资源简介 2025新仁爱版七年级英语册下册Unit 9语法讲解及练习题【语法点1】Prepositions 方位介词【Ucan点拨】介词用于连接名词、代词或名词性短语与句子其他成分,表示时间、地点、方向、方式等关系。特点包括:不能单独使用,需后接宾语构成介词短语。所做成分:介词短语在句中可作状语、定语、表语和宾语补足语。例如:作状语:I go to school by bike.(“by bike” 表示方式,作状语)作定语:The book on the desk is mine.(“on the desk” 修饰 “book”,作定语)作表语:My keys are in the bag.(“in the bag” 说明主语 “keys” 的位置,作表语)作宾语补足语:We found the dog under the tree.(“under the tree” 补充说明宾语 “dog” 的位置,作宾语补足语)1. 时间介词at:具体时间点(at 7:00 / at noon)。in:较长时段(月份、季节、年份 / in the morning)。on:具体某一天或日期(on Monday / on May 1st)。for:持续一段时间(for two hours)。2. 地点方位介词in:在内部(in the room)。on:表面接触(on the table)。at:具体地点(at the hospital)。next to / beside:旁边(next to the bank)。between ... and ...:两者之间(between the library and the gym)。across from:对面(across from the supermarket)。under / above:上下位置(under the tree / above the clouds)。3. 空间移动介词into:进入(go into the room)。out of:离开(get out of the car)。across:穿过(walk across the road)。through:穿过(walk through the park)。along:沿着(go along the street)。4. 方式手段介词by:交通工具(by bus / by bike)。with:工具或伴随(write with a pen / go with friends)。in:语言或材料(speak in English / written in ink)。5. 其他常考介词for:目的或对象(buy a gift for mom)。of:所属关系(the map of the city)。about:关于(talk about the trip)。常用介词短语in front of(在…前面)on the corner of(在…拐角处)by the way(顺便说)at the end of(在…尽头)in the middle of(在…中间)according to(根据)because of(因为)经典练习:一、用适当介词填空1. The hospital is __________ Shanghai Road.2. We will meet __________ 3:00 PM __________ Friday.3. The bookshop is __________ the library and the bank.4. She goes to school __________ bike every day.5. The cat is hiding __________ the table.6. They walked __________ the river and found a bridge.7. My birthday is __________ July.8. The gift is __________ the box.9. We traveled __________ train last summer.10. The keys are __________ my bag.【参考答案】1.on 2. at; on 3. between 4. by 5. under 6.along 7. in 8. in 9. by 10. in二、选择正确介词11. The bank is (at / on / in) the corner of Zhongshan Road.12. I waited (for / since / at) two hours yesterday.13. The museum is (between / next to / through) the supermarket.14. We talked (about / of / with) our camping trip.15. The dog ran (into / through / along) the park.【参考答案】11.on 12. for 13. next to 14. about 15. through三、改错题16. The hotel is in front the museum. → __________17. They arrived at Beijing in Monday. → __________18. She sat between I and Tom. → __________19. We went there by foot. → __________20. The map is on the wall on the classroom. → __________【参考答案】16. in front of the museum17. arrived in Beijing on Monday18. between me and Tom19.on foot20. in the classroom【语法点2】The simple past tense (1) 一般过去时(1)实义动词过去式变化规则【Ucan点拨】1.概念一般过去时用于描述过去发生的动作、存在的状态或习惯性行为。其核心是动作或状态与现在无关,仅强调过去的时间点或时间段。2.基本形式规则动词:在动词原形后加 -ed直接加-ed:play → played以“e”结尾加-d:live → lived以“辅音+y”结尾,变y为i加-ed:study → studied重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写末尾辅音加-ed:stop → stopped不规则动词:需单独记忆(如:go → went, see → saw, take → took, begin → began)3.基本用法(1)过去特定时间发生的动作I visited the museum last Sunday.我上星期天参观了博物馆。