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Section Ⅲ　Using Language
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．When does a kangaroo try to be independent
A．After they were born for ten days.
B．Until they can dive under the water.
C．Since they were born immediately.
D．When they are about seven or eight months old.
2．What do we know about Tasmanian devils
A．They are aggressive against humans.
B．They frighten their prey to death.
C．They belong to a rat family.
D．They make loud and frightening noise.
3．What do koalas spend most of their time doing
A．Eating and sleeping. B．Climbing and eating.
C．Staying in panic. D．Finding their food.
4．What's the main idea of the text
A．The kangaroos of Australia.
B.The koalas of Australia.
C．The creatures unique to Australia.
D．The duck-billed platypus of Australia.
Task 2 佳句妙笔生辉：应用文提能
Find at least three rhetorical devices (修辞手法) the writer uses to arouse the readers' interest.
1．This expresses the strength and resolve of the Australians as individuals and as a nation.(Part 1)________
2．They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats.(Part 3) ________
3．The noise they make could wake the dead.(Part 3)________
4．While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird，it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology.(Part 4)________
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．________ vi.& n. (dived/dove，dived) 潜水；跳水；俯冲
2．________ vt. 倡议；赞助；主办
n. (法案等的)倡议者；赞助者
3．________ n. 栅栏；围栏
4．________ n. 监狱；监禁
5．________ adj. 大；宏大的
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．________ n．分布；分配；分发→distribute v．分配；分发→distributor n．经销商；批发商
2．________ adj.暂时的；短暂的→temporarily adv.暂时地
3．________　adj.得到正式许可的→license vt.批准；许可 n．许可证；执照
4．________ n．发生率；重复率；(声波或电磁波振动的)频率→frequent adj.频繁的；经常的
5．________ adj.暴力的；猛烈的→violence n．暴力；暴行→violently adv.暴力地；猛烈地
6．________ n．能力；容量→capable adj.有能力的
7．________ n.生理；生物学→biological adj. 生物的，生物学的→biologically adv. 生物学上，生物学地
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．________________ 高峰季节
2．________________ 一群(羊或鸟)
3．________________ 少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
4．at birth ________________
5．in the interest of ________________
6．pick up ________________
7．in a good state ________________
8．come across ________________
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．[句型公式] 修辞之夸张手法
[教材原句] The noise they make ________________________．
它们发出来的噪音能把死人叫醒。
2．[句型公式] 修辞之明喻手法
[教材原句] They are about the size of small dogs and _____________________________．
它们个头跟小狗差不多，看起来像只大黑鼠。
3．[句型公式] while引导让步状语从句
[教材原句] ____________________________， it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology.
虽然它可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它实际上是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有罕见的生物特性。
4．[句型公式] There be＋n.＋定语从句
[教材原句] ________________________________________________________ in the world that can do that!
世界上具备这一能力的动物屈指可数！
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1 distribution n．分布；分配；分发
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Mom and I distributed warm clothes and hot food ________ a small crowd of people outside a local homeless shelter.
②We arrived at the ________ (distribute)center on Thursday to spend the day serving food. (读后续写之动作描写)
[写美]　完成句子
③他们将举行会议讨论救援物资的分配，救援物资将以一种公平的方式分发给那些处在困境中的人。
They will hold a meeting to ______________________________________， which will ________________ those in need in a fair way.
distribute vt. 分发；分配；分布；分类
distribute sth. to/among 把某物分配/分发给……
distribute...into... 把……分成……
[图文助记]
distribute the food to the homeless 把食物分发给无家可归的人
　
2 capacity n．能力；容量
[练透]　单句语法填空
①It's such a golden opportunity to enhance students' English ________ (capable) and appreciate the charm of the English language. (申请信)
②What matters most is that I'll be capable ________ telling students from other countries about China and learning about their countries as well.
[写美]　完成句子
③我有能力完美组织即将在本市举行的中国画展览。
______________________________________ the Chinese Painting Exhibition to be held in this local city.
(1)have a capacity to do sth. 有做某事的能力
at full capacity 以全部力量；满功率，满负载
(2)capable adj. 有能力的；足以胜任的
be capable of (doing) sth. 有能力(做)某事；能胜任(做)某事
3 a handful of少数人(或物)；一把(的量)
[写美]　完成句子
①那个饥饿的男孩咬了一大口面包， 很快就吞了下去。
The hungry boy bit ________________________， and swallowed it quickly. (读后续写之佳句)
②她抓了一把沙子，然后让它们从指缝间慢慢漏掉。
She scooped up ________________________ sand and let it trickle through her fingers.
