资源简介

北京大兴区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末
英语检测试卷
考生须知
1.本试卷共10页，满分100分。考试时间90分钟。
2.在试卷和答题卡上准确填写学校名称、班级、姓名和准考证号。
3.试题答案一律填涂在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
4.在答题卡上，选择题用2B铅笔作答，其他题用黑色字迹签字笔作答。
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Life has a tendency to throw obstacles to Steph in the way. Her single mother supported three daughters on a modest income. After dropping out she found a job, and tried to figure out what to do with her ___1___.
The answer came one afternoon when she was cleaning the closet. Inside a box she ___2___ two pages from the teacher, Dorothy Clark, who had her junior year.
One afternoon, Mrs. Clark walked into the classroom carrying a stack of papers titled “Mrs. Clark’s Book List” which included 153 books, ___3___ different subjects. “It wasn’t homework,” the teacher announced, “but it could be a road map.”
So it began. Starting at the top, Steph would read every book in the order they appeared. Over the years, the reading list was a ___4___ in her life even on vacation traveling with her so she could head to bookstores for the next book on the list. “It was fun, like a treasure hunt.” Despite missing college, the ___5___ bookworm has accomplished the-mission within five years.
“I feel ___6___ through the list. Each of those books ___7___ my passion to learn more about the person, subject matter, or time in history, which made me look for other books, hoping to ___8___ my knowledge.”
Steph wishes she could share with Mrs. Clark how the list has changed her life and what she attains. ___9___ a simple classroom handout, at least one young woman who couldn’t afford college was the better for it. “It was not merely a book list but a guidance out of ___10___.”
1. A. skill B. life C. dream D. destination
2. A. spotted B. realized C. examined D. held
3 A. consisting B. conveying C. covering D. changing
4. A. tool B. constant C. reward D. fortune
5. A. terrifying B. recognised C. harmful D. passionate
6. A. optimistic B. enlightened C. amused D. panic
7. A. restrict B. dismiss C. stimulate D. protect
8. A. maintain B. share C. assess D. enhance
9. A. Apart from B. Instead of C. Thanks to D. Regardless of
10. A. confusion B. trouble C. pain D. misunderstanding
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Every year ahead of the arrival of Lunar New Year, China Philately (集邮) published stamps and ___11___ (culture) products as a festive warm-up. The collection, ___12___ (launch) over the weekend in Shanghai, includes notebooks, postcards, stamps to celebrate the coming Year of the Snake, ___13___ begins on Jan 29. Harry Potter fans can also purchase movie-themed products relating to snakes. This is a truly dreamlike combination of Chinese and Western culture.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Dom Pecora taught himself to fix bikes by watching videos ___14___ he was a little kid. Afterwards, he started doing repairs to raise money for his dream mountain bike and even ___15___ (decide) to surprise six other kids with brand-new bikes. His biggest goal now is ___16___ (give) away 100 bikes or more per year to people who are suffering from health issues or dealing with homelessness.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Many people feel they ___17___ (catch) in the irresistible overuse of their smart phones. A ___18___ (grow) body of evidence shows that the more time a person ___19___ (spend) consuming digital media each day, the more likely they are to struggle with depression and anxiety. What do we know about ___20___ phones affect our day-to-day social interactions It’s a complicated question because it’s not just about smartphone use, it’s about what you are doing in your life and where your focus is.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Sledding in the Forest Preserves
One of the benefits of winter in Cook County is zooming down the gently sloping hills in the forest. Another benefit Four locations have lights on the hill, so you can keep the sledding fun going despite the early sunsets. The four forest hills are open until 7:30 or 8:30 p.m. and, of course, if there's enough snow. Please note you cannot bring your own sled. Sledding rentals are $15 for a half day, $25 for the full day. There is no additional charge for use of the sloping hills. Check site for contact numbers and snow conditions. fpdcc. com/things-to-do/sledding
