及后文提到“Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day.”（确保在早上锻炼，这样你就会为高效的一天做好准备。）由此判断，该段提到了在早上锻炼的好处，因此该段段首句应该提到早上锻炼是非常重要的。C项“Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips”（早上锻炼是最重要的建议之一。）该项提到了早上锻炼是这几项建议中最重要的。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选C。
4. 前文提到“In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating.”（除了保持活跃，尽量避免长时间坐着，比如在看足球比赛或吃饭的时候。）该段提到了如果要保持健身计划的话就要避免长期坐着。D项提到“Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health”（记住：久坐对你的健康有害。）该项提到了长时间坐着对于健康的伤害。该项符合文意，起到总结上文的作用。故选D。
5. 前文提到“The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity.”（假期是忙碌的，但当涉及到体育锻炼时，你要尽你最大的努力避免“要么全部要么没有”的心态。），以及后文提到“—like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents.”（比如在打开圣诞礼物前全家在附近散步。）该段提到可以抓住一切机会来进行运动，F项“Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair”（创造性地锻炼身体，让体育活动成为一项家庭活动）该项提到哪怕只是家庭一起进行的活动也能成为锻炼身体的好机会，同时该项也满足该段小标题“Think out of the box”（跳出思维定式）的段落大意。该项符合文意，起到承上启下的作用。故选F。
Passage 2
（23-24高二下·湖南·阶段练习）Making a Difference
In my 7th-grade year, we undertook a project focused on encouraging people to register to vote. I discovered that the registration process is quite simple, and I couldn’t understand why many individuals weren’t registered. 1 . I also learned that anyone who is 18 can vote.
2 ; we would make a change in our community. The school set up a voter registration day. It was part of the school’s Open House, a day we knew many people would be there. My brother was 18. I asked him if he was registered, and he said. “Why should I register I don’t think it is important.” I told him when people elected someone, that person would decide things that could help improve the city. I asked him to come to the Open House. 3 . I did not know what he meant.
My brother surprised me. He called the registrar’s office. He was calling to find out where he could register, but he learned more. 4 . He would have to go to a training session. Then he would be able to help others get registered. So he went downtown, and he not only registered as a voter but also began training to be a registrar.
My brother talked with his high school social studies teacher. He said he wanted to help other students get registered. The teacher set. up a voter registration table in the lunchroom. My brother sat there every day for a week. When students came in, if they were 18, they could go to register at his table. 5 . My brother had done all that himself. We both had made a big difference.
A．He didn’t come right away
B．He said he would do better than that
C．Our class decided to do something about this
D．He found out he could be a volunteer registrar
E．I wanted to find out why they refused to register
F．At the end of the week, 108 students had registered
G．I learned in social studies that voting is a crucial aspect of being a citizen
【答案】1. G 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. F
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作者在七年级参加的一个项目——鼓励所在社区的居民注册为选民。
1. 根据下文“I also learned that anyone who is 18 can vote.”（我还了解到，任何年满18岁的人都可以投票。）可知，选项与下文为递进关系都是关于作者学到关于选票的内容。故G选项“我在社会研究中学到，投票是作为公民的一个重要方面。”切题。故选G项。
2. 根据下文“we would make a change in our community. The school set up a voter registration day. It was part of the school’s Open House, a day we knew many people would be there.”（我们会改变我们的社区。学校设立了选民登记日。这是学校开放日的一部分，我们知道那天会有很多人来。）可知，下文说明了能为选民登记日所做的内容。故上文与下文话题一致，故C选项“我们班决定为此做点什么”切题。故选C项。
3. 根据下文“I did not know what he meant.”（我不明白他的意思）可知，选项承接下文说明哥哥说话的内容。故B选项“他说他会做得更好”切题。故选B项。
4. 根据上文“He was calling to find out where he could register, but he learned more.”（他给注册办公室打了电话。他打电话是想知道在哪里可以注册。他了解到了更多）可知，选项承接下文说明学到的内容。故D选项“他发现自己可以成为一名志愿登记员。”切题。故选D项。
5. 根据上文“When students came in, if they were 18, they could go to register at his table.”（如果他们年满18岁，他们可以去去注册）可知选项承接上文说明注册的数量。故F选项“一周结束时，已有108名学生注册”切题。故选F项。
Passage 3
（23-24高二下·山东枣庄·阶段练习）Confidence plays a very important role in people’s life. It gives people light when they are in dark and encouragement when they are dismayed. 1 People who show confidence seem to grab more rewarding careers, maintain better relationships, and may make miracles in the face of extreme difficulties.
So what is the secret of confidence In fact, there is no secret. 2 It is built, not inborn. You can try these simple tips for practicing and increasing our confidence levels:
First, dare to fail. 3 If you are not failing, you are not trying. Only when we face up to our difficulties, can we build up our confidence and give ourselves a chance of success.
Second, dress your success. You don’t have to be beautiful to be confident. Make the most of your won unique physical assets and downplay your flaws so that you know you’re giving out your best image.
Third, listen to yourself; do not despise yourself. You are the only person who knows what is right for yourself. 4
Last, build a confidence vocabulary. Stop putting yourself down, and quit incessantly confessing your tiny flaws. Learn to highlight your positive attributes and the world will learn to see and appreciate them too.
5 We should build confidence through constant and patient effort. Only when we have enough confidence in ourselves, can we take the first step on the road to success.
A．Confidence is a plant that grows slowly.
B．It is the first step on the road to success.
C．People are always eager to achieve success.
D．You should openly express your inner ideas.
E．Don’t put others’ opinion above our own inner voice.
F．Self-confidence is a skill everyone can learn to develop.
G．Anybody who’s genuinely striving is going to fail repeatedly.
【答案】1. B 2. F 3. G 4. E 5. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了自信的重要性以及获得自信的方法。
1. 根据上文“Confidence plays a very important role in people’s life. It gives people light when they are in dark and encouragement when they are dismayed.(自信在人们的生活中扮演着非常重要的角色。在黑暗中给人光明，在沮丧时给人鼓励。)”可知，空处承接上文，解释说明自信的重要性。B项中的“It”指代上文的“confidence”。B项：It is the first step on the road to success.(它是通往成功之路的第一步。)符合语境。故选B。
2. 根据下文“It is built, not inborn. You can try these simple tips for practicing and increasing our confidence levels(它是建立起来的，不是天生的。你可以尝试这些简单的技巧来练习和提高我们的自信水平)”可知，下文提到自信是通过努力建立起来的，而不是天生的，说明自信是可以学习的技能。F项：Self-confidence is a skill everyone can learn to develop.(自信是一种每个人都可以通过学习来培养的技能。)符合语境。故选F。
3. 根据上文“First, dare to fail.(首先，敢于失败。)”和下文“If you are not failing, you are not trying. Only when we face up to our difficulties, can we build up our confidence and give ourselves a chance of success.(如果你没有失败，你就没有尝试过。只有当我们直面困难时，我们才能建立信心，给自己一个成功的机会。)”可知，真正努力的人都会经历失败，才会获得成功。G项：Anybody who’s genuinely striving is going to fail repeatedly.(任何真正努力的人都会不断地失败。)符合语境。故选G。
4. 根据上文“listen to yourself; do not despise yourself(倾听自己，不要轻视自己)”可知，要相信自己的内心想法。E项：Don’t put others’ opinion above our own inner voice.(不要把别人的意见置于自己内心的声音之上。)符合语境。故选E。
5. 根据下文“We should build confidence through constant and patient effort.( 我们应该通过持续和耐心的努力来建立信心。)”可知，空处应该指出应该提到自信是一个需要慢慢培养的过程。A项：Confidence is a plant that grows slowly.(自信是一株缓慢生长的植物。)符合语境。故选A。
Passage 4
（24-25高二下·湖南长沙·开学考试）Although many people still like to have three main meals a day, others are choosing a lighter way of eating rather than rich meals. 1 . The important thing is to make sure you choose healthy foods. 2
The demands of modern life mean that we don’t always have the opportunity to sit down and eat three meals a day. For some people, the pressures of combining work and family leave little time for food preparation. Others regularly eat on their own and don’t want to bother cooking a full meal.
Focus on nutrients
There is no “right” way of eating, as long as you take in all the nutrients your body requires. 3 . Boredom or stress can drive us to the fridge, or corner shop. If you make sure all your snacks are nutritious ones, as well as lower in fat and sugar, you are less likely to eat beyond your body’s needs.
Choose healthy snacks
Starchy carbohydrates（淀粉类碳水化合物）have a lot to offer nutritionally and make excellent choices as the basis both for snacks and for lunch. 4 . Fresh fruits or vegetables are both excellent choices for a light snack. Although not as filling as starchy carbohydrate foods, some of them are high in disease-fighting vitamins.
Making time for lunch
5 , most of us try to make time for lunch, even if it is just a “light bite”—a sandwich in the office, or a simple hot dish in the canteen, Lunch is an essential pause in the middle of the day, a chance to relax and recharge our batteries a little.
