资源简介

2025中考短文填空专项训练-环境保护
简介：
一、特色亮点
主题聚焦：以环境保护为主题，涵盖多个与环保相关的方面，如水资源保护、垃圾分类、清洁能源等，使学生在学习英语的同时，增强环保意识。
实用性强：提供的环保建议和方法具有很强的实用性，如节约用水的方法、垃圾分类的规则等，学生可以将所学知识应用到日常生活中，培养良好的环保习惯。
文化拓展：介绍不同国家和地区的环保措施和文化，如日本的垃圾分类规则、中国的长江保护法等，拓宽学生的国际视野，培养跨文化意识。
情感教育：通过讲述作者对长江的热爱以及成为长江守护者的愿望，激发学生对自然环境的热爱和保护之情，培养学生的社会责任感和使命感。
二、适用对象
学生：作为英语学习的辅助材料，帮助学生提高英语阅读和写作能力，同时增强环保意识，培养良好的环保习惯。
教师：可作为教学资源，用于课堂教学或课外拓展活动，帮助教师丰富教学内容，激发学生的学习兴趣和环保意识。
一、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
You may have heard the saying “The Yangtze River is China’s mother river.” The Yangtze is almost 6, 400 km long. It is the world’s third 1 (long) river.
I love the Yangtze River, my great mother river. Our hometown is Caidian District (区域), Wuhan City. Not far 2 my home is the tributary (支流) Han river of the Yangtze River. 3 summer was hot, my little friend and I often went to Hanyang Dock (汉阳码头) to enjoy the cool. We stood on the steps of the dock near the water of Han River and kicked the water. The river water was clean and cool. In the evening, there were many people 4 (sit) on the steps to relax.
Now the “mother river” is in great need of 5 (protect) because something is wrong with it. Because of overfishing and water pollution, the river’s Chinese Paddlefish (白鲟) has died out after keeping alive for 150 million 6 (year). The water of the Yangtze River has become much 7 (dirty) than before.
On Dec. 26, 2020, Chinese government 8 (pass) the Yangtze River Protection Law, which took effect (效应) on March 1, 2021. It is the 9 (one) law to protect a waterway in China. In March, 2023, I joined in 10 activity of “The Yangtze River Protection” in our school. There is a water quality monitoring laboratory (水质监测实验室) in our school. I want to be a guardian (卫士) of the Yangtze River.
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内所给单词的适当形式。
In Japan, throwing away rubbish is taken very seriously, and there are strict rules for sorting (分类) your rubbish. People have to put waste in groups like cans, plastics and glass, and different kinds of rubbish 11 (collect) on different days each month. The rules can change depending on where you live.
In Oita city, 12 example, people have to put rubbish in designated (指定的) yellow rubbish bags and rubbish put in other bags won’t be collected. In Kamikatsu, 13 town in Shikoku, people living there have to sort rubbish into 45 types.
But in Fukushima city, the rules will get even 14 (strict). Starting from April 2025, city workers 15 (check) rubbish bags that break the rules, such as being too big or being sorted incorrectly. 16 the rules are broken, the name of the rubbish-owner might be made public. Unsorted rubbish bags are left uncollected, and workers put stickers on 17 (they) to let the owners know they need to sort the rubbish. The owner will get a warning at the 18 (one) time, but if they break the rules again, their name will be put on the city’s website.
In 2023, there were over 9,000 cases of rubbish not being sorted 19 (correct) in Fukushima. Unsorted rubbish attracts 20 (bird), which open the bags and take rubbish everywhere. Poorly sorted rubbish also fills up landfills (垃圾填埋场), which creates problems for future life. Therefore, rubbish sorting is very important.
Are you looking for ways to spend Earth Day on 22 April Here 21 (be) some fun things you can do.
First, instead of taking a bus or car, walk more often. If your home is too far, ride a bike.
Second, spending time in nature is 22 easy and fun way to spend Earth Day! You can enjoy the great outdoor activities like 23 (have) a beach day with your friends.
Third, pick up rubbish in the parks. Taking a moment to pick up any rubbish you see as you’re out is 24 (real) useful.
Fourth, you can sell used things. Some old things of yours can still be 25 (help) to other people. And if you have old clothes, old books, or other old things, why not give 26 (they) to other people
Last, plant a tree. Planting a tree only needs a few 27 (minute), but it can be good for the environment for many years. Trees are important because they help fight pollution. Besides, they provide wildlife 28 homes. See if there is a tree-planting activity and join in. Find the best planting place to meet the trees’ needs, dig a hole 29 water the tree well to give it a good start.
Earth Day can be every day! Just do one small thing every day to support the environment. It doesn’t have to be something 30 (usual). Small changes of yours will make a difference.
语法填空
Trees are everywhere around us, but we often don’t care about them. These 31 (silence) friends are very important for all the living things on Earth. Forests are full 32 different animals, insects and plants. They are like homes for them.
Trees are like air cleaners in nature. They take in bad greenhouse gases, like carbon dioxide, and give out oxygen. So they help make the air 33 (clean) for everyone on the earth.
