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Unit 3
新人教版选择性必修四Unit 3
UNIT 3
SEA EXPLORATION
The ocean is a mighty harmonist.
— William Wordsworth
REACHING OUT ACROSS THE SEA
To identify essay types.
To summerize the main idea of each paragraph.
To assess the significance of sea exploration.
What do you think of when you see the photos
harmony, invader, living under the sea, beautiful dreams…
They (oceans) provide a breeding ground for life, connect the world and promote development.
--- Xi Jinping
How do you understand the quote
They (oceans) provide a breeding ground for life, connect the world and promote development.
--- Xi Jinping
Can you describe ocean using your own language
The ocean is the cradle of life. (metaphor)
The ocean hides secrets like mankind. (simile, personification)
The ocean gave my face a salty slap as his tides rose. (personification)
What sea animals and plants do you know
What words would you use to describe the sea
What do you know about sea exploration
What do you want to know about sea exploration
Do you know any stories about sea voyages
Share your story with a partner.
Christopher Columbus was an Italian explorer whose journeys kicked off centuries of exploration and exploitation on the American continents.
Ferdinand Magellan
Portuguese navigator and explorer who sailed around South America, discovering the Strait of Magellan, and across the Pacific.
Marco Polo was a Venetian merchant, explorer, and writer who travelled through Asia along the Silk Road between 1271 and 1295. His travels are recorded in The Travels of Marco Polo, a book that described to Europeans the then mysterious culture and inner workings of the Eastern world.
Zheng He was a Chinese admiral and explorer who led several voyages around the Indian Ocean. The first voyage started in Yongle three years (1405), and the last voyage ended in Xuande eight years (1433), totaling seven times. Zheng He's voyage to the west is the largest and longest sailing voyage in China in ancient times.
Look at the title and skim the text. Decide what type of essay it is
A title usually covers the main point of the subject or keywords of the essay. It shares the theme of the essay and tells the reader what to expect.
It is an expository essay.
An expository essay normally has the purpose of explaining or giving information about something. While a descriptive essay normally describes something concrete, an expository essay usually tells information about something abstract. For example, an expository essay will talk about the value of subways systems, while a descriptive essay may talk about subway trains.
A narrative essay is a story with a beginning, middle, and end.
A descriptive essay describes a subject and lists interesting details.
An expository essay is factual, giving information on a subject.
An argumentative essay aims to convince the reader.
There are four major types of essay:
narrative, descriptive, expository, and argumentative.
What are the four major types of essay do you know
Read the text again. Write down the main idea of each paragraph.
Paragraph Main idea
1
2
3
4
Travel from east to west began long before Columbus.
In ancient times, travel east to west was on the Silk Road.
Zheng He’s sea voyages built relations with other countries.
The 21st Century Maritime Silk Road has encouraged cooperation and strengthened the bonds between China and the rest of the world (Today, the Belt and Road Initiative is picking up where Zheng He left off.)
Paragraph Main idea
5
6
China is also joining with other countries on other important projects.
China will continue to explore the sea and enhance relationships with other countries.
How is the passage developed
Which is introduced in each exploration
Time
Region
Event
Result/
Purpose
in ancient times
in the 8th century
in Ming Dynasty
today
in the future
Time sequence.
Scan the text and fill in the table with the correct names.
Name Description
The name of the trade route between China and the West
Its kings sent gifts such as giraffes to China
An area currently being explored for scientific reasons
A destination of silk and a major European capital
the Silk Road
African royal families
the Arctic
Rome
Name Description
The modern country name for Ceylon
The historical period when China expanded maritime exploration to other regions
The author of Record of My Travels
The commander of the seven fleets
The person who wrote stories that inspired European explorers
Sri Lanka
the Ming Dynasty
Du Huan
Zheng He
Marco Polo
Read for detailed information.
