人教版(2024)七年级上册Unit1 You and Me知识清单与语法总结及对应习题(含答案)

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人教版(2024)七年级上册Unit1 You and Me知识清单与语法总结及对应习题(含答案)

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2024人教版新版英语七年级上册Unit1 You and Me知识清单与语法总结,及对应习题
一、词汇
(一)重点单词
1. name /ne m/ n. 名字;名称 ,如“What's your name ”(你叫什么名字?)
2. nice /na s/ adj. 令人愉快的;宜人的 ,“Nice to meet you.”(很高兴见到你。)
3. meet /mi t/ v. 遇见;相逢 ,过去式为“met” ,“I'm glad to meet you here.”(我很高兴在这里遇见你。)
4. too /tu / adv. 也;又;太 ,常用于肯定句句末 ,“I like apples, too.”(我也喜欢苹果。)
5. your /j (r)/ pron. 你的;你们的 ,形容词性物主代词,后接名词 ,“Is this your book ”(这是你的书吗?)
6. Ms. /m z/ (用于女子的姓氏或姓名前,不指明婚否)女士 ,“Ms. Green is our teacher.”(格林女士是我们的老师。)
7. his /h z/ pron. 他的 ,既可以作形容词性物主代词,也可以作名词性物主代词 ,“This is his book.”(这是他的书,作形容词性物主代词);“The book is his.”(这本书是他的,作名词性物主代词)
8. and / nd; nd/ conj. 和;又;而 ,“My father and mother are teachers.”(我的爸爸和妈妈是老师。)
9. her /h (r)/ pron. 她的 ,形容词性物主代词 ,“Her bag is red.”(她的包是红色的。);也可作she的宾格,意为“她” ,“I like her.”(我喜欢她。)
10. yes /jes/ adv. 是;是的 ,用于肯定回答 ,“Are you a student Yes, I am.”(你是学生吗?是的,我是。)
11. she / i / pron. 她 ,主格,作主语 ,“She is a good girl.”(她是个好女孩。)
12. he /hi / pron. 他 ,主格,作主语 ,“He likes playing football.”(他喜欢踢足球。)
13. no /n / adv. 不;没有;不是 ,用于否定回答 ,“Is he a teacher No, he isn't.”(他是老师吗?不,他不是。)
14. not /n t/ adv. 不;没有 ,常与be动词、助动词或情态动词连用构成否定形式 ,“I'm not a doctor.”(我不是医生。)
15. zero / z r / num. 零 ,“The temperature is zero degrees.”(温度是零度。)
16. one /w n/ num. 一 ,“I have one apple.”(我有一个苹果。)还可作代词,指代上文提到的同类事物中的一个 ,“I need a pen. Can you give me one ”(我需要一支钢笔。你能给我一支吗?)
17. two /tu / num. 二 ,“There are two books on the desk.”(桌子上有两本书。)
18. three /θri / num. 三 ,“Three students are in the classroom.”(三个学生在教室里。)
19. four /f (r)/ num. 四 ,“I have four good friends.”(我有四个好朋友。)
20. five /fa v/ num. 五 ,“There are five people in my family.”(我家有五口人。)
21. six /s ks/ num. 六 ,“Six apples are in the basket.”(篮子里有六个苹果。)
22. seven / sevn/ num. 七 ,“Seven days make a week.”(七天构成一周。)
23. eight /e t/ num. 八 ,“Eight birds are flying in the sky.”(八只鸟在天空中飞翔。)
24. nine /na n/ num. 九 ,“I have nine pencils.”(我有九支铅笔。)
25. telephone / tel f n/ n. 电话;电话机 ,“You can call me on the telephone.”(你可以打电话给我。) 也可以说“phone” ,“I'll phone you later.”(我稍后给你打电话。)
26. number / n mb (r)/ n. 号码;数字 ,“What's your phone number ”(你的电话号码是多少?)
