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Unit2单元语法小专题
语法精讲
一、祈使句
肯定结构：
Do型（行为动词原形开头）：
Put away your things.（收好你的物品。）
Let型（Let + 宾语 + 动词原形）：
Let me help you.（让我来帮助你。）
Be型（Be动词开头）：
Be polite to the old.（对老人要有礼貌。）
否定结构：
Don’t + 动词原形：
Don’t stand up, please!（请不要站起来！）
Don’t let / Let + 宾语 + not：
Don’t let her go. / Let her not go.（不要让她走。）
No + 名词/动名词：
No smoking!（禁止吸烟！）
二、情态动词 can
用法：
表示能力：
I can speak English.（我会说英语。）
表示许可：
He can watch TV now.（他现在可以看电视。）
表示请求：
Can I have a glass of water （我能要一杯水吗？）
句型：
肯定句：主语 + can + 动词原形
You can leave early.（你可以早点走。）
否定句：主语 + cannot/can’t + 动词原形
We can’t eat in class.（我们不能在课堂上吃东西。）
一般疑问句：Can + 主语 + 动词原形？
Can you tell me the rules （你能告诉我规则吗？）
三、must 与 have to 辨析
含义区别：
must：强调主观意愿（必须）。
I must go now, or I will be late.（我必须现在走，否则会迟到。）
have to：强调客观需要（不得不）。
It’s too late. I have to take a taxi.（太晚了，我不得不打车。）
语法规则：
must：无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形。
I/We/You/They must work hard.
have to：需根据时态、人称和数变化。
She has to wear a uniform at school.
否定形式：
mustn’t：表示“禁止”。
You mustn’t swim in the river.（不准在河里游泳！）
don’t have to：表示“不必”。
You don’t have to wear school uniforms at weekends.（周末不必穿校服。）
语法精练
一、单项选择
______ late for class! The teacher is coming.
A. Don’t be B. Don’t C. Be not
—Can you ______ me carry the box
—Sure!
A. help B. to help C. helping
—______ I use your pen
—Yes, you can.
A. Must B. Can C. Have to
You ______ swim here. The sign says “No swimming!”
A. mustn’t B. don’t have to C. can
Let’s ______ the classroom clean.
A. keep B. keeping C. to keep
No ______ in the library!
A. shout B. shouting C. shouted
—Why do you look so tired
—I ______ finish my homework last night.
A. have to B. had to C. must
Be ______ to your classmates!
A. kind B. kindly C. kindness
—Must I wear the school uniform today
—No, you ______. It’s Saturday.
A. mustn’t B. don’t have to C. can’t
______ let the dog sit on the sofa. It’s dirty.
A. Don’t B. Not C. No
二、用所给词的正确形式填空（20题）
Please ______ (not open) the window. It’s cold outside.
______ (be) quiet during the exam!
No ______ (eat) in the computer room!
Let’s ______ (go) to the park after school.
You ______ (must) listen to the teacher carefully.
She ______ (have to) clean her room every day.
Can your brother ______ (play) the piano
Don’t ______ (touch) the hot water. It’s dangerous!
Why ______ (not) you ask the teacher for help
You ______ (can) borrow two books from the library.
Be ______ (careful) when you cross the street.
We ______ (not have to) wear hats in the classroom.
______ (not let) the cat jump on the table!
He ______ (can) solve the math problem easily.
No ______ (smoke) in the hospital!
I ______ (must) finish my homework before 8 p.m.
Let me ______ (help) you with the heavy bag.
You ______ (have to) show your ID card to enter.
______ (not be) shy! Just try your best.
Why not ______ (join) the English club
三、短文语法填空（2篇，每篇10空）
短文一
Hello, everyone! Here are some school rules. First, ______ (not be) late for class. Second, ______ (keep) your desk tidy. Third, no ______ (run) in the hallway. Fourth, you ______ (must) wear the school uniform on weekdays. If you have questions, ______ (ask) the teachers. Remember, you ______ (can) borrow books from the library, but ______ (not take) them home. Let’s ______ (follow) the rules together! Why ______ (not) start today
短文二
Tom is a new student. He ______ (have to) learn the class rules. His teacher says, “You ______ (must) raise your hand before speaking. Don’t ______ (eat) in class. No ______ (phone) during lessons!” Tom feels a little nervous, but his classmates ______ (be) friendly. They say, “______ (not worry)! We can ______ (help) you.” Now Tom knows he ______ (can) ask for help anytime. Let’s ______ (wish) him good luck!
参考答案
一、单项选择
1-5: AABAA 6-10: BBABA
二、用所给词的正确形式填空
don’t open 2. Be 3. eating 4. go 5. must
has to 7. play 8. touch 9. don’t 10. can
careful 12. don’t have to 13. Don’t let 14. can 15. smoking
must 17. help 18. have to 19. Don’t be 20. join
三、短文语法填空
短文一
Don’t be, keep, running, must, ask, can, don’t take, follow, not
短文二
has to, must, eat, phones, are, Don’t worry, help, can, wish

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