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人教版高中英语必修第三册 Unit 2 Morals and Virtue
单词讲解与训练 教师版
【适用于全国使用人教版教材的高一英语教学】
快速讲解
moral /'m r l/ adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意
moral dilemma /standards 道德困境、道德标准
morality n. 道德；道德准则
virtue /'v t u:/ n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
virtual adj. 虚拟的
dilemma /d 'lem / n. 进退两难的境地；困境
moral dilemma 道德困境 //in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地
faint /fe nt/ vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
pass out 昏倒；昏过去
a faint smell of perfume 淡淡的香水味
a faint hope 希望渺茫
illustrate /' l stre t/ vt.（举例）说明；阐明；给（书或文章）加插图
illustration n. 说明；阐明
precious /'pre s/ adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的
形近词：previous adj. 之前的
近义词：dear, costly, valuable, expensive
entrust / n'tr st/ vt. 委托；交付
carry sb through sth帮助某人渡过难关
pull through 挺过去；渡过难关；康复
marriage /'m r d / n. 结婚；婚姻
be/get married to sb. 和某人结婚
be engaged to sb. 和某人订婚
majority /m 'd r ti/ n. 大部分；大多数
the majority of = most (of) 大多数的
major adj. 主要的 vi. 主修 n. 主修科目；专业
minor adj. 少数的 vi. 辅修 n. 辅修科目
minority n. 少数民族；少数；少数派
complain /k m'ple n/ vi. & vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
complain (to sb) about /of sth. 向某人抱怨...
complaint n. 抱怨 //a letter of complaint 投诉信
tuition /tju' n/ n.（小组）教学；讲课
fee /fi:/ n. 专业服务费；报酬
tuition fees 学费
fare n. 费用
bus fare 车费
respond /r s'p nd/ vt. 回答；回复 vi. 做出反应；回应
同义词：answer /reply, react
respond to 对做出回答
response /r s'p ns/ n. 反应；回答；回复
in response to sb./sth. 作为（对…… 的）回答 / 反应
Eg.In response to the audience’s great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.(应观众的强烈请求)
union /'ju:ni n/ n. 协会；联合会；工会；联合；联盟
unite vi. & vt. 联合；团结 //unity n. 团结
the Union Jack 英国国旗
the students’ union 学生会 //the trade/labor union 工会
scholarship /'sk l p/ n. 奖学金
win / receive / get / earn a scholarship
scholar n. 学者 //scholarly adj. 学术的；有学问的
hire /ha (r)/ vt. 聘任；雇用；租用 n. 租借；租用
同义词：employ (雇佣)；rent (租用)
反义词：fire, dismiss (开除；解雇)
physician /f 'z n/ n. 医师；（尤指）内科医生
physics 物理学
physicist 物理学家
resident physician 住院医师
surgeon 外科医生
dentist 牙医
colleague /'k li:g/ n. 同事；同僚
coworker /workmate 同事
college 专科学校
reject /r 'd ekt/ vt. 拒绝接受；不录用
rejection /r 'd ek n/ n. 拒绝接受；否决
turn down 拒绝
refuse v. 拒绝
deny n. 否认
decline v. 下降；减少；谢绝；婉言拒绝
appoint / 'p nt/ vt. 任命；委派
appointment n. 约会；任命
at the appointed time/place 在约定的时间、地点
make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会；预约
clinic /'kl n k/ n. 诊所；门诊部
faraway /'fɑ:r we / adj. 遥远的
同义词：distant,remote
elect / 'lekt/ vt. 选举；推选；选择
election / 'lek n/ n. 选举；推选；当选
a general election 大选
Eg.He has elected to become a doctor.
decade /'deke d/ n. 十年；十年期
in the past decades 在过去的几十年里（用现在完成时）
fortnight 两周
elsewhere / els'we / adv. 在别处；去别处
tend /tend/ vt.照顾；照料vi. 倾向；趋于
tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
tend (to) the sick 照料病人
tendency n. 倾向；趋势 //trend n. 趋势；倾向；走向
Eg. I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.
publish /'p bl / vt. 发表（作品）；出版
publisher 出版商 //publishing n. 出版（业）；发行（业）
publishing house 出版社
punish v. 惩罚 //punishment n. 惩罚
staff /stɑ:f/ n. 员工；全体职员 //stuff 塞满，馅；填充物
retire /r 'ta (r)/ vi. & vt. 退休；退职；退出
retirement n. 退休 //retire from... 退出；从…… 退休
saving /'se v / n. 节省物；节省；节约； [pl.] 储蓄金；存款
a savings account 储蓄账户
kindergarten /'k nd gɑ:tn/ n. 学前班；幼儿园
nursery school/day care center 幼儿园 //nursing home 养老院
principle /'pr ns pl/ n. 道德原则；法则；原则
Three Principles of the People “三民主义”
Archimedes’ principle 阿基米德定律
principal = headmaster 校长
passive /'p s v/ adj. 被动的；顺从的
passive voice 被动语态 //active adj. 主动的
scared /ske d/ adj. 害怕的；对 .... 感到惊慌或恐惧的
同义词：frightened; afraid
scare /ske (r)/ vt. 惊吓；使害怕 (frighten)vi. 受惊吓
scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的（horrible）
sharp / ɑ:p/ adj.(增长、下跌等) 急剧的；锋利的； 明显的
a sharp tongue 一张利嘴 //a sharp bend/turn 急转弯
a sharp pain 一阵剧痛 //2 o’clock sharp 两点整
sharpen vi. & vt. （使）锋利；尖锐；清晰
sharpener n. 磨具；削具
insurance / n' r ns/ n. 保险；保险业
energetic /en 'd et k/ adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的
energetically adv.
replace /r 'ple s/ vt. 接替；取代；更换；放回原处
replacement n. 替换；更换；替代品
take one’s place 就坐；取代
take the place of 取代
in place of 代替；取代
take place 发生
occur 发生 occurred, occurring
accident /' ks d nt/ n. 事故；车祸；失事
by accident/chance (反义词 on purpose)
incident n. 事件；事变 //event n. 重大事件
affair n. 公共事务；风流韵事
operation / p re n / n. 手术；企业；经营
perform an operation on... 进行手术
whisper /'w sp (r)/ vt.&vi. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传
whisper to sb.　　与某人耳语
in a whisper＝in whispers＝in a low voice 耳语地，低声地
It is/was whispered that... 有传言说……
midnight /'m dna t/ n. 子夜；午夜
at midnight/noon/dawn/dusk 在午夜 / 在中午 / 在黎明 / 在黄昏
import /' mp :rt/ n. 进口；进口商品 / m'p :rt/ vt. 进口；输入；引进
export /'eksp :rt/ n. 出 口；出 口商品 / k'sp :rt/ vt. 出口；输出；传播
pole /p l/ n.（行星的）极；地极；磁极
north pole 北极 //south pole 南极
polar adj. 极地的 //polar bear 北极熊
lap /l p/ n.（坐着时的）大腿部；（跑道等的）一圈
laptop n. 手提电脑
bite /ba t/ vt. & vi. （ bit /b t/, bitten /'b tn/）咬；叮；咬；（咬下的）一口；咬伤 //take a bite 咬一口
lip /l p/ n. 嘴唇 // lip stick 口红
assist / 's st/ vt. 帮助；援助
assistance n. 帮助；援助 (help;aid)
assistant n. 助手
come/go to one’s assistance/help/aid 来、去帮某人
with the assistance/help/aid of sb. 在某人的帮助下
first aid 急救 //do/give /offer first aid 进行急救
pass away 去世
pass down 使世代相传；流传
pass out 昏迷；失去知觉（faint）
chairman /'t e m n/ n. 主席；主持人；董事长
memory n. 记忆力；回忆
memorable adj. 值得纪念的；难忘的
memorize vt. 记忆；记住
in memory of 作为对…… 的纪念 = in honor of
chain /t e n/ n. 一连串（人或事）；链子；链条
a chain of events /thoughts 一连串的事件、想法
the food chain 食物链 //chain reaction 连锁反应
chain smoker 烟瘾很大的人 //chain store 连锁店
fast-food chain 快餐店
Eg.Volunteers formed a human chain to save things from the burning house. (排成一条长龙)
Eg.Bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.（vt. 用链子栓）
cafe /'k fe ; NAmE k 'fe / n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆
waitress /'we tr s/ n.（餐馆的）女服务员；女侍者
-ess 女的，雌性 //hostess n. 女主人；女主持人
goddess, actress, stewardess, princess
host, god, actor, steward, prince,
pregnant /'pregn nt/ adj. 怀孕的；妊娠的 //pregnancy n. 孕期
disguise /d s'ga z/ vt. 装扮；假扮；掩盖 n. 伪装；化装用具
in disguise 伪装（的）；假扮（的）
maple /'me pl/ n. 枫树；械树
cart /kɑ:t/ n. 手推车；运货马车 //carriage n. 四轮马车；火车车厢
spill /sp l/ vt. & vi. (spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled) (使) 洒出；(使) 溢出
It’s no use crying over spilled milk. 覆水难收。
trip over被…… 绊倒 //trip vi. 绊；绊倒（熟词生义）
Eg.Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.