A．As we are familiar with our habits
B．Either option is equally acceptable
C．Eat in a way that suits your lifestyle
D．We don’t just eat because we’re hungry
E．Change your lifestyle through eating properly
F．No matter what our eating pattern is for the rest of the day
G．They are filling and help you stay filled with energy for a while
【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 4. G 5. F
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了如何选择适合自己生活方式的饮食方式。
1. 根据上文“Although many people still like to have three main meals a day, others are choosing a lighter way of eating rather than substantial meals. (尽管许多人仍然喜欢一日三餐，但也有人选择了清淡的饮食方式，而不是丰盛的一餐。)” 及下文“The important thing is to make sure you choose healthy foods. (重要的是要确保你选择健康的食物。)” 可知，作者在划线处上文先提出两种不同的饮食方式，下文给出的建议是“确保你选择健康的食物”可知，划线处并未否定任何一种饮食方式，即两种方式都有可行实处，只要健康即可。选项B.“Either option is equally acceptable (两种选择都是可以接受的)”符合语境。故选B。
2. 根据第二段“For some people, the pressures of combining work and family leave little time for food preparation. Others regularly eat on their own and don’t want to bother cooking a full meal. (对一些人来说，兼顾工作和家庭的压力使他们几乎没有时间准备食物。还有一些人经常自己吃饭，不想做一顿丰盛的饭。)”可知，此处描述不同人群选择不通过的就餐模式，因此本段给出的建议为：根据自己的生活模式选择适合的饮食方式。选项C. “Eat in a way that suits your lifestyle (选择适合自己生活方式的饮食方式)”符合语境。故选C。
3. 根据下文“Boredom or stress can drive us to the fridge, or corner shop. (无聊或压力会把我们逼到冰箱或街角小店)”可知，我们会在感到无聊或压力时选择吃东西，即我们有时吃东西并非饥饿。选项D.“We don’t just eat because we’re hungry (我们不只是因为饿才吃东西)”符合语境。故选D。
4. 根据上文“Starchy carbohydrates（淀粉类碳水化合物）have a lot to offer nutritionally and make excellent choices as the basis both for snacks and for lunch. (淀粉类碳水化合物有很多营养价值，是零食和午餐的绝佳选择)”可知，此处主要介绍选择淀粉类碳水化合物的饮食建议。因此划线处会具体说明这类饮食的优点。选项G.“They are filling and help you stay filled with energy for a while (它们会让你感到充实，并帮助你在一段时间内保持精力充沛)”符合语境。故选G。
5. 根据下文“Lunch is an essential pause in the middle of the day, a chance to relax and recharge our batteries a little. (午餐是一天中必不可少的休息，是一个放松和充电的机会。)”可知，此处给出的饮食建议是一定要吃午餐。因此划线处提出“不管其他时间的饮食习惯或是安排是什么，午餐是必要的”，选项F.“No matter what our eating pattern is for the rest of the day (不管一天中剩下的时间我们的饮食习惯如何)”符合语境。故选F。
Passage 5
（22-23高二下·山东·阶段练习）I am Daniel, 30. I never thought that I would be teaching a class. My teaching experience has been unbelievable. 1 Here are some of the many things I learned when teaching an adult education class at WRCC (Windham Regional Career Center).
When I was first offered the opportunity to teach an adult education class on technology, I thought it would be a great experience. However, I didn't realize how much fun it would be. I never felt like it was something unpleasant. Before I would start my class, especially for the first few times, I would get very nervous. 2
One of the reasons I enjoyed my teaching experience so much was the great students I had. In a high school class, usually not everyone concentrates on the class. 3 They all wanted to be learning and improving themselves there.
4 Each one of my students had a different level of experience and different things they wanted to learn. This made it very hard to try and get everyone on the same page.
I learned that teaching requires more than just reading notes al oud and guiding students. It requires reinforcement (巩固), seeking feedback, and a million other things that I had never thought of. I owe a lot to my business teacher, Ms Cornell, who gave me any amount of help and advice. 5 Given the opportunity, I would be willing to teach there again in the future.
A．Teaching is not always an easy job.
B．The class required a lot of preparation.
C．This was definitely not true with my students.
D．I still feel funny to call people “my students”.
E．I think I learned as much from the class as the students did.
F．But I began to really enjoy it before long and my anxiety gradually went away.
G．Without her, I would not overcome the difficulties during my teaching experience.
【答案】1. E 2. F 3. C 4. A 5. G
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者Daniel在Windham Regional Career Center教授成人教育课程的经历和感受。
1. 根据上文“I am Daniel, 30. I never thought that I would be teaching a class. My teaching experience has been unbelievable.(我叫丹尼尔，今年30岁。我从没想过我会教一门课。我的教学经历令人难以置信)”及下文“Here are some of the many things I learned when teaching an adult education class at WRCC (Windham Regional Career Center).(以下是我在温德姆地区职业中心（WRCC）教授成人教育课程时学到的一些东西)”可知，选项连接下文，说明自己的学习情况。故E选项“我想我从课堂上学到的和学生们一样多。”切题。故选E项。
2. 根据上文“Before I would start my class, especially for the first few times, I would get very nervous.(在我开始上课之前，尤其是刚开始的几次，我会非常紧张)”可知，选项与上文为转折关系说明自己情绪的变化。故F选项“但不久我就开始真正享受它，我的焦虑也逐渐消失了”切题。故选F项。
3. 根据上文“In a high school class, usually not everyone concentrates on the class.(在高中课堂上，通常不是每个人都会集中注意力)”及下文“They all wanted to be learning and improving themselves there.(他们都想在那里学习和提升自己)可知，选项承上启下是对上文情况的比较且引出下文。故C选项“我的学生绝对不是这样”切题。故选C项。
4. 根据下文“Each one of my students had a different level of experience and different things they wanted to learn. This made it very hard to try and get everyone on the same page.(我的每个学生都有不同的经验水平和不同的学习目标。这使得很难让每个人都保持一致)”可知，本段主要在说教学并不总是容易的工作。故A选项“教学并不总是容易的工作”切题。故选A。
5. 根据上文I owe a lot to my business teacher, Ms Cornell, who gave me any amount of help and advice.(我非常感谢我的商业老师Cornell女士，她给了我大量的帮助和建议)”可知，选项在说老师对自己的帮助以及感谢。G选项“如果没有她的帮助，作者无法克服教学中的困难”切题。故选G。
Passage 6
（23-24高二下·广东湛江·开学考试）What is your favourite colour Do you like yellow, orange, red 1
Do you prefer greys and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be pessimist (悲观主义者). At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. 2 If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
3 A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. 4 A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides (自杀) than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
5 It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.
A．On the other hand, black is depressing.
B．They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favourite colour as grow up—we are born with our preference.
C．The rooms are painted in different colours as you like.
D．If you do, you must be an optimist (乐观主义者), a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.
E．Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active.
F．Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colours.
G．Colours do influence our moods—there is no doubt about it.
【答案】1. D 2. B 3. G 4. A 5. E
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了喜欢不同颜色的人具有不同的性格以及颜色对我们产生的影响。
1. 上文“What is your favourite colour Do you like yellow, orange, red (你最喜欢的颜色是什么？你喜欢黄色、橙色、红色吗？)”提出问题，空处承接上文，下文“Do you prefer greys and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be pessimist.(你喜欢灰色和蓝色吗？然后你可能很安静，害羞，你宁愿跟随而不是领导。你往往是悲观主义者)”指出如果喜欢蓝色或灰色，你可能是一个悲观主义者，那么空处应对前面喜欢黄色、橙色、红色的人作出判断，D项“如果你这样做了，你必须是一个乐观主义者，一个领导者，一个积极的人，享受生活，喜欢他人和兴奋”与上文联系紧密，与下文形成对照，符合语境。故选D项。
2. 上文“At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings.(至少，这是心理学家告诉我们的，他们应该知道，因为他们一直在认真研究颜色偏爱的意义，以及颜色对人类的影响)”说明前面的结论有据可循，空处承上启下，下文“If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.(如果你碰巧喜欢棕色，只要你睁开眼睛，或者至少当你能看清楚的时候，你就会这么做)”说明你从一开始就喜欢某种颜色，B项“他们在其他事实中告诉我们，我们不会在成长过程中选择自己喜欢的颜色——我们生来就有自己的偏好”说明对颜色的偏爱是天生的，对应上文的psychologists，符合语境。故选B项。
3. 下文“A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day.(黄色的房间比深绿色的房间让大多数人感到更愉快、更放松；一件红色连衣裙为最悲伤的冬日带来温暖和欢乐)”说明黄色红色能给人带来快乐，G项“颜色确实会影响我们的情绪——这是毫无疑问的”是对下文的概括，引起下文，符合语境。故选G项。
4. 上文“A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day.(黄色的房间比深绿色的房间让大多数人感到更愉快、更放松；一件红色连衣裙为最悲伤的冬日带来温暖和欢乐)”说明黄色红色能给人带来愉快的感觉，空出承上启下，下文“A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green.(伦敦附近泰晤士河上的一座黑色桥梁曾经是该地区自杀人数最多的桥梁，直到它被重新漆成绿色)”说明黑色桥容易让人自杀，A项“另一方面，黑色令人沮丧”与上文形成转折，引起下文，符合语境。故选A项。
5. 下文“It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.(当工厂的机器被漆成橙色而不是黑色或灰色时，工厂工人工作得更好、更努力，事故更少，这是一个既定的事实)”说明明亮的颜色能提高工作效率，E项“浅色和亮色不仅使人更快乐，而且使人更活跃”与下文联系紧密，话题一致，符合语境。故选E项。
Passage 7
（23-24高二下·广西·开学考试）Awake Here Is How to Return to Sleep
It is usual for people to wake up a few times during the night. Older people often get up to go to the bathroom. Waking at night usually is not a problem.
But what about some other people If it happens a few times a week, there may be a troublesome reason. 1 . Such sleep difficulties are called insomnia (失眠). You may wake up, look at the clock and worry about your work. There may be stressful things on your mind. These feelings may activate a stress hormone in your body. If you worry about not sleeping, it may make it harder to fall asleep.
What to do.
If you are awake 25 minutes or more, 2 . Gentle stretches or breathing exercises might help. Meditation (冥想) also may work. You may sit on a couch and read a book or magazine in dim light. Do not read on a smartphone or a table t in rayless place.
Try to go back to sleep.
3 . Coffee can stay in your digestive system well into the evening.
Napping lowers your drive to fall asleep in the evening. Avoid napping late in the day. Nap no later than early afternoon. 4
Try to keep to a routine schedule for sleep. There is a problem when you go to bed and wake up at different times. Studies have shown that irregular bedtimes may lead to insomnia. 5 , called circadian rhythms (昼夜节律). They work on 24-hour cycles.
If you get up during the night to go to the bathroom, limit how much water or liquids you drink a few hours before bedtime.
