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第20讲 九年级 Units9--10
重 点 单 词 sadness n. 悲伤；悲痛 pain n. 痛苦；疼痛；苦恼 Australian adj. 澳大利亚 人 的 n. 澳大利亚人 director n. 导演；部门负责人 war n. 战争；战争状态 sense v. 感觉到；意识到 n. 感觉；意识 pity n. 遗憾；怜悯 v. 同情；怜悯 capital n. 首都；国都 wound n. 伤；伤口；创伤 v. 使(身体)受伤；伤害 kiss v.& n. 亲吻；接吻 value v. 重视；珍视 n. 价值 coast n. 海岸；海滨 season n. 季；季节 noon n. 正午；中午 effort n. 努力；尽力 passport n. 护照 blackboard n. 黑板 master n. 大师；能手；主人 v. 掌握 praise v.& n. 表扬；赞扬 knock v. 敲；击 n. 敲击声；敲击 suggestion n. 建议 prefer v. 更喜欢 suppose v. 推断；料想 manner n. 方式；方法；礼貌；礼仪 exchange n.& v. 交换 stick v. 粘贴；将……刺入 shut v. 关闭；关上 reflect v. 反映；映出 eastern adj. 东方的；东部的 worth adj. 值得；有……价值(的) empty adj. 空的；空洞的 spare adj. 空闲的；不用的 v. 抽出；留出 total n. 总数；合计 adj. 总的；全体的 perform v. 表演；执行 .greet v. 和……打招呼；迎接 value v. 重视；珍视 n. 价值 behave v. 表现；举止 electronic adj. 电子的；电子设备的 smooth adj. 悦耳的；平滑的 mad adj. 很生气；疯的 northern adj. 北方的；北部的 painful adj. 令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的 plenty pron. 大量；众多 relaxed adj. 放松的；自在的
词 汇 拓 展 value (v.& n.)重视；珍视；价值→valuable (adj.)有价值的 eastern (adj.)东方的→east (n.)东方 northern (adj.)北方的→north (n.)北方 prefer (v.)更喜欢→preferred (过去式/过去分词) Australian (adj.& n.)澳大利亚 (人)的；澳大利亚人→Australia (n.)澳大利亚 electronic (adj.)电子的；电子设备的→electricity (n.)电 suggestion (n.)建议→suggest (v.)建议 pain (n.)痛苦；疼痛；苦恼→painful (adj.)疼痛的 stick (v.)粘贴；将……刺入→stuck (过去式/过去分词) shut (v.)关闭；关上→shutting (现在分词)→shut (过去式/过去分词) behave (v.)表现；举止→behavior (n.)行为；举止
重 点 短 语 随着……唱歌sing along with 应当做某事be supposed to do sth. 既然那样；假使那样的话in that case 坚持；固守stick to 大量；充足plenty of 关闭；停止运转shut off 偶尔地；间或once in a while 总共；合计in total 毕竟；终归after all 大动肝火；气愤get mad 作出努力make an effort 被期盼做某事be expected to do sth. 握手shake hands 在……的两边on both sides of 顺便拜访；随便进入drop by 把……擦掉clean…off 脱下(衣服)；(飞机等)起飞take off 餐桌礼仪table manners 特地；格外努力get out of one's way 使(某人)感到宾至如归make…feel at home 习惯于get used to
重 点 句 型 —What are you supposed to do when you meet someone for the first time？当你第一次遇到某人你应该做什么？ —You're supposed to shake hands.You're not supposed to kiss.你应该握手。你不应该亲吻。 —What kind of musicians does Carmen like 卡门喜欢什么类型的音乐家？ —She likes musicians who play different kinds of music.她喜欢演奏不同类型音乐的音乐家。 —Is it impolite to keep others waiting？让别人久等不礼貌吗？ —Yes,it's very impolite to keep others waiting.是的,让别人久等不礼貌。 —Is it important to be on time？准时很重要吗？ —Yes,it's important to be on time.是的,准时很重要。 —What kind of groups does Xu Fei like？许飞喜欢哪种乐队？ —He prefers groups that/which play quiet and slow songs.他更喜欢演奏轻柔舒缓歌曲的乐队。 It is a pity that only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear….遗憾的是,总共只有六首曲子被记录了下来得以传世…… …but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.……但如果你想理解另一种文化,麻烦也是值得的。 My biggest challenge is learning how to behave at the dinner table.我最大的挑战是学习餐桌礼仪。 Another thing is that it is impolite to say you're full.另外一件不礼貌的事是说自己吃饱了。 Abing played music that/which could touch the hearts of people.阿炳演奏的音乐是能触动心灵的。 When we listen to his music,we can sense both the beauty and the sadness in it.当我们听他的音乐时,我们能感受到音乐中的凄美。 I find it difficult to remember everything,but I'm gradually getting used to it.我发现记住一切事很困难的,但我正在慢慢地习惯它。 Have a safe trip,and I look forward to meeting you soon！祝你旅途安全,我期望尽快再次见到你！
知识点
考点一 prefer的用法
【教材原句】I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我更喜欢歌词很棒的音乐。
prefer v. 更喜欢，宁愿 现在分词preferring， 过去式/过去分词preferred
相关词形变换：
preference n. 偏爱，优先权
preferable adj. 更可取的
短语搭配：
prefer A to B 与B相比更喜欢A
prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事
prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事
prefer doing sth. to doing sth.与……比更喜欢……
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 与……比更喜欢……
eg：I prefer coffee to tea. 与茶相比，我更喜欢咖啡。
She prefers reading books to watching TV. 她更喜欢看书而不是看电视。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川自贡）I like carrots better than beef, because I p________ vegetables to meat.
【答案】(p)refer
【详解】句意：我喜欢胡萝卜胜过牛肉，因为我喜欢蔬菜胜过肉。根据“I like carrots better than beef, because I …vegetables to meat.”及首字母可知，相比肉，更喜欢蔬菜，prefer“更喜欢”，此句是一般现在时，根据I可知，动词用原形，故填(p)refer。
2．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—Do you often go to the cinema
—I prefer ________ movies at home rather than ________ to the cinema.
A．watching, going B．to watch, go C．watching, go
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你经常去看电影吗？——我宁愿在家看电影而不愿去电影院。
考查动词短语。prefer to do rather than do表示“宁肯做……也不做……”，是固定搭配，故选B。
3．（2023·黑龙江鸡西·一模）—What a heavy rain!
—So it is. I prefer ________ rather than ________ on such a rainy day.
A．stay at home；go out
B．to stay at home；go out
C．staying at home；go out
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——多大的雨啊！——确实如此。在这样的雨天，我宁愿待在家里，也不愿出去。
考查动词短语。prefer to do sth rather than do sth“宁愿做某事，也不愿做某事”，所以第一空填to stay at home，第二空填go out，故选B。
4．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）I prefer _________ shopping to _________ at home on Sundays.
A．to go; staying B．going; stay C．going; staying D．go; to stay
【答案】C
【详解】句意：星期天我宁愿去购物也不愿待在家里。
考查非谓语动词。prefer doing A to doing B“宁愿做事情A也不愿做事情B”，两处都应用动名词形式，故选C。
考点二 except的用法
【教材原句】Another example is that you're not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. 另一个例子是，除了面包，你不应该用你的手吃任何东西，即使是水果也不行。
辨析besides、except、but与except for
besides “除……之外（还有……）”，指“包括后面内容在内”，常与other、also等词连用；还可意为“而且；再说”，放在句首，后面加逗号
except “除……之外”，指“不包括后面内容在内”，表示一种排除关系
but 指“不包括后面内容在内”，常和no、all、nobody等连用，有时可与except替换
except for 意为“除……外;不包括”,在很多情况下可以和except互换使用
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year ________ last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou.