limp /l mp/ vi. 跛行；一痛一拐地走
tear /t (r)/ n. 眼泪；泪水
burst into tears 大哭起来 = burst out crying //in tears 泪流满面
tear- tore -torn 撕碎
tear down //pull down 拆除；拆毁
tear one’s heart 使某人心碎 //torn out 穿旧的，筋疲力尽的
harm /hɑ:m/ n. & vt. 伤害；损害
do harm to sb 对... 有害
be harmful to 对... 有害
despair /d 'spe (r)/ n. 绝望 vi. 绝望；感到无望
in despair 处于绝望中
might /ma t/ n. 力量；威力
a great deal (of) 大量 + 不可数名词
a large amount of //amounts of + 不可数名词
fable /'fe bl/ n. 寓言；寓言故事
court /k :t/ n. (网球等的) 球场；法院；法庭
courtyard 后院；庭院
schoolyard 校园
flexible /'fleks bl/ adj. 灵活的；可变通的
flexibility n. 灵活性；柔韧性
flexibly adv. 灵活地
income / nk m/ n. 收入；收益
Outcome n. 结果；效果
overcome v. 克服
per /p (r); p (r):/ prep. 每；每一
therefore /' e f :(r)/ adv. 因此；所以
thus adv. 因此
tension /'ten n/ n. 紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
重点单词分类默写
Task 1 阅读词汇(英译中)
1. dilemma ____________________
2. moral dilemma ____________________
3. faint ____________________
4. illustrate ____________________
5. entrust ____________________
6. tuition ____________________
7. tuition fees ____________________
8. respond ____________________
9. response ____________________
10. physician ____________________
11. resident physician ____________________
12. colleague ____________________
13. scholarship ____________________
14. reject ____________________
15. rejection ____________________
16. appoint ____________________
17. clinic ____________________
18. decade ____________________
19. tend ____________________
20. kindergarten ____________________21. principle ____________________
22. passive ____________________
23. insurance ____________________
24. export ____________________
25. lap ____________________
26. import ____________________
27. pregnant ____________________
28. disguise ____________________
29. cart ____________________
spill ____________________
31. trip over ____________________
32. fable ____________________
33. flexible ____________________34. tension ____________________35. Peking Union Medical College ____________________
36. the Wenhai Scholarship ____________________
37. the OB-GYN department（全称Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology） ____________________
38. the People’s Republic of China ____________________
39. the National People’s Congress ____________________
40. the North Pole / the South Pole ____________________
41. Henry Norman Bethune ____________________
Task 2 写作词汇（中译英）
道德的，道义上的 _____________
高尚的道德 _____________
珍稀的；宝贵的 _____________
帮助某人渡过难关 _____________
结婚；婚姻 _____________
大部分；大多数 _____________
抱怨；发牢骚 _____________
专业服务费；报酬 _____________
协会；联合会；工会 _____________
聘任；雇佣；租用；租借 _____________
遥远的 _____________
选举；推举 _____________
选举；推举；当选 _____________
在别处；去别处 _____________
易于做某事 _____________
出版；发表作品 _____________
退休；退职；退出 _____________节省物；节省；节约 _____________
害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 _____________
惊吓；使害怕 _____________
21.（增长；下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；明显的 _____________22. 精力充沛的；充满活力的 _____________
23. 接替；取代；更换 _____________
24. 事故；车祸；失事 _____________
25. 手术；企业；经营 _____________
26. 悄声说；耳语；低语 _____________
27. 子夜；午夜 _____________
28. 咬；叮；蜇 _____________
29. 帮助；援助 _____________
30. (行星的)极；地级 _____________
31. 急救 _____________
32. 去世 _____________
33. 主席；主持人；董事长 _____________
记忆力；回忆 _____________
35. 作为对……的纪念 _____________
36.（一连串）人或事；链子；链条 _____________
37. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 _____________
38.（餐馆的）女 服务员；女侍者 _____________
枫树；槭树 _____________
眼泪；泪水 _____________
流着泪；含着泪 _____________
伤害；损害 _____________
大量 _____________
（网球等的）球场；法院；法庭 _____________
收入；受益 _____________
因此；所以 _____________
Task 3 词性转换及词汇相关常用词块。
1. illustrate--(n.) _____________--说明；插图；例证；图解-- _____________(n.)插图画家；说明者；图解者
2. respond--(n.) _____________
3. reject--(n.) _____________
4. appoint--(n.) _____________
5. flexible--(n.) _____________
6. marry--(n.) _____________
7. complain--(n.) _____________
8. retire--常用此块： _____________ --- (n.) _____________
9. scare--(adj.) _____________害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的-- _____________(adj.) 令人害怕的；令人恐惧的
10. harm--(adj.) _____________
11. energy---(adj.) _____________
12. operate--(n.) _____________操作；手术--(n.) _____________操作员；运营商；接线员
13. assist--(n.) _____________ 助手；助力；助教--(n.) _____________ 帮助；辅助；援助
14. elect-- (n.) _____________
15. waiter--(异性词.) _____________
Step 2 词汇运用检测。
Section 1
Task 1 Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in this unit according to the Chinese meaning.
She regards his _______________ faults with charity. 她宽恕他的品行不端。
We differ about _______________ standards. 我们对道德标准看法不一致。
The _______________ of this story is ‘Better late than never'. 这个故事的寓意是｀迟做总比不做好＇.
People can draw a _______________ from tales. 人们可以从寓言里吸取经验教训。
Fidelity to engagement is a _______________. 信守诺言是一种美德。
My neighbor is a man of highest _______________. 我的邻居是一个具有高尚品德的人。
In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a _______________.
在都市的发展中, 我们往往会陷入困境。
The bad weather put us in a _______________——shall we move on or go back
糟糕的天气使我们进退两难——是继续前进呢,还是打道回府？
A _______________ hope still flickered in her breast. 一种微弱的希望仍在她的心中闪动着。
He could discern a _______________ light ahead in the forest.
他能看到前面森林里有一线微弱的灯光。
You'd better attend to that girl. I think she's going to _______________.
你最好去照顾那女孩，我看她快昏倒了。
The princess went very pale and looked as though she was about to _______________.
公主一下子脸色变得非常苍白，看起来仿佛就要昏倒似的。
He pointed at the diagram to _______________ his point. 他指着图表来说明他的论点。
In this section, I'll _______________ some of these differences.
在这一节,我将举例说明一些不同之处。
You should make good use of every _______________ minute to study.
你应很好利用宝贵的每一分钟去学习。
Pandas are _______________ creatures. 熊猫是珍贵的动物。
I hope we can _______________ each other. 我希望我们能彼此相互信任。
I know I can _______________ you with my secret. 我知道我能把我的秘密告诉你。
The news of their _______________ knocked me for a loop.
他们结婚的消息使我大吃一惊。
It was a pleasant surprise to learn of her _______________.
得知她结婚是件令人惊喜的事。
Task 2 单句语法填空。
The majority of people seem to prefer TV _______________ radio.