Trees are important for nature, and they also make our 34 (day) lives better and 35 (convenient). Many things we use every day, like paper and pencils, and most of the furniture in our homes, come from trees. Also, trees give us lots of yummy fruits and nice drinks. For example, we can make tea with the 36 (leaf) of tea trees.
37 (sad), people are hurting trees. People 38 (cut) down a lot of trees around the world, and air and water pollution is making things worse for trees. These problems are really bad for 39 (we) environment.
It’s time for us to do something. We must work harder 40 (protect) trees. Trees are important for our lives now and the future of our planet.
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Do you know how to 41 (proper) throw garbage away Into the garbage can of course, you might answer. But things are not that simple.
After you dump (扔) your trash, it doesn’t just sit in the garbage can. People have to collect the waste and move it to landfills (垃圾填埋场). There, people sort (分类) the waste and decide whether to burn, bury (埋) or recycle it. It 42 (take) lots of time and work for many people. So if we can sort our garbage before 43 (throw) it away, we can make 44 big difference.
Each year, China creates around 300 million tons of garbage. Less than a quarter of the waste 45 (recycle). Most garbage is buried in landfills or burned without being sorted. Landfills take up a lot of space in cities. It can also pollute the nearby soil and water.
Things in developed countries are much 46 (good), thanks to their sorting systems.
In Japan, for example, there 47 (be) strict rules for dumping garbage. One has to put the right garbage in the right place at the right time. The garbage is usually sorted into eight categories (类别): burnable, non-burnable, plastic bottles, recyclable plastic, other plastic, paper, harmful rubbish and then hard rubbish 48 desks and old TV sets.
China has been promoting garbage sorting in recent years. Beijing, for example, 49 (start) a promotion plan next year. According to the plan, people get WeChat bonus points (积分) by sorting out garbage. They can later exchange the points for shopping cards 50 even cash!
阅读下面短文，根据语境或所给单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个恰当的词，要求所填的词意义准确、形式正确，使短文意思完整，行文连贯。
Water is very important in our life. We use it every day. We drink water, cook with it and use it 51 (clean) things. But the amount of water on the earth is limited. So we should 52 (save) water. In our daily life, we can do many things 53 (help) save water. For example, when we brush our teeth, we should turn 54 the tap. We can also reuse water. After washing clothes, we can use the water 55 (water) the flowers. Some people get water from the river or the 56 (lake). But in some places, people have to get water from the underground. They need 57 (dig) wells. We should be 58 (care) with water and not waste it. If we all work together, we can make a 59 (different). Saving water is saving our 60 (planet).
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
How can we stop climate change How can we stop air 61 (pollute) How can we live 62 a green planet One way is to use clean energy. Clean energy does not harm 63 Earth. It never runs out. Energy from the Sun is clean. We just need to learn how to get and store more of it.
Plants use energy from the Sun. They use it 64 (turn) water and air into sugar. The sugar can be used as food. Scientists know a lot about 65 plants make food. Some scientists want to get energy from the Sun like plants do. They want to make a machine that can use sunlight to make fuel (燃料) from water.
Water 66 (make) up of two different parts. Breaking water into its parts 67 (be) hard. Plants do it all the time, though. It is part of how they make food. With energy from the Sun, the new machine will break water into 68 (it) parts. One of the parts will be used as fuel. Then the fuel is used to make electricity (电). The electricity can power cars, 69 (house), and so on. This fuel is 70 (good) for the Earth than gasoline (汽油). It does not pollute the air.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Recycling is important for reducing waste and protecting the environment. However, many people still find it difficult to deal 71 their waste properly. The new intelligent (智能的) waste recycling machine in Shanghai is a great way to solve this problem. It makes it much 72 (easy) for people to manage their waste.
The machine is quite 73 (use) and can recycle four main kinds of waste: fabric (织物), metal, paper, and plastic. Anyone will get paid in less than 2 minutes if he or she simply 74 (throw) recyclable waste into the machine. This not only encourages people to recycle 75 also helps to reduce the amount of waste that ends up in landfills.
The machine has been 76 (see) in some communities. Aunt Yu, one of the locals, said that the workers taught them how to use the machine. Now, they can complete the recycling process by following a few 77 (step).
Our planet is facing many environmental challenges, and it is up to all of 78 (we) to take action to build a greener future. By using this kind of machine, we can make a good influence on the environment and make an effort 79 (create) a more sustainable (可持续的) future.
All in all, the new waste recycling machine is 80 example of using technology to protect the environment. Let us all do our part to reduce waste and build a greener future.
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Imagine not having clean water to drink every day. This is a real problem for about two billion people in the world. People stick to 81 (look) for safe water all the time. To help solve this difficult problem, many smart 82 (scientist), like Emily Tianshi, are working hard.
Emily 83 (grow) up in southern California. During a hike, she saw a kind of pine (松树) called the Torrey pine. Emily became 84 (interest) in it. The weather in southern California is dry all year round, 85 the Torrey pines are still able to grow very well.
When she was 13 years old, Emily began to study Torrey pines. She learned how these leaves of the trees take in water 86 the air. Emily made a device (设备) called Torrent. The device looks like the thin leaves of a Torrey pine. Over the years, Emily has tried her best to make the device work 87 (good).