A．Avoid coffee after 2 p. m.
B．Try to avoid naps
C．And do not nap anytime longer than 30 minutes
D．The problem has to do with the sleep cycle of your body
E．get out of bed and do something quiet
F．Stress and anxiety are some of the reasons people have sleep difficulties
G．Here are some reasons for the difficulties in your sleeping
【答案】1. F 2. E 3. A 4. C 5. D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了帮助失眠的人恢复睡眠的几条建议。
1. 上文“If it happens a few times a week, there may be a troublesome reason.(如果这种情况一周发生几次，可能会有一个麻烦的原因)”说明导致睡眠不好是有原因的。空处承上启下，F项中的“Stress and anxiety are some of the reasons”和上文中的“a troublesome reason”相呼应，“people have sleep difficulties”和下文中的“Such sleep difficulties ”相呼应，说明压力和焦虑是人们睡眠困难的一些原因，而这种困难会导致失眠。故选F。
2. 下文“Gentle stretches or breathing exercises might help. Meditation (冥想) also may work.(轻柔的伸展运动或呼吸练习可能会有所帮助。冥想也可能奏效) ”说明如果清醒25钟或更多的话，需要做一些轻柔的活动。E项“起床做点安静的事”符合语境，该项中的“do something quiet”和下文中的“Gentle stretches or breathing exercises ”以及“Meditation”相呼应。故选E。
3. 下文“Coffee can stay in your digestive system well into the evening.(咖啡可以在你的消化系统中一直呆到晚上)”说明咖啡对失眠的影响。A项中的coffee在下文中得到了复现，说明下午2点以后不要喝咖啡，这样做能避免咖啡对睡眠的影响。故选A。
4. 上文“Napping lowers your drive to fall asleep in the evening. Avoid napping late in the day. Nap no later than early afternoon.(小睡会降低你晚上入睡的动力。避免在一天中的晚些时候打盹。不迟于下午早些时候小睡)”说明午后小睡对睡眠的影响。空处顺接前文，说明如何午睡能够避免对晚上睡眠的影响。C项中的nap和前文相呼应，说明小睡时间不要超过30分钟。故选C。
5. 上文“Studies have shown that irregular bedtimes may lead to insomnia.(研究表明，就寝时间不规律可能会导致失眠.)”说明睡眠不规律会导致失眠。空处解释了睡眠不规律会导致失眠的原因。D选项中的“this problem”与前文的“irregular bedtimes”相呼应，说明这个问题与你身体的睡眠周期有关。故选D。
Passage 8
（23-24高二下·河南·开学考试）For many of us, it is not easy to feel inspired by the artworks that we see at museums. Here are some tips on how to create that meaningful connection.
Keep an open mind
Once you are in an art museum, try not to have any ideas about what you’re about to see. 1 . You can love it. You can hate it. Just tell yourself that it’s OK.
Draw personal connections to the art
When you see an artwork, just let your mind wander and follow your thought wherever it leads you. 2 . As a result, a deep connection will happen.
3
You can increase the chances of finding an art piece you connect with by going to a museum that interests you. If you’re interested in climate change, for example, you may pick a museum that’s showing artworks inspired by Earth conservation.
Really “look at” the art
After you have found an artwork you like, take time to observe it closely. You can take a finger to the air and follow the outline of the figure or the movement of the brushstrokes. 4 .
Keep your museum visit short and focused
Art museums can be huge. So be realistic about how long you can spend at the museum. 5 . After that, it’s hard to stay focused and understand what you’ve seen.
A．Reflect and appreciate
B．You don’t need more than an hour or two
C．Pick a museum that is related to your interests
D．Instead, allow yourself to feel how the art makes you feel
E．The free associations will help create emotional reactions in you
F．Such accompanying activities can help you more deeply appreciate the art
G．Study the subject of the art, which can affect on how you feel about the work
【答案】1. D 2. E 3. C 4. F 5. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文。对于我们中的许多人来说，从博物馆里看到的艺术品中获得灵感并不容易。短文介绍了一些关于如何建立有意义的联系的建议。
1. 根据上文“Once you are in an art museum, try not to have any ideas about what you’re about to see.”（一旦你进入艺术博物馆，尽量不要对你将要看到的东西有任何想法。）可知，选项与上文为转折关系，说明进入艺术博物馆应该做什么。故D选项“相反，让自己去感受艺术带给你的感觉。”切题。故选D项。
2. 根据上文“When you see an artwork, just let your mind wander and follow your thought wherever it leads you.”（当你看到一件艺术品时，只要让你的思想游离，跟随你的思想。）推知，选项承接上文说明自由的联想的作用。故E选项“自由的联想会帮助你产生情绪反应”切题。故选E项。
3. 根据下文“You can increase the chances of finding an art piece you connect with by going to a museum that interests you.”（你可以通过去你感兴趣的博物馆来增加找到一件你感兴趣的艺术品的机会。）可知，本段主要在说选择一个与你的兴趣相关的博物馆。故C选项“选择一个与你的兴趣相关的博物馆”切题，可以作为小标题。故选C项。
4. 根据上文“After you have found an artwork you like, take time to observe it closely. You can take a finger to the air and follow the outline of the figure or the movement of the brushstrokes.”（当你找到一件你喜欢的艺术品后，花点时间仔细观察它。你可以把手指放在空中，跟随人物的轮廓或笔触的运动）可知，选项承接上文，说明这么做的好处。故F选项“这样的陪伴活动可以帮助你更深刻地欣赏艺术。”切题。故选F项。
5. 根据上文“Art museums can be huge. So be realistic about how long you can spend at the museum.”（艺术博物馆可能很大。所以对于你能在博物馆待多久要现实一点。）可知，选项承接上文说明待在博物馆的时间。故B选项“你不需要超过一两个小时”切题。故选B项。
Passage 9
（23-24高二下·湖南长沙·阶段练习）Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is a necessary process for maintaining the health of the human body. 1 Here are four research-backed reasons why this salt-based fluid can benefit you.
Sweating is good for your skin.
Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins (毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne (痤疮). 2
Sweating makes you happy.
When you are hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy. 3 In a recent study, people who smelled “joyful sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness. However, those exposed to fear-induced sweat showed characteristics of terror.
Sweating supports your heart.
When sitting in a sauna (桑拿), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to cool itself down by sweating. 4 A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac (心脏的) deaths.
5
If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A study conducted by the Public Library of Science supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands (汗腺), resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts.
A．And you’ll be better off for it.
B．Sweating a lot means that you are fit.
C．Thus, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating.
D．Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises.
E．Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent.
F．Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel more delightful.
G．This is a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating.
【答案】1. G 2. C 3. F 4. A 5. B
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章从四个方面解释了为什么出汗有好处。
1. 前一句“Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is necessary.(出汗可能不是你最喜欢做的事情，但它是必要的)”提到，出汗是必要的，G项“这是一种自然的身体功能，有助于调节体温，防止过热”是对sweating的一个整体性的介绍性文字，其中的“It”指代前一句中“Sweating”，同时也是对前一句中“necessary”的进一步解释，故选G。
2. 根据本段小标题“Sweating is good for your skin.(出汗对你的皮肤有好处)”和前一句“However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne.(然而，汗液在皮肤上停留太长时间会导致痤疮等皮肤病)”可知，本段讲出汗对皮肤的好处，但是皮肤上停留太长时间会导致痤疮等皮肤病，由此推知，设空处应与清洗有关，C项“所以，出汗后洗脸和洗澡是很有必要的”符合语境，和前一句构成因果关系，故选C。
3. 根据本段小标题“Sweating makes you happy.(出汗让你快乐)”和空后一句“In a 2015 study, people who smelled “happy sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness.(在2015年的一项研究中，闻到‘快乐汗水’的人表现出与幸福相关的倾向)”可知，本段主要讲出汗让人感到快乐，闻到“快乐汗水”的人也会快乐，F项“汗流浃背的自己也会让你周围的人感到更快乐”符合语境，故选F。
4. 根据上文“When sitting in a sauna(桑拿), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to cool itself down by sweating.”（当你坐在桑拿浴室里时，你的体温会升高，所以你的身体会超时工作，通过出汗来降温）可知，选项承接上文说明其好处。故A选项“你会感觉更好”切题。故选A项。
5. 根据本段中“If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign.(如果你在运动中大量出汗，这通常是一个积极的迹象)”可知，本段是讲出汗多是一个积极的迹象，B项“出汗多意味着你很健康”符合语境，B项中的“a lot”和段落中“heavily”、“got sweatier”、“more sweat”相关，故选B。
Passage 10
（23-24高二下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习）Anger Management
Maybe you have a serious attitude to life, or perhaps you are just angry. Everyone gets angry. 1 The following strategies will help you manage it in more positive ways.
Angry people tend to swear to reflect their inner thoughts. 2 For instance, instead of telling yourself, “oh, it’s awful, it’s terrible, everything’s ruined,” tell yourself, “it’s understandable that I’m upset about it, but it’s not the end of the world and getting angry is not going to fix it anyhow.”
Don’t say the first thing that comes into your head, but slowdown and think carefully about what you want to say. Listen carefully to what the other person is saying and take your time before answering. At the same time, it’s natural to get defensive when you’re criticized, but don’t fight back. 3
Give yourself a break. 4 One example is the working mother who has a standing rule that when she comes home from work, for the first 15 minutes “nobody talks to Mom unless the house is on fire.” After this brief quiet time, she feels better prepared to handle demands from her kids without blowing up at them.
Not all anger is inappropriate, and often it’s a healthy, natural response. 5 And it disappoints us to find out that this isn’t always the case. The best attitude to bring to such a situation, then, is not to focus on finding the solution, but rather on how you handle and face the problem.
A．But letting it get out of control is harmful.
B．We should have a positive attitude towards anger.
C．Try replacing emotional thoughts with more reasonable ones.
D．There is also a cultural belief that every problem has a solution.
