资源简介

Section Ⅳ　Writing——写一则短篇科幻故事
通·题型解读
科幻故事是用幻想的形式，描绘人类在未来世界的生活，其内容交织着科学事实和预见、想象。 科幻故事的特点是内容丰富、奇特，并且情节合理。
析·谋篇思路
积·满分素材
首段：引入话题
1．In the future，every family can have a robot，and it can help people do many things.
未来，每个家庭都会拥有一个机器人，它可以帮助人们做很多事情。
2．With the development of science and technology，our life will be surely more convenient and comfortable.
随着科学技术的发展，我们的生活一定会更加方便和舒适。
3．We can imagine everything will be done easily and automatically.
我们可以想象每件事都会轻而易举地自动完成。
4．Robots may be the most clever except humans in the future.
在未来，机器人可能是除人类以外的最聪明的事物。
中段：具体描述故事发展的过程
1．This is the life that I am looking forward to.
这就是我所期待的生活。
2．No one can make sure whether there is another life existing in the universe.
没有人能确定在宇宙中是否存在另外的生命。
3．Though the scientists never saw the real aliens, I still believe that besides human beings, life must exist in the universe.
虽然科学家们从未见过真正的外星人，但我仍然相信除了人类之外，宇宙中存在另外的生命。
4．When intelligent machines can do the thinking, will our brain get lazy and regress
当智能机器可以思考时，我们的大脑会变得懒惰和退化吗？
尾段：故事结局
1．As a matter of fact, I believe the wider-spread of AI actually act as a motivation to force us to become more intelligent.
事实上，我相信人工智能的广泛传播实际上是一种动力，迫使我们变得更聪明。
2．To sum up, every technology is a double-edged sword.
综上所述，每一项技术都是一把双刃剑。
练·写作规范
你校校报英语角举办科幻故事征文比赛，请你写一个关于飞碟的故事参加比赛。内容包括：
1．时间，地点；2.主要情节；3.你的感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．故事题目已经给出，不计入总词数。
The Flying Saucer
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第一步：认真审题　谋篇布局
第二步：斟词酌句　靓化表达
1．晚上太热了，我在帐篷里睡不着。
It was so hot at night ________________________ in the tent.
2．我爬出帐篷，四处走动以便冷静下来。
I crawled out of the tent and walked around ________________.
3．突然，一道亮光划过天空，一个飞碟出现在我的帐篷附近。
Suddenly a bright light ______________________ and a flying saucer appeared near my tent.
4．它看起来就像我白天读的书里的一样。
It looked just like the one in the book ________________________.
5．我赶紧躲在一块石头后面，看见一个外星人从一个圆门里走了下来。
________________________________________ an alien come down through a round door.
6．他走进我的帐篷，手里拿着什么东西出来了。
He walked into my tent and came out ________________________.
7．然后不明飞行物飞走了。我立刻跑进帐篷，发现我的平板电脑不见了。
The UFO then flew away. I immediately ran into my tent, ________________________________．(不定式作结果状语)
8．我很困惑，我不能相信我所看到的。
I was so puzzled that I couldn't believe ________________.
第三步：词句升级
9．把句1升级为过去分词、倒装句型。
____________________________ I couldn't fall asleep in the tent.
10．把句5升级为分词作状语。
I quickly hid behind a stone, ________________________________________．(现在分词作伴随状语)
第四步：合理过渡　完美卷面
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
温馨提示：请完成晚练4
单元素养评价（一）
Section Ⅳ　Writing——写一则短篇科幻故事
练·写作规范
第二步
1．that I couldn't fall asleep
2．to cool down
3．flashed across the sky
4．I had read during the day
5．I quickly hid behind a stone and saw
6．with something in his hand
7．only to find that my Pad was gone
8．what I had seen
第三步
9．So hot was it at night that
10．seeing an alien come down through a round door
第四步
参考范文：
The Flying Saucer
It was too hot at night for me to fall asleep in the tent, so I crawled out of the tent and walked around to cool down. The sky was clear and stars were shining.
Suddenly a bright light flashed across the sky and then near my tent appeared a flying saucer, which looked just like the one in the book I had read during the day. I quickly hid behind a stone and saw an alien come down through a round door. He walked into my tent and came out with something in his hand. The UFO then flew away. I immediately ran into my tent and found that my Pad was gone.
I was so puzzled that I couldn't believe what I had seen. But I decided that the next time the alien came, I would talk to him.Section Ⅲ　Using Language
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What makes the traveller think that the time machine works
A.The change of time on a clock.
B．The lab that looks different.
C．The strange feeling in mind.
D．The trick the machine plays on him.
2．Why is the author invisible to his niece
A．Because he is hidden from her.
B．Because they are not in the same time.
C．Because there is no lamp in the room.
D．Because he moves like a rocket.
3．How does the time traveller feel when travelling through time
A．Excited. B．Relaxed.
C．Unfortunate. D．Uncomfortable.
4．Why is the time traveller worried about stopping the machine
A．Because an accident can happen.
