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牛津译林版九年级英语下册
Unit2 Great people Grammar
Tip:
We often use these words with the present continuous tense.
at the moment, today, now, right now, Listen!, Look!
Tense Used for Example
Present continuous actions that happen right now Look! The reporter is interviewing the astronaut.
actions that happen at the same time Mum is doing the housework and Dad is working on the computer.
actions in a limited period of time I am working on a history project this week.
arrangements for the near future I am leaving for Shanghai tonight.
Millie is writing about what her family members are doing. Help her complete her article with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.
▲
I (1) __________ (have) a day out with my classmates this Saturday, so I (2) __________ (need) a pair of trainers. Mum (3) __________ (shop) online for me now. She often (4) __________ (shop) online. Dad (5) __________ (search) for information on the Internet. He (6) __________ (visit) Japan next week. Grandpa (7) __________ (read) the newspaper and Grandma (8) __________ (watch) TV. I (9) __________ (want) to write an email to Wendy before I (10) __________ (go) to bed.
am having
need
shops
is shopping
is searching
is visiting
is reading
is watching
want
go
Tip:
We often use these words with the simple past tense.
yesterday, ... ago, in 1999, the other day, last ...
一般过去时
表示过去某个时间路生的动作或状态 ;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为;过去主语所具备的能力和性格。
动词变化:
1.直接加ed。work-worked look-looked
2.以不发音e结尾的单词，直接加d live- lived hope-hoped use-used
3.以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i加ed : study-studied carry-carried
4.以一个辅音字母结尾的，双写最后的辅音字母+ed: stop-stopped plan-- planned
5.以ic结尾的动词，要把ic变成ick再加ed,如picnic-picnicked
traffic-→trafficked
6.不规则变化的动词过去式. have-had are-were
B Simple past and past continuous
Tense Used for Example
Simple past actions that happened in the past Simon played football yesterday.
actions that happened one after another in the past Simon came home, turned on the computer and checked his email.
一般过去时&现在完成时
一般过去时表示在过去某个时间发生的动词或存在的状态，也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。
e.g. He came here yesterday.
现在完成时表示过去的动作(或状态)对现在产生的影响和结果
e.g. He has broken his bottle.
Tense Used for Example
Past continuous actions that were in progress at a certain time in the past Yesterday at 4 p.m., Simon was playing football.
actions that happened at the same time in the past Simon was playing computer games while Millie was watching TV.
actions that lasted for some time in the past We were having a meeting from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. yesterday.
Simple past & Past continuous
◆一般过去时
表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态，时间状语一般为last week / month / year, three days ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday等。
◆过去进行时
表示过去某个时刻或某一阶段正在进行的动作，常用时间状语为then, at that time, at this time last night / year, when引导的时间状语从句等，且过去进行时还常出现在while引导的时间状语从句中。
1. Simon ______ football yesterday.
2. Simon _____ home, ______ on the
computer and _______ his email.
3. Yesterday at 4 p.m., Simon __________
football.
4. Simon __________ computer games
while Millie _____________ TV.
5. We ___________ a meeting from 9 a.m.
to 11 a.m. yesterday.
played
came
turned
checked
was playing
was playing
was watching
were having
go
Ready
1.概念：表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。
2.时间状语：Now, at this time, these days, look. listen等时间状语做标志。
3.基本结构：主语+be +doing +其他
4.否定形式：主语+be +not +doing+其他
5.一般疑问句：把be动词放于句首。
现在进行时用法
正在进行
一直进行
与always连用
Look, they are playing football.
He is writing a novel this year.
My teacher is always smiling in class.
即将发生
I am coming
现在分词的变法：
1)一般在动词词尾加上-ing ,
jump- jumping
2)以不发音字母e结尾的动词，先去e，再加-ing. have-having write-writing
3)以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写，再加上-ing. sitting putting 其句式变换都在be上做文章。
1.使我们的生活产生巨大变化
make a great difference in our life
2.对……有影响，起作用
make a difference to...
◎学法指导:熟记这些短语，并将它们扩充成完整的句子。
make a great difference in our life
make a difference to...
Let me give you a hand with those bags.让我来帮你拎那些包吧。
Time’s up.Stop writing and hand in your papers.时间到了。不要再写了，把试卷交上来。
One of my jobs was to hand out the prizes.我的工作之一是分发奖品。
★★★★★与现在进行时连用的时间状语有：
at the moment, now, at present, right now ,等。另外，动词如 look, listen 用于句首，以唤起对方注意时，也常与现在进行时连用。
was watching
won
was writing
sent
was practising
took
found
was reading
were playing
was talking
called
was not
Simon and his friends are talking about what they did after dinner last plete their conversation with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets. (P 27)
B
◎用法总结:
by hand意为“用手；手工的”；shake hands with sb.意为“与某人握手”；give sb.a hand意为“帮助某人”；hand in意为“上交”；hand out意为“分发”。
1.I ____(write, am writing, is writing, are writing) a letter now.
2.Look, it _____(begin, is beginning, am beginning, are beginning) to rain.
3.They ____(study, is studying, am studying,
are studying) medicine at the Medical Institute of Chengde these days.
4.He _____( teach, am teaching, is teaching, are teaching) an English lesson at this time.
　翻译句子。
1.这里的稻农仍然用手工种植和收割庄稼。
Rice farmers here still plant and harvest their crops 　by hand　 .
2.他们应该彼此握手。
They’re expected to 　shake hands with each other　 .
3.好在他在这里，可以帮你一把。
Luckily， he is here and can 　give you a hand　 .
by
hand
shake hands with each other
give you a hand
4.你应当按时上交作业。
You should 　hand in　 your homework on time.
5.你能帮忙把这些书发给大家吗？
Could you please help 　hand these books out　 ？
hand in
hand these books out

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