③满嘴食物时跟别人说话是不礼貌的。
It is bad manners to speak ________________________．
a spoonful of 一勺
a mouthful of 一大口
a houseful of 一屋子
经典句式
1 句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】　While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird, it's really a primitive mammal, with a unique biology.
虽然鸭嘴兽可以像鸟一样在巢中产卵，但它实际上是一种原始的哺乳动物，具有罕见的生物特性。
[写美]　完成句子
①当我在公共汽车站等车的时候，三辆公共汽车从相反的方向开过去了。
________________________________________， three buses went by in the opposite direction.
②尽管旅游能够增长见识，但是我认为你不应该在这方面花费太多的时间和金钱。
________________________________________， I don't think it's a good idea to spend too much time and money on it.
③一些学生赞成熬夜学习，而另一些人则反对。
Some students are in favor of staying up late to study, ____________________ it.
(1)while用作从属连词，引导让步状语从句，从句常置于句首，意为“虽然，尽管”；
(2)while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……时候，和……同时”；
(3)while用作并列连词，意为“而，然而”，表示前后意义上的对比或转折。
[指津]　“虽然， 尽管”这样表达：while/although/though
2 句型公式：修辞之明喻手法
【教材原句】　They are about the size of small dogs and look like rather large black rats.
它们个头跟小狗差不多，看起来像只大黑鼠。
[写美]　完成句子
①她脸色苍白，感觉如坐针毡。
Her face turned pale, ________________________________________.
②[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]我一动也不能动， 脚就像扎根在地上一样。
My feet couldn't move a bit ________________________________．
③她非常焦虑，感觉就像是一只在热锅上的蚂蚁。
She was so anxious that she felt ________________________________．
在读后续写中可以适当采用明喻这一修辞方法，从而增加故事情节的生动性。明喻主要用到的词有like，as，as if等。
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．In my hometown this year, there will be a ________ (宏大的) celebration during the festival.
2．Two policemen held up a truck so as to inspect the driver's ________ (执照).
3．The chairwoman treated the salesman extremely badly and finally she was put into ________ (监狱).
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．与此同时，她抓了一把糖果给我，对我找到项链表示感谢。
Meanwhile, she grabbed ______________________ for me to express her appreciation for my finding the necklace.
2．有人鼓励我，资助我的教育，我的精神大大提高了。
________________________________________________________， my spirits were greatly lifted up.
3．得知我的搭档完全没有了身体上的痛苦，我的担忧最终消失了。
Learning that my partner was completely ____________________， my worry eventually melted away.
温馨提示：请完成晚练3
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1
1．D　2.D　3.A　4.C
Task 2
1．暗喻　2.明喻　3.夸张　4.明喻
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．dive　2.sponsor　3.fence　4.prison　5.grand
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．distribution　2.temporary　3.licensed　4.frequency
5．violent　6.capacity　7.biology
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．peak season　2.a flock of　3.a handful of　4.在出生时　5.为了……的利益　6.捡起　7.状态良好　8.偶遇
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．could wake the dead
2．look like rather large black rats
3．While it may lay eggs in a nest like a bird
4．There are only a small handful of animals
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1．①to　②distribution　③discuss the distribution of aid supplies; be distributed to
2．①capability　②of　③I have the capacity to perfectly organize
3．①a mouthful of bread　②a handful of　③with a mouthful of food
经典句式
1．①While I was waiting at the bus stop　②While travelling can broaden your mind　③while others are against
2．①as she felt like sitting on pins and needles　②as if I were rooted in the ground　③as if she were an ant on a hot pan
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．grand　2.license　3.prison
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．a handful of candies
2．With someone encouraging me and sponsoring my education
3．free from/of physical painUNIT 2　ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
(主题语境——人与社会之标志性风物)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1 框架宏观建构： 整体理解
1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
2．What's the main idea of this passage
The passage includes ____________， which are about the author's travel ________ in Australia.
Task 2 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．How many days did the writer stay in Australia
A．About 4 days. B．About 6 days.
C．About 7 days. D．About 12 days.
2．What impressed the writer most in Australia
A．The different but yummy food.
B．The amazing instrument didgeridoo.
C．The mix of peoples and cultures.
D．The iconic sites.
3．What can we know about the didgeridoo according to the passage
A．It has no finger holes.
B．It is an amazing instrument.
C．Its player has to change the shape of his mouth to change pitch.
D．All of the above.
4．What can we infer from the passage
A．The writer and his friend ate Sunday roast.
B．The writer visited Sydney Opera House.
C．The writer was able to play the didgeridoo.