E．That means letting go of the busy schedule and focus on the moment.
F．Make sure you have some “personal time” scheduled for stressful days.
G．Keeping your head can keep the situation from becoming a disastrous one.
【答案】1. A 2. C 3. G 4. F 5. D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章给读者如何应对“愤怒”这一情绪提供了一系列建议。
1. 上文“Maybe you have a serious attitude to life, or perhaps you are just angry. Everyone gets angry. (也许你对生活有一种严肃的态度，也许你只是愤怒。每个人都会愤怒。)”说明似乎“愤怒”是一件很常见的事情，不需要特别关注。下文“The following strategies will help you manage it in more positive ways. (以下策略将帮助你以更积极的方式管理它。)”说明作者认为“愤怒”是需要管理的。A项“But letting it get out of control is harmful. (但让它失去控制是有害的。)”与上文转折，指出虽然“愤怒”很正常，普通，但任凭其发展还是有害的，故下文才需要提供建议管理它，因此该选项也与下文连接自然。故选A项。
2. 下文“For instance, instead of telling yourself, ‘oh, it’s awful, it’s terrible, everything’s ruined,’ tell yourself, ‘it’s understandable that I’m upset about it, but it’s not the end of the world and getting angry is not going to fix it anyhow.’ (例如，与其告诉自己，“哦，太糟糕了，太可怕了，一切都毁了”，不如告诉自己：“我对此感到不安是可以理解的，但这不是世界末日，生气无论如何都无法解决问题。”)”说明作者建议大家面对愤怒时不应该意气用事过于情绪化，应该理智对待。C项“Try replacing emotional thoughts with more reasonable ones. (试着用更合理的想法来代替情绪化的想法。)”与下文一致，指出应该用更合情合理的想法代替情绪化的想法，可以作为这一段的总起句。故选C项。
3. 上文“Listen carefully to what the other person is saying and take your time before answering. At the same time, it’s natural to get defensive when you’re criticized, but don’t fight back. (仔细听对方说什么，在回答之前慢慢来。同时，当你受到批评时，很自然会有抵触情绪，但不要反击。)”说明作者建议大家在受到批评等可能愤怒的时候不要马上反击，即不要马上生气。G项“Keeping your head can keep the situation from becoming a disastrous one. (保持头脑清醒可以防止局势演变成灾难性的局面。)”与上文一致，指出在可能生气的时候要保持头脑清醒，不要贸然愤怒生气，这样不至于时双方陷入难堪的局面。故选G项。
4. 下文“One example is the working mother who has a standing rule that when she comes home from work, for the first 15 minutes ‘nobody talks to Mom unless the house is on fire.’ (一个例子是一位职场母亲，她有一条固定的规则，即当她下班回家时，在最初的15分钟里，“除非房子着火，否则没有人和妈妈说话。”)”说明作者认为职场有压力的妈妈下班回家应该有一点私人空间不被他人打扰。F项“Make sure you have some “personal time” scheduled for stressful days. (确保你在紧张的日子有一些“私人时间”。)”与下文一致，指出紧张的日子里应该有一些私人时间，不被打扰，用于放松。故选F项。
5. 上文“Not all anger is inappropriate, and often it’s a healthy, natural response. (并非所有的愤怒都是不恰当的，通常这是一种健康、自然的反应。)”说明似乎“愤怒”有时候也是正常的反应。下文“And it disappoints us to find out that this isn’t always the case. (当我们发现情况并非总是如此时，我们感到失望。)”说明有一种常见的情况被提及了，且是一种好的情况，故当情况不是这样的时候，我们就会失望。D项“There is also a cultural belief that every problem has a solution. (还有一种文化信仰认为，每个问题都有解决方案。)”指出文化信仰相信所有问题都能解决，即：愤怒也是可以很顺畅地被解决的，这与上文一致，就是这一良好情况并不总是如人们所想那样常常如此，这与下文也过渡自然。故选D项。
Passage 11
（23-24高二下·广东惠州·阶段练习）How to Survive Overthinking
●Focus on the big picture.
1 While you might be able to learn something new by giving these things some quick consideration, it’s better to step back and look at the whole picture. If you’re crushing on (迷恋) someone, for example, you might think about their every comment or facial expression after you see them- but examining every interaction for telling details can keep you from seeing what’s really going on.
●Distract (分心) yourself when you’re overthinking.
Do something that you find fun and engaging. When your thoughts are running away from you, sometimes you just need to do something else for a while. 2 Some people enjoy coloring or doing puzzles, while others may enjoy going for a walk.
●Get your thoughts down on paper.
Try spending 10 minutes a day writing down your thoughts. 3 When you write, it helps you organize your thoughts, so they don’t feel so confused and overwhelming (压垮的) in your mind.
Writing can also help you get to the root of what’s going on.
●Talk out your thoughts with a friend.
Saying your thoughts out loud can help you process them. If you just can’t seem to move past your thoughts, try opening up to someone you really trust, like a close family member or a friend. Tell them what you’re dealing with and why you think you keep coming back to these thoughts. 4 They might just have some good advice that might put your mind at ease.
●Try to see problems as challenges.
Look for solutions instead of just replaying the obstacle. If you notice that you’re just thinking about every little detail of a decision you’re facing, try to reframe your thoughts. Focus on how you can solve the problem, or what you can learn from it. 5
A．Big problems seem less terrible when you break them down.
B．Journaling can be a really powerful way to calm overthinking.
C．When you're overthinking, you tend to get caught up in details.
D．When you’re finished, give them some space to share their opinions.
E．This simple shift can help you feel empowered instead of overwhelmed.
F．Anything will work, as long as it gets your mind off whatever is bothering you.
G．You might notice you tend to overthink when you’re anxious about a difficult situation.
【答案】1. C 2. F 3. B 4. D 5. E
【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了几条如何避免过度思考的建议。
1. 上文“Focus on the big picture.”（着眼于大局）以及下文“While you might be able to learn something new by giving these things some quick consideration, it’s better to step back and look at the whole picture.”（虽然你可以通过快速考虑这些事情来学习一些新的东西，但最好退一步看看整体情况。）说明要着眼于大局，最好看看整体情况，空处应说明过度思考可能会困于细节，C选项“当你过度思考时，你往往会被细节所困”承上启下，切题。故选C项。
2. 根据上文“When your thoughts are running away from you, sometimes you just need to do something else for a while.”（当你的思绪从你身边跑开时，有时你只需要做点别的事情。）可知，空处应承接上文继续说明要做一些不让你过度思考的事情，F选项“只要能让你不去想困扰你的事情，任何方法都可以”说明要让你不去想困扰你的事情，任何方法都可以，承接上文，符合题意。故选F项。
3. 根据上文“Try spending 10 minutes a day writing down your thoughts.”（试着每天花10分钟写下你的想法）可知，空处应承接上文，说明写东西的方式是什么。故B选项“写日记是一种非常有效的方法来平息过度思考”切题。故选B项。
4. 根据下文“They might just have some good advice that might put your mind at ease. ”（他们可能会给你一些好的建议，让你放心）可知，空处应引出下文，说明应给他们一些空间来分享他们的观点，这样才能得到他们的建议。故D选项“当你完成后，给他们一些空间来分享他们的观点”切题。故选D项。
5. 根据上文“If you notice that you’re just thinking about every little detail of a decision you’re facing, try to reframe your thoughts. Focus on how you can solve the problem, or what you can learn from it.”（如果你注意到你只是在考虑你面临的一个决定的每一个小细节，试着重新构建你的想法。关注你如何解决问题，或者你能从中学到什么。）可知，空处应承接上文，说明这么做的作用是什么，E选项“这个简单的转变可以帮助你感到力量，而不是不知所措。”说明这样做的作用，符合题意。故选E项。
Passage 12
（23-24高二下·湖北·阶段练习）Knowledge is power, and the more you learn about mental health, the better the position you may be in to help those facing mental health battles. Consider doing the following things to support those closest to you.
Attend a training course
1 . In fact, anyone can benefit from depression awareness training that focuses on supporting those at risk. You might be a teacher that manages youth or a sports coach wanting to pick up on depression risk signs in your players. You may even be a worried parent who wants to make sure your children can tell you anything. Depression awareness and prevention courses teach you both theoretical and practical skills to recognize warning signs and behaviors. 2 .
Listen
If someone approaches you in their time of need, it’s not always easy to know what you’re supposed to do, and it may be more beneficial for you to just listen. 3 . They may just need to get what they are feeling off their chest and to feel valid at that moment. Try your best not to interrupt, but ask questions if you require clarification. The more listening you do, the better your position in deciding what to do next.
4
While being a listening ear is sometimes all someone needs to feel better, you can also become an ongoing source of support. Check in with the person experiencing a mental health problem like depression so that they know you are always there for them. Make contact with them regularly to see how they are feeling. Just knowing someone cares can make a world of difference.
Call emergency services
Your support, guidance, and listening ear can be of great value to anyone going through a tough time. 5 . If someone you know is experiencing self-abuse thoughts or tendencies, don’t delay in seeking emergency help. The faster you act, the safer your friend or family member may be.