_______________ (race) is abhorrent to the majority of people.
3. The _______________ (tour) complained that the room was too dirty.
4. She complained to me about his _______________(rude).
5. Mary has derived a lot of benefit _______________ her tuition(教学).
6. She received private tuition in French. That is _______________ she has made such a rapid progress.
7. We are not able _______________(offer) personalised tuition (一对一的讲授).
8. She charged only a nominal fee _______________ her work.
9. The doctor's fee was _______________ (high) than we expected.
10. I invited her to dinner _______________ she did not respond.
11. The screen is sensitive and can respond _______________ slight touch.
12. The tax cuts produced a _______________ (favour) response from the public.
13. I'm sorry; the correct _______________ (respond) is B.
14. He _______________(elect) the leader of the union 2 months ago.
15. The scholarship includes _______________ allowance of 80 dollars for books.
Step 2 语篇提升训练
Task 1语法填空
One of the greatest challenges in life 1.________ (be) adapting to blindness. Usually, we think only dogs are 2.________ (suit) guides for blind people but in the USA, mini horses are also popular.
In many 3.________ (way), horses are better for some blind people, for example, those 4.________ are allergic to dog hair. Guide horses are now proving 5.________ (benefit) to people all over the USA. 6.________， if you were hoping to have conducted the training of your mini horse yourself you will be disappointed. Guide horses need access 7.________ specialists. Whatever ambitions you have, leave the training to the experts. Few people 8.________ adequate knowledge or the correct facilities (设施) to train guide horses.
We must congratulate guide horses because 9.________ in all they seem 10.________ (solve) the problem of helping blind people that are allergic to dogs.
Section 2
Step 1 词汇运用检测。
Task 1 Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in this unit according to the Chinese meaning.
I'm stuffed, and I can't eat another _______________.
我很饱了, 一口也吃不下了。(bite)
He kissed her on the _______________. 他吻了她的嘴唇。
I saw the angels standing near us, waiting to _______________ us, rejoicing in our accomplishments and joys.
我看见天使站在我们旁边,等着帮助我们, 为我们的成就及喜悦而欢呼。
Could you give me some _______________ 你可以替我急救吗？
We were shocked to learn of his _______________. 我们惊悉他不幸逝世。
The _______________ exhorted the party workers to take action. 主席敦促党的工作人员采取行动。
In the absence of the _______________ of the council, the vice chairman does duty for him.
委员会会长缺任时，便由副会长代理职务。
She is always moaning about her bad _______________. 她总是抱怨自己的记性不好。
There is a tablet _______________ those who died. 那儿有一块碑纪念死去的人。
She wore a silver _______________ around her neck. 她脖子上戴着一条银项链。
He detached a link from a _______________. 他从链子上拆下一个链环。
This _______________ keeps late into the night. 这家咖啡馆一直开到深夜。
The uproar in the _______________ lasted long after midnight. 咖啡馆的喧闹一直持续到午夜之后很久。
The _______________ received a handsome tip. 女侍者收到了数量可观的小费。
A _______________ came in, carrying tea on a tray. 一名女侍者走进来，手端放着茶的托盘。
This tube is _______________ but tough. 这管子柔软但很坚固。
His _______________ is well below the average. 他的收入大大低于平均水平。
The lost child's face ran with _______________. 这个走丢了的孩子脸上流着泪。
He was the only candidate; _______________, he was elected.
他是唯一的候选人，因此，他当选了。
The _______________ is building up. 形势逐步紧张起来。
He flew to Europe via the _______________. 他经由北极飞到欧洲。
Penguins live in cold places near the _______________.
企鹅是生长在靠近南极的寒冷的地方。
Task 2 单句语法填空。
She got pregnant and was turned out _______________ the house by her parents.
She could not disguise her _______________ (amuse) at his mistake.
It proved difficult to disguise his _______________(anxious).
The supposed beggar was really a police officer _______________ disguise.
Not many people managed _______________ (penetrate) my disguise.
6. The garden is flanked to the north _______________ large maple trees.
7. The cart _______________ (pile) high with fruit and vegetables.
8. They were shoveling coal into a cart, _______________ is almost full now.
9. The coffee is so full _______________ it might spill over.
10. Put the cap back on the bottle, _______________ the juice will spill.
11. If you leave your shoes _______________ (lie) around like that, you'll trip over them.
12. _______________ (slow) they began to limp back towards the farm.
13. My wife burst into tears when she _______________ (hear) the bad news.
14. She shed crocodile tear over his _______________(die).
15. It wouldn't do him any harm to work a bit _______________(hard).
16. We do not have enough money. _______________, we can not afford to buy the new car.
17. Antarctica is the _______________ (lonely) place on earth.
Task 3选词填空完成句子
income despair pregnant fables conveniences in tears
flexible might harm court
How long has she been _______________
She left the room _______________ so I went after her.
3. My monthly _______________ was just over 200 pounds.
4. If we interfere, it may do more _______________ than good.
5. A person is most disappointed when he is in _______________.
6. To be frank, this mission is beyond my _______________.
7. The Internet brings mankind a lot of _______________.
8. _______________ often have animals as the main characters.
9. The two players entered the _______________ hand in hand.
10. We need a foreign policy that is more _______________.
Task 4 Translation. The words and expressions in the bracket may help you.
这街上发生了交通事故，但没有人受伤。(harm)
_________________________________________________________________________
2. 我们绝不相信他会伤害我们。(harm)
_________________________________________________________________________
3. 他已陷入绝望的深渊。(despair; abyss)
_________________________________________________________________________
4. 身为人类, 我们不能对人性失望。(despair; humanity)
_________________________________________________________________________
5. 他们不抱比赛得胜的希望。(despaired of ...)
_________________________________________________________________________
6. 他很快就失望地放弃尝试。(attempt; in despair)
_________________________________________________________________________
7. 我们惧怕敌人强大的军事力量。(military might)
_________________________________________________________________________
8. 有许多的公共汽车路线遍布于这一地区。(a great deal of)
_________________________________________________________________________
9. 接下来这一段是出自一篇有名的寓言。(quote; fable)
_________________________________________________________________________
10. 他把球打到球场后面去了。(drop; court)
_________________________________________________________________________
Step 2 语篇提升训练。
Task 1 语法填空。阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism is a new term in today's tourism industry. It is 1._______________ (typical) considered as an ecologically sustainable tourism with a primary focus on visiting fragile and relatively 2._______________(disturb) natural areas, especially the ones where special and unusual plants, animals and cultural heritages are the main attractions. 3._______________ takes ecology and culture into consideration. Therefore, programs 4._______________(concern) the protection of some natural and cultural spots also form a part of ecotourism.
Ecotourism is developing at an 5._______________(increase) speed. According to a recent report by the World Tourism Organization, ecotourism in recent years has enjoyed 6._______________ annual growth of about 5% worldwide. So far, more than 80 activities
7._______________(list) for ecotourism and they include bird watching, hiking, diving, photography and taking part in 8._______________(vary) of local cultural events.
Big cities are still the major places 9._______________ attract tourists in our society today.However, it seems some smaller towns and country areas may well become the new destinations for people 10._______________(visit) tomorrow because they are rich in ecological, cultural and historical resources.
Section 3
Step 1 词汇运用检测。
Task 1 Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in this unit according to the Chinese meaning.
He won a _______________ to Cambridge. 他获得一份到剑桥大学读书的奖学金。
We don't want to _______________ inexperienced worker. 我们不想聘用没有经验的工人。
We _______________ an advertising company for help to sell our product.
我们雇用了一家广告公司来推销我们的产品。
He paid the carriage _______________ to the driver. 他把马车租金给了马车夫。
The price includes the _______________ of the hall. 费用包括礼堂租金。
He was attended by his personal _______________. 他的私人医生护理他。
He prefers to be a surgeon rather than a _______________. 他喜欢当外科医生而不愿作内科医生。
Please allow me to introduce my _______________ Professor Zhang to you.
请允许我把我的同事张教授介绍给你。
He _______________their offer of a job. 他拒绝了他们给他的工作。
After the transplant his body _______________ the new heart.
他的身体对新移植的心脏产生了排斥作用。
Her _______________ dashed him. 她的拒绝使他难堪。
Her _______________ of him seems to have made him go back into his shell.
他遭她拒绝后就更不爱吭声了。
The company decided to _______________ a new treasurer. 公司决定任命一位新司库/财务主管。
They _______________ him chairman. 他们任命他为主席。
His _______________ is near the newly-built railway station. 他的诊所在新建的火车站附近。
Task 2 选词填空完成句子，一个单词只能用一次。
election tend to elsewhere staff clinic published retired
elected faraway decade
He is being treated at a private _______________.