D．The writer liked the food of Australia most.
Task 3 佳句妙笔生辉：续写提能
1.细读短文并找出描写澳大利亚地理位置的句子。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．细读短文并找出描写关于作者对澳大利亚印象的句子。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．________ n. 公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节
adj. 联合的；共同的
2．________ adj. 中空的；空心的
3．________ adj. 坦率的；简单的
4．________ n. 标语；口号
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．________ n．创建；基础；地基→________ vt.创办；创建；建立→________ n．创建者；创始人
2．________ adj.政治的→politics n．政治(学) →politician n．从政者；政治家
3．________ adj.位于→________ n．位置→________ vt.使坐落于vi.定位；定居
4．________ n．面包(糕饼)店；面包厂→________ vt.烤，烘焙
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．________________ 把……称作
2．________________ 迫不及待做
3．________________ 以……为专业
4．________________ 原产于……
5．________________ 和……保持联系
6．________________ 由……组成
7．feel at home ________________
8．make up ________________
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．[句型公式] to do不定式作目的状语
[教材原句] ________________________________________， the Aborigines had to be in close contact with nature.
为了在大洋中这片辽阔的土地上生存，澳大利亚土著人得和大自然保持密切的联系。
2．[句型公式] wherever引导地点状语从句
[教材原句] They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home ________________________．
他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性洒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。
3．[句型公式] “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
[教材原句] Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, ________________ there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
他们的大多数乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种叫作迪吉里杜管的神奇乐器。
4．[句型公式] It is said that...意为“据说……”
[教材原句] ________________ now nearly half of all Australian citizens were either born overseas or have parents who were born overseas.
据说现在将近一半的澳大利亚公民要么是他们自己出生于海外，要么是他们的父母出生于海外。
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1 foundation n．创建；基础；地基；基金会
[练透]　单句语法填空
①[2024·浙江1月卷]This experience gave her a new sense of confidence in her abilities and laid a solid ________ (found) for her to face other challenges in the future.
②________ (found)10 years ago, Youth has been enjoying great popularity among students.
[写美]　完成句子
③我从中得到了人生的教训：信任是友谊的基础。(续写佳句之升华)
From that I got a lesson in life that trust is ________________________.
(1)lay a foundation for 为……奠定基础
(2)found vt. 建立；创建
found a club/company 创办俱乐部/公司
(3)founder n. 建立者
[巧学助记]　Mr Smith, the founder of the amusement park, founded a primary school, which laid a solid foundation for the education of the local area.
那个游乐园的创建者史密斯先生，创办了一所小学，这为当地的教育打下了坚实的基础。
2 located adj.位于，处于；坐落在
[练透]　单句语法填空
①________ (locate) in the center of the city, the Green Lake Hotel is a wonderful choice for your accommodation.
②The ________ (locate) of the event is in the schoolyard, hoping that you are actively involved in the donation activity.
[写美]　完成句子
③这个农场被绿树环绕，坐落在我们学校附近的山脚下。
Surrounded by green trees, the farm ________________________________ near our school.
(1)be located in/on/at 位于；坐落于
(2)locate vt. 使……坐落(于)
(3)location n. 位置；地点
[小词汇·大文化]　Xi'an, located/situated in Northwest China's Shaanxi Province, served as the capital of 13 dynasties in Chinese history. 西安，位于中国西北部的陕西省，曾是中国历史上13个朝代的都城。
3 refer to...as...把……称作……
[练透]　单句语法填空
①If you conflict with your classmates, you can refer the matter ________ your head teacher.
②You can solve problems with the help of ________ (refer) books, such as a dictionary. (应用文之建议信)
[写美]　完成句子
③在我看来，这份报纸堪称最有用的学习工具。例如，当你渴望了解西方节日时，你可以查阅外国文化版块。
Personally speaking, the newspaper ________________ the most useful English learning tool. For example，when you have an urge to learn about western festivals, you can ________ the column of foreign cultures.