B．Because the machine will turn over.
C．Because an explosion may take place.
D．Because the machine has no brakes.
Task 2 佳句妙笔生辉：应用文提能
1.读文章并找出下列细节描写的内容
(1)操作机器过程中的动作描写
①I ________ it a last check, and ________ myself in the leather seat. I ________ the starting lever on the main panel forwards an inch then immediately backwards again.
②I ________ a breath, ________ the lever and ________ it forwards.
③I ________ the lever further.
④Like an impatient fool, I ________ the lever backwards hard.
(2)心理活动描写
①I ________________ I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute.
②I ________________ look at the random things that were being flashed before my eyes!
③I ________________________ of stopping the Time Machine many times.
(3)视觉感知描写
①夜幕降临： ________________
②白昼来临： ________________
③跃进到白天： ________________
④树木似青烟升起： ________________________
⑤大楼拔地而起： ________________________
(4)在空中见证地球沧海桑田变幻的句子
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(5)与心理感受相关的描写
①It probably took her a minute, but to me she ________________________！
②It is hard to explain the ________________________________ of time travelling.
③I was ________ for a moment...
2．请选择下列句子使用的修辞手法
A．simile(明喻)　B．exaggeration(夸张)
①It felt like I was being driven fast on a winding road. ________
②The sun and moon looked as if they were being thrown across the sky... ________
③Around me I saw trees growing like puffs of smoke... ________
④I saw huge buildings rise up，then disappear like in a dream. ________
⑤...we would be forced together and explode like a bomb! ________
⑥Like an impatient fool，I pulled the lever backwards hard. ________
⑦I calculated that I was being pushed through time at hundreds of years a minute. ________
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．________ adj. 更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
2．________ n. 劳动(者)；体力劳动
vi. 奋斗；努力工作
3．________ n. 英寸(长度单位，等于2.54厘米)
4．________ adv. 向后；倒着；往回
5．________ vt.& vi. 紧握；抓紧
6．________ adj. 模糊的；朦胧的；困惑的
7．________ vt. (去)拿来；(去)请来
8．________ n. 灯；台灯
9．________ n. 速度；步伐；节奏
vt.& vi. 确定速度；调整节奏
10．________ adj. 随机的；不可思议的
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．________ vt.计算；核算；预测→________ n．计算；预测，推测
2．________ n．分开；分隔；分歧；差异；除(法)→________ vt.划分；分开
3．________ n．强烈的欲望；冲动 vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐→________ adj.紧急的→urgency n．紧急
4．________ vi.& vt.爆炸；爆破→________ n．爆炸；爆破；突增
5．________ n．泥；泥浆→________ adj.泥泞的
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．________________ 根据；以……的方式(基准)
2．________________ 事物的利与弊；支持与反对
3．________________ 比……更好；更胜一筹
4．________________ 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
5．________________ 与……冲突或抵触
6．________________ 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
7．________________ (逐渐)减少；消失
8．________________ 有强烈的欲望做某事
9．rise up ________________
10．so long as ________________
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．[句型公式] 强调句型
[教材原句] ________________________________ the first of all Time Machines began its career.
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。
2．[句型公式] as if引导方式状语从句
[教材原句] Night came ________________________________， and in another moment came the day.
夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。
3．[句型公式] as 引导时间状语从句
[教材原句] ________________________， the walls of the laboratory fell away, and I was left in the open air.
随着我的速度越来越快，实验室的墙壁也随之消失了，我被留在户外。
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1 superior adj.更好的；占优势的；(在级别或重要性上)更高的
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Tsinghua University and Beijing University are clearly superior ________ other universities in China.
②As is shown in the report, only one salesman is senior ________ me in the company.
[写美]　完成句子
③他总是表现得比我更胜一筹，这把我气得浑身颤抖。
He always behaves as if he ____________________， which makes me tremble all over.
be superior to 比……更好；更胜一筹
be inferior to 比……差/级别低
be senior to 比……年长/职位高
be junior to 比……年龄小/职位低
2 take over 占上风；取而代之；接管；接手
[练透]　单句语法填空
①We should take ________ some hobbies, which will widen our horizons and add pleasure to our daily life. (建议信)
②After taking ________ the firm from his father，Tom took ________ some scientific ideas and took ________ some experienced and hard-working workers，which suggested that his firm would take ________ soon.
③I took ________ everything he mentioned and poured more effort to the project.
[写美]　完成句子
④我的父母敦促我要有耐心，永远不要让消极的想法占据上风。(读后续写之主旨升华)
My parents urge me to be patient and never ________________________________．
take off 起飞；匆匆离去；脱下；大获成功
take on 呈现；雇用；承担
take in 包括；吸收；理解；欺骗；收留
take up 占据；开始从事
take down 记录；记下；降低，放下
3 conflict with 与……冲突或抵触
[写美]　完成句子
①上个星期五我发现我完全一团糟！我和朋友安娜在学校发生了冲突。
Last Friday I found myself totally in a mess! I ________________________________ Anna at school.