A．Check in with them
B．Suggest support services
C．However, it’s essential to know your limits
D．Such a course may just help you to prevent someone’s depression
E．They may not need you to offer solutions or even give them a hug
F．Sometimes, the best thing you can do is encourage them to seek professional help
G．You don’t have to be in a professional health role to attend depression prevention training
【答案】1. G 2. D 3. E 4. A 5. C
【导语】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了四种帮助身边有心理疾病的人的方式。
1. 根据下文“In fact, anyone can benefit from depression awareness training that focuses on supporting those at risk. You might be a teacher that manages youth or a sports coach wanting to pick up on depression risk signs in your players.”（事实上，任何人都可以从抑郁症意识培训中受益，重点是支持那些有风险的人。你可能是一名管理青少年的老师，或者是一名想要在你的球员身上发现抑郁风险迹象的体育教练。）可知，选项承接下文话题一致，都在说明任何人都可以参加培训。故G选项“你不需要成为专业的健康专家才能参加抑郁症预防培训。”切题。故选G项。
2. 根据上文“Depression awareness and prevention courses teach you both theoretical and practical skills to recognize warning signs and behaviors.”（抑郁症意识和预防课程将教授你识别警告信号和行为的理论和实践技能。）可知，选项承接上文说明好处。故D选项“这样的课程可能会帮助你预防某人的抑郁症”切题。故选D项。
3. 根据上文“If someone approaches you in their time of need, it’s not always easy to know what you’re supposed to do, and it may be more beneficial for you to just listen.”（如果有人在需要你的时候来找你，你并不总是很容易知道你应该做什么，倾听对你来说可能更有益。）根据下文“They may just need to get what they are feeling off their chest and to feel valid at that moment.”（他们可能只是需要把心中的感受发泄出来，在那一刻感觉自己是正确的）可知倾听就足够了，连个拥抱都不需要。故E选项“他们可能不需要你提供解决方案，甚至不需要给他们一个拥抱。”切题。故选E项。
4. 根据下文“Check in with the person experiencing a mental health problem like depression so that they know you are always there for them. Make contact with them regularly to see how they are feeling. Just knowing someone cares can make a world of difference.”（与患有抑郁症等心理健康问题的人联系，让他们知道你总是在他们身边。定期和他们联系，看看他们的感受。只要知道有人关心你，就能让世界变得不同。）可知，本段告诉我们要和患有抑郁症等心理健康问题的人联系。所以本段的标题为“和他们联系”。故选A项。
5. 根据上文“Your support, guidance, and listening ear can be of great value to anyone going through a tough time.”（你的支持、指导和倾听对任何正在经历艰难时刻的人来说都是很有价值的）以及下文“If someone you know is experiencing self-abuse thoughts or tendencies, don’t delay in seeking emergency help.”（如果你认识的人有自虐的想法或倾向，不要拖延寻求紧急帮助。）可知，选项与上文为转折关系，且成接下文说明有些事情是自己做不到的。要认识到自己的能力极限。故C选项“然而，了解你的极限是很重要的。”切题。故选C项。
Passage 13
（24-25高二下·湖南·阶段练习）When was the last time you had to memorize a phone number The chances are that it has been years, given that you can simply use your digital devices to memorize that number for you. In a world of digital information, a new phenomenon “digital amnesia”, which refers to the loss of our brains’ ability to remember information as we become dependent on technology to get data, is starting to spread across the country. 1 .
Establish a screen-free day
Start choosing one day of the week to put away your digital devices. If you need something to wake you up, avoid using your phone, as it’ll likely stimulate you to check your messages before you’re even stepping out of bed. 2 .
3
Instead of depending on your phone, set out to design a reliable workout plan, which uses printed instructions to train your memory. There are several techniques you can use, but whichever ones you choose, physical paper is the key. It allows you to exercise your brain to find the answer within the pages themselves, rather than turning to your phone for help.
Simplify your digital life
There is no denying that digital devices have made our lives extremely convenient. 4 . Although we can try to avoid using digital devices, it is undeniable that we will need them for certain tasks. Simplifying your digital life can help address digital amnesia. Removing what is not necessary can help you be less dependent on your devices.
5 . It can be a very effective tool, but its usefulness, or uselessness, entirely depends on your attitude. You have to learn how to use it correctly so that it doesn’t take over.
A．Exercise your memory
B．Stick to a practical plan
C．Luckily, there are ways you can take to deal with it
D．It can help you improve work efficiency and get organized
E．By not staring at your devices, you’ll give your brain a break
F．However, they can be harmful to our mental health and productivity
G．Despite the so-called digital amnesia, technology does have its place in our lives
【答案】1. C 2. E 3. A 4. F 5. G
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了数字时代出现的新现象——“数字健忘症”，即随着人们越来越依赖技术获取信息，大脑记忆信息的能力逐渐丧失，并提出了一些应对方法。
1. 根据上文“When was the last time you had to memorize a phone number The chances are that it has been years, given that you can simply use your digital devices to memorize that number for you. In a world of digital information, a new phenomenon “digital amnesia”, which refers to the loss of our brains’ ability to remember information as we become dependent on technology to get data, is starting to spread across the country.(你上一次记电话号码是什么时候？考虑到你可以简单地用你的数字设备来记住你的数字，很可能已经好几年了。在一个数字信息的世界里，一种新现象'数字健忘症”开始在全国蔓延。“数字健忘症”指的是我们的大脑由于依赖技术来获取数据而丧失了记忆信息的能力)”可知，上文提出‘数字健忘症’的问题，后文给出具体的方法，本句承上启下，既提到数字健忘症的问题，又引出下文将要讨论的解决方法。故C选项“幸运的是，你可以采取一些方法来处理它”符合语境，故选C。
2. 根据上文“Start choosing one day of the week to put away your digital devices. If you need something to wake you up, avoid using your phone, as it’ll likely stimulate you to check your messages before you’re even stepping out of bed.(开始选择一周中的一天来放下你的电子设备。如果你需要一些东西来唤醒你，那就不要用手机，因为它可能会刺激你在起床之前查看信息)”可知，空前提到了在这个日子里要避免使用手机等数字设备，以免在起床前就受到信息的干扰。E选项“不要盯着电子设备看，你的大脑会得到休息”承接上文，继续说明设立无屏幕日的好处，符合语境，故选E。
3. 此空为小标题；根据本段内容“Instead of depending on your phone, set out to design a reliable workout plan, which uses printed instructions to train your memory. There are several techniques you can use, but whichever ones you choose, physical paper is the key. It allows you to exercise your brain to find the answer within the pages themselves, rather than turning to your phone for help.(与其依赖你的手机，不如着手设计一个可靠的锻炼计划，使用打印的说明来训练你的记忆力。你可以使用几种技巧，但无论你选择哪一种，实体纸都是关键。它可以锻炼你的大脑在书页中找到答案，而不是求助于你的手机)”可知，本段主要讲的是不要依赖手机，而是要通过制定可靠的锻炼计划来训练记忆力，使用纸质指令来锻炼大脑在页面中寻找答案的能力。故A选项“锻炼记忆力”能够概括本段主旨，故选A。
4. 根据上文“There is no denying that digital devices have made our lives extremely convenient.(不可否认，数字设备使我们的生活非常方便)”以及后文“Although we can try to avoid using digital devices, it is undeniable that we will need them for certain tasks.(虽然我们可以尽量避免使用数字设备，但不可否认的是，我们将需要它们来完成某些任务)”可知，第四段先承认数字设备的便利，后需转折指出其负面影响。选项F通过“however”引出矛盾，衔接后文“简化数字生活”的必要性。故F选项“然而，它们可能对我们的心理健康和工作效率有害”符合语境，故选F。
5. 根据后文“It can be a very effective tool, but its usefulness, or uselessness, entirely depends on your attitude. You have to learn how to use it correctly so that it doesn’t take over.(它可以是一个非常有效的工具，但它的有用或无用，完全取决于你的态度。你必须学会如何正确地使用它，这样它才不会占上风)”可知，本句承上启下，既提到技术的存在性，又引出下文关于正确使用技术的讨论。故G选项“尽管有所谓的‘数字健忘症’，但科技确实在我们的生活中占有一席之地”符合语境，故选G。
Passage 14
（23-24高二下·陕西咸阳·阶段练习）The drive to create the new is part of our biological makeup. We build cultures by the hundreds and new stories by the millions. 1 But where do our new ideas come from
Through the history of human activities, prior art promotes the creative process. Before 1908, each vehicle was custom built, with different parts assembled in different places and then painstakingly brought together. 2 Nevertheless, the idea was something he learned about from the Chicago meatpacking industry. He simply assembled into a car the discoveries of other men behind whom were centuries of work. The mining of history happens not only in technology, but in the arts as well. Even in Picasso’s painting Les Demoisellesd’ Avignon, we can trace its genealogy (血统宗谱).
3 Take, for example, a surgeon named Anthony Cicoria, who in 1994 was speaking to his mother on an outdoor payphone when he was struck by a bolt of lightning. A few weeks later, he unexpectedly began composing and introduced his music works in subsequent years. If ever there were an example of creativity originating out of the thin air, this might be it.
However, on closer inspection, Cicoria also turns out to rely on the raw materials around him. He recalls that, after his accident, he developed a strong desire to listen to nineteenth-century piano music. It is difficult to know what the lightning strike did to his brain, but it is clear that he rapidly absorbed these musical products. 4
We humans are always waiting for the creative lightning to strike. 5 Instead of new ideas being lit up by lightning bolts, they arise from the interweaving billions of microscopic sparks in the vast darkness of the brain.
A．However, creative ideas evolve from existing memories and impressions.
B．We surround ourselves with things that have never existed before, while pigs and llamas and goldfish do not.
C．But is there any moment when someone is suddenly struck by an idea that comes from nowhere
D．But Henry Ford came up with a critical innovation of streamlining the entire process.
E．It shares the same structure and progression as other paintings.
F．No doubt the non-musician surely managed to compose due to the sudden idea flashing through his mind.
G．His sudden desire to compose may have come from nowhere, but his basic creative process did not.