Now, together with her elder brother Kyle, Emily has also started 88 project about water problems, called “clear water innovation”. She 89 (wish) to encourage kids to try to solve these problems. “Nature is 90 (I) teacher for many things, ” the girl said, “and I can learn something from her and do something for her, too.”
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或用括号内所给词的正确形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯。
Unseen but there
Microplastics (微塑料) are very small. But they bring big problems. 91 new study (研究) said that by 2040, microplastic pollution could be twice as bad as it is now. Scientists learned this by looking at twenty 92 (year) of studies on microplastics.
Microplastics come from many places. For example, about 60 percent of material made into clothes is plastic. Every time they are washed, they shed (掉落) microplastics. When water bottles and other big plastic things 93 (leave) outside, they break down slowly into microplastics.
According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually 94 (little) than five millimeters in size. This small size lets them go everywhere, even in water and air. They don’t break down 95 (easy) and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years.
This can be bad 96 our health. Last August, The Conversation reported that scientists 97 (find) microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. They may hurt brain cells (细胞) and change how the brain 98 (work) .
Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the ocean. They are too small to be seen, 99 fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick.
100 (deal) with the problem, scientists think the best solution right now is to make and use less plastic.
The world is not hungry, but it is thirsty. It 101 (seem) strange that nearly 3/4 of the earth is covered 102 water while we say we are short of (短缺) water. Why Because about 97% of water on the earth is sea water which we can’t drink or 103 (use) for watering plants directly (直接地) . Man can only drink and use the other 3% of the water that comes 104 rivers and lakes. And we can’t even use all of that, because some of it is 105 (pollute).
Now more water is needed. The problem is: Can we avoid (避免) a serious water shortage later on First, we should all learn how 106 (save) water. Turn the tap off while 107 (brush) your teeth, washing your hands, doing the dishes, and so on. Second, we should find 108 the ways to reuse it. Scientists always make studies in the field. Today, in most large 109 (city) water is used only once and then runs to the sea or rivers. But it can be used again. Even if (即使) every large city reused 110 (it) water, still there would not be enough. From now on, everyone should save the water.
Data shows that 2024 was the hottest year since 1961. The average temperature in the country reached 10.92°C last year, which is 1.03°C higher than the usual average, according to 111 (office) records.
