资源简介 (共39张PPT)第十三章 简单句的五种基本句型【复习要求】1.运用简单句的结构(包括肯定式、否定式和疑问式)。2.运用简单句的五种基本句型。(1)主语+不及物动词(S+V)(2)主语+连系动词+表语(S+L+P)(3)主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O)(4)主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+O+O)(5)主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)【知识要点】按照结构划分,句子可以分为三种类型:简单句、并列句和复合句,其中简单句只由一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语动词(或并列谓语动词)构成。英语简单句由于所用的主要动词不同(即系动词、不及物动词和及物动词三种),就产生了不同的句子类型。一、主语+不及物动词(S+V),如:The moon rose slowly.Everybody laughed.二、主语+连系动词+表语(S+L+P),如:David became an engineer.They are students.三、主语+及物动词+宾语(S+V+O),如:Jane is reading a story-book.I love my parents.四、主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语(S+V+O+O)可以接双宾语的及物动词有ask,give,tell,teach等,如:Emma taught the children English.I sent her an E-mail.五、主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(S+V+O+C)可带这种复合宾语的及物动词有ask,tell,make,see,want,call等,如:I heard him singing in the hall.我听见他正在大厅里唱歌。We call this kind of machine computer.我们把这种机器称为电脑。【例题解析】( )1.Susan and I hard. A.works B.workingC.is working D.are working【答案】 D【解析】 本句考的是简单句中的主谓结构句型,即S+V结构,主语是Susan and I,根据主谓一致的原则,谓语动词应该用复数形式。所以答案选D。( )2.My family very big. A.is B.are C.be D.being【答案】 A【解析】 本句的结构是主系表结构,所要选择的是谓语动词。集体名词family,team,group,class等作主语时,若是看作整体,谓语动词用单数;若看作个体成员时,谓语动词用复数。如:The class has 25 boys.The class are learning to sing an English song.( )3.Jack gave . A.to her the flowers B.him to some picturesC.some pictures him D.her the flowers【答案】 D【解析】 有些及物动词可带两个宾语,如:give,send,lend,write,show,buy等,通常是表示“人”的间接宾语在前,表示“物”的直接宾语在后;如果反过来,即把表示“人”的间接宾语放在直接宾语之后,应在间接宾语前面加上介词to(或for),如:give sb.sth.或give sth.to sb.,所以正确答案为D。( )4.The number of the people invited to the party unknown. A.be B.is C.are D.are being【答案】 B【解析】 这是主系表结构的被动语态。The number of the people是句子的主语,它作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式;invited to the party是过去分词短语,作主语的定语。该题的答案是B。( )5.My father always wanted me a teacher. A.be B.being C.to be D.to being【答案】 C【解析】 本句的结构是主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语。根据want的用法:want sb.to do sth.,不定式to be a teacher作宾语补足语。【同步精练】( )1.The sun always in the east. A.raises B.raise C.rise D.rises【答案】 D【解析】主语为第三人称单数、时态为一般现在时的句子中,谓语动词要加“s”,或“es”。raise,rise 都有“上升”的意思,前者是及物动词,必须跟宾语,就是“某人把某物举起来”;后者是不及物动词,不能跟宾语,“某人、某物自己升起来”,特别用于太阳、月亮、星星等的升起。( )2.I found the book . A.interesting B.interestedC.interest D.interests【答案】 A【解析】本句是“S+V+O+C ”结构,要选择的是宾语补足语。因为宾语是the book,指物,所以要选interesting。( )3.He often his clothes on Sundays. A.washing B.washesC.has washed D.wash【答案】 B【解析】本句是“S+V+O”结构,要选择的是谓语。主语是第三人称单数,时间状语是often,所以要选一般现在时态。( )4.Mary to school. A.never walks B.is never walkingC.walks never D.never is walking【答案】 A【解析】 never可用于一般现在时、一般将来时态或现在完成时态的句子中,不用于进行时态中。never 放在实义动词前。( )5.We’ll make our school more . A.beauty B.beautifullyC.beautily D.beautiful【答案】 D【解析】 make+sth.+adj.,该句中形容词和前面的more一起构成比较级。( )6.You your homework. A.haven’t done B.have doingC.have not doing D.not done【答案】 A【解析】have/haven’t+过去分词,构成现在完成时。( )7.This is an important matter,so I need at least a day or two . A.of thinking over it B.to think it overC.of thinking it over D.to think over it【答案】 B【解析】it 是代词,只能放在动词think和副词over之间。不定式短语作状语。