②我们之间的分歧有时会让我心烦意乱，但每当我和他有冲突时，我都尽量保持冷静。
The disagreements between us upset me from time to time, but whenever I ________________________， I tried to stay calm.
conflict n. 矛盾；冲突
vt. 冲突；抵触
in conflict with 与……有冲突
come into conflict with 与……产生冲突
[图文助记]
Learning that you have conflicted with your deskmate，I am writing to offer you some tips.
得知你和你同桌发生冲突，我写信给你一些建议。
4 turn out 关掉；熄灭；在场；使朝外；结果是
[练透]　单句语法填空
①He turned ________ on time at my birthday party and I was wild with joy.
②The hall was full, and hundreds of fans had to be turned ________．
[写美]　完成句子
③上周日，我们组织了海洋公园一日游，这对所有学生来说都是一次难得的经历。
A one-day trip to an ocean park was organized last Sunday, ______________________________________ for all students.
[熟词生义]　They have been turning out bikes for 100 years.
他们制造自行车已有100年的历史了。(生产)
turn up 调高(音量等)；出现
turn down 调低(音量等)；拒绝
turn in 上交；交还，退还
turn on 打开(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn off 关闭(水、煤气、电灯等)
turn to 求助于；致力于；查阅；转向
5 pace n．速度；步伐；节奏　vt.& vi.确定速度；调整节奏
[写美]　完成句子
①通过所有的努力，它肯定会提高老年人的生活质量，帮助他们跟上技术的快速发展。
With all the efforts, it surely will raise the elderly people's life quality and help them ________________________________________________.
②按照自己的进度学习，不要灰心，你一定会取得进步的。(建议信)
________________________ and never lose heart, and you will make progress in time.
③我很震惊。我不知道该做什么，该说什么。我开始来回不停地走动着。(读后续写之动作描写)
I was shocked. I didn't know what to do or say, and I started to ____________________．
(1)at a pace of... 以……的速度
keep pace with 跟上；同……齐步前进/并驾齐驱
set the pace 定出步调；树立榜样；带头
(2)pace back and forth 来回踱步；徘徊
6 urge n．强烈的欲望；冲动　vt.催促；力劝；大力推荐
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Although I had an urge ________ (buy) a bike，my sense of responsibility urged that I ________ (hurry) home to hand in my hard-earned money to my parents.
②[2024·新课标卷读后续写]I explained to him the ________ (urgent) of catching the bus, emphasizing that otherwise I would be forced to stay overnight and buy a new ticket the next morning.
[写美]　一句多译
③为了更好地保护海洋，我们必须敦促更多的人去反思他们不合适的行为并且做出改变。
To protect oceans better, we ________________________________________________________ and make changes.(urge sb. to do sth.)
＝To protect oceans better，we ______________________________________________________________________ and make changes.(urge that...)
(1)have/feel an urge to do sth. 有强烈的欲望做某事
(2)urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
urge that...(should) do sth. 极力主张/强调……做某事
(3)urgent adj. 紧急的；迫切的
经典句式
1 句型公式：It is/was...that/who...强调句
【教材原句】　It was at ten o'clock today that the first of all Time Machines began its career.
上午十点，所有时间机器中的第一台启动了其运转之旅。
[写美]　完成句子/句型转换
①更重要的是，北京的著名旅游景点每年都吸引着大量来自世界各地的游客。
More importantly, ____________________________ attract a large number of tourists from all over the world every year.
②就在那一刻，一股暖流涌进了我的身体，马的形象出现在我的脑海里，鼓励着我继续写作。
________________________________ a warm surge of streams washed through my body，and the image of the horse emerged in my mind，encouraging me to continue writing.
③They didn't realize it was high time to take action to stop pollution until the area was seriously polluted.
→________________________________________________ they realized that it was high time to take action to stop pollution. (强调句型)
→________________________________________________ that it was high time to take action to stop pollution. (倒装)
(1)强调句的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分。
(2)强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋句子其他部分？
(3)强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that＋句子其他部分？
[点津]　not...until...结构的强调句型为“It is/was not until...that...”，在这一固定句型中，由于not已经前移，that后只能用肯定形式。
2 句型公式：as if引导方式状语从句
【教材原句】　Night came as if a lamp was being turned out, and in another moment came the day.
夜幕降临了，仿佛一盏灯正在熄灭，转眼间，白昼就来临了。
[写美]　完成句子
①小男孩就坐在那里，环顾四周，好像正在等待什么。
The boy just sat there, looking around, ________________________________．
②正如图画上所看到的一样，一个男孩肩负着如此沉重的作业以至于他看上去好像再也承受不住了。
As can be seen from the picture, a boy is burdened with such heavy homework that it seems ________________________________.
③班主任看着我的眼睛，仿佛看到了我灵魂深处封闭的自我。(读后续写之动作描写)
My headteacher looked at my eyes ________________________________ locked away inside.
