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宾语从句——初中英语专项讲练
知识讲解
一、定义
宾语从句是名词性从句的一种。在主从复合句中充当宾语，位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语
之后的从句称为宾语从句。
二、分类
1. 动词宾语从句
位于动词后面的宾语从句。
He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.
他问我们班上谁的书法最好。
2. 介词宾语从句
位于介词后面的宾语从句。
I agree with what you said just now.
我同意你刚才说的话。
3. 形容词宾语从句
位于形容词后面的宾语从句。
I am afraid that I will be late.
恐怕我要迟到了。
三、语序
在含有宾语从句的复合句中，不管充当宾语从句的句子原来是什么语序，构成宾语从句时一
定要用陈述语序。
I don't know where she comes from.
我不知道她来自哪里。
四、注意事项
1. that 在口语中常被省略，但在正式的文体中，不能省略；并且它一般不能引导介词宾语从
句，但可引导 except，but，in 等少数介词的宾语从句。
I didn't know (that) he was Li Lei.
我不知道他就是李雷。
I will do anything I can to help you except that I'm ill.
只要我身体舒服，我愿做任何事情来帮助你。
2. 宾语从句之后带有补足语成分时，一般用 it 作形式宾语，把宾语从句放到句末，此时的
that 不能省略。
The boy has made it clear that they can't play with his toys.
那个男孩已清楚的表明他们不能玩他的玩具。
3. 动词 advise，ask，demand，desire，insist，order，propose，request，suggest 等词的宾
语从句须用虚拟语气，即(should) do 的形式。
He asked that we (should) get there before nine o'clock.
他要求我们在九点钟之前赶到那儿。
The teacher advised us that we (should) not waste our time.
老师劝告我们不要浪费时间了。
4. 宾语从句的时态与主句的时态须呼应。
（1）当主句谓语动词的时态是现在时或将来时，从句的谓语动词可用任何需要的时态表示。
He always says that he is our good friend.
他总是说他是我们的好朋友。
When the teacher knows what we have done, he will say that we have done a good deed.
当老师知道我们所干的事情时，他会说我们做了一件好事。
（2）当主句谓语动词的时态为过去时，从句的谓语动词用相应的过去时。
He didn't tell us he came from Shanghai.
他没有告诉我们他来自上海。
He said he had read the book.
他说他读过这本书。
（3）当从句的内容是客观真理或客观事实，而不受时间的限制时，即使主句的谓语动词为过
去时，从句仍用一般现在时。
When we were children, we were told that China is in the east of the world.
我们还是小孩子的时候，人们就告诉我们说中国在世界的东方。
针对训练
1.Could you tell me __________
A. when will Mary come back B. when Mary comes back
C. when Mary will come back D. when does Mary come back
2.Huawei watches can show us __________ every day.
A. what time is it
B. whether we sleep well or not
C. how much pressure do we get
D. how many steps do we walk
3.—Lily, have you decided __________ for traveling this summer
—Not yet. Maybe some cities in the north.
A. where will you go B. where you will go
C. how will you go D. how you will go
4.—Alice, could you tell me __________ every night
—We usually practice in the gym.
A. where did you practice basketball B. where you practiced basketball
C. where do you practice basketball D. where you practice basketball
5.—Could you come to my party tomorrow
—Oh, I don't know __________.
A. that I can finish my work by then B. if can I finish the work by then
C. if I can finish the work by then D. whether I could finish the work by then
6.My father's birthday is coming. I'm thinking about __________.
A. what present I gave to him B. where will we have a big meal
C. if I planned a party for him D. how I will give him a surprise
7.Although the woman explained a lot, they still doubted __________.
A. that she had nothing to do with it
B. how could she find the main road finally
C. why she has spent so much time
D. if she would be chosen as the chief cook
8.—Excuse me, could you tell me __________
—With pleasure. Go down this street, and you'll find it on your right.
A. when does the Youth Centre open
B. when the Youth Centre opens
C. where is the Youth Centre
D. where the Youth Centre is
9.—I wonder __________.
—I'm not sure, but I hope so. It has been dry for two months.
A. why doesn't it rain B. if it will rain tomorrow
C. when will the rain start D. how long the rain will last
10.Sora, the new AI, surprises the world with very realistic videos. I wonder __________.
A. how soon will Sora be widely put into use
B. how does Sora turns words into a 60-second video
C. how long it takes Sora to turn words into a video
D. that Sora has more advantages than ChatGPT
11.I doubted __________.
A. if he can remain there for some time
B. that it would rain tomorrow
C. that the doctor does operations for about 10 hours a day
D. whether this award could bring him to the attention of Beijing University
12.—Could you tell me __________
—It's about 6,300 kilometres long.
A. how wide is the Changjiang River B. how wide the Changjiang River is
C. how long is the Changjiang River D. how long the Changjiang River is
13.Because of the high-tech in Asia games, many people wonder __________.
A. what will the future China be like B. what the future China will be like
C. how the future China will look like D. how will the future China look like
14.—Excuse me, do you know __________
—Yes. There's a supermarket down the street.
A. what he bought in the store B. when do you go to school
C. where I can buy some medicine D. who is the cleverest boy in your class
15.The famous saying "All things are difficult before they are easy" tells us __________.
