资源简介

Section Ⅲ　Using Language
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What's the first author's attitude towards sea exploration
A．Indifferent. B．Supportive.
C．Opposed. D．Doubtful.
2．What does the second paragraph in Text 1 mainly focus on
A．The solutions of sea exploration.
B．The cause of sea exploration.
C．The effect of plastic exploration.
D．The problems of sea exploration.
3．How does the first author support his topic
A．By listing facts.
B．By giving examples.
C．By making comparisons.
D．By analysing problems.
4．What makes it necessary for us to explore sea
A．The development of technology.
B．The rising number of population.
C．The valuable minerals under the sea.
D．The damage caused by earthquakes.
Task 2 佳句妙笔生辉：应用文提能
1.找出证明消极一面的表达。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．找出证明积极一面的表达。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．________ vt. 对……征税；使纳税
n. 税；税款
2．________ adj. 有人控制的；需人操纵的
3．________ adv. 与此同时；(比较两方面)对比之下
4．________ vt. 开发；利用；剥削
5．________ vt. 谋杀；凶杀；毁坏
n. 谋杀；凶杀
6．________ n. 反对者；对手；竞争者
7．________ vt. 把……载入正式记录；记录
n. 正式记录；日志；原木
8．________ n. 逮捕；拘留；中止
vt. 逮捕；拘留；阻止
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．________ n．政治；政治观点→political adj.政治的→politician n．政治家
2．________ n．职业；行业→professional adj.专业的；职业的→professor n．教授；教师；教员
3．________ n．混合；结合体；混合物→mix vt.配制；混淆；使混合→mixed adj.混合的；人员混杂的
4．________ n．新闻报道；覆盖范围→cover vt.包括；报道；行走；涉及；覆盖
5．________ vt.& vi.鼓掌 vt.称赞；赞赏→applause n．鼓掌；掌声；喝彩
6．________ n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠→merciful adj.仁慈的；慈悲的；宽容的→merciless adj.残忍的；无慈悲心的
7．________ n．[usually pl.]个人财产；拥有；控制→possess vt.控制；使掌握；具有；迷住；拥有
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．talk of ________________
2．look for ________________
3．without mercy ________________
4．be home to ________________
5．take action ________________
6．amounts of... ________________
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．[句型公式] so...that...引导结果状语从句
[教材原句] The son loved his parents ________________ he promised not to swim.
儿子非常爱他的父母，所以他答应不去游泳。
2．[句型公式] as引导时间状语从句
[教材原句] Hopefully, ________________________________， we may have more options for managing this balance.
随着技术的进步，我们有望会有更多的选择来驾驭这一平衡。
3．[句型公式] 动名词(短语)作主语
[教材原句] ________________________________ will also help us manage its resources better.
深入了解海洋也有助于我们更好地管理其资源。
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1 mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；恩惠
[练透]　单句语法填空
①________ the mercy of the strong wind, the little trees on the top of the mountain couldn't stand up straight.
②She is a kind-hearted woman and often has mercy ________ people who are in trouble.
③________ (mercy) and thoughtful Mrs Meredith had mercy on/showed mercy to them and offered to bring them food and medicine.
[写美]　完成句子
④很可能大卫会被其他孩子无情地嘲笑，这会把他扔进无尽的痛苦深渊。
It was likely that David ________________________________________________， which would throw him into an abyss of endless misery.
(1)对……怜悯/宽恕
without mercy 残忍地；毫不留情地
at the mercy of... 任由……摆布
(2)merciful adj. 仁慈的；宽容的
2 possession n．个人财产；拥有；控制
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Please keep in mind that only by ________ (possess)a good state of mind can you be likely to attain success.
②You should ask your roommates' permission before you use their ________ (possess).
[写美]　一句多译
③他们拥抱在一起，仿佛拥有了一切。
Hugging each other, they felt as if they were ________________ everything.
＝Hugging each other, they felt as if everything was ________________ them.