④我们很惊讶。他似乎知道了些什么。
We were astonished. It seemed ________________________________ somehow.
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I am sorry to hear that you came into ________ (冲突) with your parents last week.
2．Only in this way can we young people keep p________ with the times.
3．In the practice, we can experience the value of ________ (劳动) and expose ourselves to a wide range of practical skills.
4．[2024·全国甲卷]Many cats will find ________ (随机的) objects outside and bring them to their owners.
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．其中一只海豹只是用它的身体轻轻碰了碰我，好像它想拥抱我。
One of the seals just touched me lightly with its body, ________________________．
2．是旅行者脸上的微笑和我心里的幸福使我认为活动是有意义的。
It was the smile on the travellers' faces and happiness in my own heart that ________________________________________．
3．他解释了各种态度或观点的利与弊，但没有明确地站在其中任何一方。
He explained the ________________ of various attitudes or opinions, but didn't side definitely with any one of them.
温馨提示：请完成晚练3
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1
1．A　2.B　3.D　4.C
Task 2
1．(1)①gave; sat; pushed　②drew; gripped; pushed
③pushed　④pulled
(2)①calculated that　②had a strong urge to　③had thought about the risk
(3)①night came　②came the day　③skipped to day
④trees growing like puffs of smoke　⑤huge buildings rise up
(4)The whole surface of the earth was being changed，melting and flowing before my eyes.
(5)①moved like a rocket　②strange and unpleasant feeling　③stunned
2．①A　②A　③A　④A　⑤A　⑥A　⑦B
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．superior　2.labour　3.inch　4.backwards　5.grip
6．hazy　7.fetch　8.lamp　9.pace　10.random
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．calculate; calculation　2.division; divide　3.urge; urgent　4.explode; explosion　5.mud; muddy
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．on a. . .basis　2.pros and cons　3.superior to　4.take over
5．conflict with　6.turn out　7.fall away　8.have an urge to do sth.　9.升起　10.只要
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．It was at ten o'clock today that
2．as if a lamp was being turned out
3．As my pace grew faster
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1．①to　②to　③were superior to me
2．①up　②over; in; on; off　③down　④let negative thoughts take over
3．①had a conflict with my friend　②was in conflict with him
4．①up　②down　③which turned out to be a rare experience
5．①keep pace with the rapid development of technology
②Study at your own pace　③pace back and forth
6．①to buy; (should) hurry　②urgency　③must urge more people to reflect on their own improper behavior; must urge that more people (should) reflect on their own improper behavior
经典句式
1．①it is the famous tourist spots of Beijing that　②It was at that moment that　③It was not until the area was seriously polluted that; Not until the area was seriously polluted did they realize
2．①as if he were waiting for something　②as if he can hardly bear it any more　③as if she were seeing my inner self ④as if he had known something
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．conflict　2.pace　3.labour　4.random
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．as if it wanted to hug me
2．made me find the activity meaningful
3．pros and consSection Ⅱ　Learning About Language——复习被动语态
预学案
观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的组成：
1．It was going to be tested out by Larry's wife, Claire.
2．Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human, and it was disturbing.
3．Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot.
4．As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops, he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on the house.
5．The saleswoman there was rude to her, so she rang Tony and told him she was being treated badly.
自我感悟
1．含有进行时被动语态的是句________。
2．含有将来时被动语态的是句________。
3．含有过去时被动语态的是句________。
研学案
探·语法课堂学习
一、基本构成
项目 一般时态 进行时态 完成时态
现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/have been done
过去 was/were done was/werebeing done had been done
将来 shall/will be done —— shall/will have been done
The children are asked to clean their rooms every day.
孩子们被要求每天打扫他们的房间。(一般现在时的被动语态)
The work will have been finished by the end of next month.
到下个月底这项工作将会被完成。(将来完成时的被动语态)
I feel that not enough is being done to protect the local wild animals.
我觉得对当地野生动物的保护力度不够。(现在进行时的被动语态)
I received the sad news that he had been killed in a motorcycle accident.
我得知了这个不幸的消息，说他在一场摩托车事故中丧生了。(过去完成时的被动语态)
I was thinking of seeking an empty seat, but to my disappointment, the seats were all taken.
我想找个空座位，但令我失望的是，座位都坐满了。(一般过去时的被动语态)
[即学即练1]　单句语法填空
①[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷]Two years later, a six-meter-tall pavilion, inspired by The Peony Pavilion, ________ (build) at the Firs Garden, just ten minutes' walk from Shakespeare's birthplace.
②[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]When I ________ (invite) to the stage to receive the award, I expressed my thanks to my teacher.
③We must be aware of the fact that our beautiful environment ________________ (destroy) now.
④Over the past 20 years, many inspirational role models ________________ (honor) in Touching China awards.
二、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题
1．否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctor's degree.
听到不会获得博士学位，他失望透顶。
2．主动句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动，这时的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
＝He was seen sitting there without doing anything.
我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。
His words made me throw up.
＝I was made to throw up by his words.