A．including B．since C．except D．till
【答案】C
【详解】句意：除了去年，我父亲每年春节都回南京过年，因为他在常州工作很忙。
考查介词辨析。including包括；since自……以后；except除了；till直到。根据“My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year … last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou”可知，每年春节都回南京过年，除了去年，故选C。
2．（2023·河北唐山·二模）We all went to the Universal Beijing Resort ________ Jim. He had a bad cold.
A．besides B．against C．except D．with
【答案】C
【详解】句意：除了吉姆之外，我们都去了北京环球度假区。他患了重感冒。
考查介词辨析。besides除了……还（包括在内）；against反对；except除……之外（不包括在内）；with和。根据“He had a bad cold.”可知，他患了重感冒，没有去北京环球度假区，所以不包括在内，故选C。
3．（2023·湖南株洲·二模）All of us went to the zoo ________ Tom. Because he had to look after his little brother at home.
A．except B．besides C．with
【答案】A
【详解】句意：除了汤姆，我们所有人都去了动物园。因为他必须在家照顾他的弟弟。
考查介词辨析。except除……之外（不包括在内）；besides除……之外（包括在内）；with和。根据“Because he had to look after his little brother at home.”可知因为他要照顾弟弟，所以除了他之外其他人都去了动物园，故此处用介词except表示“除……之外（不包括）”。故选A。
4．（2023·甘肃定西·三模）Tom is a good boy, ________ his bad temper.
A．beside B．besides C．except D．except for
【答案】D
【详解】句意：Tom是一个好男孩，除了他的坏脾气。
考查词义辨析。beside在……旁边；besides除了，包括后面的宾语在内；except除了，不包括后面的宾语；except for除了，往往用于排除总体良好中的瑕疵。根据“Tom is a good boy”和“his bad temper”可知Tom总体来说是一个好男孩，只是脾气不太好，故选D。
考点三 worth的用法
【教材原句】Learning what you are supposed to do and not supposed to do in social situations may be difficult， but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.了解在社交场合中你应该做什么和不应该做什么也许是困难的,但是如果你想了解另外一种文化,这困难是值得的。
词性及词义 常用结构
adj.值得；有……价值（的） be worth+价钱 值……（钱数）
be worth+名词 值得……
it is worth doing sth.做某事是值得的 sth. is worth doing值得做某事（使用主动结构表被动意义）
n.价值 be of great worth 很有价值
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏常州·一模）No doubt _______ Qingguo Lane is worth _______ if you visit Changzhou.
A．whether; to visit B．if; a visit C．that; visiting D．that; to visit
【答案】C
【详解】句意：毫无疑问，如果你去常州，青果巷是值得一去的。
考查宾语从句和非谓语动词。在否定句中，doubt后面的宾语从句应用that引导，肯定句中，应用if/whether引导。结合No可知应用that引导；be worth doing sth“值得做某事”，故选C。
2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）— Have you read the book Treasure Island
— Yes. It is a famous book and really worth ________.
A．reading B．to be read C．being read
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——你读过《金银岛》这本书吗？——是的，这是一本名著，非常值得一读。
考查动词短语。be worth doing sth.值得做某事，主动表被动，不可后跟被动形式。故选A。
考点四 take off的用法
【教材原句】In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands. 在许多东欧国家，你在握手前应该脱下手套。
take off 脱下(衣服) ；(飞机等)起飞
注意 take off是“动词+副词”结构的短语，代词作宾语时，必须放在take和off之间。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·西藏·中考真题）—Remember to ________ your glasses before doing eye exercises.
—Sure, I will.
A．take off B．take up C．put off D．put up
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——做眼保健操前记得把眼镜摘下来。——当然，我会的。
考查动词短语。take off脱下；take up占据；put off推迟；put up张贴。根据“ your glasses before doing eye exercises”可知做眼保健操前要把眼镜摘下来。故选A。
2．（2024·安徽阜阳·一模）—Most countries have different customs. How about shaking hands in China
—In our country, people are expected to ______ gloves before shaking hands.
A．put away B．play with C．hang up D．take off
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——大多数国家都有不同的习俗。在中国握手怎么样？——在我们国家，人们在握手前要脱下手套。
考查动词短语辨析。put away收起；play with玩弄；hang up挂起；take off脱下。根据“In our country, people are expected to…gloves before shaking hands.”可知，在中国，人们在握手前要脱下手套。故选D。
3．（2023·福建福州·三模）Hurry up, the plane will ________ in ten minutes.
A．put off B．take off C．see off
【答案】B
【详解】句意：快点，飞机将在十分钟后起飞。
考查动词短语。put off延迟；take off起飞；set off出发。根据“Hurry up”可知，要快点，因此表示飞机要起飞了，故选B。
4．（2023·河北廊坊·二模）You had better ________ those wet clothes or you’ll get a cold.
A．put on B．take off C．set off D．cut off
【答案】B
【详解】句意：你最好脱下那些湿衣服，否则你会感冒。
考查动词短语。put on穿上；take off脱下；set off出发；cut off切断。根据“or you will get a cold”可知，你可能会感冒，因此表示你最好脱下那些湿衣服，故选B。
考点五 sadness的用法
sadness n. 悲伤，忧愁
相关词形变换：
sad adj. 悲伤的
sadly adv. 悲伤地
短语搭配：
feel sadness 感到悲伤
express sadness 表达悲伤
eg：Her eyes filled with sadness when she heard the news. 当她听到这个消息时，眼里充满了悲伤。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—Why are you so ________
—Because my pet dog is dead.
A．pleased B．active C．sad D．friendly
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——你为什么这么伤心？——因为我的宠物狗死了。
考查形容词辨析。pleased满意的；active积极的；sad伤心的；friendly友好的。根据“Because my pet dog is dead.”可知宠物狗死了，所以伤心，故选C。
考点六 curious的用法
curious adj. 好奇的
相关词形变换：
curiosity n. 好奇心
curiously adv. 好奇地
短语搭配：
be curious about sth. 对某事好奇
satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
eg：He is very curious about the new technology. 他对新技术非常好奇。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）People are ________ whether a man wearing glasses can enter a space station.
A．patient with B．crazy about C．busy with D．curious about
【答案】D
【详解】句意：人们好奇一个戴眼镜的人能否进入空间站。
考查形容词短语。be patient with对……有耐心；be crazy about着迷于……；be busy with忙于……；be curious about对……好奇。根据“whether a man wearing glasses can enter a space station.”可知，人们对“一个戴眼镜的人能否进入空间站”感到好奇。故选D。
考点七 relaxed的用法
relaxed adj. 放松的，轻松的
相关词形变换：
relax v. 放松
relaxing adj. 令人放松的
短语搭配：
feel relaxed 感到放松
relaxed atmosphere 轻松的气氛
eg：I feel very relaxed after a long vacation. 长假后我感到非常放松。
◆ 精题巧练
1.（2024·安徽中考·完形填空节选）Spending time with your pet helps you get . Talking to your pet about your worries can make you feel comfortable
A．tired B．touched C．relaxed D．bored
【答案】C
【详解】句意：花时间和你的宠物在一起可以帮助你放松。
tired劳累的；touched感动的；relaxed放松的；bored无聊的。根据“Talking to your pet about your worries can make you feel comfortable”可知，和宠物在一起会让你感到舒服放松。故选C。
2．（2023·江苏徐州·一模）Mr. Ma is a wise man, and he usually gives us a few ________.
A．suggestions B．advice C．information D．knowledge
【答案】A
【详解】句意：马先生是一位明智的人，经常给我们一些建议。
考查名词辨析。suggestions建议；advice建议；information信息；knowledge知识。根据“Mr. Ma is a wise man”以及“gives us a few”可知，此处需填“建议”，且为可数名词复数形式。故选A。
3．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）Listening to the falling rain is so ________ when lying down on the bed on a silent night.
A．relax B．relaxing C．relaxed
【答案】B
【详解】句意：在一个寂静的夜晚，躺在床上听着雨声是如此的放松。
考查形容词辨析。relax使放松；relaxing令人放松的，物作主语；relaxed感到放松的，人作主语。根据“Listening to the falling rain is so...when lying down on the bed on a silent night.”可知，此处指躺在床上听着雨声是令人放松的，故选B。
4．（2023·湖南湘西·三模）—Why do you like reading novels
—Because it makes me ________.