( )8.This dictionary doesn’t belong to . A.my B.mine C.me D.me own【答案】 C【解析】 作介词to 的宾语,所以要用宾格的形式。( )9.Our feeling was . A.the same as they B.same as theirsC.same as they D.the same as theirs【答案】 D【解析】same 前面必须要加定冠词the。在英语中必须是同类事物才能比较,在本句中,是“我们的感情”和“他们的(感情)”进行比较。( )10.Please write the new words your paper. A.in;on B.up;in C.off;at D.down;on【答案】 D【解析】 write down “写下”,on your paper “在你的纸上”。( )11.I have much work today. A.to be done B.doingC.be done D.to do【答案】 D【解析】不定式to do 作 much work的定语。( )12.Tell Bob any noise here.We’re doing our homework. A.don’t make B.not makingC.not make D.not to make【答案】 D【解析】 tell sb.to do sth.,tell sb.not to do sth.。( )13.—Do you like the material —Yes,it feels very . A.soften B.softenly C.soft D.softly【答案】 C【解析】 feel 是连系动词,后面要求接形容词作表语。( )14.—What happens to your shoes —They want . A.to mend B.being mendedC.mending D.mended【答案】 C【解析】 want+V ing,主动的形式表示被动的意思,“他们需要被修理”。( )15.Reading books every day a good habit in learning a language. A.was B.were C.is D.are【答案】 C【解析】reading books是一个动名词短语,作主语时,要当作是第三人称单数,谓语动词也要用单数的形式。该句中无明确的表示过去的时间状语,所以用一般现在时。( )16.You must keep your classroom and tidy. A.to clean B.cleaning C.cleaned D.clean【答案】 D【解析】 因为tidy 是一个形容词,所以and 前也应该是一个形容词。clean 既可以用作动词,也可用作形容词。( )17.—I don’t like chicken fish very much. —I don’t like chicken, I like fish very much. A.and;and B.and;but C.or;and D.or;but【答案】 D【解析】在一个否定句中,连接两个并列成分要用or; 第二个选项是表示意思上的转折,所以用but。( )18.We to school on Sunday. A.needn’t going B.needn’t to goC.don’t need go D.needn’t go【答案】 D【解析】 need 既可以用作实义动词,又可以用作情态动词。它的否定形式分别是:don’t need to或needn’t。( )19.Those desks are made of wood, A.isn’t it B.aren’t thoseC.aren’t they D.are they【答案】 C【解析】反义疑问句中,陈述部分用肯定,反问部分用否定,主语要用代词来代替。( )20.Without the Communist Party of China, new China. A.there were not B.there would be noC.there will be D.there hadn’t been【答案】 B【解析】从句部分是用介词短语代替的条件状语从句,主句部分是用与现在事实相反的虚拟语气的形式。( )21.To answer correctly is more important than . A.that you finish B.finishing quicklyC.to finish quickly D.finish quickly【答案】 C【解析】在该句中比较的是两个不定式短语。( )22.Please remember the letter on your way to school. A.sending B.to send C.sent D.to sent【答案】 B【解析】 remember+to do“记得要做”,remember+V ing“记得做了”。( )23.This morning Tom arrived late . A.as usually B.as usualC.like usually D.like usual【答案】 B【解析】 固定搭配:as usual “像往常一样”。( )24.It is really kind . A.of you to say so B.for you to say soC.of you saying so D.for you saying so【答案】 A【解析】句型:It’s+adj.+of sb.+to do sth.。( )25.Almost everyone fails the driving test on the first try. A.passing B.to have passedC.to pass D.by passing【答案】 C【解析】 fail to do sth. “未能做到某事”。( )26.This word may be used both as a noun as a verb. A.as well B.nor C.and D.or【答案】 C【解析】 both...and...“两者……都……”。( )27.We fear hardship death. A.neither;nor B.neither;orC.either;or D.not both;and【答案】 A【解析】either...or...“或者……或者……”“要么……要么……”, neither...nor...“既不……也不……”。( )28.You had better keep it dry it will get rotten. A.and B.but C.or D.yet【答案】 C【解析】 or “否则”,表示意思上的转折。( )29.Lenin was very busy then he still gave much of his time to his studies. A.or B.but C.only D.when【答案】 B【解析】 but “但是”,表示意思上的转折。( )30.Mr.John was busy, he could not come. A.but B.therefore C.and D.not【答案】 B【解析】 therefore “因此”,表结果。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览