他的话令我作呕。
[名师点津]　在主动语态中，make, hear, see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中不能省略。
3．带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动句转换为被动句时，可将表示物的直接宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的间接宾语，或将表示人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保留。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
＝An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
＝I'm being told an interesting story by my father now.
爸爸正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。
4．短语动词在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉动词后面的介词或副词。
The old man was often laughed at．
那位老人经常被嘲笑。
[即学即练2]　将下列句子改为被动语态
①We saw a stranger enter the building just now.
→________________________________________________________________________
②My uncle gave me a present the other day.
→________________________________________________________________________
→________________________________________________________________________
③The bad weather made me decide to stay here for another day.
→________________________________________________________________________
④My uncle took good care of me when I was young.
→________________________________________________________________________
三、被动语态的特殊结构形式
1．“情态动词(may, might, can, could, should, ought to, must等)＋be＋过去分词”构成被动语态
Most of the students consider waste sorting should be carried out immediately across the country.
大多数学生认为垃圾分类应该立即在全国范围内进行。
2．使役动词和感官动词的被动语态
在使役动词have, make, get以及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel, observe等后面有不定式作宾语补足语时，在主动结构中不定式的to要省略，但变为被动结构时，要加上to。
The manager made saleswomen work until ten at night.(表示主动)
→Saleswomen were made to work by the manager until ten at night.(表示被动)
经理让女销售工作到晚上十点。
[即学即练3]　单句语法填空
①The poems, whose topics can be sports, diet and school life must ________ (write) in English.
②[2023·全国甲卷]Carson proves that a simple literary form that ________________ (pass) down through the ages can still ____________ (employ)today to draw attention to important truths.
四、难点突破——主动形式表示被动含义的几种情况
1．当feel, look, smell, taste, sound等系动词后面接形容词/名词构成系表结构时。
Compared with the standard fee, which is $800, the group participation discount sounds quite attractive to me.与800美元的标准费用相比，团体参与折扣对我来说很有吸引力。
2．当cut, read, sell, wear, write, wash等表示某种属性且带有修饰语时。
The science fiction written by Liu Cixin sells very well.刘慈欣写的科幻小说很畅销。
3．want, require, need意为“需要”时，后面的动词-ing形式用主动形式表示被动含义(相当于不定式的被动形式)。
Not only do they know more about the festival but also realize the elderly need to be treated/treating with respect.他们不仅对这个节日有了更多的了解，而且意识到老年人需要受到尊重。
4．在“be＋adj.＋to do”结构中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语时。
The innocent request was difficult to reject．
这个天真的请求很难拒绝。
[即学即练4]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①It was a coincidence that the motorcyclist's mother ________________ (treat) at that moment in the same hospital.
②A fiction writing contest ________________ (hold) by the School English Newspaper next week.
③She wrote back, enclosing my letter where grammar mistakes ________________ (correct)!
④As for study, it is essential to find out what needs ________________ (do).
⑤这种丝绸摸起来柔软舒适。但是制作起来很困难。
The silk ________________________. But it is difficult ________．
学·语言要点知识
1 on a．..basis根据；以……的方式(基准)
[练透]　单句语法填空
①There is no doubt that our small acts on a daily ________ (base) are bound to make a big difference to our environment.
②________ (base) on the ratings, I bought my beloved backpack, saw interesting films and tasted delicious foods.
[写美]　完成句子
③[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文]我强烈建议你应该将分组建立在学生的考试成绩、语言表现或兴趣爱好上。
I strongly recommend that you ________________ students' exam grades，verbal performance or interests.
(1)on a regular basis 有规律地；定期地
on the basis of 以……为基础
(2)base...on/upon 把……置于……基础之上
be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据
2 distinguish vi.& vt.区分；辨别　distinguished adj.卓越的；受人尊敬的
[练透]　单句语法填空
①An activity will be held in honor of Qu Yuan, who was a ________ (distinguish) poet in Chinese history.
[写美]　完成句子
②我最尊敬的班主任已经作为最优秀的老师而扬名。他不仅教我们知识，而且教我们分辨是非。
The headteacher I respect most has already ________________________ one of the best teachers. Not only does he teach us knowledge but also he teaches us to ________________________________________________________．
(1)distinguish A from B＝distinguish between A and B 把A和B 区分开
distinguish oneself (as) (作为……)使自己扬名
(2)be distinguished for 因……而扬名
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．The exhibition, which ________ (hold) at the museum next week, will last two days.
2．The shop owner told me that the girl ________ (take) to the hospital because of her serious illness.
3．The poems, whose topics can be sports, diet and school life must ________ (write) in English.
4．From the activity, I learn that at present the environment ________ (destroy) because of people's harmful activities.
5．According to the notice, everybody ________ (require) to take part in the activity.
