资源简介 (共50张PPT)Unit 4 SharingLearning About LanguageTeaching Objectives:1. Review different types of phrases of previous lessons.2. Correctly identify different phrases and state their functions.Key and difficult points:Key point:Grasp the main idea of the sentence and the additional information of the sentence by analysing different kind of phrases.Difficult point:Enrich the content and variety of sentences by using phrases in order to improve students’ ability of reading comprehension and writing skills.Part 1Build up your vocabularyComplete the word puzzle with words from the blog entries. Can you find the hidden message Complete the word puzzle with words from the blog entries.Can you find the hidden message ___a___ c ___r___ ___ s___ r___ ___mp___ p ___ ___lf o___ e ___ ___ ____dc___ ___ c___ ss___c___ ___ d___ ___ ______o___ s i n ______a___ lj___ mk e___ ___ l ec o___ ___ ___nt___ ___ l ___t___ ___ b b ___ ___c ___ ___ r u ___SUEWAHOOACERHEAHREUREBAOTTTTAIMEONARYHUGSOIRUHidden message : sharing mattersWhat does Xu Yuan think of the country and experience Complete the passage with the words below.lack secondary housing right drag kettleShe regrets not bringing a _________ to Ghana to boil the water she needs. Some of the medicine she has brought with her works better with hot water. But any discomfort is __________ to helping the needy, she believes. Xu enjoys her volunteer experience and considers it a good opportunity to_______ herself out of her comfort zone and to explore the world. “One of my dreams is to work in Africa and continue to help the disabled after I resign from my job. I think everyone deserves the __________to be happy, ” she said.kettlesecondarydragrightComplete the passage below with the correct forms of the words in the box.Food: jam,bacon,corn, leftover, sweets, potatoes, cabbage, carrot, honey, pork, beef, appleHigh-tech: laptop, tablet, smartphone, computer, solar power generator, robot, 3D printerHuman body: knee, jaw, wrinkle, forehead, muscle, bone, eye, neck, finger, heart, lung, footSchool supplies: textbook, paper, rubber, pencil, notebook, pen, crayon, ruler, marker, bookshelf, glue, scissorsCooking and eating:saucer, kettle, pan, jar, grill, cup, spoon, fork, chopsticks, knife, bowl, platePart 2复习短语Identify the phrases in the following sentences and state their functions. Mark noun phrases as NP, verb phrases VP, adverbial phrases AdvP, adjective phrases AdjP, and prepositional phrases PrepP.VPNPAdjPVPNPVPNPAdvPNPNPPrepPPrepPVPNPPrepPPrepPNPAdvPPrepPPrepPNPVPNPVPAdvPPrepP英语中的短语是有一定意义但不构成独立从句或句子的一组词。从形式结构角度划分,英语的短语可分为名词短语、动词短语、形容词短语、副词短语、介词短语等。英语短语的句法功能通常与对应的单词的句法功能类似。短语概念概念:是指以一个名词为中心构成的短语,在句中的功能相当于名词。名词短语构成:名词短语由名词与它的修饰语一起构成。名词的修饰语与名词有两种位置关系:一是放在被修饰名词的前面,叫作前置定语;二是放在被修饰名词后面,叫作后置定语。名词短语前置定语包括:限定词、形容词(短语)和描述性名词冠词(a/an/the)指示代词(this/that/these/those 等)指示代词 (this/that/these/those 等)物主代词 (my/your/his/her/our/their等)不定代词 (some/no/neither/both/every/other等)数词(first/two/one third 等)限定词主要包括:名词短语后置定语包括:定语从句、分词短语不定式或不定式短语、形容词短语和介词短语等。限定词+形容词+描述性名词+中心名词+定语从句the/ cute/ baby/ girl/ who is wearing a pink dress限定词+形容词+描述性名词+中心名词+分词短语the/ cute/ baby/ girl/ wearing a pink dress限定词+形容词+描述性名词+中心名词+介词短语the/ cute/ baby/ girl/ in a pink dress限定词+形容词+名词+介词短语the/ rapid/ development/ of China名词短语作主语The flower shop is just around the corner and you won't miss it. 花店就在拐角处,你一定会找到它的。名词短语的句法功能:I want to have a trip to Europe. 我想去欧洲旅行。She has received a nice coffee cup as a gift.