Global warming is the main reason for China’s higher-than-normal temperatures. So far, it 112 (cause) rising sea levels, melting glaciers, and more extreme weather, 113 (include) longer heat waves and fewer cold days. The El Ni o phenomenon—the warming of water in the Pacific Ocean—also adds to rising temperatures. During the later stages of 114 El Ni o event, global temperatures usually rise, making global warming 115 (bad) and causing more extreme weather.
A l°C rise in temperature has a strong influence on nature. Sea levels may rise by 2.3 meters over time, threatening coastal areas. Warmer temperatures also harm wild crops and bring more pests. Some animals and plants may die out 116 they cannot adapt (适应) quickly enough.
117 (ill) related to heat, like heatstroke (中暑) and heat exhaustion (热衰竭), are becoming more common. Longer heat waves lead to higher death rates, showing the need for better healthcare and measures to prevent harm.
The year 2025 seems to continue with higher-than-normal temperatures. 118 New Year’s Day, temperatures in areas south of the Yangtze River were over 15°C, far from the cold 119 (usual) expected in winter.
120 (deal) with these problems, experts suggest developing technology to track and predict extreme weather, like heat waves, to reduce risks and improve preparedness.
《短文填空-环境保护》参考答案
1．longest 2．from 3．When 4．sitting 5．protection 6．years 7．dirtier 8．passed 9．first 10．the
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者对长江的热爱以及长江面临的污染问题，同时介绍了中国政府为保护长江所采取的措施，并表达了作者成为长江守护者的愿望。
1．句意：它是世界第三长的河流。根据“the world’s third”可知，此处表示“第三长的”，应用形容词最高级形式。故填longest。
2．句意：离我家不远的是长江的支流汉江。根据“Not far…my home”可知，此处表示“离……不远”，应用介词from。故填from。
3．句意：当夏天很热的时候，我和我的小伙伴经常去汉阳码头乘凉。根据“…summer was hot”可知，此处表示“当……时候”，应用连词When。故填When。
4．句意：晚上，有许多人坐在台阶上放松。根据“there were many people…on the steps”可知，此处表示“坐在台阶上”，应用现在分词sitting作后置定语。故填sitting。
5．句意：现在，“母亲河”急需保护，因为它出了问题。根据“in great need of…”可知，此处表示“需要保护”，应用名词protection。故填protection。
6．句意：由于过度捕捞和水污染，长江的白鲟在存活了1.5亿年后已经灭绝。根据“150 million…”可知，此处表示“1.5亿年”，应用名词复数years。故填years。
7．句意：长江的水比以前脏多了。根据“much…than before”可知，此处表示“比……更脏”，应用形容词比较级dirtier。故填dirtier。
8．句意：2020年12月26日，中国政府通过了《长江保护法》，该法于2021年3月1日生效。根据“On Dec. 26, 2020”可知，此处表示过去发生的动作，应用动词过去式passed。故填passed。
9．句意：这是中国第一部保护水道的法律。根据“the…law”可知，此处表示“第一部”，应用序数词first。故填first。
10．句意：2023年3月，我参加了我们学校的“长江保护”活动。根据“activity of ‘The Yangtze River Protection’”可知，此处表示“长江保护”这项活动，应用定冠词the。故填the。
11．are collected 12．for 13．a 14．stricter 15．will check 16．If 17．them 18．first 19．correctly 20．birds
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了日本对垃圾分类有严格的规定，不同地区规定不同，并重点介绍了福岛市从 2025 年 4 月开始实施的更严格的垃圾分类规则，以及不分类垃圾带来的问题，强调垃圾分类的重要性。
11．句意：人们必须把垃圾分成诸如易拉罐、塑料和玻璃等类别，并且每个月的不同日子会收集不同种类的垃圾。句子主语 “different kinds of rubbish”和谓语动词 collect“收集”之间是被动关系，且句子陈述的是一般性事实，用一般现在时，一般现在时被动语态结构为 “am/is/are + 过去分词”，主语是复数，所以用 are collected。故填are collected。
12．句意：例如，在大分市，人们必须把垃圾放在指定的黄色垃圾袋里，放在其他袋子里的垃圾将不会被收集。for example是固定短语，意为 “例如”。故填for。
13．句意：在四国的一个小镇上胜浦，住在那里的人们必须把垃圾分成 45 种类型。根据“In Kamikatsu, ... town in Shikoku”可知，这里表示 “一个小镇”，表泛指，town是可数名词单数，且town发音以辅音音素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
14．句意：但在福岛市，这些规定将会变得更严格。根据“But in Fukushima city ...”可知，此处But表示转折，说明福岛市的规定与前文提到的其他地方的规定情况有所不同，even“甚至”常用来修饰比较级，strict“严格的”的比较级是 “stricter”，表示 “更严格的”，符合语境。故填stricter。
15．句意：从 2025 年 4 月开始，城市工作人员将检查那些违反规定的垃圾袋，比如太大或者分类不正确的。根据 “Starting from April 2025” 可知，这里说的是将来的事情，用一般将来时，结构 “will + 动词原形”，表示将来某个时间要发生的动作，所以用 will check。故填will check。