(1)refer to 指的是；提到，说到，提及；查阅，参考
refer...to... 把……委托/交付给……
(2)in/with reference to 关于
[指津]　“查阅字典”这样表达：refer to/consult the dictionary
4 on the other hand (可是)另一方面
[写美]　完成句子
①我渴望组织好这次主题班会，但另一方面我有点焦虑。
I have an urge to organize the theme class meeting well, but ________________________________．
②一方面我们应该发展经济；另一方面我们应该保护环境。
________________， we should develop our economy; ________________， we should protect the environment.
③上周日我校举行了中国传统文化展。一则，它能使来访者更好地理解中国传统；二则，它能使来访者感受中国文化的独特之美。
A Traditional Chinese Culture Fair was held by our school last Sunday. ________________， it enabled visitors to understand Chinese traditions better. ____________， it made visitors feel the unique beauty of Chinese culture.
on (the) one hand...; on the other hand... 一方面……；另一方面(却)……
first(ly)...; second(ly)... 第一……；第二……
for one thing...；for another... 一则……；二则……
[点津]　on (the) one hand...; on the other hand...用于引出不同的，尤指对立的观点、思想等。另外，on the other hand也可以单独使用。
5 breathe in 吸气，把……吸入
[写美]　完成句子
①呼吸乡间的新鲜空气而不吸入城市的烟尘是有益的。
It's good ________________________ instead of city smoke.
②当听说他的侄女脱离了危险时，他松了口气。
When hearing that his niece was out of danger, he ________________．
③由于担心我生病的搭档，我上气不接下气地跑进病房询问他的健康状况。
Concerned about my sick partner，I came running into the ward, ________________， and asked him about his state of health.
(1)breathe out 呼出
(2)breath n. 呼吸
out of breath 上气不接下气
经典句式
1 句型公式：“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句
【教材原句】　Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo.
他们的大多数乐器其实就是在地上找到的树枝，其中就有一种叫作迪吉里杜管的神奇乐器。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Whenever I encounter difficulties in English study，you always cheer me up and help me out, ________ which I am really grateful to you.
②Actually, the film you see on the screen is the product of a huge amount of hard work, most of ________ takes place behind the scenes.
[写美]　句式升级
③The activity raises our awareness of caring about nature. Its aim is to draw our attention to environmental protection.
→The activity, ________________________________________________， raises our awareness of caring about nature.
→The activity, ___________________________________________________， raises our awareness of caring about nature.
当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句。如果指“人”，用“介词＋whom”；如果指“物”，则用“介词＋which”。
(1)one/two/several/most/each/all/both of which/whom
(2)the＋名词＋of which/whom
2 句型公式：wherever引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】　They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went．
他们对待生活的态度简单直率、随性洒脱，他们的友善和热情让我无论走到哪里都有宾至如归的感觉。
[写美]　完成句子
①我愿意帮助别人，无论我走到哪里，都能传播快乐，这也激励着同学们效仿。(申请信)
I am willing to help others and spread happiness ________________， which inspires fellow students to follow suit.
②无论她待在哪里，空气中都弥漫着她温柔甜美的声音。
________________， her soft and sweet voice fills the air.
③在我看来，无论我们选择什么方法，是我们内心的兴趣和热情让我们在英语上取得辉煌的进步。
From my point of view, ________________________________， it is our inner interest and enthusiasm that allow us to make brilliant progress in English.
“特殊疑问词＋-ever”引导状语从句
(1)“特殊疑问词＋-ever”可引导让步状语从句。
(2)“特殊疑问词＋-ever”可引导名词性从句，在句中要充当一定的成分。
(3)“no matter＋特殊疑问词”只能引导让步状语从句。
用·中频词汇句式
1 joint n．公共场所(尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所)；关节　adj.联合的；共同的
[练透]　完成句子
①在他们的共同努力下，这个受伤并被埋在倒塌的城堡下的人得救了。(读后续写之动作描写)
________________________， the man who got injured and buried under the fallen castle was saved.
②只有通过我们的共同行动，我们才能解决这个棘手的问题。(应用文之倡议书)
________________________________ we can solve the tough problem.
2 arrow n．箭头；箭
[练透]　完成句子
他鼓足了全身的力气，像箭一样冲向终点。
He gathered all his strength and ________________________________________.
3 lead to 导致；造成；通往
[练透]　完成句子
①一些没有礼貌的人随意停放自行车，这导致了城市的混乱。
Some people with bad manners park the bicycle everywhere at their will, ________________________________________．
②我相信每个人都可以向他学习，过上更积极、更有成效的校园生活。
I believe everybody can learn from him and _____________________________ on campus.
4 句型公式：动词不定式作状语
[练透]　完成句子
①为欢迎我们来自美国的朋友，学生会将在8月15日星期六晚上组织一个聚会。 (通知)
________________________________________， the Students' Union will organize a party on Saturday evening, August 15.
②为了帮助学生们体验中国传统艺术作品，我们学校将组织高中生艺术展览。 (通知)
________________________________________________________， our school is going to organize the High School Students' Art Exhibition.
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．As we all know, the ________ (口号) of 2022 Beijing Winter Olympics is “Together for a Shared Future”．
2．Qingdao is a city ________ (位于) on the eastern coast of China, which attracts many visitors.