她收到了一个漂亮的咖啡杯作为礼物。在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。名词短语作宾语Mathilde lost the fake diamond necklace belonging to her friend.玛蒂尔德丢失了属于她朋友的假钻石项链。名词短语作表语This is an exciting experience which will never be forgotten.这是一次激动人心、难以忘怀的经历。名词短语的句法功能:We made Tom monitor of our class. 我们选汤姆当我们班的班长。在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾补等。名词短语作宾语补足语What I really want is that beautiful evening dress.我真正想要的就是那件漂亮的晚礼服。冠词+形容词+名词an exciting experience 一次激动人心的经历a long history 一段悠久的历史the broken window 破碎的窗玻璃常见的名词短语冠词+名词+介词+名词apiece of bread 一块面包 a suit of clothes 一套衣服a set of equipment 一套设备a piece of news 一条新闻the book for children 儿童读物the tickets for films 电影票名词所有格短语Tom's book 汤姆的书a gift for Jims birthday 吉姆的生日礼物today's newspaper 今天的报纸the teachers’ office 老师的办公室15 minutes’ ride/drive 十五分钟的路程/车程常见的名词短语名词+to 短语the way to success 成功之道the entrance to the cinema 电影院入口名词+with短语a man with good manners 有礼貌的男士a girl with golden hair 金发的女孩a house with furniture 有家具的房子常见的名词短语a man with thick glasses 戴厚眼镜的男士a book with a green cover 绿皮书a house with a big yard 带大院子的房子名词作定语的名词短语railway station火车站shoe factory 鞋厂petrol station 加油站flower shop 花店coffee cup 咖啡杯water pipe 水管常见的名词短语glass cup 玻璃杯evening dress 晚礼服winter clothes 冬季服装blood type 血型paper flower 纸花brick wall 砖墙silk dress 丝绸连衣裙概念:形容词短语是指由几个形容词或形容词及其修饰语构成的短语。形容词短语1. 形容词+形容词(两个或多个形容词由 and, but 等连词连接)large and beautiful 又大又漂亮 young but clever 年纪小但聪明tired but happy 累但快乐 thirsty and hungry 又渴又饿2.副词+形容词(very, so, enough, quite, fairly, pretty等副词表示程度,副词enough 修饰形容词时,放在形容词后面)very hot 非常热awfully dirty 极其脏pretty good 相当不错quite big 相当大long enough 足够长extremely lazy极其懒惰fairly/pretty easy 相当简单be+形容词+介词be particular about对······挑剔be aware of 意识到be rich in 富含……be successful in在·····方面成功be addicted to 对····上瘾形容词短语be beneficial to 对....有益be responsible for 对......负责be fit/suitable for 适合·.....be absent from不在,缺席be familiar with 对.....·熟悉1. 形容词短语作表语(与系动词构成系表结构,说明主语的性质、特征或状态)The bridge is long and wide. 这座桥又长又宽形容词短语的句法功能The man was so lazy that no one was willing to hire him.这个男人如此懒惰以至于没有人愿意雇用他。The question is extremely difficult for him to answer.这个问题对他来说太难回答了。I think your answer is correct and proper.我认为你的回答正确又恰当。2. 形容词短语作定语(修饰名词或代词,说明其性质、特征或状态等)You have a small but beautiful room. 你有个虽小但漂亮的房间。形容词短语的句法功能He is a worker worthy of praise. 他是个值得表扬的工人。Exercise can make you healthy and energetic.锻炼能使你健康有活力。3.形容词短语作宾语补足语(说明宾语的性质、特征或状态)2. 形容词短语作定语(修饰名词或代词,说明其性质、特征或状态等)You have a small but beautiful room. 你有个虽小但漂亮的房间。形容词短语的句法功能He is a worker worthy of praise. 他是个值得表扬的工人。Exercise can make you healthy and energetic.锻炼能使你健康有活力。3.形容词短语作宾语补足语(说明宾语的性质、特征或状态)He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.他在风雪中度过了七天,又冷又饿。4. 形容词短语作状语(说明主语的性质、特征或状态)概念:副词短语是指由几个副词或副词及其修饰语构成的短语。副词短语1. 副词+副词(两个或多个副词由 and, but 等连词连接)again and again 一遍又一遍 quickly and correctly 快且准确2. very/so/quite/fairly/pretty/extremely/much+副词(副词enough 修饰副词时,放在副词后面)so/very/extremely fast 如此快/非常快/快极了much quicker 快得多 quite/fairly/pretty well 相当好fairly regularly 很有规律 clearly enough 足够清楚1. 修饰动词She's a clever girl, and has learnt the new skill very quickly.她是个聪明的女孩,很快就学会了这项新技能。副词短语的句法功能He drives extremely carefully. 他开车非常小心。The dress was rather too small for her.这件连衣裙对她来说太小了。2. 修饰形容词副词短语在句中主要作状语,修饰动词、形容词或句子等。very quickly修饰has learntextremely carefully修饰drivesrather too修饰 smallHe is running much too fast in the match.他在比赛中跑得太快了。3. 修饰副词much too修饰fast概念:介词短语是介词和其他代词、名词或词组搭配构成的短语,主要用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系。