A．sad B．relaxed C．nervous
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你为什么喜欢读小说？——因为它让我放松。
考查形容词词义辨析。sad悲伤的；relaxed放松的；nervous紧张的。根据“Why do you like reading novels ”可知，应该是让我放松。故选B。
考点八 effort的用法
effort n. 努力，尝试
相关词形变换：
effortless adj. 不费力的
短语搭配：
put effort into sth. 在某事上付出努力
make an effort 做出努力
eg：She made a great effort to finish the project on time. 她为了按时完成项目付出了很大的努力。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·安徽阜阳·二模）Teenagers shouldn’t sit there for daydreaming. No one can achieve anything without _________.
A．effort B．standard C．ability D．pride
【答案】A
【详解】句意：青少年不应该坐在那里做白日梦。没有人不努力就能做成任何事。
考查名词辨析。effort努力；standard标准；ability能力；pride自豪。根据“No one can achieve anything without…”可知，不努力的话不会做成任何事。故选A。
考点九 after all的用法
after all 毕竟，终究
eg：After all, he is only a child. 毕竟，他只是个孩子。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏连云港·二模）—I don’t care what other people think.
—Well, you should. ________ some ideas are of great value.
A．In all B．Above all C．After all D．First of all
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我不关心其他人想什么。——嗯，你应该关心。毕竟，有些想法很有价值。
考查介词短语辨析。In all总计；Above all最重要的是；After all毕竟；First of all首先。根据“you should”以及“some ideas are of great value.”可知，毕竟有些想法很有价值，所以要关心别人的想法，用After all。故选C。
2．（2023·山东青岛·二模）—Dick made a mess in the room again! He makes me crazy!
—Don’t be so angry with him. ________, he is still a child.
A．All in all B．In the end C．After all D．To start with
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——迪克又把房间弄得乱七八糟了！他让我疯狂！——不要对他那么生气。毕竟他还是个孩子。
考查介词短语辨析。All in all总之；In the end最后；After all毕竟；To start with首先。根据“Don’t be so angry with him. …, he is still a child.”可知，此处表示的是毕竟他还是个孩子，因此此处用“after all”。故选C。
3．（2024·吉林松原·二模）—This is so difficult that I want to give up.
—Take it easy. ________, it takes time to learn something new.
A．In that case B．After all C．For example
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——这太难了，我想放弃。——别紧张。毕竟，学习新东西需要时间。
考查介词短语。In that case既然那样；After all毕竟；For example例如。根据“it takes time to learn something new”可知，毕竟学习新东西是需要时间。故选B。
考点十 praise的用法
praise n. 赞扬，赞美 v. 赞扬，称赞
短语搭配：
win praise 赢得赞扬
give praise to someone 给予某人赞扬
praise someone for sth. 因某事而赞扬某人
eg：He received much praise for his excellent work. 他因其出色的工作而受到了许多赞扬。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·安徽合肥·一模）—It’s surprising that the boy did better with your encouragement.
—Correction does much, but ________ does more.
A．choice B．decision C．reason D．praise
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——令人惊讶的是在你的鼓励下男孩做的更好。——纠正很有用，但赞扬的效果更好。
考查名词辨析。choice选择；decision决定；reason理由；praise赞扬。根据“It’s surprising that the boy did better with your encouragement.”可知是指赞扬能够使他做的更好。故选D。
2．（2023·安徽安庆·二模）The Chinese film received a lot of ________ with a high score of 9.2 on the Internet.
A．power B．energy C．praise D．wealth
【答案】C
【详解】句意：这部中国电影在网上以9.2分获得了广泛的好评。
考查名词辨析。power力量；energy精力；praise赞扬；wealth财富。根据“with a high score of 9.2”可知，这部电影广受好评。故选C。
考点十一 value的用法
value n. 价值，重要性 v. 估价，珍视
相关词形变换：
valuable adj. 有价值的
valueless adj. 无价值的
短语搭配：
value someone's opinion 珍视某人的意见
eg：This painting has great artistic value. 这幅画具有很高的艺术价值。
I value your friendship very much. 我非常珍视我们的友谊。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·安徽合肥·二模）—Have you ever heard “Reading makes a full man.”
—Of course. It tells the ________ of reading.
A．ability B．difficulty C．courage D．value
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——你听过“读书使人充实”吗？ ——当然。它讲述了了读书的价值。
考查名词辨析。ability能力；difficulty困难；courage勇气；value价值。根据“Have you ever heard ‘Reading makes a full man.’”可知，此处填“价值”符合语境，指的是读书的价值。故选D。
2．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）You should ________ the time with your parents because you will leave them when you grow up.
A．change B．stop C．avoid D．value
【答案】D
【详解】句意：你应该珍惜和父母在一起的时间，因为你长大后会离开他们。
考查动词辨析。change改变；stop停止；avoid避免；value珍惜。根据“You should … the time with your parents because you will leave them when you grow up.”可知，长大后会离开父母，所以要珍惜和父母在一起的时间，故选D。
3．（2024·安徽合肥·一模）—Chinese traditional festivals are the treasures of our culture.
—That’s true. And we should ________ them.
A．cancel B．influence C．throw D．value
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——中国的传统节日是我们文化的瑰宝。——这是真的。我们应该重视它们。
考查动词辨析。cancel取消；influence影响；throw扔；value尊重，重视。根据“Chinese traditional festivals are the treasures of our culture.”可知，传统节日是文化中的瑰宝，我们应该予以重视。故选D。
4．（2024·福建南平·一模）We should ________ the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives.
A．waste B．reduce C．value
【答案】C
【详解】句意：在日常生活中，我们应该珍惜与家人和朋友共度的时光。
考查动词辨析。waste浪费；reduce减少；value珍惜。根据“we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives”可知，此处是指珍惜与家人、朋友共度的时光。故选C。
考点十二 smooth的用法
smooth adj. 平滑的，顺利的
相关词形变换：
smoothly adv. 平滑地，顺利地
短语搭配：
a smooth journey 顺利的旅程
eg：The road is very smooth. 这条路很平滑。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Life is like a road. It isn’t always ________.
—I can’t agree more. So we should learn to deal with all kinds of difficulties.
A．smooth B．silent C．serious D．special
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——生活就像一条路。事情并不总是一帆风顺。——我完全同意。所以我们应该学会处理各种各样的困难。
考查形容词辨析。smooth平稳的；silent沉默的；serious严肃的；special特别的。根据“we should learn to deal with all kinds of difficulties.”可知生活中充满各种困难，可见生活不是一帆风顺的。故选A。
考点十三 get used to 的用法
get used to 习惯于
短语搭配：
get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
eg：It took me a while to get used to the cold weather. 我花了一段时间才习惯寒冷的天气。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·四川达州·中考真题）The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ________ them through PPTs.
A．write, showing B．writing, show C．write, show
【答案】A
【详解】句意：老师们过去常常把重点写在黑板上，但现在他们已经习惯了通过PPT来展示。
考查非谓语动词。used to do sth.过去常常做某事，第一空应为动词原形write。get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事，第二空应为动名词showing。故选A。
考点十四 exchange的用法
exchange v. 交换，交流 n. 交换，交流
相关词形变换：
exchangeable adj. 可交换的
短语搭配：
exchange ideas 交流思想
exchange gifts 交换礼物
eg：We exchanged our phone numbers. 我们交换了电话号码。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·山东青岛·一模）—I have no time to see a film today, but I don’t have any way to ________ the ticket for a different date.
—You can sell it online.