16．句意：如果这些规定被违反了，垃圾所有者的名字可能会被公开。根据“... the rules are broken, the name of the rubbish-owner might be made public.”可知，两个分句基本结构完整，“the rules are broken” 是 “the name of the rubbish-owner might be made public”的条件，所以用 if 引导条件状语从句，句首单词首字母大写。故填If。
17．句意：未分类的垃圾袋不会被收集，工作人员会在它们上面贴上标签，让主人知道他们需要对垃圾进行分类。on 是介词，介词后接宾格形式，they 的宾格是 them，指代 “Unsorted rubbish bags”。故填them。
18．句意：主人第一次会收到一个警告，但如果他们再次违反规定，他们的名字将会被公布在城市的网站上。根据“The owner will get a warning at the ... time, but if they break the rules again...”可知，这里表示“第几次”，需用序数词，one的序数词是first。故填first。
19．句意：2023 年，在福岛有超过 9000 起垃圾没有被正确分类的情况。这里修饰动词 “being sorted”，应该用副词，correct的副词形式是correctly。故填correctly。
20．句意：未分类的垃圾会吸引鸟类，它们会打开垃圾袋并把垃圾弄得到处都是。bird“鸟”是可数名词，这里表示泛指的鸟类，用复数形式birds。故填birds。
21．are 22．an 23．having 24．really 25．helpful 26．them 27．minutes 28．with 29．and 30．unusual
【导语】本文主要介绍了在4月22日度过地球日可以做的一些有趣的事情。
21．句意：这是一些你可以做的有趣的事情。本句时态是一般现在时，根据主语things可知，应用动词be的复数形式are。故填are。
22．句意：第二，花时间在大自然是一个度过地球日的容易而有趣的方式！分析句子结构可知，此处应填一个不定冠词，泛指一个容易而有趣的方式，easy发音以元音音素开头，用an。故填an。
23．句意：你可以享受户外活动，比如和你的朋友在沙滩上度过一天。介词like后接动名词作宾语。故填having。
24．句意：出去的时候花点时间捡起你看到的任何垃圾都是真有用的。分析句子结构可知，应填所给形容词real的副词形式really“真正地”，作状语，修饰形容词useful。故填really。
25．句意：你的一些旧东西仍然可以对别人有帮助。分析句子结构可知，应填所给名词help的形容词词形式helpful“有帮助的”，作表语，be helpful to“对……有帮助”。故填helpful。
26．句意：如果你有旧衣服、旧书或其他旧东西，为什么不把它们送给别人呢？分析句子结构可知，应填所给人称代词they的宾格形式them“它们”，作动词give的宾语。故填them。
27．句意：种树只需要几分钟，但它可以对环境有多年的好处。a few后面接可数名词复数形式。故填minutes。
28．句意：此外，它们为野生动物提供家园。provide sb with sth“给某人提供某物”。故填with。
29．句意：寻找最佳的满足树木的需求的种植地点，挖个洞并给树好好浇水，以给它一个好的开始。分析句子结构可知，“Find the best planting place”、“dig a hole”和“water the tree”三个动作并列，所以用连词and“和、并且”连接。故填and。
30．句意：不一定是什么不寻常的事。分析句子结构可知，应填所给形容词unusual的反义词unusual“不寻常的”，作后置定语，修饰空前的something。故填unusual。
31．silent 32．of 33．clean 34．daily 35．more convenient 36．leaves 37．Sadly 38．are cutting 39．our 40．to protect
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了树木的重要性，包括对地球生物的重要性、对日常生活的改善，同时指出人们砍伐树木以及环境污染对树木造成的伤害，呼吁人们要更加努力地保护树木。
31．句意：这些安静的朋友对地球上所有的生物都非常重要。根据“Trees are everywhere around us, but we often don’t care about them.”可知，这里描述树木的特点，silence是名词，“silent”是其形容词，意为“安静的”，修饰名词“friends”，符合语境。故填silent。
32．句意：森林里充满了不同的动物、昆虫和植物。“be full of”意为“充满”，所以此处应用“of”。故填of。
33．句意：所以它们有助于让地球上的每个人都能呼吸到清洁的空气。“make sth. + 形容词”表示“使某物处于某种状态”，“clean”本身就有“干净的，清洁的”意思，说明树木能让空气保持清洁的状态。故填clean。
34．句意：树木对自然很重要，它们也让我们的日常生活更好、更方便。“day”是名词，“daily”是形容词，意为“日常的”，“daily lives”表示“日常生活”，符合语境。故填daily。
35．句意：树木对自然很重要，它们也让我们的日常生活更好、更方便。“better”提示这里要用比较级，“convenient”是多音节形容词，其比较级是“more convenient”，表示“更方便的”。故填more convenient。
36．句意：例如，我们可以用茶树的叶子泡茶。“leaf”是可数名词，这里指茶树的所有叶子，要用复数形式，“leaf”的复数是“leaves”。故填leaves。
37．句意：可悲的是，人们正在伤害树木。sad“伤心的”，形容词，“sadly”是副词，意为“可悲地，伤心地”，在句首作状语，修饰整个句子，符合语境。故填Sadly。
38．句意：全世界的人们正在砍伐大量树木，并且空气和水污染正让树木的情况变得更糟。根据“and air and water pollution is making things worse for trees”可知，这里用现在进行时，表示正在进行的动作，其结构是“be + 动词的现在分词”，主语“People”是复数，“cut”的现在分词是“cutting”，所以填“are cutting”。故填are cutting。
39．句意：这些问题真的对我们的环境有害。“environment”是名词，前面要用形容词性物主代词修饰，“we”是人称代词主格，其形容词性物主代词是“our”，表示“我们的”。故填our。
40．句意：我们必须更加努力地保护树木。“work hard to do sth.”意为“努力做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式“to protect”作目的状语。故填to protect。