【答案】1. B 2. D 3. C 4. G 5. A
【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章讨论了人类创新思想从哪里来。
1. 上文“We build cultures by the hundreds and new stories by the millions.(我们创造了数百种文化，创造了数百万个新故事)”提到，我们创造了数百种文化，创造了数百万个新故事，B项“我们周围有很多以前从未存在过的事物，而猪、羊驼和金鱼却没有”承接上文，进一步说明我们创造了很多东西，故选B。
2. 上文“Before 1908, each vehicle was custom built, with different parts assembled in different places and then painstakingly brought together.(在1908年之前，每辆车都是定制的，不同的部件在不同的地方组装，然后煞费苦心地组装在一起)”提到，车辆组装的繁琐过程，结合下文“Nevertheless, the idea was something he learned about from the Chicago meatpacking industry. He simply assembled into a car the discoveries of other men behind whom were centuries of work.(不过，这个想法是他从芝加哥肉类加工业那里学来的。他只是把其他人几个世纪的工作成果组装到一辆汽车里)”可知，空处是提到某个人关于汽车组装的想法，D项“但是亨利·福特想出了一个关键的创新方法来简化整个流程”符合语境，故选D。
3. 根据本段“Take, for example, a surgeon named Anthony Cicoria, who in 1994 was speaking to his mother on an outdoor payphone when he was struck by a bolt of lightning. A few weeks later, he unexpectedly began composing and introduced his music works in subsequent years. If ever there were an example of creativity originating out of the thin air, this might be it.(以一位名叫安东尼·西科里亚的外科医生为例，1994年，他在室外公用电话上与母亲通话时被一道闪电击中。几周后，他意外地开始作曲，并在随后的几年里介绍了他的音乐作品。如果说有一个创意凭空产生的例子，那可能就是它了)”可知，本段是关于凭空产生灵感，C项“但是，是否会有这样的时刻，一个人突然有了一个不知道从哪里来的想法？”符合语境，故选C。
4. 上文提到Cicoria凭空产生音乐灵感，结合本段首句“However, on closer inspection, Cicoria also turns out to rely on the raw materials around him.(然而，仔细观察，Cicoria也依赖于他周围的原材料)”可知，本段和上文是转折关系，说明Cicoria的创作并非凭空产生，空处总结本段，G项“他突然对作曲的渴望可能是凭空而来的，但他的基本创作过程却并非如此”符合语境，故选G。
5. 上文“We humans are always waiting for the creative lightning to strike.(我们人类总是在等待创造性的闪电来袭)”提到，我们人类总是在等待创造性的闪电来袭，结合下文“Instead of new ideas being lit up by lightning bolts, they arise from the interweaving billions of microscopic sparks in the vast darkness of the brain.(新想法不是由闪电点燃的，而是由大脑巨大的黑暗中数十亿微小的火花交织而成的)”可知，新想法不是由闪电点燃，而是大脑中的火花交织而成，故空处和上文形成转折关系，A项“然而，创意是从现有的记忆和印象中发展而来的”符合语境，故选A。
Passage 15
（24-25高二下·河南·阶段练习）The holidays are upon us, and as the end of the year draws ever closer, millions of people will visit friends and relatives. 1 , especially if your guests don’t know how to read body language and refuse to leave.
Prepare your house properly in advance
To ensure that you can relax and enjoy the time with your guests, take the time to guest-proof your home before the crowds arrive. For example, check that the outdoor lighting is working and sufficient to light the way from parking areas to the front door. 2 . Protect the floors with spare rugs, waterproof mats, and boot trays so your guests don’t ruin your floors with rain and snow.
3
Your home is your castle, and you obviously get to set the rules. If something is important to you, for example, asking guests to remove their shoes, you should make it very clear so there’s no misunderstanding. Don’t be afraid to place a sign in the entryway with a list of house rules if they’re important to you.
Protect your private spaces
Just because you’re opening your home and inviting people inside doesn’t mean they automatically have the run of the place. While certain areas of the home are going to be considered open to your guests, you can definitely mark certain areas of your home as private and you should. Your own bedroom, the master bathroom, and any room you don’t want people to enter for any reason can be marked. 4 .
Secure your valuables
It’s doubtful that your relatives or dear friends have come to your holiday gathering as part of a well-designed plan to rob you. 5 — stuff gets knocked over, pushed over the edge of a table or dresser, or picked up and put down in an unexpected spot. To prevent any misunderstandings or property loss, walk through the house before guests arrive and put away anything you’d rather not lose.
A．But accidents happen
B．Clean up the bathrooms
C．Show the rules that are important to you
D．Hosting friends and relatives can be difficult
E．Clear snow and ice from steps, walkways and porches
F．Don’t be afraid to lock a door or put up a sign to make this very clear
G．Guests are going to use your bathrooms and probably wander in and out of the kitchen
【答案】1. D 2. E 3. C 4. F 5. A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在节假日期间，如何准备和接待来访的朋友和亲戚，确保自己能够放松并享受与他们共度的时光。
1. 根据下文“especially if your guests don’t know how to read body language and refuse to leave.(尤其是如果你的客人不懂得解读肢体语言，还拒绝离开。)”可知，招待亲朋好友可能会有困难。选项D“Hosting friends and relatives can be difficult(招待亲朋好友可能会很困难)”符合语境，引出下文。故选D。
2. 根据上文“check that the outdoor lighting is working and sufficient to light the way from parking areas to the front door(检查室外照明是否正常，是否足以照亮从停车场到前门的路)”以及下文“Protect the floors with spare rugs, waterproof mats, and boot trays so your guests don’t ruin your floors with rain and snow.(用备用地毯、防水地垫和鞋架保护地板，这样你的客人就不会用雨雪弄脏你的地板)”可知，此处应是关于室外其他准备工作的内容。选项E“Clear snow and ice from steps, walkways and porches(清理台阶、人行道和门廊上的冰雪)”符合室外准备工作的逻辑。故选E。
3. 空处为小标题，为本段主要内容；根据下文“Your home is your castle, and you obviously get to set the rules. If something is important to you, for example, asking guests to remove their shoes, you should make it very clear so there’s no misunderstanding. Don’t be afraid to place a sign in the entryway with a list of house rules if they’ re important to you.(你的家就是你的城堡，显然你可以制定规则。如果有什么对你来说很重要，比如要求客人脱鞋，你应该明确说明，以免产生误解。如果这些规则对你很重要，不要害怕在入口处张贴一份家规清单。)”可知，要说明主人可以在家里制定自己的规则，并让客人明确知道。选项C“Show the rules that are important to you(展示对你来说重要的规则)”能概括本段内容，适合作为小标题。故选C。
4. 根据上文“Your own bedroom, the master bathroom, and any room you don’t want people to enter for any reason can be marked.(你自己的卧室、主浴室，以及任何你出于某种原因不想让别人进入的房间都可以做标记。)”可知，上文指出要让客人清楚这些是私人区域。选项F“Don’t be afraid to lock a door or put up a sign to make this very clear(不要害怕锁门或张贴标志来明确这一点)”符合语境，进一步说明如何让客人明确私人区域。故选F。
5. 根据上文“It’s doubtful that your relatives or dear friends have come to your holiday gathering as part of a well-designed plan to rob you. (你的亲戚或挚友不太可能是精心策划来你家聚会并抢劫你的)”以及下文“stuff gets knocked over, pushed over the edge of a table or dresser, or picked up and put down in an unexpected spot. (东西可能会被碰倒、从桌子或梳妆台上推落，或者被拿起后放在意想不到的地方)”可知，虽然不太可能是故意抢劫，但意外可能会发生。选项A“But accidents happen(但意外会发生)”符合语境，引出下文关于意外情况的描述。故选A。七选五15篇 高二下 第一次月考 梯度特训
建议用时 90分钟
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5
二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10
三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15
Passage 1
（23-24高二下·江西吉安·阶段练习）The holidays can be a difficult time to stay on track with your fitness goals. 1 . Even the most disciplined people can find it difficult to stick to their fitness routines during the holiday season. Here are some expert-recommended tips that can help you stay on track.
2 .
Planning is the best way to make sure you don’t lose track of your goals. Plan your workouts for the week and mark them in your schedule to assure they are a part of your day.
Exercise early.
3 . Make sure workouts are in the morning and you’ll set yourself up for a productive day. Then you can enjoy holiday activities and time with family without worrying about when you’ll have time to exercise.
Keep moving.
Research shows that getting up for just five minutes every 30 to 60 minutes and performing light activities reduces the risk of heart disease risk factors. Small efforts to get moving can help your overall health during the holidays. In addition to staying active, try to avoid sitting for long periods of time, such as when watching football games or eating. 4 .
Think out of the box.
The holidays are busy, but do your best to avoid the “all or nothing” mentality when it comes to physical activity. 5 — like taking a family walk around the neighborhood before opening Christmas presents.
A．Plan ahead
B．Plan out your route before you go
C．Exercising in the morning is one of the biggest tips
D．Remember: too much sitting is harmful to your health
E．Your schedule will be filled with family gatherings and celebrations
F．Get creative with exercise and make physical activity a family affair
G．Rather than skipping the gym altogether, make time for a quick workout
Passage 2
（23-24高二下·湖南·阶段练习）Making a Difference
In my 7th-grade year, we undertook a project focused on encouraging people to register to vote. I discovered that the registration process is quite simple, and I couldn’t understand why many individuals weren’t registered. 1 . I also learned that anyone who is 18 can vote.
2 ; we would make a change in our community. The school set up a voter registration day. It was part of the school’s Open House, a day we knew many people would be there. My brother was 18. I asked him if he was registered, and he said. “Why should I register I don’t think it is important.” I told him when people elected someone, that person would decide things that could help improve the city. I asked him to come to the Open House. 3 . I did not know what he meant.
My brother surprised me. He called the registrar’s office. He was calling to find out where he could register, but he learned more. 4 . He would have to go to a training session. Then he would be able to help others get registered. So he went downtown, and he not only registered as a voter but also began training to be a registrar.
My brother talked with his high school social studies teacher. He said he wanted to help other students get registered. The teacher set. up a voter registration table in the lunchroom. My brother sat there every day for a week. When students came in, if they were 18, they could go to register at his table. 5 . My brother had done all that himself. We both had made a big difference.
A．He didn’t come right away
B．He said he would do better than that
C．Our class decided to do something about this
D．He found out he could be a volunteer registrar
E．I wanted to find out why they refused to register
F．At the end of the week, 108 students had registered
G．I learned in social studies that voting is a crucial aspect of being a citizen
Passage 3
（23-24高二下·山东枣庄·阶段练习）Confidence plays a very important role in people’s life. It gives people light when they are in dark and encouragement when they are dismayed. 1 People who show confidence seem to grab more rewarding careers, maintain better relationships, and may make miracles in the face of extreme difficulties.