Bobby Hull Community Ice Rink
The area near West Community has one of the biggest wintertime draws for families who want to hit the ice. Cicero's outdoor rink offers a range of frozen fun, including skating lessons, open skates and the chance to practice skills. Visit the rink's Facebook page for schedule details. Bobby Hull Community Ice Rink, 3400S. 53rd Ave, Cicero. $12 for open skates, S3 skate rental; cash only. http:///bobbyhullcommunityicerink
Mount Hoy Snow Tubing
The trip down Mount Hoy is a lively one: 800 feet from top to bottom. And as long as it's covered in three or more inches of snow, you' re welcome to rent a tube and zoom down. The hill is open 10 a.m. till 4 p.m. weekends and holidays through Feb. 23; tube rentals end at 3:30 p.m. At Blackwell Forest Preserve, Butterfield Road between Winfield Road and Route 59, Warrenville. Admission is free, but personal tubes are not allowed. $ 10 rental per tube. https:///y9nox4et
Winter Wonderland and Ice Rink
Haven't gotten your fill of the brisk cold hitting your face as you practice your double salchows and triple lutzes on the ice Don't worry! The Village of Orland Park's rink is open seven days a week, starting at 4 p.m. on weekdays and noon on weekends. The rink offers free helmet rentals, plus a warming house for those who prefer to cheer from the sidelines. Winter Wonderland Ice Rink, 15600 West Avenue and Fun Drive, Orland Park. Admission: $20 Adult, $15 Student 5-17; S3 for skate rental. http://orlandpark. org/services/parks/ice-rink
21. If you want to take ice skating lessons, visit _____________________ for more information.
A. https:///y9nox4et
B. http://fpdcc.com things to-do/sledding
C. http://orlandpark. org/services/parks/ice –rink
D. http:///bobbyhullcommunityicerink
22. If you had $10, you could choose_____________________.
A. Mount Hoy Snow Tubing B. Sledding in the Forest Preserves
C. Bobby Hull Community Ice Rink D. Winter Wonderland and Ice Rink
23. Which of the following statements is True
A. The opening hours are 10 a.m. to 4 p.m. every day till Feb.23 at Mount Hoy.
B. Bobby Hull Community Ice Rink is an attraction near West Community.
C. No warming house is available at the Village of Orland Park's rink.
D. There is always enough snow for sledding in the forest preserves.
B
A year ago, I decided to create a more environmentally friendly kitchen, focusing on reducing the single-use products such as plastic bags and paper towels. I’m not going to sugarcoat my experience. It takes commitment and a willingness to change long-held habits. In creating my kitchen, I tried a lot of different alternative products and some plain old common sense; the result, however, has been worth the effort. I’m recycling more and relying less on single-use products and I’m saving money too.
I’m not kidding when I say that I used to really love plastic storage bags, so this was, perhaps, the biggest challenge for me. Switching to reusable storage bags is a financial investment, but the cost is reasonable considering that I previously spent at least $100 annually on single-use plastic bags and wrap. I will check online periodically for recycling updates, where a zero-waste box for kitchen items is offered, from party supplies to mixed-material food containers.
I’m a clean freak (怪人) and used to go through an amount of paper towels on a daily basis, but it’s easy enough to take old T-shirts or towels and cut them up to use to wipe down surfaces. I’m also a fan of bamboo paper towels, which have the look and feel of traditional paper towels, yet are made from a highly renewable source and also break down in just 45 days. Better yet, they can be reused up to 100 times. As for kitchen sponges (海绵擦), I keep an eye out for those made with natural and recyclable materials.
When purchasing household items online from companies like Amazon or Jet, I will ask to have them shipped in as few boxes as possible or as small a box as possible if a single item is to be sent. I’ll let the company know that they should pay more attention to how it is packaging items for delivery.