(1)in possession of 具有；拥有
in the possession of 被……拥有；归……所有
take possession of 占有；拥有
(2)possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配；控制
[指津]　“个人财产”常用复数“possessions”呦！
3 arrest n．逮捕；拘留；中止　vt.逮捕；拘留；阻止；吸引(注意)
[练透]　单句语法填空
①During the strike，a great many young people got ________ (arrest) and they are still under arrest.
②The young man was arrested ________ having stolen his neighbour's computers.
[写美]　完成句子
③一个警察来逮捕了他，并以破坏商店橱窗的罪名把他关进了监狱。(读后续写之动作描写)
It was a policeman ____________________ and put him into prison for destroying the shop window.
(1)arrest one's attention 引起某人的注意
arrest sb. for (doing) sth. 因(做)某事而逮捕某人
get arrested 遭逮捕
(2)make an arrest 进行拘捕
[熟词生义]　The reply informed him that her condition had worsened, but everything was being done to arrest further progress of the disease.
回信告诉他，她的病情已经恶化，但正在尽一切努力阻止疾病的进一步发展。(vt. 阻止；终止)
4 applaud vt.& vi.鼓掌　vt.称赞；赞赏
[练透]　单句语法填空
①________ for others is also to cheer his own life.
②After the short ceremony was over, a small audience of family and friends ________________ applause.
[写美]　完成句子
③选手们用娴熟的双手缝制、粘贴，同学们在一旁欢呼、鼓掌。
The competitors were sewing and attaching with their skillful hands, ________________________________________________________________．
(1)applaud for 为……鼓掌/喝彩
(2)applause n. 鼓掌；掌声
gain one's applause 赢得某人的掌声
burst into thunderous/storming applause 爆发出雷鸣般的掌声
[熟词生义]　All the people present at the meeting applaud my decision.
所有出席会议的人都赞成我的决定。(vt.赞成)
经典句式
1 句型公式：as引导时间状语从句
【教材原句】　Hopefully, as technology improves, we may have more options for managing this balance.
随着技术的进步，我们有望会有更多的选择来驾驭这一平衡。
[写美]　完成句子
①随着教师节的临近，今年我们班决定换一种方式举行一场晚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。
________________________________________， our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day for a change this year.
②尽管大卫累得满头大汗，他跑过来拥抱我，脸上带着他惯常的笑，露出满口牙齿。
________________________________， he ran to me for a hug, wearing his usual big toothy smile.
③想到为母亲节准备的惊喜，这对双胞胎充满了兴奋。
The twins were filled with excitement ________________________________ they were planning for Mother's Day.
as作连词的主要用法如下：
(1)意为“如同；按照”，引导方式状语从句；
(2)意为“当……的时候；一面……一面……；随着……”，引导时间状语从句；
(3)意为“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句；
(4)意为“尽管”，引导让步状语从句，常用倒装语序，可与though互换。
2 句型公式：so...that...引导结果状语从句
【教材原句】　The son loved his parents so much that he promised not to swim.
儿子如此爱他的父母，以至于他答应不去游泳。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①Our world now moves ________ fast that we seldom stop to see just how far we have come in just a few years.
②As can be seen from the picture, a young man is burdened with ________ heavy work that it seems as if he can hardly bear it any more.
[写美]　完成句子
③看着美味的早餐，妈妈是如此感动，愉快的泪水从她的脸颊流下来。
Seeing the delicious breakfast，the mother was ________________________________________________________________．
(1)so＋
(2)such＋
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．A month later, Henry wasn't starved nor ________ (逮捕), but became a millionaire.
2．________ (同时), I can learn how to get along well with the students and benefit the whole school.
3．She fully ________ (开发) the humor of her role in the play and made it a great success.
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．It's high time that we should ________________ (采取措施) to protect the oceans.
2．I have made ________________________________ (取得如此巨大的进步) all my teachers applauded me.
3．No one standing here, a wave of disappointment ______________________ (控制) me deeply.