So what is the secret of confidence In fact, there is no secret. 2 It is built, not inborn. You can try these simple tips for practicing and increasing our confidence levels:
First, dare to fail. 3 If you are not failing, you are not trying. Only when we face up to our difficulties, can we build up our confidence and give ourselves a chance of success.
Second, dress your success. You don’t have to be beautiful to be confident. Make the most of your won unique physical assets and downplay your flaws so that you know you’re giving out your best image.
Third, listen to yourself; do not despise yourself. You are the only person who knows what is right for yourself. 4
Last, build a confidence vocabulary. Stop putting yourself down, and quit incessantly confessing your tiny flaws. Learn to highlight your positive attributes and the world will learn to see and appreciate them too.
5 We should build confidence through constant and patient effort. Only when we have enough confidence in ourselves, can we take the first step on the road to success.
A．Confidence is a plant that grows slowly.
B．It is the first step on the road to success.
C．People are always eager to achieve success.
D．You should openly express your inner ideas.
E．Don’t put others’ opinion above our own inner voice.
F．Self-confidence is a skill everyone can learn to develop.
G．Anybody who’s genuinely striving is going to fail repeatedly.
Passage 4
（24-25高二下·湖南长沙·开学考试）Although many people still like to have three main meals a day, others are choosing a lighter way of eating rather than rich meals. 1 . The important thing is to make sure you choose healthy foods. 2
The demands of modern life mean that we don’t always have the opportunity to sit down and eat three meals a day. For some people, the pressures of combining work and family leave little time for food preparation. Others regularly eat on their own and don’t want to bother cooking a full meal.
Focus on nutrients
There is no “right” way of eating, as long as you take in all the nutrients your body requires. 3 . Boredom or stress can drive us to the fridge, or corner shop. If you make sure all your snacks are nutritious ones, as well as lower in fat and sugar, you are less likely to eat beyond your body’s needs.
Choose healthy snacks
Starchy carbohydrates（淀粉类碳水化合物）have a lot to offer nutritionally and make excellent choices as the basis both for snacks and for lunch. 4 . Fresh fruits or vegetables are both excellent choices for a light snack. Although not as filling as starchy carbohydrate foods, some of them are high in disease-fighting vitamins.
Making time for lunch
5 , most of us try to make time for lunch, even if it is just a “light bite”—a sandwich in the office, or a simple hot dish in the canteen, Lunch is an essential pause in the middle of the day, a chance to relax and recharge our batteries a little.
A．As we are familiar with our habits
B．Either option is equally acceptable
C．Eat in a way that suits your lifestyle
D．We don’t just eat because we’re hungry
E．Change your lifestyle through eating properly
F．No matter what our eating pattern is for the rest of the day
G．They are filling and help you stay filled with energy for a while
Passage 5
（22-23高二下·山东·阶段练习）I am Daniel, 30. I never thought that I would be teaching a class. My teaching experience has been unbelievable. 1 Here are some of the many things I learned when teaching an adult education class at WRCC (Windham Regional Career Center).
When I was first offered the opportunity to teach an adult education class on technology, I thought it would be a great experience. However, I didn't realize how much fun it would be. I never felt like it was something unpleasant. Before I would start my class, especially for the first few times, I would get very nervous. 2
One of the reasons I enjoyed my teaching experience so much was the great students I had. In a high school class, usually not everyone concentrates on the class. 3 They all wanted to be learning and improving themselves there.
4 Each one of my students had a different level of experience and different things they wanted to learn. This made it very hard to try and get everyone on the same page.
I learned that teaching requires more than just reading notes al oud and guiding students. It requires reinforcement (巩固), seeking feedback, and a million other things that I had never thought of. I owe a lot to my business teacher, Ms Cornell, who gave me any amount of help and advice. 5 Given the opportunity, I would be willing to teach there again in the future.
A．Teaching is not always an easy job.
B．The class required a lot of preparation.
C．This was definitely not true with my students.
D．I still feel funny to call people “my students”.
E．I think I learned as much from the class as the students did.
F．But I began to really enjoy it before long and my anxiety gradually went away.
G．Without her, I would not overcome the difficulties during my teaching experience.
Passage 6
（23-24高二下·广东湛江·开学考试）What is your favourite colour Do you like yellow, orange, red 1
Do you prefer greys and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be pessimist (悲观主义者). At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. 2 If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
3 A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. 4 A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides (自杀) than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
5 It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.
A．On the other hand, black is depressing.
B．They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favourite colour as grow up—we are born with our preference.
C．The rooms are painted in different colours as you like.
D．If you do, you must be an optimist (乐观主义者), a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.
E．Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active.
F．Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colours.
G．Colours do influence our moods—there is no doubt about it.
Passage 7
（23-24高二下·广西·开学考试）Awake Here Is How to Return to Sleep
It is usual for people to wake up a few times during the night. Older people often get up to go to the bathroom. Waking at night usually is not a problem.
But what about some other people If it happens a few times a week, there may be a troublesome reason. 1 . Such sleep difficulties are called insomnia (失眠). You may wake up, look at the clock and worry about your work. There may be stressful things on your mind. These feelings may activate a stress hormone in your body. If you worry about not sleeping, it may make it harder to fall asleep.
What to do.
If you are awake 25 minutes or more, 2 . Gentle stretches or breathing exercises might help. Meditation (冥想) also may work. You may sit on a couch and read a book or magazine in dim light. Do not read on a smartphone or a table t in rayless place.
Try to go back to sleep.
3 . Coffee can stay in your digestive system well into the evening.
Napping lowers your drive to fall asleep in the evening. Avoid napping late in the day. Nap no later than early afternoon. 4
Try to keep to a routine schedule for sleep. There is a problem when you go to bed and wake up at different times. Studies have shown that irregular bedtimes may lead to insomnia. 5 , called circadian rhythms (昼夜节律). They work on 24-hour cycles.
If you get up during the night to go to the bathroom, limit how much water or liquids you drink a few hours before bedtime.
A．Avoid coffee after 2 p. m.
B．Try to avoid naps
C．And do not nap anytime longer than 30 minutes
D．The problem has to do with the sleep cycle of your body
E．get out of bed and do something quiet
F．Stress and anxiety are some of the reasons people have sleep difficulties
G．Here are some reasons for the difficulties in your sleeping
Passage 8
（23-24高二下·河南·开学考试）For many of us, it is not easy to feel inspired by the artworks that we see at museums. Here are some tips on how to create that meaningful connection.
Keep an open mind
Once you are in an art museum, try not to have any ideas about what you’re about to see. 1 . You can love it. You can hate it. Just tell yourself that it’s OK.
Draw personal connections to the art
When you see an artwork, just let your mind wander and follow your thought wherever it leads you. 2 . As a result, a deep connection will happen.
3
You can increase the chances of finding an art piece you connect with by going to a museum that interests you. If you’re interested in climate change, for example, you may pick a museum that’s showing artworks inspired by Earth conservation.
Really “look at” the art
After you have found an artwork you like, take time to observe it closely. You can take a finger to the air and follow the outline of the figure or the movement of the brushstrokes. 4 .
Keep your museum visit short and focused
Art museums can be huge. So be realistic about how long you can spend at the museum. 5 . After that, it’s hard to stay focused and understand what you’ve seen.
A．Reflect and appreciate
B．You don’t need more than an hour or two
C．Pick a museum that is related to your interests
D．Instead, allow yourself to feel how the art makes you feel
E．The free associations will help create emotional reactions in you
F．Such accompanying activities can help you more deeply appreciate the art
G．Study the subject of the art, which can affect on how you feel about the work
Passage 9
（23-24高二下·湖南长沙·阶段练习）Sweating may not be your favorite thing to do, but it is a necessary process for maintaining the health of the human body. 1 Here are four research-backed reasons why this salt-based fluid can benefit you.
Sweating is good for your skin.
Sweat is known to cool the skin, bringing toxins (毒素) to the surface and giving the skin a healthy glow. Research shows that sweating can increase and maintain skin hydration. However, leaving sweat on the skin for too long can cause skin diseases such as acne (痤疮). 2
Sweating makes you happy.
When you are hot, your heart beats faster to cool the body, releasing endorphins that cause feelings of joy. 3 In a recent study, people who smelled “joyful sweat” displayed tendencies associated with happiness. However, those exposed to fear-induced sweat showed characteristics of terror.
Sweating supports your heart.
When sitting in a sauna (桑拿), your body temperature rises, so your body works overtime to cool itself down by sweating. 4 A 20-year Finnish study found that people who sweated it out regularly in a sauna had a lower rate of sudden cardiac (心脏的) deaths.
5
If you sweat heavily during exercise, that’s usually a positive sign. Athletes tend to sweat sooner and more than inactive people. Their bodies have learned to cool down more efficiently during physical activity. A study conducted by the Public Library of Science supports this, showing that long-distance runners not only got sweatier sooner, but also activated more sweat glands (汗腺), resulting in more sweat than their non-active counterparts.
A．And you’ll be better off for it.
B．Sweating a lot means that you are fit.
C．Thus, it’s essential to wash your face and body after sweating.
D．Sweat is the stuff that floods out when our body temperature rises.
E．Sweating contributes to a decrease in blood pressure to some extent.
F．Your sweaty self can also make those around you feel more delightful.
G．This is a natural bodily function that helps to regulate body temperature and prevent overheating.
Passage 10
（23-24高二下·江苏宿迁·阶段练习）Anger Management
Maybe you have a serious attitude to life, or perhaps you are just angry. Everyone gets angry. 1 The following strategies will help you manage it in more positive ways.
Angry people tend to swear to reflect their inner thoughts. 2 For instance, instead of telling yourself, “oh, it’s awful, it’s terrible, everything’s ruined,” tell yourself, “it’s understandable that I’m upset about it, but it’s not the end of the world and getting angry is not going to fix it anyhow.”