24. What is the author’s main purpose of creating her kitchen
A. To save money. B. To promote her long-held habits.
C. To reduce waste and recycle more. D. To make it cleaner and more practical.
25. In creating her kitchen, what does the author do
A. Begins to recycle more single-use plastic bags.
B. Checks online periodically to buy zero-waste boxes.
C. Chooses to use the recyclable or reusable kitchen items.
D. Goes through an amount of paper towels on a daily basis.
26. What can we learn about the author from the text
A. She is used to traditional paper towels.
B. She has strong environmental awareness.
C. She has a good knowledge of financial investment.
D. She prefers to have her purchases packed in single-use boxes.
C
An AI model can be used to detect stress in office workers based on how they use their mouse and keyboard. A new study suggests that a machine-learning model using these two elements was more accurate at detecting stress in people than a model that tracked their heart-rate data.
“We saw that the models that just used the mouse and keyboard data performed better than the models that had the heart-rate data in it,” says Mart Naegelin. a Ph. D. student at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, and one of the study’s authors.
Naegelin and her fellow researchers used machine-learning models to analyze data on keyboard-typing activity, mouse movements and heart-rate data. They also studied the data of a combination of two or all three of these elements to determine which performed best in terms of measuring stress. They found that the model trained on mouse and keyboard data performed better than the model that used mouse, keyboard and heart rates. Of the single-modality (形态) models, the heart-rate data performed the worst. “The test was conducted in an environment that simulated an office environment, so the results still need to be confirmed in real-life scenarios (情况),” Naegelin says.
In the experiment, participants were divided into three groups. A control group carried out assigned tasks, such as planning meetings and collecting data, with no additional work. A second group at times answered questions from managers in person in a mock interview scenario while completing other assigned tasks. And members of a third group were, at certain points, interrupted with additional questions sent through an online chat on top of tasks assigned to other groups. At regular intervals during the experiment, participants were asked to rate their stress levels through a computer questionnaire.
Researchers learned that workers made longer, less accurate movements with their mouse, as well as more typing errors, when they were stressed. Shorter, more direct movements with the mouse were tied to lower stress levels. The study didn’t focus on why increased levels of stress are thought to affect muscle activity.
The researchers say they believe a stress-detection system that logs keyboard and mouse movements might be beneficial as a self-help tool for employees alongside other initiatives to improve workplace mental health. But employee participation would need to be optional and based on informed consent (同意), and companies would need to commit to protecting user privacy.
It remains to be seen how this technology will evolve and be adopted in practice, but the potential for AI to contribute positively to employee well-being is an appealing avenue for future exploration.
27. What do we know from Naegelin’s study
A. Heart-rate data has little connection with stress.
B Mouse and keyboard data proves effective in stress detection.
C. Mouse data performs worst in measuring stress among all models.
D. Using more elements in a model increases accuracy in stress detection.
28. What is Paragragh 5 mainly about
A. The research process. B. The research findings.
C. The research purpose. D. The research background.
29. What can we learn from the passage
A. AI models based on mouse and keyboard data have been widely applied.
B. Naegelin’s study explains why muscle activity can affect stress levels.
C. Employers need to respect employees’ privacy while detecting stress.
D. A stress-detection system improves physical health at the workplace.
30. What is the author’s purpose of writing the passage
A. To introduce a new model to detect stress.
B. To compare different models in stress detection.
C. To show the disadvantages of being overstressed.
D. To state the importance of a stress-detection system.
D
Research sometimes proves, with data, what we more or less already know. Exercise is good for you, and polluted air isn’t. Still, sometimes our intuitions are incorrect, and scientific findings surprised researchers, along with the rest of us. A recent example is the phenomenon of vanishing lakes in the Arctic region.
You might think these lakes would be expanding, not vanishing. As climate change warms the Arctic region, melting surface snow and ice and thawing (解冻) permafrost (冻土), there should be more surface water. Existing lakes should be growing. Recently, however, scientists have observed not just shrinking lakes, that is, lakes are becoming smaller, but lakes that have completely disappeared. A paper published this year m Nature Climate Change, based on satellite imagery, found widespread lake loss across the Arctic over the past 20 years.