Ⅱ.使用本单元所学语法知识(被动语态)翻译下面的语段
Frankenstein is a science fiction which 1.________________________ [是玛丽·雪莱(Mary Shelley)写的]. 2.________________ (这本小说被认为是)one of the earliest science fiction stories in English literature. 3.________________________ (这本小说出版后), it drew wide attention. The story of the novel 4.________________________________________________________ (基于科学、想象和自身经历). The novel 5.________________________________________ (已被翻译成多种语言).
温馨提示：请完成晚练2
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language——复习被动语态
预学案
自我感悟
1．2、3、5　2.1　3.4
研学案
探·语法课堂学习
[即学即练1]　①was built　②was invited　③is being destroyed　④have been honored
[即学即练2]　①A stranger was seen to enter the building just now.
②A present was given to me the other day by my uncle.; I was given a present the other day by my uncle.
③I was made to decide to stay here for another day by the bad weather.
④I was taken good care of by my uncle when I was young.
[即学即练3]　①be written　②has been passed; be employed
[即学即练4]　①was being treated　②will be held　③had been corrected　④to be done/doing　⑤feels soft and comfortable; to make
学·语言要点知识
1．①basis　②Based　③(should) base grouping on
2．①distinguished　②distinguished himself as; distinguish between right and wrong/distinguish right from wrong
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．will be held　2.had been taken　3.be written　4.is being destroyed　5.is required
Ⅱ.使用本单元所学语法知识(被动语态)翻译下面的语段
1．was written by Mary Shelley
2．It is regarded as
3．After the novel was published
4．is based on science, imagination and personal experiences
5．has been translated into many languagesUNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1 框架宏观建构： 整体理解
1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Paras 1～2: Larry persuaded Claire to accept the (1)________ that would be tested out.
Paras 3～8: The (2)________ of the robot helping Claire.
Para 9: The (3)________ of Claire living with the robot.
2．What's the main idea of this passage
The passage is mainly about _________________________________________.
Task 2 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What does Larry Belmont think of testing out the robot in his house
A．It is an extra benefit.
B．It is his responsibility.
C．It helps improve his house.
D．It can make Claire happy.
2．How did Claire feel when Tony offered to help her get dressed
A．Proud. B．Happy.
C．Guilty. D．Embarrassed.
3．What does Gladys Claffern think of the relationship between Claire and Tony
A．Friends. B．Lovers.
C．Relatives. D．Colleagues.
4．What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Tony falls in love with Claire.
B．Tony will have a rest that night.
C．Tony will stay with Claire forever.
D．Tony, the robot needs to be improved.
Task 3 佳句妙笔生辉：续写提能
1.细读短文并找出外貌描写的句子。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．细读短文并找出动作描写的句子。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．________ n. 意外收获；奖金；红利
2．________ adj. 愚蠢的；荒谬的；荒唐的
3．________ n. 诚实正直；完整；完好
4．________ n. 庄重；庄严；尊严
5．________ n. 薪水；薪金
6．________ adj. 荒谬的；荒唐的
7．________ vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓
8．________ vt. 让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除
9．________ n. 谣言；传闻
10．________ vt.& vi. 假定；假设
11．________ adj. 每周的
n. 周刊
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．________ n. 预约；约会；委任→________ vt. 预约；任命→________ adj.指定的；约定的
2．________ adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的→________ n．内疚；愧疚
3．________ vt. 悬；挂；暂停；暂缓→________ n．暂停；暂缓
4．________ vt. 表明；宣称；公布→________ n．公告；宣言
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．________________ 检验；测试
2．________________ 更像是；更接近
3．experiment with ________________
4．on a business trip ________________
5．or rather ________________
6．turn around ________________
7．fall off ________________
8．as a favour ________________
9．with wonder ________________
10．take sb. in one's arms ________________
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．[句型公式]more...than...与其说……倒不如说……
[教材原句] His name was Tony. He seemed ______________________________ a machine.
他(这个机器人)叫托尼。他看起来更像一个人，而不是一台机器。
2．[句型公式] It＋be＋adj.＋that从句
[教材原句] Claire thought ________________________ she was being offered sympathy by a robot.
克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬。
3．[句型公式] make＋宾语＋宾语补足语
[教材原句] As a favour, Tony promised to help Claire ________________________________________________________．
作为一项恩惠，托尼答应帮助克莱尔，把她变得更漂亮些，也把她的家变得更雅致些。
4．[句型公式] 完全倒装
[教材原句] As she turned around, ________________________ Gladys Claffern.
当她转过身来，却看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬站在那里。
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1 appointment n．预约；约会；委任
[练透]　单句语法填空
①I was far too happy that we made an ________ (appoint) to visit Hangzhou next week.
②He always appointed me ________ (perform)various jobs，which made me explode with anger.
③At the ________ (appoint) time, Mr Smith will be invited to attend the contest, and award the first eight winners.