A．accept B．exchange C．buy D．allow
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——今天我没有时间看电影，但是我没有办法把电影票换成另一个日期的。——你可以在网上卖掉它。
考查动词辨析。accept接受；exchange交换；buy买；allow允许。根据“the ticket for a different date”可知，此处指“换日期”，故选B。
考点十五 basic的用法
basic adj. 基本的，基础的 n. 基础，要素
相关词形变换
basically adv. 基本上
短语搭配：
basic needs 基本需求
basic skills 基本技能
eg：This is a basic rule of grammar. 这是语法的基本规则。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·安徽合肥·二模）—I need some information about the book, including who wrote it and when it came out.
—OK. I’ll send its ________ information to you right now.
A．opposite B．secret C．private D．basic
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——我需要一些关于这本书的信息，包括是谁写的，出版的时间。——好的。我马上把它的基本信息发给你。
考查形容词辨析。opposite相反的；secret秘密的；private私人的；basic基本的。根据“including who wrote it and when it came out”可知，这本书的作者，出版的时间，都属于基本的信息，故选D。
考点十六 gradually的用法
gradually adv. 逐渐地
相关词形变换：
gradual adj. 逐渐的
eg：The weather gradually became warmer. 天气逐渐变暖了。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·福建泉州·二模）At first Li Hua didn’t like English, but ________ he became interested in it with the help of his teachers and classmates.
A．gradually B．happily C．carefully
【答案】A
【详解】句意：起初李华不喜欢英语，但在老师和同学的帮助下他对英语逐渐产生了兴趣。
考查副词辨析。gradually逐渐地；happily高兴地；carefully仔细地。根据“At first Li Hua didn’t like English”及“he became interested in it with the help of his teachers and classmates.”可知，起初不喜欢，后来在老师和同学的帮助下逐渐地产生了兴趣，故选A。
2．（2023·江西九江·二模）Factory workers have been replaced __________ by machines because of the development of AI (artificial intelligence).
A．simply B．gradually C．especially D．luckily
【答案】B
【详解】句意：由于人工智能的发展，工厂工人逐渐被机器取代。
考查副词辨析。simply仅仅；gradually逐步地；especially尤其地；luckily幸运地。根据“because of the development of AI (artificial intelligence)”可知，工人会逐渐地被人工智能所取代。故选B。
考点十七 greet的用法
greet v. 问候，迎接
相关词形变换：
greeting n. 问候，致意
短语搭配：
greet someone warmly热情地问候某人
eg：She greeted me with a smile. 她微笑着向我问候。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·福建厦门·一模）— Do you know how the Chinese ________ each other for the first time
— They usually shake hands with each other.
A．behave B．greet C．value
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你知道中国人第一次见面是怎么打招呼的吗？——他们通常互相握手。
考查动词辨析。behave表现；greet问候，打招呼；value重视。根据“They usually shake hands with each other.”可知此处询问的是如何打招呼，故选B。
考点十八 empty的用法
empty adj. 空的
相关词形变换：
emptiness n. 空虚，空旷
eg：The bottle is empty. 瓶子是空的。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·安徽宿州·一模）Mum, my stomach is ________. Please give me something to eat.
A．empty B．hungry C．full D．thirty
【答案】A
【详解】句意：妈妈，我的肚子是空的。请给我点吃的。
考查形容词辨析。empty空的；hungry饥饿的；full满的；thirty三十。根据“Please give me something to eat.”可知，想吃东西，“我”应是饿了，结合主语“stomach”可知，此处指肚子空了。故选A。
考点十九 stick的用法
stick v. 粘住，坚持 n. 棍子，手杖
相关词形变换：
sticky adj. 粘的
短语搭配：
stick to 坚持做某事
stick to your plan 坚持你的计划
get stuck 被困住
eg：The glue sticks the paper together. 胶水把纸粘在了一起。
He always sticks to his principles. 他总是坚持自己的原则。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·安徽亳州·一模）Although condition was so difficult, Jean still ______ her dream.
A．looked up B．stuck to C．found out D．turned down
【答案】B
【详解】句意：尽管条件如此困难，Jean仍然坚持自己的梦想。
考查动词短语。looked up查找；stuck to坚持；found out查明，弄清楚；turned down拒绝。根据“Although condition was so difficult”可知，尽管条件艰难，她仍然坚持梦想。故选B。
2．（2023·山东滨州·中考真题）—Do you know the astronaut Wang Yaping
—Sure. She is a great woman who can ________ her dreams. I really look up to her.
A．pay for B．stick to C．lay out D．set out
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——你认识宇航员王亚平吗？——当然。她是一个伟大的女人，能够坚持自己的梦想。我真的很尊敬她。
考查动词短语。pay for支付；stick to坚持；lay out展示；set out出发。根据“her dreams”可知是坚持自己的梦想。故选B。
考点二十 shut off的用法
shut off 关掉，切断
短语搭配：
shut off the lights 关灯
shut off the gas 关煤气
eg：Remember to shut off the TV before you go to bed. 睡觉前记得关电视。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·福建南平·一模）— Please ________ the TV. The baby is sleeping over there.
— Sorry, I’ll do it at once.
A．look at B．shut off C．turn up
【答案】B
【详解】句意：——请关掉电视。婴儿在那边睡觉。——抱歉，我立刻做。
考查动词短语辨析。look at看；shut off关闭；turn up调高（音量）。根据“The baby is sleeping over there”可知，婴儿正在睡觉所以要关闭电视，故选B。
考点二十一 suggestion的用法
suggestion n. 词义：建议
相关词形变换：
suggest v. 建议
短语搭配：
make a suggestion 提出建议
follow someone's suggestion 采纳某人的建议
eg：I have a good suggestion for improving our work efficiency.我有一个提高工作效率的好建议。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏徐州·一模）Mr. Ma is a wise man, and he usually gives us a few ________.
A．suggestions B．advice C．information D．knowledge
【答案】A
【详解】句意：马先生是一位明智的人，经常给我们一些建议。
考查名词辨析。suggestions建议；advice建议；information信息；knowledge知识。根据“Mr. Ma is a wise man”以及“gives us a few”可知，此处需填“建议”，且为可数名词复数形式。故选A。
2．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）—Let’s go and get something to eat. What do you ________
—How about fish and chips
A．suggest B．imagine C．suppose D．insist
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——我们去吃点东西吧。你有什么建议？——鱼和薯条怎么样？
考查动词辨析。suggest建议；imagine想象；suppose设想；insist坚持。根据“How about fish and chips”可知，询问对方的建议，故选A。
考点二十二 totally的用法
totally adv. 完全地，彻底地
相关词形变换：
total adj. 总的，全部的；n. 总数
短语搭配：
totally agree 完全同意
totally different完全不同
eg：I totally understand your point of view.我完全理解你的观点。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·安徽合肥·一模）—A boy from Hefei made a model plane ________ on his own in less than a month.
—Without any help He is so excellent.
A．nearly B．mostly C．partly D．totally
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——一个来自合肥的男孩在不到一个月的时间里完全靠自己做了一架模型飞机。——没有任何帮助？他是如此优秀。
考查副词辨析。nearly几乎；mostly主要地；partly部分地；totally完全地。根据“Without any help He is so excellent.”可知，没有任何帮助，因此表示完全靠自己，故选D。
语法点
一、定语从句
1. 定语从句的概念
定语在句中的作用是修饰特定的名词或名词短语，充当定语的不是单词和短语，而是一个完整的句子，这个充当定语的句子就是定语从句。
e.g. The government which promises to cut taxes will be popular.承诺减税的政府将受到欢迎。
2. 定语从句的引导词使用。
定语从句的引导词主要分为关系代词和有关系副词，关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等，关系副词主要有when, where, why等。
定语从句引导词的选择：
(1)定语从句中缺主语，修饰人时用who／that，修饰物时用which ／that引导。e.g. Is this the factory which ／that makes TV sets？
The man who ／that visited our school is from Australia．
(2)从句中缺宾语，修饰人时用 who／whom／that或省略引导词；修饰物时用which／that或省略引导词。
e.g. Gone are the days which ／that we spent together in the village．
He is the man who ／whom ／that I think to be worthy of our praise．
(3)从句中缺时间状语，用when或介词＋which引导。
e.g. The day finally came when ／on which I was given a job．
We'll put off the outing until next week，when we won't be so busy．
(4)从句中缺地点状语，用where或介词＋which引导。
e.g. Please put the letter on the desk where／on which he can easily find it．
(5)从句中缺原因状语或先行词是 reason时，引导词用why／for which／ that。
e.g. This is the reason why／for which／that he didn't come to the meeting．
(6)从句中缺定语，人和物都用 whose引导。
e.g. A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan．
Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black．
(7)当先行词是way时，其定语从句的引导词用in which／that。
e.g. The way in which ／that he looks at problems is wrong．
3. 关系代词只能用that的情况
在某些情况下，关系代词只能用that，不能用who和which，主要有下列这些：
(1) 当先行词为all, much, none, something, nothing, everything, the one, few, little, many, anything等不定代词时。
e.g. We should do all that is useful to the people.