介词短语1. at +n.at a time 每次;逐一;依次 at all times 无论何时,一直at length 长时间;最后;详尽地at no time 从不,在任何时候都不at one time一度;曾经at random 随机地;任意地at present 现在,目前at times 时常 at risk处境危险at a loss 困惑,不知所措at any time 在任何时候at birth 出生时at first sight 乍一看,初看起来at hand 近在手边at work/play在工作/玩耍介词短语2. beyond + n.beyond compare无与伦比beyond expression 无法表达beyond measure 无可估量beyond question 毫无疑问beyond words 无法用语言表达beyond belief 难以置信beyond (ones) reach 够不到beyond control 难以控制beyond description 无法形容beyond expectation 出乎意料3. by +n.by means of 凭借 by reason of 因为,由于by way of 经由by accident 偶然by chance 偶然by coincidence 碰巧by force 用武力by heart 单凭记忆,能背诵不定式作表语常表示具体的、一次性的动作或将来的动作。Her dream is to become a famous scientist.她的梦想是成为一名著名科学家。不定式的用法作表语Her aim is to win the championship in the upcoming competition. 她的目标是在即将到来的比赛中赢得冠军。若主语是 aim, duty, hope, idea, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing, wish 等名词,不定式作表语是对主语内容的具体说明。I have a report to write this afternoon.今天下午我有一份报告要写。不定式的用法作定语She has a lot of clothes to wash on weekends.她周末有很多衣服要洗。She bought a book to read during the long journey.她买了一本书在长途旅行中阅读。不定式作表语常表示具体的、一次性的动作或将来的动作。不定式的用法作定语当被修饰的名词是"ability, chance, courage, decision, effort, intention, need, opportunity, reason, right"等时,常用不定式作定语,且不定式与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的主谓、动宾或同位关系。She has the ability to finish this task independently.她有独立完成这项任务的能力。We have a good chance to visit the famous museum tomorrow.我们明天有个很好的机会参观著名博物馆。Her decision to study abroad surprised everyone.她出国留学的决定让大家都很惊讶。不定式的用法作定语当不定式修饰 “way, place, time” 等名词时,后面的介词常可省略。This is the best way to solve the problem (in).这是解决问题的最佳方法。That is a wonderful place to spend our holiday (at).那是个度假的好地方。Do you have the right time to have a talk with me (at) 你有合适的时间和我聊聊吗?不定式的用法作状语目的状语:不定式可位于句首、句末或句中作目的状语。为了强调目的,可在不定式前加 “in order to” 或 “so as to”,但 “so as to” 不能用于句首。To get a better grade, he studied hard every night.为了取得更好的成绩,他每晚都努力学习。She went to the library to borrow some reference books. 她去图书馆借一些参考书。In order to catch the first bus, he got up at 5 o'clock.为了赶上第一班公交车,他五点就起床了。不定式的用法作状语结果状语:常与 “only” 连用,表示意外的结果。He worked hard day and night, only to fail in the exam.他日夜努力学习,结果却考试不及格。She ran all the way to the station, only to find the train had left. 她一路跑到车站,结果却发现火车已经开走了。They hurried to the airport, only to be told the flight was cancelled.他们匆忙赶到机场,结果却被告知航班取消了。不定式的用法作状语原因状语:用于某些形容词后,说明产生某种情绪的原因。常见的形容词有 “happy, glad, pleased, sad, sorry, surprised, excited” 等。I'm happy to see my old friends again.再次见到老朋友我很高兴。She was excited to hear that she had won the first prize. 听到自己得了一等奖,她很兴奋。We are sorry to hear about your loss.听到你的损失,我们很难过。不定式的用法作宾语补足语一些动词如 “advise, beg, cause, command, enable, forbid, force, instruct, invite, oblige, persuade, remind, teach, urge” 等后常接不定式作宾语补足语,构成 “动词 + 宾语 + 不定式” 结构。The teacher advised the students to read more English stories. 老师建议学生多读英语故事。He begged his mother to buy him a new toy.他恳求妈妈给他买一个新玩具。The coach commanded the players to run faster.教练命令队员们跑得更快些。不定式的用法作宾语补足语使役动词 “let, make, have” 和感官动词 “see, watch, observe, notice, hear, listen to, feel” 等后接不带 “to” 的不定式作宾语补足语,但在被动语态中要加上 “to”。Let him go home now.(让他现在回家。)→He was let to go home by us.(他被我们允许回家。) We made the little boy cry.(我们把小男孩弄哭了。)→The little boy was made to cry by us.(小男孩被我们弄哭了。) I saw her enter the classroom.(我看见她走进教室。)→She was seen to enter the classroom.(有人看见她走进教室。)Part 4不定式的时态和语态不定式的一般式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生或在其后发生。