41．properly 42．takes 43．throwing 44．a 45．is recycled 46．better 47．are 48．like 49．will start 50．or
【导语】本文主要讲述垃圾处理问题。呼吁大家进行垃圾分类。
41．句意：你知道如何正确地扔垃圾吗？根据“Do you know how to…throw garbage away ”可知，properly “正确地”符合句意，副词修饰动词throw。故填properly。
42．句意：处理垃圾需要花费很多时间和人力。根据“It…lots of time and work for many people.”可知，takes“花费”符合句意，第三人称单数做主语，谓语动词用单三形式takes。故填takes。
43．句意：所以如果我们在扔垃圾之前进行分类，我们可以产生很大的影响。根据“So if we can sort our garbage before…it away”可知，throwing away“扔”，动词短语，介词后动词用动名词形式。故填throwing。
44．句意：所以如果我们在扔垃圾之前进行分类，我们可以产生很大的影响。根据“we can make…big difference.”可知，a“一个”符合句意，make a big difference“有巨大的影响”，固定搭配。故填a。
45．句意：不到四分之一的垃圾被回收。根据“Less than a quarter of the waste…”可知，应用被动态表示垃圾被回收，waste 是不可数名词，be动词用is，is recycled “被回收”符合句意。故填is recycled。
46．句意：发达国家的情况要好得多，这要归功于他们的分拣系统。根据“Things in developed countries are much…”可知，此处表达更好，better“更好”符合句意。故填better。
47．句意：例如，在日本，有严格的垃圾处理规定。根据“In Japan, for example, there…strict rules for dumping garbage.”可知，此处是there be句型，strict rules 是复数形式，所以be动词用are。故填are。
48．句意：垃圾通常分为八类：可燃、不可燃、塑料瓶、可回收塑料、其他塑料、纸张、有害垃圾，然后是像桌子和旧电视机这样的硬垃圾。根据“hard rubbish…desks and old TV sets.”可知，like“像”，空后对于空前进行举例。故填like。
49．句意：例如，北京明年将启动一项推广计划。根据“Beijing, for example, …a promotion plan next year.”可知，此句时态为一般将来时，will start“将启动”符合句意。故填will start。
50．句意：他们可以用积分兑换购物卡甚至现金！根据“They can later exchange the points for shopping cards…even cash!”可知，or“或者”符合句意，表示前后可供选择。故填or。
51．to clean 52．save 53．to help 54．off 55．to water 56．lake 57．to dig 58．careful 59．difference 60．planet
【导语】本文主要讲述了水在生活中的重要性以及节约用水的方法。
51．句意：我们喝水，用它做饭，用它来清洁东西。use sth to do“使用某物做某事”，空处填动词不定式。clean“清洁”，动词，其不定式为to clean。故填to clean。
52．句意：所以我们应该节约用水。空处位于情态动词should后，填动词原形。save“节约”，动词，故填save。
53．句意：在我们的日常生活中，我们可以做很多事情来帮助节约用水。根据“we can do many things”可知，做许多事情的目的是节约用水。空处填动词不定式表目的。help“帮助”，动词，其不定式为to help。故填to help。
54．句意：当我们刷牙时，我们应该关掉水龙头。此处指节约用水的行为，刷牙时要关闭水龙头。turn off“关闭”，固定搭配。故填off。
55．句意：洗完衣服后，我们可以用水来浇花。use sth to do“使用某物做某事”，空处填动词不定式。water“浇水”，动词，其不定式为to water。故填to water。
56．句意：有些人从河流或湖泊中取水。空处和river由or连接，共同作宾语。lake“湖泊”，可数名词，此处指从特定的某个湖泊取水，用单数名词。故填lake。
57．句意：他们需要挖井。need to do sth“需要做某事”，空处填动词不定式。dig“挖”，动词，其不定式为to dig。故填to dig。
58．句意：我们应该小心用水，不要浪费它。空处位于be后，修饰We，填形容词作表语。根据“not waste it”可知，用水要小心。care“小心”，名词，形容词为careful“小心的”。故填careful。
59．句意：如果我们共同努力，我们可以做出改变。空处位于a后，填可数名词单数。different“不同的”，形容词，名词为difference“不同之处”，make a difference“有影响，有所作为”。故填difference。
60．句意：节约用水就是拯救我们的星球。空处位于our后，填名词作宾语。planet“星球”，可数名词，此处指我们生活的这个星球，用单数名词。故填planet。
61．pollution 62．on 63．the 64．to turn 65．how 66．is made 67．is 68．its 69．houses 70．better
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何阻止气候变化、空气污染，以及使用清洁能源的内容。
61．句意：我们如何才能阻止空气污染？根据“How can we stop air (pollute)”可知，此处需名词形式。pollute的名词形式是pollution，故填pollution。
62．句意：我们如何才能在一个绿色星球上生活？根据“live...a green planet”可知，live与星球搭配时用介词on，live on“居住……”，故填on。
63．句意：清洁能源不会伤害地球。根据“harm...Earth”可知，Earth作为专有名词指代“地球”时必须加定冠词the，故填the。
64．句意：它们用这些能量将水和空气转化为糖分。根据“use it...water”可知，此处使用“use sth to do”结构表目的，故填to turn。
65．句意：科学家对植物如何制造养料非常了解。根据“about...plants make food”可知，此处引导宾语从句表方式，需疑问副词how，故填how。
66．句意：水由两种不同的成分组成。根据“Water...(make) up of”可知，此处是被动语态be made up of“由……组成”，主语water为单数，故填is made。
67．句意：将水分解成其成分很困难，但植物却始终在进行这个过程。根据“Breaking water...hard”可知，动名词短语作主语时谓语用单数，故填is。
68．句意：借助太阳的能量，这种新机器将把水分解成其成分。根据“break water into...parts”可知，此处需形容词性物主代词its修饰名词parts，故填its。