2. The painter lived a life of ease on a _______________ island.
3. They _______________ him chairman.
4. I may vote for her at the next _______________.
5. Prices have risen steadily during the past _______________.
6. You can't find anything like this _______________.
7. During the interview, some interviewees _______________ exaggerate.
8. He _______________ this book with his pen-name .
9. I find the hotel _______________ particularly courteous.
10. My father _______________ at the age of 60.
Task 3 单句语法填空。
My parents lived in _______________small faraway village in the north.
2. They organized a poll _______________ a president.
3. Our party was routed at the _______________(elect).
4. Several decades have elapsed since I graduated _______________ the college.
5. They told me that I shall go elsewhere _______________ (look) for help.
6. Weeds tend to displace _______________ plants.
7. Mother _______________ (be) ill, he had to tend her at home.
8. You'd better tend to _______________ (you) own affairs.
9. Her book _______________ (publish) last year.
10. The old worker decided _______________ (retire) to the country.
11. A saving of 30% is _______________ (obtain) under this scheme.
12. We must work out a better method of _______________ (save) paper.
13. I would like to open a saving account so that money could _______________ (accumulate) for the future use. You know, just in case.
14. Nowadays, _______________ is very easy for people to handle urban and rural individual saving deposits.
15. It is _______________ (noise) in the kindergarten.
Step 2 语篇提升训练
Task 1 语法填空
I wonder 1._______________ it is because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I 2._______________(grow) so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time 3._______________ a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That 4._______________(change) since I was there. For example，one evening when it was so warm，I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have 5._______________ good look at the moon by 6._______________(I). But as the moon 7._______________(give) far too much light，I didn't dare open a window.Another time five months ago，I happened to be upstairs until the window had to 8._______________ (shut). The dark，rainy evening，the wind，the thundering clouds held me 9._______________(entire) in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I 10._______________(see)the night face to face.
Section 4
Step 1 词汇运用检测。
Task 1 Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in this unit according to the Chinese meaning.
These children hit it off well in the _______________. 这些小孩在幼儿园里相处得很好。
A bicycle and a motorcycle are built on the same _______________.
自行车和摩托车是根据同样的原理制造的。
Archimedes, a great physicist, discovered the _______________ of floating bodies .
阿基米德，一位伟大的物理学家，发现了浮体原理。
He played a _______________ role in the marriage.
他在婚姻中扮演了一个被动的角色。
You are _______________ when you allow things to happen, but do nothing.
当你让这些事发生,而不做任何事来阻止它,你是消极的。
The child was_______________of the fierce looking dog.
这孩子害怕那条外表凶恶的狗。
I am _______________ stiff of meeting the director.
我很害怕去见这位所长。
You _______________ them to death with your mouth. 你一开口就能把人吓死。
We'll _______________ her out of telling the police. 我们要把她吓得不敢报警。
Cats have _______________ claws. 猫有锋利的爪子。
There is a _______________ drop in the prices. 价格出现暴跌。
I am an _______________ broker. 我是一名保险经纪人。
He works in an _______________ company. 他在一家保险公司上班。
His son is an _______________ child. 他的儿子是个精力旺盛的孩子。
He seems an _______________ person. 他似乎是一个精力充沛的人。
Task 2 单句语法填空。
We've replaced the old adding machine _______________ a computer.
2. His left knee _______________ (hurt) in a traffic accident at that time.
3. _______________(happy), the accident was prevented.
4. He calls himself the managing director but his company is just a Mickey Mouse operation _______________ _______________ he runs from his own house.
5. Today, in order to meet the market _______________(compete), modes of business operation have undergone rapid change.
6. The gown a surgeon wears during _______________ operation is usually green.
7. The surgeon _______________ (perform) the operation since the first week the patient was admitted to the hospital.
8. She said it in a whisper, _______________ I didn't hear.
9. You'll have to whisper _______________ he'll hear you.
10. Fatso leaned over _______________ (whisper) in her ear.
11. They love to whisper _______________(intimate).
12. The mail _______________ (sort) and pouched by midnight.
13. We _______________ (final) got some shut-eye after midnight.
14. So far, the government _______________ (impose) strict controls over the import of luxury goods.
15. I recommend that you _______________ (grasp) the import of your mother's remarks.
Task 3 选词填空完成句子。
lap replace import bit memory passed away
South Pole assisted whispering first aid
It is profitable to _______________ food.
The children were _______________ in the corner.
When Scott reached the _______________ he found Amundsen had anticipated him.
The child sat on its mother's _______________.
Their dog _______________ a hole in my trousers.
Nothing can _______________ a mother's love.
A team of nurses _______________ the doctor in performing the operation.
In our _______________ class,we practised on one another.
I am sorry to hear that he _______________ last month.
10. His best music was inspired by the _______________ of his mother.
Task 4 Translation. The words and expressions in the bracket may help you.
禁止煤炭输出。(prohibition; export)
_________________________________________________________________________
血液还能从身体组织里输出废物。(tissue; export)
_________________________________________________________________________
3. 非洲向欧洲出口牛肉。( export)
_________________________________________________________________________
4. 他经由北极飞到欧洲。(via; North Pole)
_________________________________________________________________________
5. 好长一段时间他事事称心如意。(fall into one’s lap)
_________________________________________________________________________
6. 领先的那辆赛车在第十圈的中途撞毁了。(crash; lap)
_________________________________________________________________________
7. 他们被蚊子叮得很厉害。(bite; mosquito)
_________________________________________________________________________
8. 这里没有消息，没有低语，没有呼唤。(whisper)
_________________________________________________________________________
9. 他因遭蛇咬而被送到医院治疗。(snake bite)
_________________________________________________________________________
10. 她咬着嘴唇克制着自己不要哭。(bite; lip; keep from doing...)
_________________________________________________________________________人教版高中英语必修第三册 Unit 2 Morals and Virtue
单词讲解与训练 教师版
【适用于全国使用人教版教材的高一英语教学】
快速讲解
moral /'m r l/ adj. 道德的；道义上的 n. 品行；道德；寓意
moral dilemma /standards 道德困境、道德标准
morality n. 道德；道德准则
virtue /'v t u:/ n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质
virtual adj. 虚拟的
dilemma /d 'lem / n. 进退两难的境地；困境
moral dilemma 道德困境 //in a dilemma 处于进退两难的境地
faint /fe nt/ vi. 昏倒；晕厥 adj. 不清楚的；微弱的
pass out 昏倒；昏过去
a faint smell of perfume 淡淡的香水味
a faint hope 希望渺茫
illustrate /' l stre t/ vt.（举例）说明；阐明；给（书或文章）加插图
illustration n. 说明；阐明
precious /'pre s/ adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的
形近词：previous adj. 之前的
近义词：dear, costly, valuable, expensive
entrust / n'tr st/ vt. 委托；交付
carry sb through sth帮助某人渡过难关
pull through 挺过去；渡过难关；康复
marriage /'m r d / n. 结婚；婚姻
be/get married to sb. 和某人结婚
be engaged to sb. 和某人订婚
majority /m 'd r ti/ n. 大部分；大多数
the majority of = most (of) 大多数的
major adj. 主要的 vi. 主修 n. 主修科目；专业
minor adj. 少数的 vi. 辅修 n. 辅修科目
minority n. 少数民族；少数；少数派
complain /k m'ple n/ vi. & vt. 抱怨；发牢骚
complain (to sb) about /of sth. 向某人抱怨...