(2)当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, many, much等不定代词修饰时
e.g. The only thing that we can do was to wait.
(3)当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级以及the only, the very, the next, the last等修饰时。
e.g. This is the first book that I bought in the shop.
(4)当先行词是形容词最高级时。
e.g. This is the best that can be done now.
(5)先行词既指人又指物时。
e.g. We talked of things and persons that we remembered.
(6)句子的前一部分已经出现了which,为避免重复，句子的后面部分通常不再用 which而用that来引导。
e.g. Which is the book that you bought yesterday
(7)当主句是以who , which 引起的特殊疑问句时，关系代词通常只用that。
e.g. Who is the man that you spoke to just now
(8)在there be句型中,只能用that。
e.g. There was still a lot of homework that we had to do in our spare time.
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days.
A．who B．which C．whose
【答案】B
【详解】句意：“科目三”是最近很受欢迎的引人注目的舞蹈表演。
考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，这是一个定语从句，先行词dance performance指物，在从句中作主语，关系词用which，故选B。
2．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky.
A．where B．when C．which D．who
【答案】C
【详解】句意：作为一个科学爱好者，我希望我能发明一辆能在空中飞行的自行车。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是a bike，关系词在从句中作主语，用which引导定语从句。故选C。
3．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A．when B．who C．that
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我永远不会忘记去年夏天我们在志愿者工作中的经历。——我也是。这三天是有意义的，充满了乐趣。
考查定语从句。when先行词为时间，在从句中作状语；who先行词为人，在从句中作主语/宾语；that先行词为人/物。根据“experiences”可知，先行词为物，且关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导。故选C。
4．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the best story ________ I have ever read.
A．who B．where C．that
【答案】C
【详解】句意：《愚公移山》是我读过的最好的故事。
考查定语从句。句子是定语从句，先行词是story，关系词在从句中作宾语，用that引导定语从句。故选C。
二、be expected +to do结构
be expected to do 意为“被期望做……，预计做……”
e.g. They are expected to finish the work today. 预期他们今天会完成工作。
Teachers can only be expected to do what is reasonable and practicable. 教师只应该做合情合理而且切实可行的事。
Students will be expected to do all the assigned reading before class. 学生应于课前完成指定阅读
expect是及物动词，意为“预料，盼望”，它有以下常见用法：
(1) expect+ n. /pron. 预计……可能发生；期待某人或某物
e.g. The old man is expecting his daughter’s visit. 这个老人正盼望着他女儿的到访。
(2) expect to do sth. 料想做某事
e.g. In the United States, they’re expected to shake hands. 在美国，人们希望他们握手。
(3) expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事　
e.g. Do you expect him to teach you English 你希望他教你英语吗
(4) expect +从句　预计/料想……
e.g. I expect that he will call me soon.我期待他很快会给我打电话。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·甘肃武威） You’re expected ______ (shake) hands when meeting people for the first time in China.
【答案】to shake
【详解】句意：当你第一次在中国与人见面时，你应该握手。be expected to do sth“被期望做某事”，shake hands“握手”。故填to shake。
2．（2023·山东滨州·中考真题）—Can he get the first prize in the race
—He ________ so, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now.
A．will expect to do B．is expected doing
C．has expected doing D．was expected to do
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——他能在比赛中获得第一名吗？——大家都希望他这样，但他只是把腿弄伤了。现在不可能了。
考查动词时态和语态。主语He和expect之间是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，结合“but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now.”可知，期望的动作发生在过去，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，be expected to do sth“被期望做某事”，固定短语，故选D。
三、 be supposed+ to do结构
be supposed to 意为“被期望或要求……”，其中 to 是动词不定式符号，其后要跟动词原形，be 有人称和时态的变化，其否定形式要在 be 后加 not。
（1）当 be supposed to 的主语是“人”时，意为“应该……”，它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词 should。
e.g. You are supposed to stop smoking. 你应该停止吸烟。
You are supposed to arrive at the meeting at 8: 00. =You should arrive at the meeting at 8: 00. 你应该八点到会。
（2）当 be supposed to 的主语是“物”时，表示“本应；本该”，用于表示“某事本应该发生而没有发生”
e.g. The new law is supposed to prevent crime. 新法令本该起到预防犯罪的作用。
（3）否定结构
be supposed to的否定式，要在be后加not，此时相当于be not allowed to do，意为“不被许可；不应”。
e.g. You are not supposed to eat with your hands. 你不应该用手吃饭。
（4）疑问结构。
be supposed to的疑问句式要将be的相应形式提到主语前。
e.g. When were you supposed to arrive at the party 你应该什么时候到达聚会？
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川成都·一模）People are ______ to wear masks in winter in order to keep healthy from heavy fogs.
A．supposed B．discovered C．allowed
【答案】A
【详解】句意：人们应该在冬天戴口罩，以保持身体健康，避免大雾。
考查词义辨析。supposed认为，推断，be supposed to do sth.应该做某事；discovered发现，发现；allowed允许，be allowed to do sth.（被）允许做某事。根据“in order to keep healthy from heavy fogs”和常识可知人们应该戴口罩。故选A。
2．（2024·四川成都·一模）—Li Hua, I’m going to your country China to study next term. In your opinion, what’s the most important table manners
—I think ________.