温馨提示：请完成晚练3
Section Ⅲ　Using Language
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1
1．C　2.D　3.A　4.B
Task 2
1．(1)...cause many problems；
(2)...is also bad；
(3)...is very damaging；
(4)...negative cycle；
(5)...is another problem；
(6)...without mercy.
2．(1)...help address important issues；
(2)...more research is necessary；
(3)...help us manage its resources better；
(4)...help us discover new medicines；
(5)...help us to predict events.
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．tax　2.manned　3.meanwhile　4.exploit　5.murder
6．opponent　7.log　8.arrest
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．politics　2.profession　3.mixture　4.coverage　5.applaud
6．mercy　7.possession
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．谈论　2.寻找　3.无情地　4.是……的家园　5.采取行动
6．大量的……
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．so much that
2．as technology improves
3．Understanding more about the sea
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1．①At　②on　③Merciful　④would be laughed at by the other kids without mercy
2．①possessing　②possessions　③in possession of; in the possession of
3．①arrested　②for　③who came to arrest him
4．①Applaud　②burst into　③during which the classmates were cheering and applauding
经典句式
1．①As Teachers' Day was approaching　②Tired and sweaty as David was　③as they thought of the surprise
2．①so　②such　③so moved that delightful tears rolled down her cheeks
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．arrested　2.Meanwhile　3.exploited
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．take action
2．such great progress that
3．took possession ofUNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION
(主题语境——人与自然之海洋探索)
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1 框架宏观建构： 整体理解
1.Match the main idea with each part.
Part 1（Para.1）：　　
Part 2（Paras.2～3）：　　
Part 3（Paras. 4～5）：　　
Part 4（Para.6）：　　
A．The sea exploration in ancient China．
B．The sea exploration in today's China.
C．The reasons to explore other places．
D．The exploration in the future．
2．What's the main idea of this passage
It's about the ________________________ of China's exploring the sea.
Task 2 文本微观剖析：细节探究
Read the text carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．Why did merchants and explorers try to explore the seas across the world
A．They liked to do it.
B．They are forced to do it.
C．They needed to complete the world map.
D．They were inspired by Marco Polo.
2．What's the author's attitude towards Zheng He
A．Critical. B．Supportive.
C．Indifferent. D．Doubtful.
3．Why did China start the Belt and Road Initiative
A．To sell tea to the western countries.
B．To make business with neighbouring countries.
C．To spread Chinese cultures to other countries.
D．To strengthen the bonds between China and other countries.
4．How is the text developed
A．By time. B．By space.
C．By process. D．By comparison.
Task 3 佳句妙笔生辉：续写提能
1.细读文章并找出描写“丝绸之路”路线的句子。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2．细读文章并找出描写郑和航海路线的句子。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3．细读文章并找出描写“21世纪海上丝绸之路”目的的句子。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．________ n. 故事；叙述
2．________ n. 商人；批发商
adj. 海上货运的
3．________ vt. (beheld, beheld)看；看见
4．________ n. 等级；水平；联合会；联赛
5．________ vi.& vt. (withdrew，withdrawn) (使)撤回；撤离
6．________ n. 纽带；关系
vt.& vi. 增强信任关系；使牢固结合
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．________ vt.扩展；使伸长；延长→extensive adj.广阔的；大规模的；广泛的→extension n．扩大；延伸
2．________ vt.商定；达成(协议)　vi.谈判；磋商；协商→negotiation n．谈判；磋商；协商
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．________________　　　　　起航；开航
2．________________ 独领风骚
3．________________ 退出；撤回
4．________________ 在手头；可供使用
5．centre around ________________
6．lead to ________________
7．in return for ________________
8．point of view ________________
9．for the benefit of ________________
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．[句型公式] The aim of sth. is to do...目的是……
[教材原句] The aim of this initiative is ________________________________ across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
这项倡议旨在鼓励横跨历史悠久的丝绸之路地区的合作与贸易，同时加强中国与世界其他地区之间的联系。
2．[句型公式] what引导的宾语从句
[教材原句] In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along ________________________________．
在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。
3．[句型公式] with复合结构
[教材原句] Hundreds of years on，and ________________________________， the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
数百年过去了，由于拥有了最新技术，在贸易的必要性和增进关系的愿望的驱动下，中国将跨海越洋，迈向未来。
4．[句型公式] There is a need to do sth.有必要做某事
[教材原句] From a scientific point of view, ____________________________________________________________________ the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1 extend vt.扩展；使伸长；延长
[练透]　单句语法填空
①These courses are based on a weekly two-hour class, ________ (extend) over a period of twenty weeks.
