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中考英语构词法复习
提高练习答案
happily (形容词→副词：happy → happily)
impolite (前缀im- + polite)
importance (形容词→名词：important → importance)
easily (形容词→副词：easy → easily)
homeless (名词→形容词：home + -less)
warmth (形容词→名词：warm → warmth)
creative (动词→形容词：create → creative)
surprising (动词→形容词：surprise → surprising)
environment (直接名词，注意无后缀)
invention (动词→名词：invent → invention)
dishonesty (形容词→名词：honest → honesty，加前缀dis-)
careful (名词→形容词：care + -ful)
difference (形容词→名词：different → difference)
silently (形容词→副词：silent → silently)
development (动词→名词：develop → development)
musician (名词→职业名词：music → musician)
boring (动词→形容词：bore → boring)
truth (形容词→名词：true → truth，不规则变化)
correctly (形容词→副词：correct → correctly)
discussion (动词→名词：discuss → discussion)
national (名词→形容词：nation → national)
artist (名词→职业名词：art → artist)
excited (动词→形容词：excite → excited，修饰人)
illness (形容词→名词：ill → illness)
windy (名词→形容词：wind → windy)
actress (动词→职业名词：act → actress，女性后缀-ress)
death (动词→名词：die → death)
encouraging (动词→形容词：encourage → encouraging)
noisy (名词→形容词：noise → noisy)
suggestion (动词→名词：suggest → suggestion)
magical (名词→形容词：magic → magical)
service (动词→名词：serve → service)
kindness (形容词→名词：kind → kindness)
educational (名词→形容词：education → educational)
writer (动词→职业名词：write → writer)
competition (动词→名词：compete → competition)
sunny (名词→形容词：sun → sunny)
dangerous (名词→形容词：danger → dangerous)
pronunciation (动词→名词：pronounce → pronunciation)
achievement (动词→名词：achieve → achievement)
cloudy (名词→形容词：cloud → cloudy)
successful (名词→形容词：success → successful)
snowy (名词→形容词：snow → snowy)
traditional (名词→形容词：tradition → traditional)
wooden (名词→形容词：wood → wooden)
peaceful (名词→形容词：peace → peaceful)
expression (动词→名词：express → expression)
healthy (名词→形容词：health → healthy)
friendly (名词→形容词：friend → friendly)
lucky (名词→形容词：luck → lucky)中考英语构词法复习
基础过关
前缀:前缀一般用在词根前面改变词的意义，不改变词性。
un-
unhappy, unfair, uncomfortable, unlucky
dis-
dislike,dishonest,disappear,disabled
in-
inexpensive
im-
impolite,impossible
re-
recycle,reuse,
二、后缀
(一)、名词构词法：
类别 变法 例词
形容词→名词 -ness kind→_________ sad→___________ happy→___________ ill→_________ sick→___________ fair→___________ shy→_________
-ity able→___________ creative→___________ possible→___________ active→_________ popular→_________
-t→-ce important→___________ different→___________ silent→___________ independent→___________
-y difficult→___________ honest→___________
-ty safe→___________
-th true→___________ warm→___________
名词→名词 -ist piano→___________ violin→___________ science→___________ art→___________ tour→___________
-an America→___________ Europe→___________
-ian music→___________ magic→___________
动词→名词 -er win→___________ teach→___________ drive→___________ write→___________ dance→___________ play→___________ run→___________ win→___________ travel→___________
-or act→___________ invent→___________ visit→___________
-ion/-tion decide→___________ invite→___________ invent→___________ discuss→___________ express→___________ act→___________ suggest→___________ produce→___________ protect→___________ educate→___________ compete→___________ pronounce→___________
-ment develop→___________ improve→___________ agree→___________ encourage→___________ achieve→___________ punish→___________
-ing feel→___________ mean→___________ draw→___________ paint→___________ begin→___________ end→___________ build→___________ say→___________ cross→___________
-ress act→___________ wait→___________
其他 high→___________ hot→___________
serve→___________ die→___________
long→___________ succeed→___________
(二)、形容词构词法：
后缀 意义 例词
-y 多...的，有...的 cloud→___________ sun→___________ rain→___________ luck→___________ snow→___________ health→___________ sleep→___________ noise→___________
-ern ...方向的 east→___________ south→___________west→___________north→___________
-ly ...般的，每...的 friend→___________ week→___________ love→___________
-en ...材质的 wood→___________ gold→___________
-al 有...性质的 person→___________ nature→___________ nation→___________ music→___________ center→___________ medicine→___________ education→___________ tradition→___________ environment→___________
-ful 充满...的 care→___________ peace→___________ help→___________ use→___________ beauty→___________ success→___________ thank→___________ wonder→___________ truth→___________ hope→___________ harm→___________