3．With perseverance and ________ (共同的)efforts, we will be able to make the environment better.
4．So guilty and regretful was she that she felt as if scores of ________ (箭) pierced her chest.
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．只有我们共同努力，我们才能真正改变我们的环境。
Only if we ________________ can we really make a difference to our environment.
2．为了表达我们对生活在福利院的孩子们的关心和爱护，本学期我们将在每周六下午组织一次社会活动。
________________________________ to the children living in the welfare center, we will organize a social activity every Saturday afternoon this term.
3．常言道：“勤能补拙。”
As the saying goes，“ Diligence can ________________ a lack of intelligence.”
温馨提示：请完成晚练1
UNIT 2　ICONIC ATTRACTIONS
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1
1．(1)travel　(2)impressions　(3)Aborigines　(4)multiculturalism
2．four blogs; experiences
Task 2
1．B　2.C　3.D　4.A
Task 3
1．Located to the south of the equator，below many other countries on the globe, it's often informally referred to as “down under”．
2．(1)After being here for a while, my biggest impression is the complicated mix of peoples and cultures that make up the nation.
(2)Personally speaking, what I like most about Australia is the people themselves. They have a straightforward and free-and-easy attitude towards life, and their friendliness and warmth made me feel at home wherever I went.
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．joint　2.hollow　3.straightforward　4.slogan
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．foundation; found; founder　2.political　3.located; location; locate　4.bakery; bake
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．refer to...as　2.can't wait to do　3.major in　4.be native to　5.in contact with　6.consist of　7.感到轻松自在　8.构成；弥补；编造；化妆
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．To survive in this vast land on the ocean
2．wherever I went
3．among which
4．It is said that
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1．①foundation　②Founded　③the foundation of friendship
2．①Located　②location　③is located at the foot of the hill
3．①to　②reference　③is referred to as; refer to
4．①on the other hand I am a bit anxious　②On the one hand; on the other hand　③For one thing; For another
5．①to breathe (in) fresh country air　②breathed a sigh of relief　③out of breath
经典句式
1．①for　②which　③the aim of which is to draw our attention to environmental protection; whose aim is to draw our attention to environmental protection
2．①wherever I go　②Wherever she stays　③whatever method we choose
用·中频词汇句式
1．①With their joint efforts　②It is only through our joint action that
2．made a dash for the finish like an arrow
3．①which leads to the disorder of the city　②lead a more positive and productive life
4．①To welcome our friends from the United States　②To help students experience traditional Chinese art works
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．slogan　2.located　3.joint　4.arrows
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．make joint efforts　2.To show our love and concern
3．make up forSection Ⅳ　Writing——如何描写标志性动物
通·题型解读
本单元的写作任务是描写标志性动物，属于描写性说明文。行文时要抓住该动物的主要特征进行描述，要求语言简明扼要，通俗易懂。该文体通常用第三人称，时态以一般现在时为主。
析·谋篇思路
积·满分素材
首段：夺人眼球开头句
1．This is a cute animal, which is loved by most kids.
这是一种可爱的动物，受到大多数孩子的喜爱。
2．It is a unique animal living in the deep valley.
它是生活在深谷中的一种独一无二的动物。
中段：亮点出彩篇中句
1．The animal has a thin face with two big and bright eyes on it.
这种动物有一张瘦瘦的脸，脸上有两只又大又亮的眼睛。
2．It is native to Africa and it spends most time in the forest.
它产自非洲，大部分时间都在森林里度过。
3．It feeds on grass and is friendly to people.
它是食草动物，对人类很友好。
4．The local villagers have been living in harmony with the animal.
当地村民一直和这种动物和谐相处。
尾段：韵味无穷结尾句
1．Let's make joint efforts to protect the endangered animals!
让我们共同努力来保护濒危动物吧！
2．It's high time that we should live in harmony with nature.
到了我们应该与自然和谐相处的时候了。
3．Finally, we should let people know the importance of protecting the endangered animals.
最后，我们应该让人们知道保护濒危动物的重要性。
练·写作规范
[2024·宁德高二检测]根据以下要点，写一篇有关濒危动物——金丝猴的短文。
1．栖息地：大部分金丝猴生活在中国；
2．外貌：金黄色，有点灰；尾巴几乎和身体一样长；
3．生活环境：高山密林；
4．生活习性： 主要在树上生活，群居，吃水果、坚果、树叶等；
5．它们的数量减少及原因，呼吁人们保护金丝猴。
注意：1.写作词数应为 80个左右；
2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
The Golden Monkey
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第一步：认真审题　谋篇布局
第二步：斟词酌句　靓化表达
1．金丝猴主要分布在中国。
Golden monkeys ________________________________________.