②If you are in need of a deadline ________ (extend), simply explain the situation to the professor.
[写美]　完成句子
③[2024·新课标卷读后续写]我们一见面，我由衷感谢他对我的信任，给了他车费和一些小费。
The instant we met, I __________________________________， gave him the fare and some tips as well.
(1)extend...to 延长到
extend...by 延长了
extend one's thanks to sb. 向某人表示感谢
(2)extension n. 延长，延伸，扩展
extensive adj. 广阔的；广泛的；巨大的
[指津]　“感谢某人” 这样表达：
extend/convey/express one's gratitude/appreciation/thanks to sb.
2 negotiate vt.商定；达成(协议)　vi.谈判；磋商；协商
[练透]　单句语法填空
①The two sides have yet to show their willingness ________ (negotiate).
②Nowadays countries all over the world have entered into ________ (negotiate) with each other concerning how to protect oceans more efficiently.
[写美]　完成句子
③参加课外活动可以让我们学习如何与同学进行协商与合作。
Participating in extra-curricular activities ______________________ and cooperate with fellow students.
(1)negotiate with sb. for/about sth.
＝negotiate sth. with sb. 与某人商议/谈判某事
negotiate an agreement/a contract 商定协议/合同
(2)negotiation n. 谈判；磋商；协商
under negotiation 在商讨中
[指津]　后缀“-ion”多加在以-ate结尾的动词后，构成名词，构成方式是动词去掉e再加-ion。
negotiate v．→negotiation n．商定，协商
educate v．→education n．教育
graduate v．→graduation n．毕业
appreciate v．→appreciation n．欣赏，感激
3 in hand在手头；可供使用；在处理中；在控制中
[练透]　单句语法填空
①[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]There，you'll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less soup，and the wrappers are pressed ________ hand rather than rolled.
②To make it easier to get in touch with us, you'd better keep this card ________ hand.
③Jessie didn't panic at first until it hit her that without it, she didn't have one penny ________ hand.
[写美]　完成句子
④俗话说，成功与失败如影随形。
As the old saying goes，success and failure always ________________．
at hand 近在手边，在附近
at first hand 第一手地；亲自
by hand 用手工
hand in hand 手挽手
[小词汇·大文化]　A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. —Heywood
一鸟在手胜过二鸟在林。——希伍德
经典句式
1 句型公式：what引导的宾语从句
【教材原句】　In ancient times, silk from China found its way overland to India, the Middle East, and Rome, along what became known as the Silk Road．
在古代，中国丝绸经由一条陆路运到印度、中东和罗马，这条路就是有名的“丝绸之路”。
[练透]　单句语法填空
①[2023·新课标Ⅱ卷]You'll hear these participants' stories and learn ________ strategies worked well for them.
②After ________ seemed like centuries, I finally saw he showed up with his forehead sweating heavily.
[写美]　完成句子
③[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷读后续写]我真正明白，我所取得的成就不仅仅是赢得了一场比赛，而是实现了自己的潜力。
I truly understood ________________________ was not just about winning a contest, but about realizing my own potential.
(1)what引导的宾语从句放在介词或动词之后，从句中使用陈述语序。
(2)what在从句中作主语、宾语或表语，表示“……的事物”。
2 句型公式：There is a need to do sth.有必要做某事
【教材原句】　From a scientific point of view, there is an urgent need to study the Arctic in order to understand climate change and its effects.
从科学角度看，迫切需要研究北极，以了解气候变化及其影响。
[写美]　完成句子
①就我个人而言，急需保护中国传统文化免遭消亡。
As far as I'm concerned, ________________________________________ from dying out.