A．you should wear a T-shirt and jeans
B．you’re expected to be there on time. It’s very important
C．you’re not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——李华，下学期我要去贵国中国学习。在你看来，最重要的餐桌礼仪是什么？——我认为如果餐桌上有老年人，你不应该先开始吃饭。
考查情景交际和常识。you should wear a T-shirt and jeans你应该穿T恤和牛仔裤；you’re expected to be there on time. It’s very important你应该准时到达那里。这很重要；you’re not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table如果餐桌上有老年人，你不应该先开始吃饭。根据“what’s the most important table manners ”可知，此处提问餐桌礼仪，故选C。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
第20讲 九年级 Units9--10
重 点 单 词 ____________ n.悲伤；悲痛 ____________ n.痛苦；疼痛；苦恼 ____________ adj.澳大利亚人的n.澳大利亚人 ____________ n.导演；部门负责人 ____________ n.战争；战争状态 ____________ v.感觉到；意识到n.感觉；意识 ____________ n.遗憾；怜悯v.同情；怜悯 ____________ n.首都；国都 ____________ n.伤；伤口；创伤v.使(身体)受伤；伤害 ____________ v.&n.亲吻；接吻 ____________ v.重视；珍视n.价值 ____________ n.海岸；海滨 ____________ n.季；季节 ____________ n.正午；中午 ____________ n.努力；尽力 ____________ n.护照 ____________ n.黑板 ____________ n.大师；能手；主人v.掌握 ____________ v.&n.表扬；赞扬 ____________ v.敲；击n.敲击声；敲击 ____________ n.建议 ____________ v.更喜欢 ____________ v.推断；料想 ____________ n.方式；方法；礼貌；礼仪 ____________ n.&v.交换 ____________ v.粘贴；将……刺入 ____________ v.关闭；关上 ____________ v.反映；映出 ____________ adj.东方的；东部的 ____________ adj.值得；有……价值(的) ____________ adj.空的；空洞的 ____________ adj.空闲的；不用的v.抽出；留出 ____________ n.总数；合计adj.总的；全体的 ____________ v.表演；执行 ____________ v.和……打招呼；迎接 ____________ v.重视；珍视n.价值 ____________ v.表现；举止 ____________ adj.电子的；电子设备的 ____________ adj.悦耳的；平滑的 ____________ adj.很生气；疯的 ____________ adj.北方的；北部的 ____________ adj.令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的 ____________ pron.大量；众多 ____________ adj.放松的；自在的
词 汇 拓 展 value (v.& n.)重视；珍视；价值→___________ (adj.)有价值的 eastern (adj.)东方的→___________ (n.)东方 northern (adj.)北方的→___________ (n.)北方 prefer (v.)更喜欢→___________ (过去式/过去分词) Australian (adj.& n.)澳大利亚 (人)的；澳大利亚人→___________ (n.)澳大利亚 electronic (adj.)电子的；电子设备的→___________ (n.)电 suggestion (n.)建议→___________ (v.)建议 pain (n.)痛苦；疼痛；苦恼→___________ (adj.)疼痛的 stick (v.)粘贴；将……刺入→___________ (过去式/过去分词) shut (v.)关闭；关上→___________ (现在分词)→___________ (过去式/过去分词) behave (v.)表现；举止→___________ (n.)行为；举止
重 点 短 语 随着……唱歌 ____________ 应当做某事 ____________ 既然那样；假使那样的话 ____________ 坚持；固守 ____________ 大量；充足 ____________ 关闭；停止运转 ____________ 偶尔地；间或 ____________ 总共；合计 ____________ 毕竟；终归 ____________ 大动肝火；气愤 ____________ 作出努力 ____________ 被期盼做某事 ____________ 握手 ____________ 在……的两边 ____________ 顺便拜访；随便进入 ____________ 把……擦掉 ____________ 脱下(衣服)；(飞机等)起飞 ____________ 餐桌礼仪 ____________ 特地；格外努力 ____________ 使(某人)感到宾至如归 ____________ 习惯于 ____________
重 点 句 型 —What are you __ __ __ do when you meet someone __ __ __ __ __？当你第一次遇到某人你应该做什么？ —You're supposed to __ __ __.You're not supposed to kiss.你应该握手。你不应该亲吻。 —What kind of musicians does Carmen like 卡门喜欢什么类型的音乐家？ —She likes musicians __ __ play different kinds of music.她喜欢演奏不同类型音乐的音乐家。 —Is it impolite to keep others waiting？让别人久等不礼貌吗？ —Yes,__ __ __ __ __ keep others waiting.是的,让别人久等不礼貌。 —Is it important to __ __ __ __？准时很重要吗？ —Yes,it's important to be on time.是的,准时很重要。 —What kind of groups does Xu Fei like？许飞喜欢哪种乐队？ —He __ __ groups __ __ play quiet and slow songs.他更喜欢演奏轻柔舒缓歌曲的乐队。 __ __ __ __ __ __ only six pieces of music in total were recorded for the future world to hear ….遗憾的是,总共只有六首曲子被记录了下来得以传世…… …but it __ __ __ the trouble if you want to understand another culture.……但如果你想理解另一种文化,麻烦也是值得的。 My biggest challenge is __ __ __ __ __ at the dinner table.我最大的挑战是学习餐桌礼仪。 Another thing is that __ __ __ __ to say you're full.另外一件不礼貌的事是说自己吃饱了。 Abing played music __ __ could touch the hearts of people.阿炳演奏的音乐是能触动心灵的。 When we listen to his music,we can __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ in it.当我们听他的音乐时,我们能感受到音乐中的凄美。 I find __ __ __ __ remember everything,but I'm ____ __ getting used to it.我发现记住一切事很困难的,但我正在慢慢地习惯它。 Have a safe trip,and I __ __ __ __ meeting you soon！祝你旅途安全,我期望尽快再次见到你！
知识点
考点一 prefer的用法
【教材原句】I prefer music that has great lyrics. 我更喜欢歌词很棒的音乐。
prefer v. 更喜欢，宁愿 现在分词preferring， 过去式/过去分词preferred
相关词形变换：
preference n. 偏爱，优先权
preferable adj. 更可取的
短语搭配：
prefer A to B 与B相比更喜欢A
prefer doing sth. 更喜欢做某事
prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事
prefer doing sth.更喜欢做某事
prefer doing sth. to doing sth.与……比更喜欢……
prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 与……比更喜欢……
eg：I prefer coffee to tea. 与茶相比，我更喜欢咖啡。
She prefers reading books to watching TV. 她更喜欢看书而不是看电视。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川自贡）I like carrots better than beef, because I p________ vegetables to meat.
2．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·二模）—Do you often go to the cinema
—I prefer ________ movies at home rather than ________ to the cinema.
A．watching, going B．to watch, go C．watching, go
3．（2023·黑龙江鸡西·一模）—What a heavy rain!
—So it is. I prefer ________ rather than ________ on such a rainy day.
A．stay at home；go out
B．to stay at home；go out
C．staying at home；go out
4．（2024·江苏宿迁·二模）I prefer _________ shopping to _________ at home on Sundays.
A．to go; staying B．going; stay C．going; staying D．go; to stay
考点二 except的用法
【教材原句】Another example is that you're not supposed to eat anything with your hands except bread, not even fruit. 另一个例子是，除了面包，你不应该用你的手吃任何东西，即使是水果也不行。
辨析besides、except、but与except for
besides “除……之外（还有……）”，指“包括后面内容在内”，常与other、also等词连用；还可意为“而且；再说”，放在句首，后面加逗号
except “除……之外”，指“不包括后面内容在内”，表示一种排除关系
but 指“不包括后面内容在内”，常和no、all、nobody等连用，有时可与except替换
except for 意为“除……外;不包括”,在很多情况下可以和except互换使用
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏常州·中考真题）My father goes back to Nanjing for the Spring Festival every year ________ last year because he was busy with his work in Changzhou.
A．including B．since C．except D．till
2．（2023·河北唐山·二模）We all went to the Universal Beijing Resort ________ Jim. He had a bad cold.
A．besides B．against C．except D．with
3．（2023·湖南株洲·二模）All of us went to the zoo ________ Tom. Because he had to look after his little brother at home.
A．except B．besides C．with
4．（2023·甘肃定西·三模）Tom is a good boy, ________ his bad temper.
A．beside B．besides C．except D．except for
考点三 worth的用法
【教材原句】Learning what you are supposed to do and not supposed to do in social situations may be difficult， but it is worth the trouble if you want to understand another culture.了解在社交场合中你应该做什么和不应该做什么也许是困难的,但是如果你想了解另外一种文化,这困难是值得的。
词性及词义 常用结构
adj.值得；有……价值（的） be worth+价钱 值……（钱数）
be worth+名词 值得……
it is worth doing sth.做某事是值得的 sth. is worth doing值得做某事（使用主动结构表被动意义）
n.价值 be of great worth 很有价值
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏常州·一模）No doubt _______ Qingguo Lane is worth _______ if you visit Changzhou.
A．whether; to visit B．if; a visit C．that; visiting D．that; to visit
2．（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）— Have you read the book Treasure Island
— Yes. It is a famous book and really worth ________.
A．reading B．to be read C．being read
考点四 take off的用法
【教材原句】In many eastern European countries, you are supposed to take off your gloves before shaking hands. 在许多东欧国家，你在握手前应该脱下手套。
take off 脱下(衣服) ；(飞机等)起飞
注意 take off是“动词+副词”结构的短语，代词作宾语时，必须放在take和off之间。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·西藏·中考真题）—Remember to ________ your glasses before doing eye exercises.
—Sure, I will.
