资源简介

被动语态
定义
主动语态
被动语态
构成
助动词_______+及物动词的__________
Shakespeare’s plays are seen by millions of people every year.
主动语态转换为被动语态的步骤
主语+谓语+宾语 （主动语态）
宾语+谓语+（by+主语） （被动语态）
We speak English.（主动语态）
主语 谓语 宾语
English is spoken by us.（被动语态）
主语 谓语 宾语
结构
肯定句 主语+助动词be+____________+(by...)
否定句 主语+助动词be+______+____________+(by...)
疑问句 助动词be+主语+____________+(by...)
特殊疑问词+助动词be+主语+____________+(by...)
被动语态的应用
序号 情形 例句
1 当我们不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时 Such books are written for children.
2 当谈话的中心是动作的承受者，而不是动作的执行者是 A large number of engineers are sent to Africa (by our government) to help people there every year.
3 由于某种原因不愿或回避谈论动作的执行者时 Waste paper shouldn’t be thrown everywhere.
4 为礼貌起见避免提及动作的执行者时 I wonder if I was allowed to introduce myself.
注意事项
序号 情形 例句
1 There be句式没有被动语态 There is a man standing over there.
2 不及物动词没有被动语态 Interest rates rise from 4% to 5%.
3 动词短语变为被动语态时应将其视为一个整体，不能随意拆开或省略。 The doctor looks over the patient carefully. →The patient is looker over carefully by the doctor.
4 主动句中的宾语为反身代词时，不能变为被动语态 He taught himself English.
5 系表结构的句子没有被动语态 He looks sad.
6 使役动词(let，have，make等)和感官动词(see，hear，watch，notice)在主动语态中使用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，但变为被动语态时，to不能省略。 I heard Lin Tao sing English songs. →Lin Tao was heard to sing English songs by me.
7 主动语态中含双宾语（直接宾语和间接宾语）时，可把表示人的间接宾语变为被动语态的主语，也可把表示物的直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，此时间接宾语前要加介词for或to。 She often shows me her photos. →I am often showed her photos by her. →Her photos are often showed to me by her.
练习题
一、单项选择
1. Our school library _______ with plants, lovely desks and chairs, so I feel relaxed while studying or reading here.
A.decorates B.decorated C.is decorated D.was decorating
2. --Will you go to Lisa’s housewarming party next Sunday
--Well, if I ________, I will go on time.
A.invite B.will invite C.am invited D.will be invited
3. --Mr. White, when shall we hand in my report
--As soon as it ________ tomorrow.
A.finishes B.will finish C.will be finished D.is finished
4. According to the new city rules, we ________ to show our green health codes（健康码）when we go to public places.
A.asked B.are asked C.were asked D.ask
5. The students are made ______ school uniforms on Monday.
A.to wear B.wearing C.wear D.worn
用所给词的适当形式填空
The trees ________(clean) by me every day.
Their questions and suggestions may be ____________(consider) as “brakes”
which stand in our way.
The cats in the cafe ____________(rescue) by an animal charity.
This kind of shoes __________(sell) well.
The food __________(smell) delicious.
作业：
把下列句子变成被动语态。
People use metal for making machines.
_______________________________________________________
People grow rice in the south of the country.
_______________________________________________________
They will send cars abroad by sea.
_______________________________________________________
He often passes me my pen.
_______________________________________________________
Do they buy presents for Betty’s birthday
_______________________________________________________
用所给词的适当形式填空
Trees and flowers _________(plant) every year to make our school more beautiful.
Books are ____________(read) in many languages around the world.
About two million kinds of fungi-more than 90% of all-have yet to be
____________(describe) by science, according to Rebecca Morelle, a science reporter for the BBC.
Mr. Green believes that all living things in a coral reef should be ____________(keep) safe.
The Silk Road ____________(set) up during the Han Dynasty and drove the
exchange of goods, ideas, and cultural practices.
句子翻译
这本书是韩寒写的。
The book __________ __________ __________ __________ Han Han.
说汉语的人最多。
Chinese __________ __________ __________ most people in the world.
这种裙子到处都看得到。
This style of dress __________ _________ _________.
你应该自己做家庭作业。
Your homework __________ __________ __________ by ___________.

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