2．金丝猴是一种可爱的动物，全身长满金色和略带灰色的毛，尾巴和身体一样长。
Golden monkeys ________________________________ golden and a bit grey hair with their tails as ________________________.
3．由于它们以家庭为单位生活在山区的森林中，它们的大部分活动都发生在树上。
________________________________________________________________， most of their activities occur in the trees.(原因状语从句)
→________________________________________________________， most of their activities occur in the trees.(分词作状语)
4．现在这种濒临灭绝的动物正在遭受栖息地的丧失，它们的数量正在减少。
Now this endangered animal ________________________________ and their population is decreasing.
5．正因为如此，它们受到国家的一级保护。
________________， they are under our country's first-class protection.
6．人们敦促公众提高保护这种稀有动物的意识。
________________________________________________________________ to protect this rare animal.(it作形式主语)
→The public ________________________________________ to protect this rare animal.
第三步：词句升级
7．用非限制性定语从句提升句1、2。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
8．用定语从句提升句4、5。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第四步：合理过渡　完美卷面
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
温馨提示：请完成晚练4
单元素养评价（二）
Section Ⅳ　Writing——如何描写标志性动物
练·写作规范
第二步
1．are mostly distributed in China
2．are lovely animals covered in; the same length as their bodies
3．As they live in family groups in the forests of mountainous areas; Living in family groups in the forests of mountainous areas
4．is suffering from habitat loss
5．Because of this
6．It is urged that the public should promote their awareness; are urged to promote their awareness
第三步
7．Golden monkeys, which are mostly distributed in China, are lovely animals covered in golden and a bit grey hair with their tails as the same length as their bodies.
8．Now this endangered animal is suffering from habitat loss and their population is decreasing, for which/because of which they are under our country's first-class protection.
第四步
参考范文：
The Golden Monkey
Golden monkeys, which are mostly distributed in China, are lovely animals covered in golden and a bit grey hair with their tails as the same length as their bodies. As they live in family groups in the forests of mountainous areas, most of their activities occur in the trees. They generally feed upon fruits, nuts as well as leaves.
Now this endangered animal is suffering from habitat loss and their population is decreasing, for which they are under our country's first-class protection. It is urged that the public should promote their awareness to protect this rare animal.Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language——复习过去分词
预学案
观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的组成：
1．Located to the south of the equator, below many other countries on the globe，it's often informally referred to as “down under”．
2．I'm more interested in meeting people in Australia and experiencing their culture，food，and way of life.
3．Most of their musical instruments are really just sticks found on the ground, among which there is an amazing instrument called the didgeridoo．
4．A skilled player can play for a long time without stopping to breathe.
5．I tried to learn how to play it, but after trying for hours, I was convinced that I could never make a musical sound with this instrument!
6．Although the main cultural influence since 1788 has been Western culture，minority cultures have also played a part in shaping the unique Australian culture，with many of the new cultural influences contributed by immigrants．
自我感悟
过去分词作表语 句___________
过去分词作定语 句___________
过去分词作宾语补足语 句___________
过去分词作状语 句___________
研学案
探·语法课堂学习
过去分词是非谓语动词形式之一。过去分词保留着动词的部分特性，有完成和被动含义，和状语构成过去分词短语。在句法功能上，过去分词(短语)与形容词或副词作用类似，在句子中可充当定语、状语、宾语补足语、表语等成分。
一、过去分词作定语
及物动词的过去分词作定语往往表示被动和完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定语不表示被动，只表示完成。
1．表示被动和完成
①This science fiction published last year is popular with young men.
去年出版的这本科幻小说深受年轻人的欢迎。
②The appointment made yesterday was cancelled because of an urgent event.
由于紧急的活动昨天的预约被取消了。
2．只表完成， 不表示被动
When I woke up, I found the ground was covered with fallen leaves.
当我醒来时，我发现地上全是落叶。
[名师点津]　过去分词作定语和现在分词作定语的区别：
(1)语态不同：过去分词表示被动；现在分词表示主动。
The herb planted last year is thriving in the garden.
去年种的药草在园子里欣欣向荣。
The house standing at the corner of the street was built in 2019.
矗立在街角的那所房子是在2019年建造的。
(2)过去分词(done)、现在分词的被动语态(being done)与动词不定式的被动语态(to be done)作定语的区别
意义 形式 语态 时态
done 被动 完成
being done 被动 进行
to be done 被动 尚未发生
The building built last year is our classroom building.