A．take off B．take up C．put off D．put up
2．（2024·安徽阜阳·一模）—Most countries have different customs. How about shaking hands in China
—In our country, people are expected to ______ gloves before shaking hands.
A．put away B．play with C．hang up D．take off
3．（2023·福建福州·三模）Hurry up, the plane will ________ in ten minutes.
A．put off B．take off C．see off
4．（2023·河北廊坊·二模）You had better ________ those wet clothes or you’ll get a cold.
A．put on B．take off C．set off D．cut off
考点五 sadness的用法
sadness n. 悲伤，忧愁
相关词形变换：
sad adj. 悲伤的
sadly adv. 悲伤地
短语搭配：
feel sadness 感到悲伤
express sadness 表达悲伤
eg：Her eyes filled with sadness when she heard the news. 当她听到这个消息时，眼里充满了悲伤。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）—Why are you so ________
—Because my pet dog is dead.
A．pleased B．active C．sad D．friendly
考点六 curious的用法
curious adj. 好奇的
相关词形变换：
curiosity n. 好奇心
curiously adv. 好奇地
短语搭配：
be curious about sth. 对某事好奇
satisfy one's curiosity 满足某人的好奇心
eg：He is very curious about the new technology. 他对新技术非常好奇。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏镇江·中考真题）People are ________ whether a man wearing glasses can enter a space station.
A．patient with B．crazy about C．busy with D．curious about
考点七 relaxed的用法
relaxed adj. 放松的，轻松的
相关词形变换：
relax v. 放松
relaxing adj. 令人放松的
短语搭配：
feel relaxed 感到放松
relaxed atmosphere 轻松的气氛
eg：I feel very relaxed after a long vacation. 长假后我感到非常放松。
◆ 精题巧练
1.（2024·安徽中考·完形填空节选）Spending time with your pet helps you get . Talking to your pet about your worries can make you feel comfortable
A．tired B．touched C．relaxed D．bored
2．（2023·江苏徐州·一模）Mr. Ma is a wise man, and he usually gives us a few ________.
A．suggestions B．advice C．information D．knowledge
3．（2023·黑龙江哈尔滨·三模）Listening to the falling rain is so ________ when lying down on the bed on a silent night.
A．relax B．relaxing C．relaxed
4．（2023·湖南湘西·三模）—Why do you like reading novels
—Because it makes me ________.
A．sad B．relaxed C．nervous
考点八 effort的用法
effort n. 努力，尝试
相关词形变换：
effortless adj. 不费力的
短语搭配：
put effort into sth. 在某事上付出努力
make an effort 做出努力
eg：She made a great effort to finish the project on time. 她为了按时完成项目付出了很大的努力。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·安徽阜阳·二模）Teenagers shouldn’t sit there for daydreaming. No one can achieve anything without _________.
A．effort B．standard C．ability D．pride
考点九 after all的用法
after all 毕竟，终究
eg：After all, he is only a child. 毕竟，他只是个孩子。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏连云港·二模）—I don’t care what other people think.
—Well, you should. ________ some ideas are of great value.
A．In all B．Above all C．After all D．First of all
2．（2023·山东青岛·二模）—Dick made a mess in the room again! He makes me crazy!
—Don’t be so angry with him. ________, he is still a child.
A．All in all B．In the end C．After all D．To start with
3．（2024·吉林松原·二模）—This is so difficult that I want to give up.
—Take it easy. ________, it takes time to learn something new.
A．In that case B．After all C．For example
考点十 praise的用法
praise n. 赞扬，赞美 v. 赞扬，称赞
短语搭配：
win praise 赢得赞扬
give praise to someone 给予某人赞扬
praise someone for sth. 因某事而赞扬某人
eg：He received much praise for his excellent work. 他因其出色的工作而受到了许多赞扬。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·安徽合肥·一模）—It’s surprising that the boy did better with your encouragement.
—Correction does much, but ________ does more.
A．choice B．decision C．reason D．praise
2．（2023·安徽安庆·二模）The Chinese film received a lot of ________ with a high score of 9.2 on the Internet.
A．power B．energy C．praise D．wealth
考点十一 value的用法
value n. 价值，重要性 v. 估价，珍视
相关词形变换：
valuable adj. 有价值的
valueless adj. 无价值的
短语搭配：
value someone's opinion 珍视某人的意见
eg：This painting has great artistic value. 这幅画具有很高的艺术价值。
I value your friendship very much. 我非常珍视我们的友谊。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·安徽合肥·二模）—Have you ever heard “Reading makes a full man.”
—Of course. It tells the ________ of reading.
A．ability B．difficulty C．courage D．value
2．（2023·辽宁丹东·中考真题）You should ________ the time with your parents because you will leave them when you grow up.
A．change B．stop C．avoid D．value
3．（2024·安徽合肥·一模）—Chinese traditional festivals are the treasures of our culture.
—That’s true. And we should ________ them.
A．cancel B．influence C．throw D．value
4．（2024·福建南平·一模）We should ________ the time we spend with our family and friends in our everyday lives.
A．waste B．reduce C．value
考点十二 smooth的用法
smooth adj. 平滑的，顺利的
相关词形变换：
smoothly adv. 平滑地，顺利地
短语搭配：
a smooth journey 顺利的旅程
eg：The road is very smooth. 这条路很平滑。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏南通·中考真题）—Life is like a road. It isn’t always ________.
—I can’t agree more. So we should learn to deal with all kinds of difficulties.
A．smooth B．silent C．serious D．special
考点十三 get used to 的用法
get used to 习惯于
短语搭配：
get used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
eg：It took me a while to get used to the cold weather. 我花了一段时间才习惯寒冷的天气。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·四川达州·中考真题）The teachers used to ________ key points on the blackboard, but now they are getting used to ________ them through PPTs.
A．write, showing B．writing, show C．write, show
考点十四 exchange的用法
exchange v. 交换，交流 n. 交换，交流
相关词形变换：
exchangeable adj. 可交换的
短语搭配：
exchange ideas 交流思想
exchange gifts 交换礼物
eg：We exchanged our phone numbers. 我们交换了电话号码。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·山东青岛·一模）—I have no time to see a film today, but I don’t have any way to ________ the ticket for a different date.
—You can sell it online.
A．accept B．exchange C．buy D．allow
考点十五 basic的用法
basic adj. 基本的，基础的 n. 基础，要素
相关词形变换
basically adv. 基本上
短语搭配：
basic needs 基本需求
basic skills 基本技能
eg：This is a basic rule of grammar. 这是语法的基本规则。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·安徽合肥·二模）—I need some information about the book, including who wrote it and when it came out.
—OK. I’ll send its ________ information to you right now.
A．opposite B．secret C．private D．basic
考点十六 gradually的用法
gradually adv. 逐渐地
相关词形变换：
gradual adj. 逐渐的
eg：The weather gradually became warmer. 天气逐渐变暖了。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·福建泉州·二模）At first Li Hua didn’t like English, but ________ he became interested in it with the help of his teachers and classmates.
A．gradually B．happily C．carefully
2．（2023·江西九江·二模）Factory workers have been replaced __________ by machines because of the development of AI (artificial intelligence).
A．simply B．gradually C．especially D．luckily
考点十七 greet的用法
greet v. 问候，迎接
相关词形变换：
greeting n. 问候，致意
短语搭配：
greet someone warmly热情地问候某人
eg：She greeted me with a smile. 她微笑着向我问候。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·福建厦门·一模）— Do you know how the Chinese ________ each other for the first time
— They usually shake hands with each other.
A．behave B．greet C．value
考点十八 empty的用法
empty adj. 空的
相关词形变换：
emptiness n. 空虚，空旷
eg：The bottle is empty. 瓶子是空的。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·安徽宿州·一模）Mum, my stomach is ________. Please give me something to eat.