69．句意：这种电可以为汽车、房屋等提供动力。根据“power cars...(house)”可知，此处与cars并列，需名词复数，故填houses。
70．句意：这种燃料比汽油更有利于地球。根据“...for the Earth than gasoline”可知，此处为比较级结构，good的比较级是better，故填better。
71．with 72．easier 73．useful 74．throws 75．but 76．seen 77．steps 78．us 79．to create 80．an
【导语】本文主要介绍了一款新型废物回收机。
71．句意：然而，许多人仍然发现很难妥善处理他们的废物。deal with“处理”，故填with。
72．句意：它使人们更容易管理他们的废物。根据“much”可知，需要比较级，easier符合句意，故填easier。
73．句意：这台机器非常有用，可以回收四种主要的废物：织物、金属、纸张和塑料。根据“can recycle four main kinds of waste”可知，需要形容词作表语，useful符合句意，故填useful。
74．句意：只要把可回收垃圾扔进机器，任何人都可以在两分钟内拿到钱。根据“if”可知，if引导条件从句，从句时态是一般现在时，主语三单，throws符合句意，故填throws。
75．句意：这不仅鼓励人们回收利用，而且有助于减少最终进入垃圾填埋场的垃圾数量。not only...but also...“不但……而且……”，故填but。
76．句意：在一些社区已经看到了这种机器。根据“has been”可知，需要过去分词，seen符合句意，故填seen。
77．句意：现在，他们可以通过以下几个步骤完成回收过程。根据“following a few”可知，需要名词复数，steps符合句意，故填steps。
78．句意：我们的星球正面临着许多环境挑战，我们所有人都应该采取行动，建设一个更绿色的未来。根据“all of”可知，需要人称宾格，故填us。
79．句意：通过使用这种机器，我们可以对环境产生良好的影响，并努力创造一个更可持续的未来。make an effort to do sth“努力做某事”，故填to create。
80．句意：总而言之，新的废物回收机是利用技术保护环境的一个例子。根据“example of”可知，需要不定冠词表示泛指，example是元音音素开头，故填an。
81．looking 82．scientists 83．grew 84．interested 85．but 86．from 87．better 88．a 89．wishes 90．my
【导语】本文主要讲述了艾米丽为了帮助解决缺水问题，发明了一种叫做Torrent的设备。
81．句意：人们一直坚持寻找安全的饮用水。根据“stick to”可知本题考查stick to doing sth，意为“坚持做某事”，look动词，需用动名词形式looking。故填looking。
82．句意：为了帮助解决这个难题，许多聪明的科学家，如Emily Tianshi，正在努力工作。many后接可数名词复数，scientist“科学家”，可数名词，复数形式为scientists。故填scientists。
83．句意：艾米丽在南加州长大。根据“Emily...up in southern California.During a hike, she saw a kind of pine called the Torrey pine.”可知讲述的是过去的事情，用一般过去时，grow的过去式是grew。故填grew。
84．句意：爱米丽对它产生了兴趣。根据“Emily became...in it.”及提示词可知此处考查became interested in意为“对……产生兴趣”。故填interested。
85．句意：南加州的天气一年四季干燥，但托里松仍然能够长得很好。根据“The weather in southern California is dry all year round...the Torrey pines are still able to grow very well.”可知前半句说“南加州的天气全年干旱”，后半句说这种松树仍然长得很好，前后是转折关系，所以用but。故填but。
86．句意：她了解到这些树叶是如何从空气中吸收水分的。根据“take in water...the air.”可知此处表示“从空气中吸收水分”，考查take in...from...“从……中吸收……”。故填from。
87．句意：多年来，艾米丽尽了最大的努力使这个设备工作得更好。根据“Over the years, Emily has tried her best to make the device work...”可知，work动词，需用副词修饰，且此处暗含比较，应用比较级。故填better。
88．句意：现在，艾米丽和她的哥哥凯尔也开启了一个关于水问题的项目，名为“清水创新”。根据“Emily has also started...project about water problems”可知此处泛指一个项目，用不定冠词，project以辅音因素开头，用不定冠词a。故填a。
89．句意：她希望鼓励孩子们尝试解决这些问题。根据“Now, together with her elder brother Kyle...to encourage kids to try to solve these problems.”及通读全文可知文章整体时态为一般现在时，主语She是第三人称单数，动词要用第三人称单数形式，wish的第三人称单数形式为wishes。故填wishes。
90．句意：“大自然在很多方面都是我的老师，”女孩说，“我可以向她学习，也可以为她做些事情。”根据“Nature is...teacher for many things, ”可知修饰名词teacher用形容词性物主代词，I“我”代词主格，形容词性物主代词为my。故填my。
91．A 92．years 93．are left 94．less 95．easily 96．for 97．found 98．works 99．so 100．To deal
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了微塑料的来源、危害以及科学家们提出的应对措施。
91．句意：一项新的研究表明，到2040年，微塑料污染可能会比现在严重两倍。 根据“…new study”可知，此处需要不定冠词，表示“一项新的研究”。故填A。
92．句意：科学家们通过研究二十年的微塑料研究得出了这一结论。 根据“twenty”可知，此处需要名词的复数形式，表示二十年的研究。故填years。
93．句意：当水瓶和其他大型塑料制品被留在外面时，它们会慢慢分解成微塑料。根据“water bottles and other big plastic”可知，此处主语“水瓶和其他大型塑料制品”和所给动词“遗留”之间是被动关系，需要被动语态，主语是复数，结合上文可知本文用一般现在时。故填are left。
94．句意：根据《国家地理》杂志，微塑料通常小于五毫米。根据“than”可知，此处需要比较级，表示“小于，比……更小”。故填less。