Don’t say the first thing that comes into your head, but slowdown and think carefully about what you want to say. Listen carefully to what the other person is saying and take your time before answering. At the same time, it’s natural to get defensive when you’re criticized, but don’t fight back. 3
Give yourself a break. 4 One example is the working mother who has a standing rule that when she comes home from work, for the first 15 minutes “nobody talks to Mom unless the house is on fire.” After this brief quiet time, she feels better prepared to handle demands from her kids without blowing up at them.
Not all anger is inappropriate, and often it’s a healthy, natural response. 5 And it disappoints us to find out that this isn’t always the case. The best attitude to bring to such a situation, then, is not to focus on finding the solution, but rather on how you handle and face the problem.
A．But letting it get out of control is harmful.
B．We should have a positive attitude towards anger.
C．Try replacing emotional thoughts with more reasonable ones.
D．There is also a cultural belief that every problem has a solution.
E．That means letting go of the busy schedule and focus on the moment.
F．Make sure you have some “personal time” scheduled for stressful days.
G．Keeping your head can keep the situation from becoming a disastrous one.
Passage 11
（23-24高二下·广东惠州·阶段练习）How to Survive Overthinking
●Focus on the big picture.
1 While you might be able to learn something new by giving these things some quick consideration, it’s better to step back and look at the whole picture. If you’re crushing on (迷恋) someone, for example, you might think about their every comment or facial expression after you see them- but examining every interaction for telling details can keep you from seeing what’s really going on.
●Distract (分心) yourself when you’re overthinking.
Do something that you find fun and engaging. When your thoughts are running away from you, sometimes you just need to do something else for a while. 2 Some people enjoy coloring or doing puzzles, while others may enjoy going for a walk.
●Get your thoughts down on paper.
Try spending 10 minutes a day writing down your thoughts. 3 When you write, it helps you organize your thoughts, so they don’t feel so confused and overwhelming (压垮的) in your mind.
Writing can also help you get to the root of what’s going on.
●Talk out your thoughts with a friend.
Saying your thoughts out loud can help you process them. If you just can’t seem to move past your thoughts, try opening up to someone you really trust, like a close family member or a friend. Tell them what you’re dealing with and why you think you keep coming back to these thoughts. 4 They might just have some good advice that might put your mind at ease.
●Try to see problems as challenges.
Look for solutions instead of just replaying the obstacle. If you notice that you’re just thinking about every little detail of a decision you’re facing, try to reframe your thoughts. Focus on how you can solve the problem, or what you can learn from it. 5
A．Big problems seem less terrible when you break them down.
B．Journaling can be a really powerful way to calm overthinking.
C．When you're overthinking, you tend to get caught up in details.
D．When you’re finished, give them some space to share their opinions.
E．This simple shift can help you feel empowered instead of overwhelmed.
F．Anything will work, as long as it gets your mind off whatever is bothering you.
G．You might notice you tend to overthink when you’re anxious about a difficult situation.
Passage 12
（23-24高二下·湖北·阶段练习）Knowledge is power, and the more you learn about mental health, the better the position you may be in to help those facing mental health battles. Consider doing the following things to support those closest to you.
Attend a training course
1 . In fact, anyone can benefit from depression awareness training that focuses on supporting those at risk. You might be a teacher that manages youth or a sports coach wanting to pick up on depression risk signs in your players. You may even be a worried parent who wants to make sure your children can tell you anything. Depression awareness and prevention courses teach you both theoretical and practical skills to recognize warning signs and behaviors. 2 .
Listen
If someone approaches you in their time of need, it’s not always easy to know what you’re supposed to do, and it may be more beneficial for you to just listen. 3 . They may just need to get what they are feeling off their chest and to feel valid at that moment. Try your best not to interrupt, but ask questions if you require clarification. The more listening you do, the better your position in deciding what to do next.
4
While being a listening ear is sometimes all someone needs to feel better, you can also become an ongoing source of support. Check in with the person experiencing a mental health problem like depression so that they know you are always there for them. Make contact with them regularly to see how they are feeling. Just knowing someone cares can make a world of difference.
Call emergency services
Your support, guidance, and listening ear can be of great value to anyone going through a tough time. 5 . If someone you know is experiencing self-abuse thoughts or tendencies, don’t delay in seeking emergency help. The faster you act, the safer your friend or family member may be.
A．Check in with them
B．Suggest support services
C．However, it’s essential to know your limits
D．Such a course may just help you to prevent someone’s depression
E．They may not need you to offer solutions or even give them a hug
F．Sometimes, the best thing you can do is encourage them to seek professional help
G．You don’t have to be in a professional health role to attend depression prevention training
Passage 13
（24-25高二下·湖南·阶段练习）When was the last time you had to memorize a phone number The chances are that it has been years, given that you can simply use your digital devices to memorize that number for you. In a world of digital information, a new phenomenon “digital amnesia”, which refers to the loss of our brains’ ability to remember information as we become dependent on technology to get data, is starting to spread across the country. 1 .
Establish a screen-free day
Start choosing one day of the week to put away your digital devices. If you need something to wake you up, avoid using your phone, as it’ll likely stimulate you to check your messages before you’re even stepping out of bed. 2 .
3
Instead of depending on your phone, set out to design a reliable workout plan, which uses printed instructions to train your memory. There are several techniques you can use, but whichever ones you choose, physical paper is the key. It allows you to exercise your brain to find the answer within the pages themselves, rather than turning to your phone for help.
Simplify your digital life
There is no denying that digital devices have made our lives extremely convenient. 4 . Although we can try to avoid using digital devices, it is undeniable that we will need them for certain tasks. Simplifying your digital life can help address digital amnesia. Removing what is not necessary can help you be less dependent on your devices.
5 . It can be a very effective tool, but its usefulness, or uselessness, entirely depends on your attitude. You have to learn how to use it correctly so that it doesn’t take over.
A．Exercise your memory
B．Stick to a practical plan
C．Luckily, there are ways you can take to deal with it
D．It can help you improve work efficiency and get organized
E．By not staring at your devices, you’ll give your brain a break
F．However, they can be harmful to our mental health and productivity
G．Despite the so-called digital amnesia, technology does have its place in our lives
Passage 14
（23-24高二下·陕西咸阳·阶段练习）The drive to create the new is part of our biological makeup. We build cultures by the hundreds and new stories by the millions. 1 But where do our new ideas come from
Through the history of human activities, prior art promotes the creative process. Before 1908, each vehicle was custom built, with different parts assembled in different places and then painstakingly brought together. 2 Nevertheless, the idea was something he learned about from the Chicago meatpacking industry. He simply assembled into a car the discoveries of other men behind whom were centuries of work. The mining of history happens not only in technology, but in the arts as well. Even in Picasso’s painting Les Demoisellesd’ Avignon, we can trace its genealogy (血统宗谱).
3 Take, for example, a surgeon named Anthony Cicoria, who in 1994 was speaking to his mother on an outdoor payphone when he was struck by a bolt of lightning. A few weeks later, he unexpectedly began composing and introduced his music works in subsequent years. If ever there were an example of creativity originating out of the thin air, this might be it.
However, on closer inspection, Cicoria also turns out to rely on the raw materials around him. He recalls that, after his accident, he developed a strong desire to listen to nineteenth-century piano music. It is difficult to know what the lightning strike did to his brain, but it is clear that he rapidly absorbed these musical products. 4
We humans are always waiting for the creative lightning to strike. 5 Instead of new ideas being lit up by lightning bolts, they arise from the interweaving billions of microscopic sparks in the vast darkness of the brain.
A．However, creative ideas evolve from existing memories and impressions.
B．We surround ourselves with things that have never existed before, while pigs and llamas and goldfish do not.
C．But is there any moment when someone is suddenly struck by an idea that comes from nowhere
D．But Henry Ford came up with a critical innovation of streamlining the entire process.
E．It shares the same structure and progression as other paintings.
F．No doubt the non-musician surely managed to compose due to the sudden idea flashing through his mind.
G．His sudden desire to compose may have come from nowhere, but his basic creative process did not.
Passage 15
（24-25高二下·河南·阶段练习）The holidays are upon us, and as the end of the year draws ever closer, millions of people will visit friends and relatives. 1 , especially if your guests don’t know how to read body language and refuse to leave.
Prepare your house properly in advance
To ensure that you can relax and enjoy the time with your guests, take the time to guest-proof your home before the crowds arrive. For example, check that the outdoor lighting is working and sufficient to light the way from parking areas to the front door. 2 . Protect the floors with spare rugs, waterproof mats, and boot trays so your guests don’t ruin your floors with rain and snow.
3
Your home is your castle, and you obviously get to set the rules. If something is important to you, for example, asking guests to remove their shoes, you should make it very clear so there’s no misunderstanding. Don’t be afraid to place a sign in the entryway with a list of house rules if they’re important to you.
Protect your private spaces
Just because you’re opening your home and inviting people inside doesn’t mean they automatically have the run of the place. While certain areas of the home are going to be considered open to your guests, you can definitely mark certain areas of your home as private and you should. Your own bedroom, the master bathroom, and any room you don’t want people to enter for any reason can be marked. 4 .
Secure your valuables
It’s doubtful that your relatives or dear friends have come to your holiday gathering as part of a well-designed plan to rob you. 5 — stuff gets knocked over, pushed over the edge of a table or dresser, or picked up and put down in an unexpected spot. To prevent any misunderstandings or property loss, walk through the house before guests arrive and put away anything you’d rather not lose.
A．But accidents happen
B．Clean up the bathrooms
C．Show the rules that are important to you
D．Hosting friends and relatives can be difficult
E．Clear snow and ice from steps, walkways and porches
F．Don’t be afraid to lock a door or put up a sign to make this very clear
G．Guests are going to use your bathrooms and probably wander in and out of the kitchen

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