complaint n. 抱怨 //a letter of complaint 投诉信
tuition /tju' n/ n.（小组）教学；讲课
fee /fi:/ n. 专业服务费；报酬
tuition fees 学费
fare n. 费用
bus fare 车费
respond /r s'p nd/ vt. 回答；回复 vi. 做出反应；回应
同义词：answer /reply, react
respond to 对做出回答
response /r s'p ns/ n. 反应；回答；回复
in response to sb./sth. 作为（对…… 的）回答 / 反应
Eg.In response to the audience’s great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.(应观众的强烈请求)
union /'ju:ni n/ n. 协会；联合会；工会；联合；联盟
unite vi. & vt. 联合；团结 //unity n. 团结
the Union Jack 英国国旗
the students’ union 学生会 //the trade/labor union 工会
scholarship /'sk l p/ n. 奖学金
win / receive / get / earn a scholarship
scholar n. 学者 //scholarly adj. 学术的；有学问的
hire /ha (r)/ vt. 聘任；雇用；租用 n. 租借；租用
同义词：employ (雇佣)；rent (租用)
反义词：fire, dismiss (开除；解雇)
physician /f 'z n/ n. 医师；（尤指）内科医生
physics 物理学
physicist 物理学家
resident physician 住院医师
surgeon 外科医生
dentist 牙医
colleague /'k li:g/ n. 同事；同僚
coworker /workmate 同事
college 专科学校
reject /r 'd ekt/ vt. 拒绝接受；不录用
rejection /r 'd ek n/ n. 拒绝接受；否决
turn down 拒绝
refuse v. 拒绝
deny n. 否认
decline v. 下降；减少；谢绝；婉言拒绝
appoint / 'p nt/ vt. 任命；委派
appointment n. 约会；任命
at the appointed time/place 在约定的时间、地点
make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会；预约
clinic /'kl n k/ n. 诊所；门诊部
faraway /'fɑ:r we / adj. 遥远的
同义词：distant,remote
elect / 'lekt/ vt. 选举；推选；选择
election / 'lek n/ n. 选举；推选；当选
a general election 大选
Eg.He has elected to become a doctor.
decade /'deke d/ n. 十年；十年期
in the past decades 在过去的几十年里（用现在完成时）
fortnight 两周
elsewhere / els'we / adv. 在别处；去别处
tend /tend/ vt.照顾；照料vi. 倾向；趋于
tend to do sth 易于做某事；往往会发生某事
tend (to) the sick 照料病人
tendency n. 倾向；趋势 //trend n. 趋势；倾向；走向
Eg. I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.
publish /'p bl / vt. 发表（作品）；出版
publisher 出版商 //publishing n. 出版（业）；发行（业）
publishing house 出版社
punish v. 惩罚 //punishment n. 惩罚
staff /stɑ:f/ n. 员工；全体职员 //stuff 塞满，馅；填充物
retire /r 'ta (r)/ vi. & vt. 退休；退职；退出
retirement n. 退休 //retire from... 退出；从…… 退休
saving /'se v / n. 节省物；节省；节约； [pl.] 储蓄金；存款
a savings account 储蓄账户
kindergarten /'k nd gɑ:tn/ n. 学前班；幼儿园
nursery school/day care center 幼儿园 //nursing home 养老院
principle /'pr ns pl/ n. 道德原则；法则；原则
Three Principles of the People “三民主义”
Archimedes’ principle 阿基米德定律
principal = headmaster 校长
passive /'p s v/ adj. 被动的；顺从的
passive voice 被动语态 //active adj. 主动的
scared /ske d/ adj. 害怕的；对 .... 感到惊慌或恐惧的
同义词：frightened; afraid
scare /ske (r)/ vt. 惊吓；使害怕 (frighten)vi. 受惊吓
scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的（horrible）
sharp / ɑ:p/ adj.(增长、下跌等) 急剧的；锋利的； 明显的
a sharp tongue 一张利嘴 //a sharp bend/turn 急转弯
a sharp pain 一阵剧痛 //2 o’clock sharp 两点整
sharpen vi. & vt. （使）锋利；尖锐；清晰
sharpener n. 磨具；削具
insurance / n' r ns/ n. 保险；保险业
energetic /en 'd et k/ adj. 精力充沛的；充满活力的
energetically adv.
replace /r 'ple s/ vt. 接替；取代；更换；放回原处
replacement n. 替换；更换；替代品
take one’s place 就坐；取代
take the place of 取代
in place of 代替；取代
take place 发生
occur 发生 occurred, occurring
accident /' ks d nt/ n. 事故；车祸；失事
by accident/chance (反义词 on purpose)
incident n. 事件；事变 //event n. 重大事件
affair n. 公共事务；风流韵事
operation / p re n / n. 手术；企业；经营
perform an operation on... 进行手术
whisper /'w sp (r)/ vt.&vi. 悄声说；耳语；低语 n. 耳语（声）；低语（声）；传言；谣传
whisper to sb.　　与某人耳语
in a whisper＝in whispers＝in a low voice 耳语地，低声地
It is/was whispered that... 有传言说……
midnight /'m dna t/ n. 子夜；午夜
at midnight/noon/dawn/dusk 在午夜 / 在中午 / 在黎明 / 在黄昏
import /' mp :rt/ n. 进口；进口商品 / m'p :rt/ vt. 进口；输入；引进
export /'eksp :rt/ n. 出 口；出 口商品 / k'sp :rt/ vt. 出口；输出；传播
pole /p l/ n.（行星的）极；地极；磁极
north pole 北极 //south pole 南极
polar adj. 极地的 //polar bear 北极熊
lap /l p/ n.（坐着时的）大腿部；（跑道等的）一圈
laptop n. 手提电脑
bite /ba t/ vt. & vi. （ bit /b t/, bitten /'b tn/）咬；叮；咬；（咬下的）一口；咬伤 //take a bite 咬一口
lip /l p/ n. 嘴唇 // lip stick 口红
assist / 's st/ vt. 帮助；援助
assistance n. 帮助；援助 (help;aid)
assistant n. 助手
come/go to one’s assistance/help/aid 来、去帮某人
with the assistance/help/aid of sb. 在某人的帮助下
first aid 急救 //do/give /offer first aid 进行急救
pass away 去世
pass down 使世代相传；流传
pass out 昏迷；失去知觉（faint）
chairman /'t e m n/ n. 主席；主持人；董事长
memory n. 记忆力；回忆
memorable adj. 值得纪念的；难忘的
memorize vt. 记忆；记住
in memory of 作为对…… 的纪念 = in honor of
chain /t e n/ n. 一连串（人或事）；链子；链条
a chain of events /thoughts 一连串的事件、想法
the food chain 食物链 //chain reaction 连锁反应
chain smoker 烟瘾很大的人 //chain store 连锁店
fast-food chain 快餐店
Eg.Volunteers formed a human chain to save things from the burning house. (排成一条长龙)
Eg.Bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog.（vt. 用链子栓）
cafe /'k fe ; NAmE k 'fe / n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆
waitress /'we tr s/ n.（餐馆的）女服务员；女侍者
-ess 女的，雌性 //hostess n. 女主人；女主持人
goddess, actress, stewardess, princess
host, god, actor, steward, prince,
pregnant /'pregn nt/ adj. 怀孕的；妊娠的 //pregnancy n. 孕期
disguise /d s'ga z/ vt. 装扮；假扮；掩盖 n. 伪装；化装用具
in disguise 伪装（的）；假扮（的）
maple /'me pl/ n. 枫树；械树
cart /kɑ:t/ n. 手推车；运货马车 //carriage n. 四轮马车；火车车厢
spill /sp l/ vt. & vi. (spilt/spilled, spilt/spilled) (使) 洒出；(使) 溢出
It’s no use crying over spilled milk. 覆水难收。
trip over被…… 绊倒 //trip vi. 绊；绊倒（熟词生义）
Eg.Chris trips on the “-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers.(2019 全国一卷)
limp /l mp/ vi. 跛行；一痛一拐地走
tear /t (r)/ n. 眼泪；泪水
burst into tears 大哭起来 = burst out crying //in tears 泪流满面
tear- tore -torn 撕碎
tear down //pull down 拆除；拆毁
tear one’s heart 使某人心碎 //torn out 穿旧的，筋疲力尽的
harm /hɑ:m/ n. & vt. 伤害；损害
do harm to sb 对... 有害
be harmful to 对... 有害
despair /d 'spe (r)/ n. 绝望 vi. 绝望；感到无望
in despair 处于绝望中
might /ma t/ n. 力量；威力
a great deal (of) 大量 + 不可数名词
a large amount of //amounts of + 不可数名词
fable /'fe bl/ n. 寓言；寓言故事
court /k :t/ n. (网球等的) 球场；法院；法庭
courtyard 后院；庭院
schoolyard 校园
flexible /'fleks bl/ adj. 灵活的；可变通的
flexibility n. 灵活性；柔韧性
flexibly adv. 灵活地
income / nk m/ n. 收入；收益
Outcome n. 结果；效果
overcome v. 克服
per /p (r); p (r):/ prep. 每；每一
therefore /' e f :(r)/ adv. 因此；所以
thus adv. 因此
tension /'ten n/ n. 紧张关系；紧张；焦虑
重点单词分类默写
Task 1 阅读词汇(英译中)