27. phone /f n/ n. & v. 电话;电话机;打电话 ,“I'll give you a phone call.”(我会给你打电话。);“Phone me when you get home.”(你到家后给我打电话。)
28. first /f st/ adj. 第一 ,“My first class is English.”(我的第一节课是英语课。) 还可作副词,意为“首先;第一” ,“First, open the door.”(首先,打开门。) 短语“first name”表示“名字” ,“My first name is Tom.”(我的名字是汤姆。)
29. last /lɑ st/ adj. 最后的;末尾的 ,“December is the last month of the year.”(十二月是一年的最后一个月。) 短语“last name”表示“姓氏” ,“His last name is Smith.”(他的姓氏是史密斯。)
30. friend /frend/ n. 朋友 ,“She is my good friend.”(她是我的好朋友。) 短语“make friends”表示“交朋友” ,“I want to make friends with you.”(我想和你交朋友。)
31. China / t a n / n. 中国 ,“I'm from China.”(我来自中国。) 其形容词形式是“Chinese” ,表示“中国的;中国人的;汉语的” ,“I can speak Chinese.”(我会说汉语。)
32. middle / m dl/ adj. 中间的;中间 ,“The book is in the middle of the desk.”(书在桌子的中间。) 短语“middle school”表示“中学;初中” ,“I study in a middle school.”(我在一所中学学习。)
33. school /sku l/ n. 学校 ,“I go to school by bike every day.”(我每天骑自行车去上学。)
(二)拓展单词
1. meet 的名词形式是 meeting ,意为“会议;集会” ,“We have a meeting every Monday.”(我们每周一开会。)
2. friend 的形容词形式是 friendly ,意为“友好的” ,“She is very friendly to us.”(她对我们非常友好。)
3. China 的形容词形式 Chinese 还可作名词,意为“中国人;汉语” ,复数形式还是“Chinese” ,“The Chinese are very friendly.”(中国人非常友好。) ;“I like learning Chinese.”(我喜欢学习汉语。)
二、短语
1. nice to meet you 很高兴见到你 ,用于初次见面时的问候 ,答语通常是“Nice to meet you, too.” ,“A: Nice to meet you. B: Nice to meet you, too.”(A:很高兴见到你。B:我也很高兴见到你。)
2. your name 你的名字 ,“What's your name ”(你叫什么名字?)
3. his name 他的名字 ,“Do you know his name ”(你知道他的名字吗?)
4. her name 她的名字 ,“I don't know her name.”(我不知道她的名字。)
5. telephone number 电话号码 ,“My telephone number is 13800138000.”(我的电话号码是13800138000。) 也可以说“phone number” ,“What's your phone number ”(你的电话号码是多少?)
6. first name 名字 ,“My first name is David.”(我的名字是大卫。)
7. last name 姓氏 ,“Smith is his last name.”(史密斯是他的姓氏。) 还可以说“family name” ,“What's your family name ”(你的姓氏是什么?)
8. in China 在中国 ,“I live in China.”(我住在中国。)
9. middle school 中学;初中 ,“He studies in a middle school.”(他在一所中学学习。)
10. make friends 交朋友 ,“It's easy to make friends with him.”(和他交朋友很容易。)
11. be from 来自 ,“She is from the USA.”(她来自美国。) 相当于“come from” ,“Where do you come from ”(你来自哪里?)
12. each other 互相;彼此 ,“We should help each other.”(我们应该互相帮助。)
13. a set of 一套;一副;一组 ,“a set of keys”(一串钥匙) ,“I lost a set of keys.”(我丢了一串钥匙。)
三、句型
1. 询问对方姓名 :
- What's your name 你叫什么名字?
- 答语: My name is... 我的名字是…… ,或 I'm... 我是…… ,例如:—What's your name (你叫什么名字?)—My name is Lily.(我的名字是莉莉。) 或 “I'm Lily.”(我是莉莉。)
2. 介绍自己 :
- I'm... 我是…… ,“I'm Tom. Nice to meet you.”(我是汤姆。很高兴见到你。)
- My name is... 我的名字是…… ,“My name is Lucy. I'm from the UK.”(我的名字是露西。我来自英国。)
3. 询问他人姓名 :
- What's his/her name 他/她叫什么名字?