She watched a movie yesterday evening.她昨天晚上看了一场电影。(2)过去习惯性或重复性动作He always walked to school when he was a child.当他还是个孩子的时候,他总是走路上学。We played basketball every weekend.我们每个周末都打篮球。(3)过去存在的状态They were happy at the party.他们在聚会上很开心。The weather was sunny yesterday.昨天天气晴朗。4.常用时间状语yesterday(昨天)last week/month/year(上周/上个月/去年)two days ago(两天前)in 2020(在2020年)then(那时)when I was young(当我年轻时)5.句式结构肯定句:主语 + 动词过去式 + 其他。We climbed mountains last Sunday.(我们上周日爬山了。)否定句:be 动词的否定:主语 + was/were + not + 其他。例如:I was not at school yesterday.(我昨天不在学校。)实义动词的否定:主语 + didn't + 动词原形 + 其他。例如:She didn't go to the park last weekend.(她上周末没去公园。)经典练习:1. I ___________ (go) to the park yesterday.2. She ___________ (read) a book last night.3. They ___________ (play) football last weekend.4. We ___________ (watch) a movie last Saturday.5. He ___________ (eat) breakfast this morning.6. She ___________ (not go) to school yesterday.7. They ___________ (not play) basketball last night.8. We ___________ (not watch) TV last night.9. He ___________ (not eat) lunch yesterday.10. I ___________ (visit) my friends last Sunday.11. She ___________ (write) a letter last night.12. They ___________ (sing) a song last weekend.13. We ___________ (dance) at the party last night.14. He ___________ (swim) in the pool last afternoon.15. She ___________ (not visit) her grandparents last weekend.16. They ___________ (not write) a letter last night.17. We ___________ (not sing) a song last weekend.18. He ___________ (not dance) at the party last night.19. I ___________ (not swim) in the pool last afternoon.20. She ___________ (run) in the park last morning. 【参考答案】1. 答案:went解析:“yesterday”是一般过去时的时间标志词,“go”是不规则动词,其过去式为“went”。2. 答案:read解析:“last night”表明该句时态为一般过去时,“read”的过去式形式和原形相同,但读音不同,过去式读作 /red/。3. 答案:played解析:“last weekend”提示句子用一般过去时,“play”是规则动词,其过去式是在词尾直接加 -ed。4. 答案:watched解析:“last Saturday”表示过去时间,“watch”为规则动词,过去式是在词尾加 -ed。5. 答案:ate解析:“this morning”指过去的时间,“eat”是不规则动词,过去式是“ate”。6. 答案:didn't go解析:“yesterday”说明是一般过去时,实义动词的否定句需借助助动词“didn't”,动词还原为原形“go”。7. 答案:didn't play解析:“last night”决定句子用一般过去时,实义动词“play”的否定借助“didn't”,动词用原形。8. 答案:didn't watch解析:“last night”表明时态为一般过去时,实义动词“watch”的否定是“didn't + 动词原形”。9. 答案:didn't eat解析:“yesterday”提示用一般过去时,实义动词“eat”的否定借助“didn't”,动词用原形。10. 答案:visited解析:“last Sunday”是过去时间,“visit”是规则动词,过去式在词尾加 -ed。11. 答案:wrote解析:“last night”表示过去,“write”是不规则动词,过去式是“wrote”。12. 答案:sang解析:“last weekend”表明句子时态为一般过去时,“sing”是不规则动词,其过去式是“sang”。13. 答案:danced解析:“last night”说明用一般过去时,“dance”是以不发音的 e 结尾的规则动词,过去式直接加 -d。14. 答案:swam解析:“last afternoon”是过去时间,“swim”是不规则动词,过去式是“swam”。15. 答案:didn't visit解析:“last weekend”提示用一般过去时,实义动词“visit”的否定借助“didn't”,动词用原形。16. 答案:didn't write解析:“last night”决定句子时态为一般过去时,实义动词“write”的否定借助“didn't”,动词用原形。17. 答案:didn't sing解析:“last weekend”表明是一般过去时,实义动词“sing”的否定借助“didn't”,动词用原形。18. 答案:didn't dance解析:“last night”说明用一般过去时,实义动词“dance”的否定借助“didn't”,动词用原形。19. 答案:didn't swim解析:“last afternoon”是过去时间,实义动词“swim”的否定借助“didn't”,动词用原形。20. 答案:ran解析:“last morning”表示过去,“run”是不规则动词,过去式是“ran”。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览