I want to go shopping this afternoon.我今天下午想去购物。He hopes to visit his grandparents next week.他希望下周去看望祖父母。They plan to start the project tomorrow.他们计划明天启动项目。不定式的进行式表示的动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时进行,强调动作正在进行。She seems to be dancing in the room now.她现在好像正在房间里跳舞。The students appear to be discussing an interesting topic.学生们似乎正在讨论一个有趣的话题。He pretended to be reading when his mother came in.妈妈进来时他假装正在看书。不定式的完成式表示的动作在谓语动词表示的动作之前发生。He is said to have studied abroad for five years.据说他已经在国外学习了五年。They are believed to have finished the work ahead of time.人们认为他们已经提前完成了工作。She seems to have known the truth already.她似乎已经知道真相了。不定式的被动式当不定式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者时,要用被动式。The problem needs to be solved as soon as possible.这个问题需要尽快解决。The letter is to be sent by express mail.这封信要用特快专递寄出。The work is expected to be completed in two weeks.这项工作预计两周内完成。不定式的否定形式在不定式前加 “not” 构成否定形式。Tell him not to play computer games too late.告诉他不要玩电脑游戏到太晚。The teacher asked us not to make noise in class.老师要求我们在课堂上不要吵闹。My parents told me not to trust strangers easily.我父母告诉我不要轻易相信陌生人。省略 “to” 的不定式(一)在"had better, would rather, rather than, why not"等结构后,用省略"to"的不定式。You'd better stay at home during the storm.暴风雨期间你最好待在家里。(二)当两个或多个不定式由"and, or, but"等连接时,第二个及后面的不定式常省略"to"。You'd better stay at home during the storm.暴风雨期间你最好待在家里。省略 “to” 的不定式(三)在"let, make, have"等使役动词和"see, watch, hear, feel, notice"等感官动词后作宾语补足语时,省略"to",但在被动语态中要加上"to"。Let them do it by themselves. 让他们自己做这件事。→They were let to do it by themselves.他们被允许自己做这件事。We heard her sing a beautiful song. 我们听到她唱了一首动听的歌。→She was heard to sing a beautiful song.有人听到她唱了一首动听的歌。Part 6ExerciseComplete the passage with the phrases below in their proper forms.China has offered ___________________________ to many countries in its Belt and Road Initiative. In the Congo, many ______________ have been transformed into _____________________ since then. Trains run _________________ Europe from China, and to China from Europe, bringing new jobs and opportunities to both ends. Chinese healthcare workers have also been sent to provide aid to places __________________________. Despite all the difficulties involved in this project, these efforts have been greeted with ____________ support from the locals.a large amount of investmentdusty tracksbeautiful modern roadsstraight towardswith dangerous diseasesa chorus ofImagine you are an editor of a volunteer website. Add phrases to the following advertisement to make it more exciting.Imagine you are an editor of a volunteer website. Add phrases to the following advertisement to make it more exciting.In order to ease suffering in Guinea from a lack of doctors and good healthcare advice, volunteers with a heart to help others are needed to provide healthcare information to people in rural villages. As a volunteer, you will be responsible for organizing lectures, preparing posters, and visiting schools and families throughout the southern part of the nation. There is no doubt that these activities will leave you with unforgettable memories for the rest of your life. The programme will last for one year or more, depending on your performance You need to be over 18 and able to communicate well both in spoken and written English (or in French). You don't need but you should be friendly and to have overseas experience, outgoing with a wonderful smile.SEE YOU NEXT TIME 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览