Many scientists shared the commonsense expectation that as permafrost thawed, lakes would at first expand because of the increased meltwater flowing into them. Eventually, researchers projected, progressive warming during the 21st and 22nd centuries would dry out the Arctic enough that lakes would begin to shrink. But now it looks as if Arctic lakes are disappearing a century or more sooner than they were predicted to.
What is causing this to happen Basically, the ground is becoming more permeable (可渗透的). We talk about “solid ground,” but its particles of rock, mineral and organic matter actually have spaces between them. In permafrost, the spaces are filled with solid ice, so liquid water cannot readily pass through them. But when the permafrost thaws, water can flow downward.
Why did scientists miss this One reason is that most climate models assume that permafrost thaw is driven only by warming air. New evidence suggests that rainfall is now contributing greatly to permafrost loss. The rainfall carries heat into the ground. Yet none of the models incorporated such processes. This is a good example of why — no matter how advanced our models are—we will still need to continue making direct observations of the natural world.
The Arctic lakes provide crucial freshwater for critical habitats for a wide range of plants and animal life. The loss of wet areas that accompany these lakes can also lead to an increase in wildfires, which only serves to melt more permafrost. The permafrost thaw will lead to the release of some greenhouse gases, which will accelerate global warming.
There is, of course, a clear path to saving Arctic lakes: stop the carbon pollution that is driving global climate change.
31. What does the underlined word “vanishing” in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A. Disappearing. B. Existing. C. Growing. D. Flowing.
32. What is causing the lake loss to occur sooner than predicted in the Arctic
A. The permafrost thaw as a result of the progressive warming.
B. The rapid evaporation of lake water due to the warming air.
C. The release of greenhouse gases as a result of the permafrost thaw.
D. The downward flow of surface water in lakes resulting from permafrost thaw.
33. Scientists failed to make the correct prediction about the Arctic lakes because ______
A. they didn’t employ advanced enough models
B. they didn’t anticipate the effect of the rainfall
C. they didn’t make use of the climate models properly
D. they didn’t make their predictions based on sufficient data
34. What would be the best title for this passage
A. The Effects of the Lake Loss B. The Measures against the Lake Loss
C. The Puzzle of the Disappearing Lakes D. The Phenomenon of Permafrost Thaw
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
“Money can’t buy you happiness” is either a well-known piece of folk wisdom, or a tired cliché (陈词滥调). Is it right, though Scientifically speaking, the answer is mixed.
A recent study carried out at the University of Bath has once again looked at the relationship between income and happiness. It seems that, up to a point and within a specific set of circumstances, money can buy happiness. ___35___
What makes us happy At the most fundamental level, the things that make us happy are those that satisfy our basic biological needs. ___36___ Our brain recognizes these things as being “biologically significant”. If we obtain them, we experience a sense of happiness.
However, this doesn’t mean “more money” automatically means “more happiness”. Money may be recognized by our brains as biologically significant, but there is an upper limit on how rewarding even biologically significant things can be. For example, eating food can often be pleasurable, but at some point, you’ll be sated (过饱的) after which point eating more causes actual discomfort. ___37___ Build too many barriers around yourself and you will end up feeling isolated.
There’s also the phenomenon of habituation where the fundamental parts of our brains learn not to react to things that occur predictably and reliably. This is why things that are surprising and unexpected are often more rewarding than familiar things. ___38___ Receiving your regular pay is reassuring, but receiving money unexpectedly, even if it’s a far smaller sum, often makes you much happier.
Also, when we actively need it for our survival, obtaining money is very rewarding. Once we go beyond that point, in other words, once we’re “financially secure”, its power to make us happy is significantly reduced. ___39___
A. In many cases, the same thing happens with money.
B. This ultimately means money’s link to happiness is more indirect.
C. The same goes for drinking and even for things like shelter and security.
D It might be better to consider that money can buy you safety and security.
E. We humans need many things to ensure our survival, like food, water and security.
F. But beyond that, the relationship between money and happiness becomes more uncertain.
G. Instead, more psychological stimulation like travelling has a greater ability to make us happy.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英语回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
A Schoolyard Garden
Have you ever eaten something that you grew in your own garden Many people have not had the pleasure of this experience. Alice Waters, the owner of a restaurant, set out to change all that for a special group of students at a middle school.