去年建造的大楼是我们的教学楼。
The building being built now is our classroom building.
现在正在建造的大楼是我们的教学楼。
The building to be built next month is our classroom building.
下个月将要建造的大楼是我们的教学楼。
[即学即练1]　单句语法填空
①[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]Not the pandas, even though the language ________ (use)for the medical training instructions is actually English.
②Producing food that no one eats wastes the water, fuel, and other resources ________ (use) to grow it.
③The players ________ (select) from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
④Tell the children ________ (play) outside not to make too much noise.
二、过去分词作表语
位于系动词(如be, get, become, look, feel, seem, remain等)之后，多表示主语的状态或状况，它所体现的是形容词的特性。
I am delighted to hear from you and feel excited about your intention of studying at a university in China.
收到你的来信我很高兴，并且我对你打算在中国读大学感到很兴奋。
[名师点津]　过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语时，强调主语所处的状态，而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，强调动作。
The cup is broken.
杯子破了。(系表结构)
The cup was broken by Tom.
杯子是被汤姆打破的。(被动语态)
[即学即练2]　单句语法填空
①While rock-climbing, you need to remain very ________ (focus)so that you won't make any dangerous errors.
②Everything that happens next during the procedure must be ________ (relate)to this story.
③My childhood was ________ (fill)with arts, crafts and music, and every day was an exciting adventure of creation.
④It was only the next day when he was about to take bath, he remembered the watch was ________ (lose).
三、过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语与宾语有着动宾关系，宾语是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。以下是几类能够接过去分词作宾语补足语的动词(短语)。
1．表示感觉或心理状态的动词(短语)，如see, watch, observe, find, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等。
The premier was glad to see this political problem solved in a peaceful way.
总理很高兴看到这个政治问题以一种和平方式得到解决。
2．表示“致、使”意义的动词，如have, make, get, keep, leave等。
By that time, I was still speaking broken English but I could make myself understood．
那时，我还说着一口蹩脚的英语，但是，我可以让别人听懂我。
[名师点津]　“have＋宾语＋过去分词”的三种含义
(1)表示“让别人做某事”
I'll have my hair cut tomorrow．
明天我要去理发。
(2)表示“遭遇某种不幸；受到打击”
He had his wallet stolen．
他的钱包被偷了。
(3)做某事(主语可能参与其中)
I had my house repaired last week．
上周，我修补了房子。
3．表示“希望、要求”等意义的动词，如like, want, wish, order等。
This salesman would like this matter settled at once.
这位售货员希望此事立刻得到解决。
4．with的复合结构中
Nowadays, with more subway lines built in our city, it is more convenient for people to go everywhere.
当今，由于我们市建造了更多的地铁路线，人们出行更方便了。
[即学即练3]　单句语法填空
①Every night it goes on the web, keeping parents and the world ________ (inform) of the happenings at Pali.
②Even the best writers sometimes find themselves ________ (lose) for words.
③These include plants that have sensors ________ (print) onto their leaves to show when they're short of water.
④They make great gifts and you see them many times ________ (decorate) with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.
四、过去分词(短语)作状语
表示被动或完成的动作，可以表示时间、原因、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。
1．作时间状语
过去分词作时间状语时，相当于一个由when, while, after, once等引导的时间状语从句。
Seen from the top of the mountain (＝When it is seen from the top of the mountain), the whole town looks more beautiful.
从山顶上看，整个城市看起来更美了。
2．作原因状语
过去分词作原因状语时，相当于一个由as, since, because等引导的原因状语从句。
Absorbed in writing a science fiction (Because John was absorbed in writing a science fiction), John didn't notice evening approaching.
由于专心写科幻小说，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。
3．作条件状语
过去分词作条件状语时，相当于一个由if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。
Given another chance (＝If he is given another chance), he will be superior to his brother.
再给他一次机会，他会做得比他哥哥更好。
4．作让步状语
过去分词作让步状语时，相当于一个由though, although, even if/though等引导的让步状语从句。
Exhausted by the running (＝Although he was exhausted by the running), he went on running after the pet dog.
尽管已经跑得筋疲力尽，他还是继续追赶着宠物狗。
5．作方式或伴随状语
过去分词作方式或伴随状语时，可以转换成一个并列句。
The chairwoman came in, followed by her secretary.
＝The chairwoman came in, and she was followed by her secretary.
这个女董事长进来了，后面跟着她的秘书。
[名师点津]　(1)过去分词作状语时，其前面可以带有相应的连词，如when, though, although, as if, as though, if, unless, until, once等，表时间、让步、条件、方式等。
If (I am) invited, I will attend the wedding of my friend.