- 答语: His/Her name is... 他/她的名字是…… ,例如:—What's his name (他叫什么名字?)—His name is Jack.(他的名字是杰克。) ;—What's her name (她叫什么名字?)—Her name is Mary.(她的名字是玛丽。)
4. 询问电话号码 :
- What's your telephone/phone number 你的电话号码是多少?
- 答语: It's + 电话号码. 它是…… ,“—What's your phone number —It's 123 - 4567.”(—你的电话号码是多少?—它是123 - 4567。)
5. 确认对方身份 :
- Are you... 你是……吗?
- 肯定回答: Yes, I am. 是的,我是。
- 否定回答: No, I'm not. 不,我不是。 ,例如:—Are you a student (你是学生吗?)—Yes, I am.(是的,我是。) ;—Are you Mr. Smith (你是史密斯先生吗?)—No, I'm not.(不,我不是。)
6. 确认他人身份 :
- Is he/she... 他/她是……吗?
- 肯定回答: Yes, he/she is. 是的,他/她是。
- 否定回答: No, he/she isn't. 不,他/她不是。 ,例如:—Is she your sister (她是你的姐姐吗?)—Yes, she is.(是的,她是。) ;—Is he a teacher (他是老师吗?)—No, he isn't.(不,他不是。)
四、语法
(一)一般现在时中be动词的用法
1. be动词形式 :在一般现在时中,be动词有三种基本形式:am, is, are 。
2. 用法规则 :
- am :用于第一人称单数(I)后面 ,“I am a student.”(我是一名学生。)
- is :用于第三人称单数(he, she, it以及单数可数名词或不可数名词)后面 ,“He is tall.”(他很高。) ,“The book is interesting.”(这本书很有趣。) ,“Water is important.”(水很重要。)
- are :用于第一人称复数(we)、第二人称(you)以及第三人称复数(they以及复数可数名词)后面 ,“We are friends.”(我们是朋友。) ,“You are my good friends.”(你们是我的好朋友。) ,“They are playing football.”(他们正在踢足球。) ,“The students are in the classroom.”(学生们在教室里。)
3. be动词的缩写 :
- I am = I'm ,“I'm happy.”(我很开心。)
- he is = he's ,“He's a good boy.”(他是个好男孩。)
- she is = she's ,“She's my sister.”(她是我的姐姐。)
- it is = it's ,“It's a dog.”(它是一只狗。)
- you are = you're ,“You're very kind.”(你们非常善良。)
- we are = we're ,“We're going to school.”(我们要去上学。)
- they are = they're ,“They're from China.”(他们来自中国。)
- is not = isn't ,“He isn't at home.”(他不在家。)
- are not = aren't ,“They aren't students.”(他们不是学生。)
4. 注意事项 :
- 在肯定简略回答中,be动词一般不缩写 ,例如:“Is he a teacher Yes, he is.”(他是老师吗?是的,他是。 不用“Yes, he's.” )
- am 与 not 连用时不能缩写成“amn't” ,只能是“I am not” ,“I am not a doctor.”(我不是医生。)
(二)人称代词和形容词性物主代词
1. 人称代词 :
- 定义 :用来指代人或事物的代词 。
- 分类 :分为主格和宾格 。主格在句子中作主语 ,宾格在句子中作宾语或表语 。
- 用法示例 :
- 主格作主语 :“I like apples.”(我喜欢苹果。) ,“He plays basketball every day.”(他每天打篮球。)
- 宾格作宾语 :“She likes him.”(她喜欢他。) ,“They help us.”(他们帮助我们。)
- 宾格作表语 :“It's me.”(是我。)
2. 形容词性物主代词 :
- 定义 :用来表示所属关系,后面必须接名词 。
- 用法示例 :
- “This is my book.”(这是我的书。)
- “Your school is very beautiful.”(你的学校非常漂亮。)
- “Their classroom is clean.”(他们的教室很干净。)
- 注意事项 :形容词性物主代词不能单独使用,后面必须接名词 ;如果名词前已经有形容词性物主代词修饰,就不能再用冠词(a, an, the)或指示代词(this, that, these, those)修饰 ,例如不能说“This is my a book.” ,只能说“This is my book.” 。
五、配套习题
(一)单项选择
1. —What's ________ name
—________ name is Tom.