1. dilemma进退两难的境地
2. moral dilemma道德困境
3. faint 昏倒；晕厥
4. illustrate（举例）说明；阐明
5. entrust委托；交付
6. tuition（小组）教学；讲课
7. tuition fees学费
8. respond回答；答复
9. response反映；回答；答复
10. physician医师；（尤指）内科医生
11. resident physician住院医师
12. colleague同事；同僚
13. scholarship奖学金
14. reject拒绝接受；不录用
15. rejection拒绝接受；否决
16. appoint任命；委派
17. clinic诊所；门诊部
18. decade十年；十年期
19. tend照顾；照料
20. kindergarten学前班；幼儿园
21. principle道德原则；法则
22. passive被动的；顺从的
23. insurance保险；保险业
24. export出口；出口商品
25. lap（坐着时的）大腿部；（跑道等的）一圈
26. import进口；进口商品
27. pregnant怀孕的；妊娠的
28. disguise装扮；假扮；掩盖；伪装；化装用具
29. cart手推车；货运马车
spill（使）洒出；（使）溢出
31. trip over被……绊倒
32. fable寓言；寓言故事
33. flexible灵活的；可变通的
34. tension紧张关系
35. Peking Union Medical College北京协和医院
36. the Wenhai Scholarship “文海”奖学金
37. the OB-GYN department（全称Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology）妇产科
38. the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国
39. the National People’s Congress 全国人民代表大会
40. the North Pole / the South Pole 北极/南极
41. Henry Norman Bethune亨利.诺曼.白球恩
Task 2 写作词汇（中译英）
道德的，道义上的moral
高尚的道德virtue
珍稀的；宝贵的precious
帮助某人渡过难关carry sb through sth
结婚；婚姻marriage
大部分；大多数majority
抱怨；发牢骚complain
专业服务费；报酬fee
协会；联合会；工会union
聘任；雇佣；租用；租借hire
遥远的faraway
选举；推举elect
选举；推举；当选election
在别处；去别处elsewhere
易于做某事tend to do sth
出版；发表作品publish
退休；退职；退出retire
节省物；节省；节约saving
害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的scared
惊吓；使害怕scare
21.（增长；下跌等）急剧的；锋利的；明显的 sharp
22. 精力充沛的；充满活力的energetic
23. 接替；取代；更换replace
24. 事故；车祸；失事accident
25. 手术；企业；经营operation
26. 悄声说；耳语；低语whisper
27. 子夜；午夜midnight
28. 咬；叮；蜇bite
29. 帮助；援助assist
30. (行星的)极；地级pole
31. 急救first aid
32. 去世pass away
33. 主席；主持人；董事长chairman
记忆力；回忆memory
35. 作为对……的纪念in memory of
36.（一连串）人或事；链子；链条chain
37. 咖啡馆；小餐馆cafe
38.（餐馆的）女 服务员；女侍者waitress
枫树；槭树maple
眼泪；泪水tear
流着泪；含着泪in tears
伤害；损害harm
大量a great deal (of)
（网球等的）球场；法院；法庭court
收入；受益income
因此；所以therefore
Task 3 词性转换及词汇相关常用词块。
1. illustrate--(n.) illustration --说明；插图；例证；图解--illustrator(n.)插图画家；说明者；图解者
2. respond--(n.) response
3. reject--(n.) rejection
4. appoint--(n.) appointment
5. flexible--(n.) flexibility
6. marry--(n.) marriage
7. complain--(n.) complaint
8. retire--常用此块：retired --- (n.) retirement
9. scare--(adj.)scared害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的--scaring (adj.) 令人害怕的；令人恐惧的
10. harm--(adj.) harmful
11. energy---(adj.) energetic
12. operate--(n.) operation操作；手术--(n.) operator操作员；运营商；接线员
13. assist--(n.) assistant 助手；助力；助教--(n.) assistance 帮助；辅助；援助
14. elect-- (n.) election
15. waiter--(异性词.) waitress
Step 2 词汇运用检测。
Section 1
Task 1 Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in this unit according to the Chinese meaning.
She regards his moral faults with charity. 她宽恕他的品行不端。
We differ about moral standards. 我们对道德标准看法不一致。
The moral of this story is ‘Better late than never'. 这个故事的寓意是｀迟做总比不做好＇.
People can draw a moral from tales. 人们可以从寓言里吸取经验教训。
Fidelity to engagement is a virtue. 信守诺言是一种美德。
My neighbor is a man of highest virtue. 我的邻居是一个具有高尚品德的人。
In the process of modern urban development, we often find ourselves in a dilemma.
在都市的发展中, 我们往往会陷入困境。
The bad weather put us in a dilemma——shall we move on or go back
糟糕的天气使我们进退两难——是继续前进呢,还是打道回府？
A faint hope still flickered in her breast. 一种微弱的希望仍在她的心中闪动着。
He could discern a faint light ahead in the forest.
他能看到前面森林里有一线微弱的灯光。
You'd better attend to that girl. I think she's going to faint.
你最好去照顾那女孩，我看她快昏倒了。
The princess went very pale and looked as though she was about to faint.
公主一下子脸色变得非常苍白，看起来仿佛就要昏倒似的。
He pointed at the diagram to illustrate his point. 他指着图表来说明他的论点。
In this section, I'll illustrate some of these differences.
在这一节,我将举例说明一些不同之处。
You should make good use of every precious minute to study.
你应很好利用宝贵的每一分钟去学习。
Pandas are precious creatures. 熊猫是珍贵的动物。
I hope we can entrust each other. 我希望我们能彼此相互信任。
I know I can entrust you with my secret. 我知道我能把我的秘密告诉你。
The news of their marriage knocked me for a loop.
他们结婚的消息使我大吃一惊。
It was a pleasant surprise to learn of her marriage.
得知她结婚是件令人惊喜的事。
Task 2 单句语法填空。
The majority of people seem to prefer TV to radio.
Racism (race) is abhorrent to the majority of people.
3. The tourist (tour) complained that the room was too dirty.
4. She complained to me about his rudeness (rude).
5. Mary has derived a lot of benefit from her tuition(教学).
6. She received private tuition in French. That is why she has made such a rapid progress.
7. We are not able to offer (offer) personalised tuition (一对一的讲授).
8. She charged only a nominal fee for her work.
9. The doctor's fee was higher (high) than we expected.
10. I invited her to dinner but she did not respond.
11. The screen is sensitive and can respond to slight touch.
12. The tax cuts produced a favourable (favour) response from the public.
13. I'm sorry; the correct response (respond) is B.
14. He was elected (elect) the leader of the union 2 months ago.
15. The scholarship includes an allowance of 80 dollars for books.
Step 2 语篇提升训练
Task 1语法填空
One of the greatest challenges in life 1.________ (be) adapting to blindness. Usually, we think only dogs are 2.________ (suit) guides for blind people but in the USA, mini horses are also popular.
In many 3.________ (way), horses are better for some blind people, for example, those 4.________ are allergic to dog hair. Guide horses are now proving 5.________ (benefit) to people all over the USA. 6.________， if you were hoping to have conducted the training of your mini horse yourself you will be disappointed. Guide horses need access 7.________ specialists. Whatever ambitions you have, leave the training to the experts. Few people 8.________ adequate knowledge or the correct facilities (设施) to train guide horses.
We must congratulate guide horses because 9.________ in all they seem 10.________ (solve) the problem of helping blind people that are allergic to dogs.