Waters worked with the school’s principal to create a cooking and gardening program at the school. Waters believes in the importance of people knowing where their food comes from. She also believes that there is a strong relationship between food, health, and the environment. Her goal at the middle school was to show children the pleasure in gardening and in preparing the foods that they cultivated. She wanted to teach them that a healthy body and a healthy environment go hand in hand.
The project that Waters began took a lot of time and patience. She relied on the help of teachers, students, and community volunteers to turn a parking lot into a garden. At the same time, renovation was begun to turn an old cafeteria into a kitchen where students could prepare foods and share meals with their teachers.
Then, the first usable crops were planted. They included various vegetables. In the following year they brought the addition of plants. Every year since then, new crops are added and old crops are evaluated to make sure that they are best suited for the environment and the needs of the school.
Students have found that they look forward to the time they spend in the garden each week. They have learned how to weed, prune, and harvest. They have learned about the life cycles of various plants. They also know how to enrich the soil through composting, a process in which leftover scraps of fruits and vegetables are used as fertilizer. Many have discovered that they like fruits and vegetables that they had never before been willing to try.
Alice Waters dreams that one day there will be a garden in every school. She hopes that school lunches can be prepared using the produce from the gardens and other locally-grown organic produce.
40. Why did Waters create this gardening and cooking program in the school
____________________________________________________________________________
41. What preparation(s) did they make before the project
____________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
To make the soil more suitable for various crops and vegetables, they bought chemical fertilizers to enrich the soil.
____________________________________________________________________________
43. If there were a similar project in your school, would you like to take part in it Why or why not (In about 40 words)
____________________________________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高二学生李华。你的外国笔友Jim要参加“文化北京”的研学活动，计划在寒假期间体验北京的历史文化，来信征求你的意见。请你给Jim回邮件，内容包括：
1.推荐一项体验活动；
2.简要说明理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
北京大兴区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末
英语检测试卷 参考答案
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. B 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. C 10. A
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
【11~13题答案】
【答案】11. cultural
12. launched
13. which
B
【14~16题答案】
【答案】14. when
15. decided
16. to give
C
【17~20题答案】
【答案】17. are caught
18. growing
19. spends 20. how
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【21~23题答案】
【答案】21. D 22. A 23. B
B
【24~26题答案】
【答案】24. C 25. C 26. B
C
【27~30题答案】
【答案】27. B 28. B 29. C 30. A
D
【31~34题答案】
【答案】31. A 32. D 33. B 34. C
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【35~39题答案】
【答案】35. F 36. E 37. C 38. A 39. B
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
【40~43题答案】
【答案】40. To show children the pleasure of gardening and preparing food, and to teach them the connection between a healthy body and a healthy environment.
41. They turned a parking lot into a garden and renovated an old cafeteria into a kitchen.
42. To make the soil more suitable for various crops and vegetables, they bought chemical fertilizers to enrich the soil.
They enrich the soil through composting.
43. Yes, I would join. It offers hands-on experience in gardening and cooking, teaches sustainability, and helps develop healthier eating habits. Plus, it’s meaningful to contribute to a greener school environment.
第二节（20分）
【44题答案】
【答案】Dear Jim,
I’m thrilled to hear about your upcoming “Cultural Beijing” study tour during the winter vacation! I highly recommend that you participate in a temple visit and calligraphy workshop at the Temple of Heaven.
This recommendation stems from the temple’s profound historical significance as a place where ancient emperors worshipped Heaven for good harvests. Moreover, the calligraphy workshops there allow you to immerse yourself in traditional Chinese art, learning firsthand about brush strokes and character structure. It’s a fantastic way to combine history with hands-on cultural experience.
I’m sure this activity will enrich your understanding of Beijing’s heritage. Looking forward to hearing about your adventures!
Yours
Li Hua

展开更多......

收起↑