A. you; My B. your; My C. your; I D. you
2. —Nice to meet you.
—________
A. Thank you. B. Nice to meet you, too. C. I'm fine. D. You're welcome.
3. She is my friend. ________ name is Lily.
A. Her B. His C. She D. Hers
4. —Is he your friend
—________. He is my brother.
A. Yes, he is B. No, he isn't C. Yes, she is D. No, she isn't
5. My telephone number ________ 678 - 9876.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
6. —What's your first name
—________ first name is Jack.
A. I B. My C. Me D. Mine
7. —Are you from China
—________. I'm from the USA.
A. Yes, I am B. No, I'm not C. Yes, you are D. No, you aren't
8. He is a student. ________ name is David.
A. Her B. His C. Its D. My
9. —What's your ________
—It's 13912345678.
A. name B. number C. class D. school
10. —________ his name
—His name is Mike.
A. What B. What's C. Who D. Who's
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
1. My ________ (name) Lucy.
2. Nice to ________ (meet) you.
3. She is a girl. ________ (she) name is Mary.
4. ________ (I) am a student. ________ (I) name is Tom.
5. What's ________ (you) phone number
6. They are my good ________ (friend).
7. His first name ________ (be) Jack.
8. ________ (he) is a boy and ________ (he) name is Jim.
9. I'm from China. I'm ________ (China).
10. We are in the same ________ (school).
(三)句型转换
1. My name is Alice. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ name
2. She is my sister. (改为一般疑问句)
________ ________ your sister
3. His telephone number is 567 - 8901. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ his telephone number
4. Are you a student (作肯定回答)
________, I ________.
5. I'm from the UK. (改为否定句)
I ________ ________ from the UK.
(四)根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 很高兴见到你。
Nice ________ ________ you.
2. 你叫什么名字?
What's ________ ________
3. 他的电话号码是多少?
What's ________ ________ number
4. 她是我的好朋友。
She is my good ________.
5. 我来自中国。
I'm ________ ________.
(五)阅读理解
Hello! My name is Li Ming. I'm a Chinese boy. I'm 12 years old. I'm in Class 3, Grade 7. My English teacher is Mr. Smith. He is from the USA. He is a good teacher. I like him very much. I have a good friend. Her name is Jenny. She is from Canada. She is 12 years old, too. We are in the same class. She likes English very much.
1. Where is Li Ming from
A. The USA. B. Canada. C. China. D. The UK.
2. How old is Li Ming
A. 11. B. 12. C. 13. D. 14.
3. Who is Li Ming's English teacher
A. Mr. Smith. B. Jenny. C. Li Hua. D. Miss Wang.
4. Where is Mr. Smith from
A. The USA. B. Canada. C. China. D. The UK.
5. Is Jenny from Canada
A. Yes, she is. B. No, she isn't. C. Yes, he is. D. No, he isn't.
答案
(一)单项选择
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.B
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
1.is 2.meet 3.Her 4.I;My 5.your 6.friends 7.is 8.He;his 9.Chinese 10.school
(三)句型转换
1.What's your 2.Is she 3.What is 4.Yes;am 5.am not
(四)根据汉语意思完成句子
1.to meet 2.your name 3.his telephone 4.friend 5.from China
(五)阅读理解
1.C 2.B 3.A 4.A 5.A

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