资源简介 中考复习:人教版八年级英语下册第三单元知识点生词短语1. rubbish n. 垃圾;废弃物2. fold v. 折叠;对折3. sweep v. 扫;打扫4. floor n. 地板5. mess n. 杂乱;不整洁6. throw v. 扔;掷7. neither adv. & pron. 两者都不8. shirt n. 衬衫9. pass v. 给;递;走过;通过10. borrow v. 借;借用11. lend v. 借给;借出12. finger n. 手指13. hate v. 厌恶;讨厌14. chore n. 杂务;乏味无聊的工作15. while conj. 与……同时;当……的时候;然而16. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾17. all the time 频繁;反复18. as soon as 一……就……19. snack n. 点心;小吃;快餐20. stress n. 精神压力;心理负担21. waste n. 浪费;垃圾 v. 浪费;滥用22. provide v. 提供;供应23. anyway adv. 而且;加之24. depend v. 依靠;信赖25. develop v. 发展;壮大26. independence n. 独立27. fairness n. 公正性;合理性28. since conj. 因为;既然 prep., conj. & adv. 从……以后;自……以来29. neighbor (=neighbour) n. 邻居30. ill adj. 有病;不舒服31. drop v. 落下;掉下32. independent adj. 独立的;自主的33. fair adj. 合理的;公正的34. unfair adj. 不合理的;不公正的35. in order to 目的是;为了36. depend on 依靠;信赖37. take care of 照顾;处理常考句型1. Could you please do sth. 请你做某事好吗 Could you please sweep the floor 请你扫一下地好吗 Yes, sure. 好的,当然可以。2. Could I do sth. 我可以做某事吗 Could I use your computer 我能用一下你的电脑吗 Sorry, I'm going to work on it now. 对不起,我现在要用它工作。3. There is no need for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说没有必要做某事。 …so there is no need for them to do it now. ……因此他们没有必要现在做家务。4. It is one's + 名词 + to do sth. 做某事是某人的……It is the parents' job to provide a clean and comfortable environment at home for their children. 在家中给他们的孩子提供一个干净、舒适的环境是家长们的事情。5. the+ 比较级,the+ 比较级 越……,就越……The earlier kids learn to be independent, the better it is for their future. 孩子们越早学会独立,对他们的未来就越好。知识点详解1. Could I borrow that book 我能借那本书吗 (教材第20页,4a) borrow 及物动词,意为“借;借用”,表示主语借用别人的东西。borrow sth. from sb./somewhere“向某人/从某地借某物”。Sam borrowed a car from his friend. 萨姆向他的朋友借了一辆小汽车。He borrowed some magazines from the library. 他从图书馆借了一些杂志。2. Could you lend me some money 你能借给我一些钱吗 (教材第20页,4a) lend(lent, lent)及物动词,意为“借给;借出”,其反义词为borrow。lend sb. sth. =lend sth. to sb.,意为“借给某人某物;把某物借给某人”。 Could you lend me some books =Could you lend some books to me 你可以借给我一些书吗 辨析: lend, borrow与keeplend 借出 ,非延续性动词,强调主语把自己的东西借出去。borrow 借进 ,非延续性动词,强调主语从别人那里把东西借来。keep 保存 ,延续性动词,可与一段时间连用。John lent his book to Mary last week. 上个星期约翰把他的书借给了玛丽。Mary borrowed the book from John last week. 玛丽上个星期从约翰那儿借了这本书。Mary can keep the book for two weeks. 这本书玛丽可以借用两个星期。助记:lend, borrow与keep主语“借出”用lend,主语“借入”用borrow,要想“保存”用keep。考点向导 ①常在单项填空中考查borrow和lend的意义不同,还考查borrow和lend不可与时间段连用而keep可与时间段连用; ②常在句型转换题中考查borrow与lend进行同义转换。3. I hate to do chores. 我讨厌做家务。(教材第20页,4b)hate 及物动词,意为“厌恶;讨厌”,表示一种感情或心理状态,不能用于进行时,其反义词为love/like。常用结构有:①hate sb./sth. 讨厌某人 / 某物。I hate dogs. 我讨厌狗。②hate to do sth. / doing sth. 厌恶做某事。I enjoy cooking but I hate doing the dishes. 我喜欢做饭,但不喜欢洗餐具。I hate to trouble others. 我不喜欢麻烦别人。4. I'll finish my homework while you help me with the dishes. 在你帮我洗餐具的时候,我会完成家庭作业。(教材第20页,4b)while 此处用作连词,意为“与……同时;当……的时候”,引导时间状语从句,从句谓语动词须用延续性动词。它强调主句的动作是在从句动作发生的过程中发生的,或者主从句的动作同时进行。 While we were talking, the teacher came in. 当我们在说话时,老师进来了。 I was doing my homework while my mother was cooking. 我妈妈在做饭时我在做作业。辨析: while与when 两者均可用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“当……的时候”。其用法区别为:while 从句谓语动词必须是延续性动词,从句通常要用进行时,如果主句和从句中的动作是同时进行的,那么主句也要用进行时。when 从句谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是非延续性动词,从句的时态多用一般现在时或一般过去时。 I was sleeping while Tom was watching TV. 汤姆在看电视时,我在睡觉。Jim was writing a letter when I came in. 我进来时,吉姆在写信。 拓展:while还可表示“而;然而”,表示两种情况的对比。I like coffee while my sister likes tea. 我喜欢喝咖啡,而我姐姐喜欢喝茶。中考·链接(2024·哈尔滨)—What were you and your father doing at 7:00 yesterday evening —I was doing my homework ______ my father was reading newspapers.A. when B. as soon as C. while解析:我们可用“语法分析法”解答本题。when 意为“当……时”;as soon as 意为“一……就……”;while 意为“当……时”。结合问句句意“昨天晚上7点钟你和你父亲在做什么?”可知答案应表示“我”做的事和“父亲”做的事都发生在7点钟,即:两个动作同时进行,意为“我父亲在看报纸时,我在做家庭作业”;表示主从句动作同时发生时,应用while引导时间状语从句。答案:C 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览