[写美]　完成句子
④对于这次失约，我发自内心地道歉。(道歉信)
I apologize from the bottom of my heart for ________________________．
(1)make/have an appointment with sb. 和某人有约
keep an appointment 赴约；守约
break an appointment 失约
(2)appoint v. 任命；委派；安排；约定
appoint sb. (as/to be)... 任命某人(为)……
appoint sb. to do sth. 指派某人去做某事
[指津]　-ment 常用于动词之后构成名词
treat vt.→treatment n. 对待；治疗
encourage vt.→encouragement n. 鼓励
equip vt.→equipment n. 设备
astonish vt.→astonishment n. 吃惊
2 guilty adj.内疚的；有罪的；有过失的
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Deeply ashamed and ________ (guilt), Ray apologized to Richard sincerely, “Terribly sorry for having hurt you at school.” (读后续写之情绪描写)
②She had feelings of ________ (guilty) about leaving her children and going to work.
[写美]　完成句子
③他如此内疚，最终崩溃了，内疚的泪水模糊了他的眼睛。(心理描写)
_______________________ he ultimately fell apart, _____________________．
(1)be guilty of 犯有……罪
be/feel guilty for/at/about... 对……感到内疚/有愧
(2)guilt n. 内疚；悔恨；有罪
out of guilt 出于愧疚
a sense of guilt 内疚感
[小词汇·大文化]　He who is guilty believes that all men speak ill of him.做贼心虚。
3 dismiss vt.让(某人)离开；解散；解雇；消除，不予考虑
[练透]　单句语法填空
①It turned out that he was dismissed ________ being lazy and dishonest.
②It is proposed that we should dismiss the uncivilized customs ________ our daily life.
[写美]　完成句子
③女主席由于一些所谓的传闻被免除了职位，这使她陷入了无尽的悲伤。(读后续写之悲伤情绪描写)
The chairwoman ________________________________ for some so-called rumours，which threw her into the world of endless sadness.
(1)dismiss sb. for 因……而解雇某人
(2)dismiss sb. from one's post/position 免去某人的职务
(3)dismiss...from 去除/消除/摒除
[指津]　“开除， 解雇”这样表达：fire sb./dismiss sb.
4 declare vt.表明；宣称；公布
[练透]　单句语法填空
①When they asked him for his opinion, he declared strongly ________ the policy, which made them unhappy.
[写美]　完成句子
②当老师宣布我是这次写作比赛的获胜者时，我又惊又喜。(读后续写之心理描写)
When the teacher _________________________________________________， I was surprised and pleased.
③尽管他怒不可遏，他也不愿意向他的老朋友宣战。(读后续写之愤怒情绪描写)
Although he boiled with anger，he was unwilling to ________________ his old friends.
(1)declare sb./sth. to be 宣布某人/某事是……
declare war (on...) (向……)宣战
declare sth. open/closed 宣布……开始/结束
declare that... 声称/宣布……
(2)declare for/against... 宣布赞成/反对……
[指津]　去e加-ation构成名词
①declare →declaration n．声明；公告
②conserve→conservation n．保护
③admire→admiration n．钦佩；羡慕；欣赏
④organize→organization n．组织
⑤examine→examination n．考试
⑥determine→determination n．决定
经典句式
1 句型公式：more...than...与其说……不如说……　　　
【教材原句】　He seemed more like a human than a machine.他看上去更像一个人，而不是一台机器。
[写美]　完成句子
①就在那一刻，我被女儿的爱填满了，我意识到在某种程度上她似乎更像一个成年人而不是一个十岁的小姑娘。(读后续写之感悟)
It was at that instant that I was filled with love from my daughter and realized that she seemed ________________________________________________ aged 10.
②我在英语上取得了如此大的进步，我的老师称赞我，说我与其说是聪明，不如说是勤奋。
I made such great progress in English that my teacher praised me, saying that I ________________________________．
③我最尊敬的人是我的英语老师，他非常乐意帮助我们学英语。他不仅仅是我们的老师，他还是我们的亲密朋友。
The person I respect most is my English teacher, who is ________________________________ with English studies. He is ________________________ and he is also our close friend.
(1)more＋adj./adv./n.＋than 与其说……，倒不如说……
(2)more than＋数词 超过，不止
more than＋名词 不只是，不仅仅是
more than＋形容词/副词 非常，很
(3)not more than＋数词 不多于；不超过；少于
2 句型公式：It＋be＋adj.＋that从句
【教材原句】　Claire thought it was ridiculous that she was being offered sympathy by a robot, but she gradually admired his wisdom and integrity and began to trust him.