95．句意：它们不容易分解，可以在环境中存在数百年。根据“break down”可知，此处表示不容易分解，修饰动词，需要副词。故填easily。
96．句意：这对我们的健康可能有害。 be bad for表示“对……有害”，固定搭配。 故填for。
97．句意：去年八月，《对话》杂志报道，科学家们首次在人类大脑中发现了微塑料。根据“Last August, The Conversation reported that scientists…”可知，此处描述过去的事情需要使用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填found。
98．句意：它们可能会损害脑细胞并改变大脑的工作方式。根据“how the brain…”可知，此处指大脑是如何工作的，应用一般现在时，主语是第三人称单数，动词用单三。故填works。
99．句意：它们太小了，看不见，所以鱼可能会误食它们并生病。 根据“They are too small to be seen…fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick. ”可知，微塑料因为很小不能被看见，所以会被鱼误食，是因果关系。故填so。
100．句意：为了解决这个问题，科学家们认为目前最好的解决方案是减少塑料的生产和使用。根据“…deal with the problem”可知，此处表示目的，需要用不定式。 故填To deal。
101．seems 102．with 103．use 104．from 105．polluted 106．to save 107．brushing 108．out 109．cities 110．its
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了地球上的水资源现状以及如何应对水资源短缺的问题。文章指出，尽管地球表面大部分被水覆盖，但人类可用的淡水资源却非常有限。
101．句意：这似乎很奇怪，地球近3/4的面积被水覆盖，但我们却说我们缺水。全文时态是一般现在时，主语为“It”，谓语动词用三单形式。故填seems。
102．句意：这似乎很奇怪，地球近3/4的面积被水覆盖，但我们却说我们缺水。根据“ is covered ... water”可知，此处是固定短语be covered with表示“被……覆盖”，故填with。
103．句意：因为地球上97%的水是海水，我们不能直接饮用或用于浇灌植物。根据“can’t drink”可知，此处需用动词原形，故填use。
104．句意：人类只能饮用和使用来自河流和湖泊的另外3%的水。根据“comes...rivers and lakes”可知，此处指水来源于河流和湖泊，come from表示“来自”，固定短语故填from。
105．句意：我们不能使用所有这些水，因为其中一些被污染了。根据“it is”可知，主语是谓语pollute之间是被动关系，所以此处需用过去分词polluted表示被动，故填polluted。
106．句意：首先，我们都应该学会如何节约用水。根据“learn how...”可知，疑问词后跟不定式，此处需用动词不定式“to save”，故填to save。
107．句意：刷牙、洗手、洗碗等时关掉水龙头。根据“while...your teeth...”可知，此处省略了主语和谓语，所以需用现在分词，故填brushing。
108．句意：其次，我们应该找到再利用水的方法。根据“find...the ways to reuse it”可知，此处考查固定搭配find out表示“找到”，故填out。
109．句意：今天，在大多数大城市，水只使用一次，然后流入海洋或河流。根据“most ”可知，此处需用复数形式“cities”，故填cities。
110．句意：即使每个大城市都重复利用它的水，水还是不够用。空处修饰“water”可知，此处需用it的形容词性物主代词“its”表示“它的”，故填its。
111．official 112．has caused 113．including 114．an 115．worse 116．if 117．Illnesses 118．On 119．usually 120．To deal
【导语】这是一篇说明文，主要讲述了2024年成为自1961年以来最热的一年，全球变暖是导致中国气温高于正常水平的主要原因，并详细说明了全球变暖带来的各种影响和应对措施。
111．句意：根据官方记录，去年的平均气温达到了10.92°C，比通常的平均气温高出1.03°C。结合“records”可知，这样要填一个形容词，作定语，office的名词是official“官方的”。故填official。
112．句意：到目前为止，它已经导致了海平面上升、冰川融化和更极端的天气，包括更长的热浪和更少的寒冷天气。结合“So far”可知，这里的时态是现在完成时，其结构为has/have+done，且主语it是第三人称单数，所以助动词要用has。故填has caused。
113．句意：到目前为止，它已经导致了海平面上升、冰川融化和更极端的天气，包括更长的热浪和更少的寒冷天气。结合“...longer heat waves and fewer cold days.”可知，这里要填一个介词来引导一个补充说明的成分，表示包括的内容。故填including。
114．句意：在一个厄尔尼诺事件的后期，全球气温通常会上升，使全球变暖更加严重，并导致更多极端天气。结合“El Ni o event”表泛指单数，该处要填一个不定冠词，由于“El Ni o”以元音音素开头，故用“an”。故填an。
115．句意：在一个厄尔尼诺事件的后期，全球气温通常会上升，使全球变暖更加严重，并导致更多极端天气。结合“and causing more extreme weather.”可知，设空处需要一个形容词的比较级形式，bad的比较级是worse。故填worse。
116．句意：如果它们不能足够快地适应，一些动植物可能会灭绝。结合语境可知，设空处需要一个连词来引导一个条件状语从句，表示“如果”。故填if。
117．句意：与热有关的疾病，如中暑和热衰竭，正变得越来越常见。结合“like heatstroke (中暑) and heat exhaustion (热衰竭)”可知，这里是指一些疾病，所以该空要填illness的复数形式，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Illnesses。
118．句意：在新年当天，长江以南地区的温度超过了15°C，与冬季通常预期的寒冷天气大相径庭。结合“New Year’s Day”可知，这里是指具体的某一天，所以要用介词“on”，位于句首，首字母大写。故填On。
119．句意：在新年当天，长江以南地区的温度超过了15°C，与冬季通常预期的寒冷天气大相径庭。usual“通常的”，结合“expected”可知，这里要填一个副词修饰非谓语动词。故填usually。
120．句意：为了处理这些问题，专家建议开发技术来跟踪和预测极端天气，如热浪，以降低风险并提高准备程度。deal“处理”，结合“...with these problems”可知，这里是指为了处理这些问题，所以该空要填一个不定式来表示目的，位于句首，首字母大写。故填To deal。
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