1. What inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east
A. Trade and curiosity.　 B. The tales of Marco Polo.
C. The tales of Columbus. D. Merchants and explorers.
B
2.What did the trade deals between merchants from different countries result in
A. Further exploration of the oceans.
B. Mankind’s greatest achievements.
C. Construction of the ancient Silk Road.
D. Better understanding of each other’s culture.
D
3. Zheng He and his fleets sailed as far as ___________.
A. the Indian Ocean B. the South China Sea
C. the east coast of Africa D. the mouth of the Red Sea
C
4. Why is there an urgent need to study the Arctic
A. To promote foreign trade.
B. To look for more natural resources.
C. To strengthen the bonds between countries.
D. To know more about climate change and its effects.
D
Please retell the passage by filling the blanks.
It is well-known that mankind’s greatest 1.______________ have often resulted from trade and 2.____________ and people of early civilisations had a strong desire to complete the great map of the world.
In ancient times, Chinese merchants shipped silk to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what has became known as 3._______________. Trade between merchants from China and other places resulted in better understanding of each other’s 4._________.
achievements
curiosity
the Silk Road
cultures
In the Ming Dynasty, seven large fleets 5._______ by Zheng He
6. ________ from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea, and then to the east coast of Africa for trade and exploration. To develop the historic Silk Road areas for the benefit of future trade and cultural exchange, China has launched the 7._______________ Initiative, whose aim is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the 8._________ between China and the rest of the world. China has also teamed up with other countries to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
led
set sail
Belt and Road
bonds
What achievements has China made in reaching out across the sea
What effects did China’s reaching out across the sea in the last past have on the world
What about other countries
In groups, discuss the following questions.
Which countries reached out across the sea in the past and why
What benefits and problems did those countries get from doing this
What effects did reaching out across the sea in the past have on the world
What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative
Make notes under two columns: Facts and Opinions.
Facts are statements that can be proven. Facts may be true or false.
事实是可以被证明或验证真伪的。韦伯斯特的词典对“fact”的定义是“anything that is done or happens; anything actually existent; any statement strictly true; truth; reality”
Facts （事实）
Opinions （观点）
Opinions are statements that cannot be proven.
Opinions can be argued. Opinions may be supported with facts.
观点是作者想要表达的思想或情感，它无法被证明是真实的还是虚假的，但可以获得一定的支持。作者在表达观点时，常常使用“I believe，generally，it is thought，it seems to，in my opinion”等或运用描述性的词语，如pretty，funny等以及表示比较的词语，如best，worst等。作者的观点可能是正确的，但也可能是错误的。
学会识别观点与事实，可以帮助我们在阅读时进行批判性的思考，使我们不会轻易地被读物的内容所误导。在写作时，恰当地运用事实和观点，还能使我们的文章更具有说服力。
Question Fact Opinion
Which countries reached out across the sea in the past and why
What benefits and problems did those countries get from doing this
European explores, China, India, Ceylon, African royal families;
for trade
The land and sea routes remained active channels between different cultures for centuries;
Generally speaking, the result was positive, as it advanced the spread of knowledge, technology, and goods, and made the world a smaller place.
Question Fact Opinion
What effects did reaching out across the sea in the past have on the world
What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative
The land and sea routes remained active channels between different cultures for centuries;
Generally speaking, the result was positive, as it advanced the spread of knowledge, technology, and goods, and made the world a smaller place.
Are there questions discussed on the same aspect
When you think about one historical or contemporary event, which aspects should you consider to gain a full understanding
Question Fact Opinion
What do you think is the significance of the Belt and Road Initiative
The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historical Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world
It will lead to greater integration with China and other countries.
As students what contributions could we make to the Belt and Road Initiative
Micro Forum on Sea Exploration
Name Micro Forum on China’s Sea Exploration
Content the effect brought by reaching out across the sea
the development of China’s sea exploration
the challenges that China is facing in sea exploration
the significance of the Belt and Road
Suppose you are an explorer. Make a travel plan for your next sea voyage( time, places, preparations, etc.)
Thank you!

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