如果受到邀请，我会参加我朋友的婚礼。
(2)过去分词(短语)作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。
Caught, the thief will be punished by the police.(caught的逻辑主语为the thief)
小偷如果被抓，就会受到警方的处罚。
(3)有些过去分词已形容词化，作状语时表示人的状态。常见的有satisfied, surprised, interested, moved, worried, pleased, disappointed等。
Disappointed at the examination results, the girl stood there without saying a word.
因为对考试结果很失望，小女孩站在那里一句话也没说。
[即学即练4]　单句语法填空
①[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷读后续写] ________ (encourage) by his words, I agreed to give it a try.
②[2024·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写] ________ (satisfy), he gave me a thumbs-up, praised me a lot for my honesty and also thanked me for the tip, but I told him that he deserved it.
③________ (welcome) by Jennifer and her parents with open arms, he felt very ________ (excite).
学·语言要点知识
1 entitle vt.给……命名(或题名)；使享有权利
[练透]　单句语法填空
①The holidays were fast approaching, and we were entitled ________ $25 for Christmas from social services.
②I feel very honoured to stand here and deliver a speech ________ (entitle) “My Ideal Career”．
[写美]　完成句子
③本周日，我们学校将在学校体育场举行主题为“我们的地球，我们的家”的环保活动。(邀请信)
Our school will ________________________________________________ “Our Earth, Our Home” in our school's stadium this Sunday.
(1)be entitled to (do) sth. 获得权利做某事
be entitled sth. (书、戏剧等)名为……
entitle sb. to sth. 给予某人某种权利；
使某人有资格获得某
事物或做某事
(2)entitlement n. 授权；有资格
2 freedom n．自由；不受……影响的状态
[练透]　单句语法填空
①I do understand my mother's concerns, but I hope they will give me the ________ (free) and chance to pursue my dreams and learn by trial and error.
②[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷应用文]Hence, it would be a great idea for us to choose partners ________ (free).
③Besides enriching our school life, the winter hiking also ________ (free) us students from the heavy work of study.
[写美]　完成句子
④保持环境清洁和无污染是健康生活的关键步骤。
________________________________________________ is the key step to make life healthy.
(1)freedom of speech 言论自由
have the freedom to do sth. 有(做)……的自由
(2)free adj. 自由的；不受……影响的；免费的
keep...free from/of 使……免受(影响、伤害等)
(3)freely adv. 自由地；随意地
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[2024·浙江1月卷]Over the last two years, some supermarkets ____________ (start) selling chicken or salad in packs ________ (design) with two halves containing separate portions (份).
2．After the flag was raised, one student delivered a speech ________ (title) “I will do my part to make China prosperous”．
3．All of us were ________ (tire) but delighted because we did good things to others and to the environment.
4．One of my classmates got ________ (injure) accidentally and without hesitation Mrs Wu took him to hospital for medical treatment at once.
5．The steward was surprised to find his room thoroughly ________ (clean) and everything ________ (arrange) in a perfect order.
6．________ (face) with the environmental problem caused by plastic bottles in our school, we are writing this letter to raise your awareness of the need to protect our school.
Ⅱ.使用本单元所学语法知识(过去分词)翻译下面的语段
The young woman painter was ambitious and she 1.________________________________________________ (想把她的画陈列在画廊里), but she wondered whether they would be very popular. 2.________________________________ (在父母的鼓励下), she had them shown as planned. 3.________________________________________________ (这些画得很漂亮的作品一经展出), the works won high praise from the audience. She and her parents 4.____________________________ (对这个结果感到满意).
温馨提示：请完成晚练2
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language——复习过去分词
预学案
自我感悟
2、5; 3、4; 6; 1
研学案
探·语法课堂学习
[即学即练1]　①used　②used　③selected　④playing
[即学即练2]　①focused　②related　③filled　④lost
[即学即练3]　①informed　②lost　③printed　④decorated
[即学即练4]　①Encouraged　②Satisfied　③Welcomed; excited
学·语言要点知识
1．①to　②entitled　③hold an environmental protection activity entitled
2．①freedom　②freely　③freed　④Keeping the environment clean and free of pollution
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．have started; designed　2.titled　3.tired　4.injured
5．cleaned; arranged　6.Faced
Ⅱ.使用本单元所学语法知识(过去分词)翻译下面的语段
1．wanted her paintings displayed in the gallery
2．Encouraged by her parents
3．Once the beautifully painted works were on show
4．were satisfied with the result

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