②[2023·浙江1月卷读后续写]我意识到一只蜂鸟处在危难中，就伸手去抓它，小心翼翼地把它从蜘蛛网中解救出来。
Sensing that a hummingbird ________________， I reached for it and freed it from spiderwebs with caution.
③如果您住在我们酒店，您就不需要带牙刷或毛巾。
If you are staying in our hotel, ________________________________ a toothbrush or a towel.
in need 在危难中，在危急中
in need of 需要
there is no need for... ……是没有必要的
There is no need for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说做某事没有必要。
[小词汇·大文化]　As the old saying goes, “A friend in need is a friend indeed.”
俗话说：“患难见真情。”
用·中频词汇句式
1 league n．等级；水平；联合会；联赛
[练透]　完成句子
①他对自己的作品评价很高，认为自己可以和米开朗基罗相提并论。
He had a fine opinion of his work, placing himself ________________ as Michelangelo.
②虽然乘客爱抱怨出租车司机，但纽约的司机们可以说是独具一格。
While passengers love to complain about taxi drivers, the drivers of New York are ________________________.
2 withdraw vi.& vt.(withdrew, withdrawn)(使)撤回；撤离
[练透]　完成句子
①爷爷为了给我买这台笔记本电脑，取出了他所有的积蓄。(读后续写之动作描写)
Grandpa ________________________________ to buy the laptop for me.
②我口袋里没有足够的钱。并且我无法从那里的银行取钱。
I didn't have enough money in my pocket. And I could not ________________________ the banks there.
3 channel n．航道；海峡；频道　v．传送
[练透]　 单句语法填空/完成句子
①I knew that love was ________________ (channel) through the heart of this beautiful woman directly into my heart.
②我弟弟非常调皮，他喜欢在我看电视时不断地转换频道。(读后续写之人物描写)
My little brother is very naughty who likes to switch ________________________ when I'm watching TV.
4 句型公式：省略句
[练透]　完成句子
①按照计划，活动将于下周五下午2点至4点在我们学校的报告厅举行。(应用文之邀请信)
________________， the event will take place in the lecture hall of our school from 2 pm to 4 pm next Friday.
②不出所料，同学们和老师们的精彩作品吸引了与会嘉宾。
________________， participants were charmed by the fascinating works offered by students and teachers.
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．I'd like to e________ my sincere invitation to you to attend the elaborately-prepared gala and celebrate the traditional festival together.
2．If a schoolmate's sandwich or cookie appeared to be more appetizing than your own, you tried to n________ a trade.
3．Good ________ (商人) are those who stick to their contracts regardless of the price.
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．眼里含着泪水，他扑向了我。
________________________， he threw himself into my arms.
2．但是过度勘探是有害的，急需保护海洋免遭破坏。
But too much exploration is harmful and ____________________________ the sea from being destroyed.
3．第二天，我给她回了电话，但是不理解她说的话。
The following day，I returned her call but couldn't catch ________________．
温馨提示：请完成晚练1
UNIT 3　SEA EXPLORATION
Section Ⅰ　Reading and Thinking
预学案
语篇精读　形成阅读能力
Task 1
1．Part 1 C　Part 2 A　Part 3 B　Part 4 D
2．reason, history and future
Task 2
1．C　2.B　3.D　4.A
Task 3
1．In ancient times，silk from China found its way overland to India，the Middle East，and Rome，along what became known as the Silk Road.
2．Under the command of Zheng He，they set sail from the South China Sea across the Indian Ocean to the mouth of the Red Sea，and then to the east coast of Africa.