答案与解析　
1. is　根据主语one of the greatest challenges可知该空谓语用单数形式且根据全文的现在时态可知该空填一般现在时的is。
2. suitable所给词在句中作表语应用形容词形式，故填suitable“合适的”。
3. ways.　in many ways“在很多方面”。
4. who/that　分析句子成分可知空格处所填词引导定语从句修饰先行词those, those指人，空格后的从句中缺少主语，故用who/that引导定语从句。
5. beneficial所给词在句中作系动词prove的表语，应用形容词形式，故填beneficial“有益的”。
6. However空格前后为转折关系，且空格后有逗号，故填However“然而”。
7. to　access to ...“接近；近入……”。
8. have所给词在句中作谓语且表现在的动作，故用一般现在时。
9. all根据短语all in all“总而言之”可知该空填all。
10. to have solved　seem to have done “似乎已经做了某事”
Section 2
Step 1 词汇运用检测。
Task 1 Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in this unit according to the Chinese meaning.
I'm stuffed, and I can't eat another bite.
我很饱了, 一口也吃不下了。(bite)
He kissed her on the lips. 他吻了她的嘴唇。
I saw the angels standing near us, waiting to assist us, rejoicing in our accomplishments and joys.
我看见天使站在我们旁边,等着帮助我们, 为我们的成就及喜悦而欢呼。
Could you give me some first aid 你可以替我急救吗？
We were shocked to learn of his passing away. 我们惊悉他不幸逝世。
The chairman exhorted the party workers to take action. 主席敦促党的工作人员采取行动。
In the absence of the chairman of the council, the vice chairman does duty for him.
委员会会长缺任时，便由副会长代理职务。
She is always moaning about her bad memory. 她总是抱怨自己的记性不好。
There is a tablet in memory of those who died. 那儿有一块碑纪念死去的人。
She wore a silver chain around her neck. 她脖子上戴着一条银项链。
He detached a link from a chain. 他从链子上拆下一个链环。
This cafe keeps late into the night. 这家咖啡馆一直开到深夜。
The uproar in the cafe lasted long after midnight. 咖啡馆的喧闹一直持续到午夜之后很久。
The waitress received a handsome tip. 女侍者收到了数量可观的小费。
A waitress came in, carrying tea on a tray. 一名女侍者走进来，手端放着茶的托盘。
This tube is flexible but tough. 这管子柔软但很坚固。
His income is well below the average. 他的收入大大低于平均水平。
The lost child's face ran with tears. 这个走丢了的孩子脸上流着泪。
He was the only candidate; therefore, he was elected.
他是唯一的候选人，因此，他当选了。
The tension is building up. 形势逐步紧张起来。
He flew to Europe via the North Pole. 他经由北极飞到欧洲。
Penguins live in cold places near the South Pole.
企鹅是生长在靠近南极的寒冷的地方。
Task 2 单句语法填空。
She got pregnant and was turned out of the house by her parents.
She could not disguise her amusement (amuse) at his mistake.
It proved difficult to disguise his anxiety (anxious).
The supposed beggar was really a police officer in disguise.
Not many people managed to penetrate (penetrate) my disguise.
6. The garden is flanked to the north with large maple trees.
7. The cart is / was piled (pile) high with fruit and vegetables.
8. They were shoveling coal into a cart, which is almost full now.
9. The coffee is so full that it might spill over.
10. Put the cap back on the bottle, otherwise/or the juice will spill.
11. If you leave your shoes lying (lie) around like that, you'll trip over them.
12. Slowly (slow) they began to limp back towards the farm.
13. My wife burst into tears when she heard (hear) the bad news.
14. She shed crocodile tear over his death(die).
15. It wouldn't do him any harm to work a bit harder (hard).
16. We do not have enough money. Therefore, we can not afford to buy the new car.
17. Antarctica is the loneliest (lonely) place on earth.
Task 3选词填空完成句子
income despair pregnant fables conveniences in tears
flexible might harm court
How long has she been pregnant
She left the room in tears so I went after her.
3. My monthly income was just over 200 pounds.
4. If we interfere, it may do more harm than good.
5. A person is most disappointed when he is in despair.
6. To be frank, this mission is beyond my might.
7. The Internet brings mankind a lot of conveniences.
8. Fables often have animals as the main characters.
9. The two players entered the court hand in hand.
10. We need a foreign policy that is more flexible.
Task 4 Translation. The words and expressions in the bracket may help you.
这街上发生了交通事故，但没有人受伤。(harm)
There was a traffic accident in this street, but no one was harmed.
2. 我们绝不相信他会伤害我们。(harm)
We never believed that he would harm us.
3. 他已陷入绝望的深渊。(despair; abyss)
He has been in the abyss of despair.
4. 身为人类, 我们不能对人性失望。(despair; humanity)
We cannot despair of humanity, since we are ourselves human beings.
5. 他们不抱比赛得胜的希望。(despaired of ...)
They despaired of winning the game.
6. 他很快就失望地放弃尝试。(attempt; in despair)
He soon gave up the attempt in despair.
7. 我们惧怕敌人强大的军事力量。(military might)
We fear the military might of the enemy.
8. 有许多的公共汽车路线遍布于这一地区。(a great deal of)
There are a great deal of bus lines covering the area.
9. 接下来这一段是出自一篇有名的寓言。(quote; fable)
The following passage was quoted from a well-known fable.
10. 他把球打到球场后面去了。(drop; court)
He dropped the ball to the back of the court.
Step 2 语篇提升训练。
Task 1 语法填空。阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Ecotourism is a new term in today's tourism industry. It is 1. typically (typical) considered as an ecologically sustainable tourism with a primary focus on visiting fragile and relatively 2.undisturbed (disturb) natural areas, especially the ones where special and unusual plants, animals and cultural heritages are the main attractions. 63.It takes ecology and culture into consideration. Therefore, programs 4.concerning (concern) the protection of some natural and cultural spots also form a part of ecotourism.
Ecotourism is developing at an 5.increasing (increase) speed. According to a recent report by the World Tourism Organization, ecotourism in recent years has enjoyed 6.an annual growth of about 5% worldwide. So far, more than 80 activities
7. have been listed (list) for ecotourism and they include bird watching, hiking, diving, photography and taking part in 8.varieties (vary) of local cultural events.
Big cities are still the major places 9.that/which attract tourists in our society today.However, it seems some smaller towns and country areas may well become the new destinations for people 10. to visit (visit) tomorrow because they are rich in ecological, cultural and historical resources.
文章大意：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了最近很流行的一种新型旅游方式：生态旅游。具体说明了这种旅游的特点及发展情况。
1. 考查副词。在英语中副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子，形容词通常作定语(修饰名词)或作表语。本句中使用副词充当状语修饰谓语动词，所以要填typically。
2. 考查形容词。句意：生态旅游通常被认为是一种从生态学来看可以持续的旅游业，主要关注参观脆弱的和相对未被打扰的自然地区。形容词undisturbed意为“未被打扰的”与natural一致，所以要填undisturbed。
3. 考查代词。句意：它考虑到生态和文化。句中代词it指代上文出现的同一名词ecotourism，故本句中要填It。
4. 考查介词。因此，关于保护自然和文化地点的项目也形成了生态旅游的一部分。介词concerning意为“关于”，句中介词短语concerning the protection of some natural and cultural spots充当定语修饰名词programs，所以要填介词concerning。
5. 考查形容词。句意：生态旅游正以越来越快的速度发展。句中increasing意为“不断增加的，越来越……的”，充当定语修饰名词speed。所以本句中要填increasing。
6. 考查冠词。句意：根据世界旅游协会，最近几年生态旅游每年增加了百分之五。句中不定冠词an修饰名词短语 annual growth表示泛指，而定冠词the表示特指。所以要填an。
7. 考查时态语态。句意：到目前为止，超过80项活动被列在了生态旅游业的名单里。本句主语more than 80 activities与动词list构成被动关系，时间状语so far通常要和现在完成时连用，所以本句要填现在完成时的被动语态形式have been listed。
8. 考查名词短语。句意：它们包括观鸟、远足、跳水和摄影以及参加各种各样的地方文化活动。名词短语varieties of各种各样的，在句中充当定语修饰名词短语local cultural events。所以要填varieties。
9. 考查定语从句。句意：在当今社会大城市仍然是吸引游客的主要地方。定语从句的先行词是places，关系代词that/which指代先行词，引导定语从句并在句中充当主语。所以要填that/which。
10. 考查不定式复合结构。句意：乡村地区也许会成为未来人们参观的新的目的地。不定式的复合结构“for sb to do sth”是为了说明不定式动作的发出者，在此作后置定语修饰the new destinations。所以本句中要填to visit。
Section 3
Step 1 词汇运用检测。
Task 1 Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in this unit according to the Chinese meaning.
