人教版(2024)七年级上册Unit4 My Favorite Subject知识清单与语法总结及对应习题(含答案)

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人教版(2024)七年级上册Unit4 My Favorite Subject知识清单与语法总结及对应习题(含答案)

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2024人教版新版英语七年级上册Unit4 My Favorite Subject知识清单与语法总结,及对应习题
(一)重点单词
1. subject / s bd kt/ n. 学科;科目
- 常见学科词汇:math(数学)、Chinese(语文)、English(英语)、history(历史)、geography(地理)、science(科学)、music(音乐)、art(美术)、P.E.(体育 ,全称Physical Education)
- 例句:My favourite subject is science because I like doing experiments.(我最喜欢的学科是科学,因为我喜欢做实验。)
2. because /b k z/ conj. 因为
- 用来引导原因状语从句,回答why引导的疑问句 。
- 注意:在英语中,because和so不能同时出现在一个句子中。
- 例句:I like English because it's interesting.(我喜欢英语,因为它很有趣。)
3. interesting / ntr st / adj. 有趣的
- 常用来修饰事物,说明事物本身具有趣味性,能引起人的兴趣。
- 拓展:interested / ntr st d/ adj. 感兴趣的,常用搭配为be interested in(对……感兴趣),主语通常是人。
- 例句:This is an interesting book.(这是一本有趣的书。) I'm interested in playing basketball.(我对打篮球感兴趣。)
4. boring / b r / adj. 没趣的;令人厌烦的
- 用于描述事物时,表示事物本身无趣,使人感到无聊。
- 拓展:bored /b d/ adj. 感到厌烦的,主语通常是人,常用搭配be bored with(对……感到厌烦) 。
- 例句:The movie is boring.(这部电影很无聊。) He is bored with the long meeting.(他对冗长的会议感到厌烦。)
5. difficult / d f k lt/ adj. 困难的
- 表示事情不容易完成或理解 。
- 反义词:easy / i zi/ adj. 容易的;不费力的
- 例句:Math is difficult for me.(数学对我来说很难。) This question is easy to answer.(这个问题很容易回答。)
6. useful / ju sfl/ adj. 有用的;有益的
- 由名词use(用途;功能)+形容词后缀 -ful构成 。
- 常见搭配:be useful to(对……有用)
- 拓展:useless / ju sl s/ adj. 无用的
- 例句:English is a useful language.(英语是一门有用的语言。) This tool is useless.(这个工具没用。)
7. free /fri / adj. 空闲的;自由的;免费的
- 根据语境不同有不同含义。表示“空闲的”时,相当于not busy;表示“免费的”时,常见搭配be free(免费)。
- 例句:I'm free this Sunday. Let's go shopping.(这个星期天我有空。我们去购物吧。) The drink is free.(饮料是免费的。)
8. cool /ku l/ adj. 妙极的;酷的;凉爽的
- 在描述事物时,可表示“妙极的;酷的”,表达赞赏;也可表示天气“凉爽的”。
- 例句:Your new bike is really cool.(你的新自行车真酷。) It's cool in autumn.(秋天天气凉爽。)
9. Tuesday / tju zde / n. 星期二 ; Wednesday / wenzde / n. 星期三 ; Thursday / θ zde / n. 星期四
- 一周七天的英文表达:Monday(星期一)、Tuesday、Wednesday、Thursday、Friday(星期五)、Saturday(星期六)、Sunday(星期天)。
- 注意首字母大写,在星期几前用介词on ,如on Monday(在星期一) 。
10. Saturday / s t de / n. 星期六
- 常缩写为Sat. ,“在星期六”可以说on Saturday或on Saturdays(表示每个星期六)。
- 例句:I often do my homework on Saturday.(我经常在星期六做作业。)
11. Sunday / s nde / n. 星期天
- 常缩写为Sun. ,是一周的第一天。
- 例句:We usually go to the park on Sunday.(我们通常在星期天去公园。)
12. Monday / m nde / n. 星期一
- 常缩写为Mon. ,“在星期一”是on Monday。
- 例句:I have many classes on Monday.(我星期一有很多课。)
13. Friday / fra de / n. 星期五
- 常缩写为Fri. ,“在星期五”用on Friday。
- 例句:We have a P.E. class on Friday.(我们星期五有一节体育课。)
14. finish / f n / v. 完成;做好
- 常见用法:finish doing sth.(完成做某事) 。
- 例句:I finish doing my homework at 9:00 p.m.(我晚上9点完成作业。)
15. lesson / lesn/ n. 课;一节课
- 常和动词have搭配,have a lesson(上课) ;也可表示“教训” 。
- 例句:We have four lessons in the morning.(我们上午有四节课。) You should learn a lesson from your mistakes.(你应该从错误中吸取教训。)
16. hour / a (r)/ n. 小时
- 注意h不发音 ,an hour(一个小时) 。
- 例句:It takes me an hour to get to school.(我到学校要花一个小时。)
(二)重点短语
1. favourite subject 最喜欢的学科
- 例句:What's your favourite subject (你最喜欢的学科是什么?)