3．The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas，and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
教材认知　掌握知识必背
Ⅰ.基础词准确填写
1．tale　2.merchant　3.behold　4.league　5.withdraw　6.bond
Ⅱ.派生词精准变形
1．extend　2.negotiate
Ⅲ.重点短语双向记
1．set sail　2.in a league of one's own　3.withdraw from
4．in hand　5.集中于……，围绕着　6.导致；引起　7.作为回报；作为交换　8.观点　9.为了……的利益
Ⅳ.经典句式要牢记
1．to encourage cooperation and trade
2．what became known as the Silk Road
3．with the latest technology in hand
4．there is an urgent need to study
研学案
学·语言要点知识
重点词汇
1．①extending　②extension　③extend my heartfelt gratitude to his trust in me
2．①to negotiate　②negotiations　③enables us to learn to negotiate
3．①by　②at　③in　④go hand in hand
经典句式
1．①what　②what　③what I had accomplished
2．①there is an urgent need to protect them　②was in need　③there is no need for you to bring
用·中频词汇句式
1．①in the same league　②in a league of their own
2．①had withdrawn all his savings　②withdraw any money from
3．①being channeled　②from channel to channel
4．①As scheduled　②As expected
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．extend　2.negotiate　3.merchants
Ⅱ.固定搭配和句式
1．With tears in his eyes　2.there is an urgent need to protect
3．what she was sayingSection Ⅱ　Learning About Language——复习动词不定式
预学案
阅读下列句子，认真感悟不定式在句中所作的成分
1．To complete the great map of the world was a strong passion for the people of early civilisations.
2．Marco Polo's tales inspired European explorers to search for sea routes from west to east.
3．Here, merchants from China and many other places met to negotiate trade deals, which also led to more awareness of each other's cultures.
4．The aim of this initiative is to encourage cooperation and trade across the historic Silk Road areas, and strengthen the bonds between China and the rest of the world.
5．Trading has grown greatly in recent years, and will continue to do so in years to come.
6．Hundreds of years on, and with the latest technology in hand, the need to trade and the desire to enhance relationships will drive China to reach out across the sea far into the future.
自我感悟
1．不定式作主语的是句________。
2．不定式作宾语的是句________。
3．不定式作表语的是句________。
4．不定式作定语的是句________。
5．不定式作状语的是句________。
6．不定式作宾语补足语的是句________。
研学案
探·语法课堂学习
一、动词不定式的句法功能
动词不定式在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语，它多表示具体的或某次具体行为。
1．作主语
动词不定式作主语可以表示将来特定的某一次具体动作。
To reuse and recycle this kind of waste is to save resources to a large extent.
再利用和回收这种垃圾在很大程度上是节约资源。
[2023·浙江1月卷]But no matter when you travel, it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance.
但无论你什么时候去旅行，最好至少90天前预订。
[名师点津]　不定式短语作主语时可以组成常用句式“It＋be＋ adj.＋of/for sb. to do sth.”，其中，it是形式主语，不定式短语是真正的主语。且当形容词表达事物的特征时，其后用for sb., 而当形容词表达人的特征或品质时，其后用of sb.如：
It is generous of him to contribute so much.
他贡献这么多，真是太慷慨了。
It is important for us to live a low carbon life.
对我们来说，过低碳生活很重要。
To make you understand him completely is impossible.
＝It is impossible to make you understand him completely．
让你们完全了解他是不可能的。
[即学即练1]　单句语法填空
①________ (see) is to believe.
②It is important for us students ________ (work) out on a regular basis.
③It will be beneficial for you ________ (adapt) to the new environment and life.
④You can't help wondering how hard it was for the people then ________ (put) all those rocks into place.
2．作表语
不定式作表语时需放在系动词后面，表示具体动作或将来动作，系动词除be外，还有seem, appear等。
(1)带wh-疑问词的动词不定式短语可作表语。
(2)句中如果主语部分有实义动词do的各种形式，作表语的动词不定式实际上是do的引申，即表示do所做的内容，这时动词不定式可省略to。
Her wish is to become a teacher.
她的愿望是当一名教师。
Our difficulty is where to find a guide.
我们的困难是到哪里去找向导。
He seems (appears) to be living in the area.
他似乎正住在这个地区。
The least I can do is (to) write to you.
我至少能做到的是给你写信。
[即学即练2]　单句语法填空
①If our goal is ________ (make) this country the best place in the world for tech, AI is surely one of the greatest opportunities before us.