-less 无...的 care→___________ home→___________ hope→___________ use→___________
-ous 具有...的 danger→___________ humor→___________
-ant/ent ...的 importance→___________ difference→___________
-able 可...的 enjoy→___________
-ive 有...性质的 create→___________
-ing 令人.....的 （指物） move→___________ surprise→___________ bore→___________ relax→___________ interest→___________ excite→___________
-ed 感到......的 （指人） move→___________ surprise→___________ bore→___________ relax→___________ interest→___________ excite→___________
(三)．形容词变副词
除了good的副词为well, 少数形容词、副词同形，如：early/late/fast/hard等，
大多数形容词变副词都是在词后加ly
careful→_________ real→_________ wide →_________ polite→_________
loud→_________ cheap→_________ beautiful→_________ quick→_________
comfortable→_________ possible→_________ true→_________
提高练习
根据括号内提示词的正确形式填空，注意前缀或后缀的变化。
The children laughed __________ (happy) when they saw the funny clown.
It’s __________ (polite) to interrupt others while they are speaking.
The __________ (important) of reading is emphasized in our school.
She answered the question __________ (easy) and got full marks.
The __________ (homeless) man was given food and shelter by kind people.
The __________ (warm) of the sun made the winter day pleasant.
The __________ (create) design of the building won an international prize.
The __________ (surprise) news made everyone jump with joy.
We must protect the __________ (environment) from pollution.
The __________ (invent) of the light bulb changed human life.
His __________ (honest) made his parents feel disappointed.
The teacher explained the problem __________ (careful) to the students.
There is a clear __________ (different) between these two languages.
The students listened to the story __________ (silent) in the dark room.
The rapid __________ (develop) of AI technology is amazing.
She dreams of becoming a famous __________ (music) in the future.
The long speech was so __________ (bore) that many people fell asleep.
The __________ (true) of the story was finally revealed.
He solved the math problem __________ (correct) without any help.
The __________ (discuss) about climate change lasted three hours.
The __________ (nation) flag of China is a symbol of our country.
The young __________ (art) drew a beautiful picture of the mountain.
The children were __________ (excite) about the upcoming school trip.
The sudden __________ (ill) kept him away from school for a week.
The __________ (wind) weather blew the leaves off the trees.
The __________ (act) in the movie won an Oscar for her performance.
The __________ (die) of the great scientist saddened the whole world.
Her __________ (encourage) words gave me confidence to try again.
The classroom was filled with __________ (noise) chatter before class.
The teacher’s __________ (suggest) helped us improve our project.
The magician’s __________ (magic) trick amazed all the audience.
The __________ (serve) in this hotel is friendly and efficient.
Her __________ (kind) to animals made her a volunteer at the zoo.
The government is improving the __________ (educate) system.
The __________ (write) of this novel is only 25 years old.
The __________ (compete) between the two teams was very fierce.
We enjoyed the __________ (sun) day by having a picnic in the park.
The __________ (danger) snake was carefully handled by the expert.
The __________ (pronounce) of some English words is challenging.
Winning the gold medal was his greatest __________ (achieve).
The __________ (cloud) sky warned us that a storm was coming.
She is a __________ (success) businesswoman who started her own company.
The __________ (snow) mountains looked like a white painting.
The Mid-Autumn Festival is a __________ (tradition) Chinese celebration.
The __________ (wood) table in the kitchen is over 100 years old.
The small village is quiet and __________ (peace) at night.
The __________ (express) on her face showed she was deeply moved.
Eating __________ (health) food is important for our bodies.
The __________ (friend) dog wagged its tail and licked my hand.
The __________ (luck) boy found his lost watch under the bed.

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