A．empty B．hungry C．full D．thirty
考点十九 stick的用法
stick v. 粘住，坚持 n. 棍子，手杖
相关词形变换：
sticky adj. 粘的
短语搭配：
stick to 坚持做某事
stick to your plan 坚持你的计划
get stuck 被困住
eg：The glue sticks the paper together. 胶水把纸粘在了一起。
He always sticks to his principles. 他总是坚持自己的原则。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·安徽亳州·一模）Although condition was so difficult, Jean still ______ her dream.
A．looked up B．stuck to C．found out D．turned down
2．（2023·山东滨州·中考真题）—Do you know the astronaut Wang Yaping
—Sure. She is a great woman who can ________ her dreams. I really look up to her.
A．pay for B．stick to C．lay out D．set out
考点二十 shut off的用法
shut off 关掉，切断
短语搭配：
shut off the lights 关灯
shut off the gas 关煤气
eg：Remember to shut off the TV before you go to bed. 睡觉前记得关电视。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·福建南平·一模）— Please ________ the TV. The baby is sleeping over there.
— Sorry, I’ll do it at once.
A．look at B．shut off C．turn up
考点二十一 suggestion的用法
suggestion n. 词义：建议
相关词形变换：
suggest v. 建议
短语搭配：
make a suggestion 提出建议
follow someone's suggestion 采纳某人的建议
eg：I have a good suggestion for improving our work efficiency.我有一个提高工作效率的好建议。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·江苏徐州·一模）Mr. Ma is a wise man, and he usually gives us a few ________.
A．suggestions B．advice C．information D．knowledge
2．（2023·江苏无锡·中考真题）—Let’s go and get something to eat. What do you ________
—How about fish and chips
A．suggest B．imagine C．suppose D．insist
考点二十二 totally的用法
totally adv. 完全地，彻底地
相关词形变换：
total adj. 总的，全部的；n. 总数
短语搭配：
totally agree 完全同意
totally different完全不同
eg：I totally understand your point of view.我完全理解你的观点。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·安徽合肥·一模）—A boy from Hefei made a model plane ________ on his own in less than a month.
—Without any help He is so excellent.
A．nearly B．mostly C．partly D．totally
语法点
一、定语从句
1. 定语从句的概念
定语在句中的作用是修饰特定的名词或名词短语，充当定语的不是单词和短语，而是一个完整的句子，这个充当定语的句子就是定语从句。
e.g. The government which promises to cut taxes will be popular.承诺减税的政府将受到欢迎。
2. 定语从句的引导词使用。
定语从句的引导词主要分为关系代词和有关系副词，关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, that等，关系副词主要有when, where, why等。
定语从句引导词的选择：
(1)定语从句中缺主语，修饰人时用who／that，修饰物时用which ／that引导。e.g. Is this the factory which ／that makes TV sets？
The man who ／that visited our school is from Australia．
(2)从句中缺宾语，修饰人时用 who／whom／that或省略引导词；修饰物时用which／that或省略引导词。
e.g. Gone are the days which ／that we spent together in the village．
He is the man who ／whom ／that I think to be worthy of our praise．
(3)从句中缺时间状语，用when或介词＋which引导。
e.g. The day finally came when ／on which I was given a job．
We'll put off the outing until next week，when we won't be so busy．
(4)从句中缺地点状语，用where或介词＋which引导。
e.g. Please put the letter on the desk where／on which he can easily find it．
(5)从句中缺原因状语或先行词是 reason时，引导词用why／for which／ that。
e.g. This is the reason why／for which／that he didn't come to the meeting．
(6)从句中缺定语，人和物都用 whose引导。
e.g. A child whose parents are dead is called an orphan．
Please pass me the dictionary whose cover is black．
(7)当先行词是way时，其定语从句的引导词用in which／that。
e.g. The way in which ／that he looks at problems is wrong．
3. 关系代词只能用that的情况
在某些情况下，关系代词只能用that，不能用who和which，主要有下列这些：
(1) 当先行词为all, much, none, something, nothing, everything, the one, few, little, many, anything等不定代词时。
e.g. We should do all that is useful to the people.
(2)当先行词被only, any, few, little, no, all, many, much等不定代词修饰时
e.g. The only thing that we can do was to wait.
(3)当先行词被序数词、形容词最高级以及the only, the very, the next, the last等修饰时。
e.g. This is the first book that I bought in the shop.
(4)当先行词是形容词最高级时。
e.g. This is the best that can be done now.
(5)先行词既指人又指物时。
e.g. We talked of things and persons that we remembered.
(6)句子的前一部分已经出现了which,为避免重复，句子的后面部分通常不再用 which而用that来引导。
e.g. Which is the book that you bought yesterday
(7)当主句是以who , which 引起的特殊疑问句时，关系代词通常只用that。
e.g. Who is the man that you spoke to just now
(8)在there be句型中,只能用that。
e.g. There was still a lot of homework that we had to do in our spare time.
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·黑龙江牡丹江·中考真题）The “Kemusan” dance is an eye-catching dance performance ________ is quite popular these days.
A．who B．which C．whose
2．（2024·吉林长春·中考真题）As a science lover, I hope I can invent a bike ________ can fly in the sky.
A．where B．when C．which D．who
3．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A．when B．who C．that
4．（2023·湖南湘西·中考真题）Yu Gong Moves a Mountain is the best story ________ I have ever read.
A．who B．where C．that
二、be expected +to do结构
be expected to do 意为“被期望做……，预计做……”
e.g. They are expected to finish the work today. 预期他们今天会完成工作。
Teachers can only be expected to do what is reasonable and practicable. 教师只应该做合情合理而且切实可行的事。
Students will be expected to do all the assigned reading before class. 学生应于课前完成指定阅读
expect是及物动词，意为“预料，盼望”，它有以下常见用法：
(1) expect+ n. /pron. 预计……可能发生；期待某人或某物
e.g. The old man is expecting his daughter’s visit. 这个老人正盼望着他女儿的到访。
(2) expect to do sth. 料想做某事
e.g. In the United States, they’re expected to shake hands. 在美国，人们希望他们握手。
(3) expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事　
e.g. Do you expect him to teach you English 你希望他教你英语吗
(4) expect +从句　预计/料想……
e.g. I expect that he will call me soon.我期待他很快会给我打电话。
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2023·甘肃武威） You’re expected ______ (shake) hands when meeting people for the first time in China.
2．（2023·山东滨州·中考真题）—Can he get the first prize in the race
—He ________ so, but he has just hurt his leg. It’s impossible now.
A．will expect to do B．is expected doing
C．has expected doing D．was expected to do
三、 be supposed+ to do结构
be supposed to 意为“被期望或要求……”，其中 to 是动词不定式符号，其后要跟动词原形，be 有人称和时态的变化，其否定形式要在 be 后加 not。
（1）当 be supposed to 的主语是“人”时，意为“应该……”，它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等，相当于情态动词 should。
e.g. You are supposed to stop smoking. 你应该停止吸烟。
You are supposed to arrive at the meeting at 8: 00. =You should arrive at the meeting at 8: 00. 你应该八点到会。
（2）当 be supposed to 的主语是“物”时，表示“本应；本该”，用于表示“某事本应该发生而没有发生”
e.g. The new law is supposed to prevent crime. 新法令本该起到预防犯罪的作用。
（3）否定结构
be supposed to的否定式，要在be后加not，此时相当于be not allowed to do，意为“不被许可；不应”。
e.g. You are not supposed to eat with your hands. 你不应该用手吃饭。
（4）疑问结构。
be supposed to的疑问句式要将be的相应形式提到主语前。
e.g. When were you supposed to arrive at the party 你应该什么时候到达聚会？
◆ 精题巧练
1．（2024·四川成都·一模）People are ______ to wear masks in winter in order to keep healthy from heavy fogs.
A．supposed B．discovered C．allowed
2．（2024·四川成都·一模）—Li Hua, I’m going to your country China to study next term. In your opinion, what’s the most important table manners
—I think ________.
A．you should wear a T-shirt and jeans
B．you’re expected to be there on time. It’s very important
C．you’re not supposed to start eating first if there are older people at the table

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