②In that moment, I seemed ________ (see) the girl's innocent smile, tears running down my face.
③What we have been looking forward to is ________ (engage) in the community work for long.
④We are ________ (meet) at the school gate at eight on Saturday morning, where a bus will be waiting to pick us up.
3．作宾语
英语中有些动词后接另一动词作宾语时，该动词习惯上要用不定式形式，而不用动名词形式，这类动词(及短语动词)主要有：
三个希望两答应：hope, wish, want, agree, promise
两个要求莫拒绝：demand, ask, refuse
设法学会做决定：manage, learn, decide
不要假装在选择：pretend, choose
What I want to know is when we're going to get paid.
我想知道的是我们什么时候发工资。
He didn't know whether to laugh or to cry when he heard the words.
听了这些话，他啼笑皆非。
It is necessary for you to learn from others.
你有必要向别人学习。
[即学即练3]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The main reason is that your self-control is not strong and you tend ________________ (distract) in class.
②If it is convenient for you next Tuesday, I expect ________ (have) a wonderful talk with you.
③Inspired by Dr. Yuan, I'm determined ________ (study) hard now.
④为激发学生学习英语的兴趣，我们计划举办一次英语戏剧比赛。(应用文之邀请信)
To arouse students' interest in learning English, we've planned ________________________________________.
4．作定语
动词不定式作定语，通常位于所修饰的词之后，即作后置定语，说明被修饰词的特征。
(1)抽象名词ability, attempt, chance, courage, decision, effort, failure, promise, way, wish等后常接动词不定式作定语。
(2)序数词、形容词最高级或the only/the last/the next等词后或被这些词修饰的名词后，也常接动词不定式作定语。
Can you think up a good way to deal with the ever increasing prices
你们能想出一个对付日益上涨的物价的好办法吗？
I've got my wife and son to look after．
我还有妻子和儿子需要照顾。
But she gave up the chance to go abroad．
但是她放弃了出国的机会。
Who was the last one to leave the classroom last night
昨晚谁是最后一个离开教室的？
[名师点津]　(1)如果动词不定式和被修饰词之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，则动词不定式多半表示未来的动作，翻译时常需在动词不定式前加“要”字。
(2)在处于动宾关系的情况下，如果动词不定式是不及物动词，其后要加一个结构上或含义上所需的介词。
[即学即练4]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]Cycling is the most economical, sustainable and fun way ________ (explore) the city.
②[2023·浙江1月卷]The last day ________ (cancel) registration and receive a full refund is June 15.
③I'm glad you've got the chance ________ (study) in China and I really do suggest you come. (应用文之建议信)
④我真诚地呼吁，每个人都应该意识到珍惜食物的责任。
I'd like to make a sincere appeal that every single one should be aware of our ________________________________. (应用文之倡议书)
5．作状语
(1)不定式作目的状语，可以放在句首、句中和句尾，可以是to do, in order to do, so as to do等形式。
To spread their beauty and spirit, I wrote four Chinese characters to enter the exhibition.
为了传播他们的美和精神，我写了四个汉字来参加展览。
[2023·全国乙卷]We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset.
我们设法离开这个地方，爬到更高的地方，因为有空闲时间直到日落。
(2)不定式作结果状语，常放在句尾，表示出人意料的结果，常用only to do, enough to do, too...to do..., so/such...as to do等形式。
As they washed the wounds, my mother looked at her wedding ring on her finger, only to find the diamond was gone.
当他们清洗伤口时，我母亲看了看手指上的结婚戒指，却发现钻石不见了。
(3)不定式作原因状语，多放在句中，用于表示喜怒哀乐等心理活动或情绪、情感的词汇后面。
I am sorry to know you argued with your mother about whether you should surf the Internet or not.
我很遗憾地得知，你和你妈妈就你是否应该上网产生争执。
[即学即练5]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①________ (improve) your reading skills, you should read as many Chinese books as possible.