2. be good at 擅长 ,后接名词、代词或动词 -ing形式
- 例句:She is good at dancing.(她擅长跳舞。)
3. play games 玩游戏
- 例句:Let's play games after class.(课后我们玩游戏吧。)
4. after class 课后
- 例句:We often play basketball after class.(我们课后经常打篮球。)
5. from...to... 从……到…… ,可表示时间、地点等范围
- 例句:The class is from 8:00 to 9:00.(课从8点到9点。)
6. have breakfast/lunch/dinner 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
- 例句:I have breakfast at 7:00 every morning.(我每天早上7点吃早饭。)
7. go to school 去上学
- 例句:I go to school by bike.(我骑自行车去上学。)
8. go home 回家
- 例句:He goes home at 5:00 p.m.(他下午5点回家。)
9. help sb. with sth. 在某方面帮助某人 ,相当于help sb. (to) do sth.
- 例句:Can you help me with my English (你能帮我学英语吗?) = Can you help me (to) learn English
10. want to do sth. 想要做某事
- 例句:I want to buy a new book.(我想买一本新书。)
11. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
- 例句:Let's go shopping.(我们去购物吧。)
12. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 ;make sb./sth. + adj. 使某人/某物处于某种状态
- 例句:The teacher makes us read English every day.(老师让我们每天读英语。) Music makes me happy.(音乐使我快乐。)
(三)重点句型
1. What's your favourite subject 你最喜欢的学科是什么?
- 回答:My favourite subject is...(我最喜欢的学科是……) ,也可直接用学科名称回答 。
- 例句:—What's your favourite subject —My favourite subject is math. / Math.(—你最喜欢的学科是什么? —我最喜欢的学科是数学。/数学。)
2. Why do you like... 你为什么喜欢……?
- 回答用Because it's...(因为它……) 。
- 例句:—Why do you like music —Because it's relaxing.(—你为什么喜欢音乐? —因为它令人放松。)
3. What subjects do you have... 你……有什么课?
- 回答:I have...(我有……) 。
- 例句:—What subjects do you have on Monday —I have math, Chinese and English.(—你星期一有什么课? —我有数学、语文和英语。)
4. When do you have... 你什么时候上……课?
- 回答用On + 星期 ,或At + 具体时间 。
- 例句:—When do you have P.E. —On Tuesday. / At 10:00.(—你什么时候上体育课? —在星期二。/在10点。)
5. It's + adj. + to do sth. 做某事是……的 ,it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式 。
- 例句:It's difficult to learn math well.(学好数学很难。)
二、语法总结
(一)特殊疑问句
1. 以特殊疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的特殊疑问词有:what(什么)、why(为什么)、when(什么时候)、where(在哪里)、who(谁)、how(怎样)等。
2. 结构:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句(be动词/助动词/情态动词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他) 。
- 例如:What is your name (你叫什么名字?)
- Why do you like history (你为什么喜欢历史?)
- When does he go to school (他什么时候去上学?)