克莱尔觉得一个机器人对她表示同情十分荒谬，但她逐渐欣赏托尼的智慧和正直，并且开始信任他。
[写美]　完成句子
①显而易见，许多人正承担着巨大的压力。
________________________ many people are shouldering much pressure.
②[2024·浙江1月卷读后续写]她突然意识到，目标可以通过小步骤逐步实现。
________________ goals are easier to achieve in small steps.
③人们希望把中国传统文化传播到世界。
________________ our traditional Chinese cultures should be spread to the world.
④[2023·浙江1月卷读后续写]碰巧我救了一只浑身是蜘蛛网、无法逃脱的蜂鸟。
________________ I saved a hummingbird that was covered in spiderwebs，unable to escape.
“It＋be＋adj.＋that从句”是固定句式，其中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。it作形式主语的常用句式：
(1)It＋be＋adj.＋that从句
(2)It＋be＋过去分词(said，thought，hoped，believed，reported...)＋that从句
(3)It＋不及物动词(seem，occur，happen)＋that从句
3 句型公式：完全倒装
【教材原句】　As she turned around, there stood Gladys Claffern．当她转过身来，却看到格拉迪丝·克拉芬正站在那里。
[写美]　完成句子
①正站在教室外的是一位男孩，他低着头，静静地哭着。
________________________________________， lowering his head and crying silently.
②当大卫冲过终点线时，人群中响起雷鸣般的掌声和欢呼声。
________________ when David crossed the finish line to the thunderous applause and cheers from the crowd.
③[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]几个星期后，当我几乎忘记比赛的时候，传来了消息。
A few weeks later, when I almost forgot the contest, ________________．
④一棵大树下坐着失望的大卫，他不情愿地放弃了越野赛，悲伤的泪水顺着他的脸止不住地流淌。
________________________________________________， who unwillingly quit the cross-country run and tears of sadness streamed down his cheeks without control.
(1)out, in, into, down, up, away, here, now, then, there等表示方位和时间的副词和表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
(2)当作表语的介词短语、形容词、分词提到系动词前面时，句子要全部倒装，构成“介词短语/形容词/分词＋系动词＋主语”结构。
[点津]　当主语是人称代词时，不用倒装语序。
In he came and the lesson began.他走进来开始上课。
用·中频词汇句式
1 test out检验；测试
[练透]　完成句子
我辞掉了工作，搬去和父母住了一年，这段时间我尝试了一个新职业。
I quit the job and moved in with my parents for a year while I ________________________.
2 favour n．恩惠，帮助；赞同，支持　vt.较喜欢；有利于
[练透]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I would appreciate it if you could give me a ________ (favour) reply at your earliest convenience.
②作为一名高中生，我赞成这个计划，我认为它对所有的学生都有好处。
As a high school student, I ____________________________ and I think it is beneficial to all the students.
③我想请求你帮忙：你能给我一些关于如何提高英语写作的建议吗？
I ________________________________：Could you please offer me some tips on how to improve my English writing
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．Having ________ (宣布) he needed more money to carry out the task he took charge of, he rushed to the construction site.
2．She was rewarded for her efforts with a cash ________ (奖金).
3．His weekly ________ (薪水) is higher than all of his former classmates.
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．正是在这次旅途中，史蒂夫开始对待我更像一个朋友，而不是堂弟。
It was on this trip that Steve began to treat me ________________________________________．
2．我们的图书馆坐落于学校的中心，就在花园和教学楼中间。
In the center of our school ________________， which is between the garden and the teaching building.
3．考虑完所有利弊后，我赞成这个决定，因此，我宣布我们将组织这次水果采摘活动。(话题写作之活动安排)
After considering all the pros and cons, I ________________ the decision，and thus, I ________________ we would organize the fruit-picking activity.
温馨提示：请完成晚练1
UNIT 1　SCIENCE FICTION
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1
1．(1)robot　(2)process　(3)result
2．how a robot used for housework is tested out in a family
Task 2
1．A　2.D　3.B　4.A
Task 3
1．(1)He seemed more like a human than a machine.
(2)He was tall and handsome with smooth hair and a deep voice, although his facial expression never changed.
2．(1)She looked at his fingers with wonder as they turned each page.
(2)As he held her, she felt the warmth of his body. She screamed, pushed him away，and ran to her room.
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．bonus　2.ridiculous　3.integrity　4.dignity　5.salary
6．absurd　7.suspend　8.dismiss　9.rumour　10.presume　11.weekly
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．appointment; appoint; appointed　2.guilty; guilt
3．suspend; suspension　4.declare; declaration
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．test out　2.more like　3.用……做实验　4.出差　5.更确切地说　6.转身　7.掉落　8.作为帮忙　9.惊奇地　10.拥抱某人
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．more like a human than
2．it was ridiculous that
3．make herself more beautiful and her home more elegant
4．there stood
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1．①appointment　②to perform　③appointed　④breaking this appointment
2．①guilty　②guilt　③So guilty was he that; tears of guilt clouding his eyes
3．①for　②from　③was dismissed from her post
4．①against　②declared me to be the winner of the writing contest　③declare war on/against
经典句式
1．①more like an adult to some extent than a girl　②was more diligent than clever　③more than willing to help us; more than our teacher
2．①It is obvious that　②It struck/hit/occurred to her that　③It is hoped that　④It happened that
3．①Standing outside the classroom is a boy　②Then came the moment　③there came the news　④Under a big tree sat disappointed David
用·中频词汇句式
1．tested out a new career
2．①favourable　②am in favour of this program　③would like you to do me a favor
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．declared　2.bonus　3.salary
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．more like a friend than a younger cousin　2.lies our library
3．declared for; declared that

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