He won a scholarship to Cambridge. 他获得一份到剑桥大学读书的奖学金。
We don't want to hire inexperienced worker. 我们不想聘用没有经验的工人。
We hired an advertising company for help to sell our product.
我们雇用了一家广告公司来推销我们的产品。
He paid the carriage hire to the driver. 他把马车租金给了马车夫。
The price includes the hire of the hall. 费用包括礼堂租金。
He was attended by his personal physician. 他的私人医生护理他。
He prefers to be a surgeon rather than a physician. 他喜欢当外科医生而不愿作内科医生。
Please allow me to introduce my colleague Professor Zhang to you.
请允许我把我的同事张教授介绍给你。
He rejected their offer of a job. 他拒绝了他们给他的工作。
After the transplant his body rejected the new heart.
他的身体对新移植的心脏产生了排斥作用。
Her rejection dashed him. 她的拒绝使他难堪。
Her rejection of him seems to have made him go back into his shell.
他遭她拒绝后就更不爱吭声了。
The company decided to appoint a new treasurer. 公司决定任命一位新司库/财务主管。
They appointed him chairman. 他们任命他为主席。
His clinic is near the newly-built railway station. 他的诊所在新建的火车站附近。
Task 2 选词填空完成句子，一个单词只能用一次。
election tend to elsewhere staff clinic published retired
elected faraway decade
He is being treated at a private clinic.
2. The painter lived a life of ease on a faraway island.
3. They elected him chairman.
4. I may vote for her at the next election.
5. Prices have risen steadily during the past decade.
6. You can't find anything like this elsewhere.
7. During the interview, some interviewees tend to exaggerate.
8. He published this book with his pen-name .
9. I find the hotel staff particularly courteous.
10. My father retired at the age of 60.
Task 3 单句语法填空。
My parents lived in a small faraway village in the north.
2. They organized a poll to elect a president.
3. Our party was routed at the election (elect).
4. Several decades have elapsed since I graduated from the college.
5. They told me that I shall go elsewhere to look (look) for help.
6. Weeds tend to displace other plants.
7. Mother being (be) ill, he had to tend her at home.
8. You'd better tend to your (you) own affairs.
9. Her book was published (publish) last year.
10. The old worker decided to retire (retire) to the country.
11. A saving of 30% is obtainable (obtain) under this scheme.
12. We must work out a better method of saving (save) paper.
13. I would like to open a saving account so that money could be accumulated (accumulate) for the future use. You know, just in case.
14. Nowadays, it is very easy for people to handle urban and rural individual saving deposits.
15. It is noisy (noise) in the kindergarten.
Step 2 语篇提升训练
Task 1 语法填空
I wonder 1. if / whether it is because I haven't been able to be outdoors for so long that I 2. have grown (grow) so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time 3. when a deep blue sky，the song of the birds，moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That 4. has changed (change) since I was there. For example，one evening when it was so warm，I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven in order to have 5.a good look at the moon by 6.myself (I). But as the moon 7. gave (give) far too much light，I didn't dare open a window.Another time five months ago，I happened to be upstairs until the window had to 8. be shut (shut). The dark，rainy evening，the wind，the thundering clouds held me 9. entirely (entire) in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I 10.had seen(see)the night face to face.
答案与解析：
if / whether. 考查宾语从句。if / whether引导宾语从句，在从句中不作任何句子成分，意为“是否”。
have grown.考查谓语动词。动作发生在过去，对现在有影响，或者与现在依然有联系，需用现在完成时态。
when.考查定语从句。when在从句中作时间状语。
has changed.考查谓语动词，since常与现在完成时态连用。
a. 考查冠词。空格后有可数单数名词look, 此处表泛指，故填a.
myself. 考查反身代词。by oneself独自。
gave. 考查谓语动词。根据上下文语境，此处需用一般过去时的主动语态。故填gave.
be shut. had to be shut. 不得不被关闭，即必须得关窗了。
entirely. 考查副词。副词作状语修饰动词held.
had seen.考查谓语动词。句型 “it was the + 序数词 + time + that从句”, 从句谓语动词需用过去完成时态。若句型中的was 改为is , 则从句谓语动词需用现在完成时态。
Section 4
Step 1 词汇运用检测。
Task 1 Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in this unit according to the Chinese meaning.
These children hit it off well in the kindergarten. 这些小孩在幼儿园里相处得很好。
A bicycle and a motorcycle are built on the same principle.
自行车和摩托车是根据同样的原理制造的。
Archimedes, a great physicist, discovered the principle of floating bodies .
阿基米德，一位伟大的物理学家，发现了浮体原理。
He played a passive role in the marriage.
他在婚姻中扮演了一个被动的角色。
You are passive when you allow things to happen, but do nothing.
当你让这些事发生,而不做任何事来阻止它,你是消极的。
The child was scared of the fierce looking dog.
这孩子害怕那条外表凶恶的狗。
I am scared stiff of meeting the director.
我很害怕去见这位所长。
You scare them to death with your mouth. 你一开口就能把人吓死。
We'll scare her out of telling the police. 我们要把她吓得不敢报警。
Cats have sharp claws. 猫有锋利的爪子。
There is a sharp drop in the prices. 价格出现暴跌。
I am an insurance broker. 我是一名保险经纪人。
He works in an insurance company. 他在一家保险公司上班。
His son is an energetic child. 他的儿子是个精力旺盛的孩子。
He seems an energetic person. 他似乎是一个精力充沛的人。
Task 2 单句语法填空。
We've replaced the old adding machine with a computer.
2. His left knee was hurt (hurt) in a traffic accident at that time.
3. Happily (happy), the accident was prevented.
4. He calls himself the managing director but his company is just a Mickey Mouse operation that /which he runs from his own house.
5. Today, in order to meet the market competition(compete), modes of business operation have undergone rapid change.
6. The gown a surgeon wears during an operation is usually green.
7. The surgeon has performed (perform) the operation since the first week the patient was admitted to the hospital.
8. She said it in a whisper, therefore, I didn't hear.
9. You'll have to whisper or/otherwise he'll hear you.
10. Fatso leaned over to whisper (whisper) in her ear.
11. They love to whisper intimately (intimate).
12. The mail was sorted (sort) and pouched by midnight.
13. We finally (final) got some shut-eye after midnight.
14. So far, the government has imposed (impose) strict controls over the import of luxury goods.
15. I recommend that you (should) grasp (grasp) the import of your mother's remarks.
Task 3 选词填空完成句子。
lap replace import bit memory passed away
South Pole assisted whispering first aid
It is profitable to import food.
The children were whispering in the corner.
When Scott reached the South Pole he found Amundsen had anticipated him.
The child sat on its mother's lap.
Their dog bit a hole in my trousers.
Nothing can replace a mother's love.
A team of nurses assisted the doctor in performing the operation.
In our first aid class,we practised on one another.
I am sorry to hear that he passed away last month.
10. His best music was inspired by the memory of his mother.
Task 4 Translation. The words and expressions in the bracket may help you.
禁止煤炭输出。(prohibition; export)
Prohibition was laid on the export of coal.
血液还能从身体组织里输出废物。(tissue; export)
The blood can also export waste products from the tissues.
3. 非洲向欧洲出口牛肉。( export)
Africa is exporting beef to Europe.
4. 他经由北极飞到欧洲。(via; North Pole)
He flew to Europe via the North Pole.
5. 好长一段时间他事事称心如意。(fall into one’s lap)
For quite some time, everything fell into his lap.
6. 领先的那辆赛车在第十圈的中途撞毁了。(crash; lap)
The leading car crashed midway through the tenth lap.
7. 他们被蚊子叮得很厉害。(bite; mosquito)
They are badly bitten by mosquitoes.
8. 这里没有消息，没有低语，没有呼唤。(whisper)
There is no word, no whisper, no cry.
9. 他因遭蛇咬而被送到医院治疗。(snake bite)
He was taken/sent to the hospital to be treated for snake bite.
10. 她咬着嘴唇克制着自己不要哭。(bite; lip; keep from doing...)
She bit her lip to keep from crying.

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