(二)形容词的用法
1. 形容词主要用来修饰名词,说明事物或人的性质或特征,在句中可作定语、表语等。
- 作定语时,放在名词前面 ,如an interesting book(一本有趣的书) 。
- 作表语时,放在be动词等系动词后面 ,如The movie is boring.(这部电影很无聊。)
2. 有些形容词以 -ing结尾,常用来修饰事物,表示“令人……的” ;有些以 -ed结尾,常用来修饰人,表示“感到……的” 。
- 如exciting(令人兴奋的) ,excited(感到兴奋的) ;interesting(有趣的) ,interested(感兴趣的) ;boring(令人厌烦的) ,bored(感到厌烦的) 。
三、对应习题
(一)单项选择
1. —What's your ________ subject
—My favourite subject is art.
A. like B. favourite C. best D. good
2. —________ do you like music
—Because it's relaxing.
A. Why B. When C. What D. How
3. Math is difficult ________ interesting.
A. but B. and C. or D. so
4. We have math ________ Monday.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
5. My science teacher is ________. He always makes his classes fun.
A. boring B. difficult C. interesting D. relaxing
6. —________ is your English teacher
—Miss Wang.
A. What B. Who C. Where D. When
7. I like music ________ it's interesting.
A. but B. so C. or D. because
8. She is good ________ singing. She wants to be a singer.
A. at B. in C. for D. with
9. The class finishes ________ 4:30 p.m.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
10. —________ do you have history
—On Tuesday and Thursday.
A. When B. What C. Where D. Why
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
1. My favourite subject ________ (be) science.
2. I think math is very ________ (use).
3. Mr. Wang is our math ________ (teach).
4. She often ________ (help) me with my English.
5. Why ________ (do) your sister like art
6. We have eight ________ (subject) at school.
7. My English class ________ (finish) at 11:00.
8. She likes ________ (sing) and dancing.
(三)句型转换
1. My favourite subject is English. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ your favourite subject
2. I like P.E. because it's fun. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ you like P.E.
3. He has math on Monday. (改为否定句)
He ________ ________ math on Monday.
4. My science teacher is Mr. Green. (对划线部分提问)
________ ________ your science teacher
5. They have art on Tuesday. (改为一般疑问句)
________ they ________ art on Tuesday
(四)根据汉语意思完成句子
1. 我最喜欢的学科是历史。
My ________ ________ is history.
2. 你为什么喜欢数学?
________ do you like ________
3. 他擅长英语。
He is ________ ________ English.
4. 我们每天上午有四节课。
We have four classes ________ ________.
5. 她的科学课在星期二和星期四。
Her science classes are on ________ and ________.
(五)阅读理解
I'm Tom. I'm a student in a middle school. I'm glad to meet you here. First, let me tell you something about my family. There are five people in my family, my mother, my father, my sister, my brother and I.
My father is a worker. My mother is an English teacher. My sister is eighteen and my brother is sixteen. I'm fourteen. We three go to the same school. We all like our school.
My favourite subject is English. I think it's interesting. My English teacher is very kind to us. She often helps us with our English. My sister likes math. She thinks it's difficult but useful. My brother's favourite subject is P.E. He likes playing basketball very much. He often plays it with his classmates after class.
1. There are ________ people in Tom's family.
A. three B. four C. five D. six
2. Tom's mother is ________.
A. a worker B. an English teacher C. a doctor D. a farmer
3. Tom and his brother and sister are ________.
A. in the same school B. in different schools
C. in the same class D. in different classes
4. Tom likes English because ________.
A. his English teacher is kind B. it's interesting
C. it's easy D. he is good at it
5. What does Tom's brother like doing after class
A. Playing football. B. Playing basketball.
C. Swimming. D. Dancing.
答案
(一)单项选择
1. B;2. A;3. A;4. C;5. C;6. B;7. D;8. A;9. B;10. A
(二)用所给词的适当形式填空
1. is;2. useful;3. teacher;4. helps;5. does;6. subjects;7. finishes;8. singing
(三)句型转换
1. What is;2. Why do;3. doesn't have;4. Who is;5. Do; have
(四)根据汉语意思完成句子
1. favourite subject;2. Why; math;3. good at;4. every morning;5. Tuesday; Thursday
(五)阅读理解
1. C;2. B;3. A;4. B;5. B

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