A. what should we do to solve the problems
B. how difficult the things are
C. when do things become easy
D. that we should keep on trying to succeed
答案以及解析
1.答案：C
解析：考查宾语从句。分析句子结构可知，此句是宾语从句，从句用陈述语序，排除 A 和 D
选项。宾语询问的是"Mary 什么时候回来"，用一般将来时更符合语境。故选 C。
2.答案：B
解析：考查宾语从句。what time is it 几点，疑问语序；whether we sleep well or not 我们睡得
好不好，陈述语序；how much pressure do we get 我们面临多大压力，疑问语序；how many
steps do we walk 我们走多少步，疑问语序。show sb. sth.为双宾语结构，其中宾语从句应为陈
述语序。故选 B。
3.答案：B
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：—莉莉，你决定今年夏天去哪儿旅行了吗？—还没有。也许北
方的一些城市。本句是宾语从句，疑问词引导的宾语从句需用陈述语序，可排除 AC 选项。
根据答语 Maybe some cities in the north，说的是地点，可知需用 where 引导。故选 B。
4.答案：D
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：—Alice，你能告诉我你每天晚上在哪里练习篮球吗？ —我们通
常在体育馆里练习。分析句式为宾语从句，应用陈述语序；根据"every night"和"usually"可
知，谈论的是现在的客观情况，从句应用一般现在时态。故选 D。
5.答案：C
解析：考查宾语从句。that I can finish my work by then 我在那时能完成我的工作，是一般现在
时，是陈述句语序；if can I finish the work by then 我是否能在那时完成我的工作，是一般现在
时，是疑问句语序；if I can finish the work by then 我是否能在那时完成我的工作，是一般现在
时，是陈述句语序；whether I could finish the work by then 我是否能在那时完成我的工作，是
一般过去时，是陈述句语序。根据 Could you come to my party tomorrow？（你明天能来参加
我的聚会吗？）可知，此处是说"哦，我不知道我是否能在那时完成我的工作。"答语是宾语
从句，从句要用陈述句语序，所以排除选项 B。宾语从句主句是一般现在时，从句也用一般
现在时。故选 C。
6.答案：D
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：父亲节就要到了。我在考虑如何给他一个惊喜。宾语从句需用
陈述句语序，故排除 B 项；再根据句中的"Father's Day is coming.父亲节就要来了"可知，A、
C 两项中的过去式与句意不符，从句应该为一般将来时态。故选 D。
7.答案：D
解析：考查宾语从句。that she had nothing to do with it 她跟这事毫无关系，一般过去时；how
could she find the main road finally 语序错误；why she has spent so much time 她为什么要花这
么多时间，现在完成时；if she would be chosen as the chief cook 她是否会被选为主厨，过去将
来时。根据"they still doubted"可知，该句是含有宾语从句的复合句，应用陈述句语序，排除
B 项；再根据"doubted"可知，对从句的内容不确定，排除 A 项；且主句时态为一般过去时，
从句要用相应的过去时态，C 项时态不对。选项 D 符合题意。故选 D。
8.答案：D
解析：考查宾语从句。句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，排除 AC；根据"Go down this street，
and you'll find it on your right."可知此处询问某个地方，用 where 引导宾语从句。故选 D。
9.答案：B
解析：考查宾语从句。why doesn't it rain 天为什么不下雨：if it will rain tomorrow 明天是否会
下雨：when will the rain start 什么时候会下雨：how long the rain will last 雨会持续多长时间。
根据 I'm not sure .but I hope so. It has been dry for two months.(我也不确定，但是我希望如此。
已经干早了两个月了。)可，此处是说"我想知道明天是否下雨。"故选 B。
10.答案：C
解析：考查宾语从句。根据空前"I wonder"可知，此处不能用 that 引导宾语从句，且从句应用
陈述语序。故选 C。
11.答案：D
解析：考查宾语从句。句意：我怀疑这个奖项能否引起北京大学的注意。根据"I doubted…"可
知，doubt 后面接宾语从句时，如果主句是肯定句，从句用 whether 或 if 引导，此处主句是肯
定句，不能使用 that 引导，因此排除 BC；主句时态为一般过去时，从句也用一般过去时，排
除 A。故选 D。
12.答案：D
解析：考查宾语从句。宾语从句的语序为陈述句语序，排除 A、C 选项；又根据答语"它大约
6300 千米长"可知问句询问的是长度，排除 B 选项。故选 D。
13.答案：B
解析：考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除 A 和 D；"be like"表示"像"，其后需
what 来作宾语，符合句意，排除 C。故选 B。
14.答案：C
解析：考查宾语从句。what he bought in the store 他在商店买了什么；when do you go to school
你什么时候去上学；where I can buy some medicine 我在哪里可以买到药；who is the cleverest
boy in your class 在你班上谁是最聪明的男孩。根据答语"Yes. There's a supermarket down the
street."可知，有超市，即可以买东西。故选 C。
15.答案：D
解析：考查宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语序，排除 B、C 项；how difficult the things in our
lives are 我们生活中的事情有多困难；that we should keep on trying to succeed 我们应该继续努
力取得成功。根据"The famous saying 'All things are difficult before they are easy' tells us"可知，
此句是说对待困难要坚持不放弃，应用 that 引导宾语从句。故选 D。

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