②The next morning, we hurried into the kitchen and looked for Dad, only ________ (find) that he had gone out.
③我很高兴地通知你，下周我们学校将举办汉服文化节。
________________________________ Hanfu Cultural Festival will be held in our school next week.
6．作宾语补足语
不定式作宾语补足语的情况是：一是在有些动词或动词短语后面接带to的不定式；二是在感官或使役动词后接不带to的不定式(主动语态)。
Helping the next generation to have a healthy and active childhood is of great importance.
帮助下一代拥有一个健康、积极的童年是非常重要的。
On behalf of our Student Union, I sincerely invite you to participate in an English Speech Contest and serve as a judge.
我代表我们学生会真诚地邀请你参加英语演讲比赛并担任评委。
I heard them sing yesterday.
＝They were heard to sing yesterday.
我昨天听见他们唱歌了。
[即学即练6]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①I turned to my English teacher for help, who advised me ________ (remember) words in sentences.
②To inspire more people ________ (love) reading and know the benefits of reading, many activities will be held in our school.
③It enables us ________ (release) the study pressure because we can relax by reading different books.
④我们将参加这些活动，它们让我们体验不同的生活。
We will attend the activities, which make us ________________________．
二、动词不定式的形式
动词不定式的时态和语态
时态 主动 被动 意义
一般式 to do to be done 与谓语动作同时或在其后发生
完成式 to have done to have been done 在谓语动作之前发生
进行式 to be doing —— 在谓语动作发生时，不定式的动作正在进行
完成 进行式 to have been doing —— 在谓语动作发生前一直在进行
It is my great honor to invite you to take part in the English Speaking Competition.
很荣幸邀请你参加这次英语演讲比赛。
I felt very happy to have received the gift sent by you last Sunday.
收到了你上周日寄来的礼物，我感到非常高兴。
The kids seemed to have understood the true meaning of lilacs.
孩子们似乎已经理解了丁香花的真正含义。
The little boy pretended to be reading the book when his mother entered the room.
当他妈妈走进房间时，小男孩假装在看书。
[即学即练7]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①As a high school freshman, I am honored ________ (enter) a new chapter in my life.
②[2023·浙江1月卷]If you're looking to live a more sustainable lifestyle, not everyone around you will be ready ________ (jump) on that bandwagon.
③As scheduled, the contest is ________ (hold) on Nov.18th, from 2 pm to 4 pm.
④史蒂夫坐在公园里，似乎正在等人，但似乎并不期待会发生什么事。
Steve sat in the park, appearing ________________ for somebody, but appearing ____________ something to happen.
学·语言要点知识
1 profession n．职业；行业
[练透]　单句语法填空
①He dealt with the problem in a highly ________ (profession) way.
②Ville's wife is Chinese and she is a cook ________ profession.
[写美]　完成句子
③史蒂夫的职业是软件工程师，他酷爱钢琴。
A software engineer ________________， Steve was a keen lover of the piano.
(1)by profession 在职业上；就职业来说
(2)professional adj. 专业的；职业的；职业性的
n. 专业人员；职业运动员
(3)professionally adv. 职业地
2 mixture n．混合；结合体；混合物
[练透]　单句语法填空
①The ________ (mix) of water and blood ran through my backpack and all over me.
②A ________ (mix) feeling of embarrassment and fright stormed through me and my heart started beating wildly. (读后续写之心理描写)
[写美]　完成句子
③带着恐惧和焦虑，玛丽开始离开餐厅去寻找她的朋友。
________________________________， Mary started leaving the restaurant to search for her friend.
(1)a mixture of ……的混合
(2)mix vt. (使)混合，(使)调和；使结合
mix sth.with sth. 把……和……混合
mix up 混淆；拌和；调和
(3)mixed adj. 复杂的；混合的
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．[2023·新课标Ⅰ卷]I feel an urge ________ (express) my different voice, hoping that this wouldn't offend you.
2．[2023·全国甲卷]For thousands of years，people have told fables (寓言) ________ (teach) a lesson or to pass on wisdom.
3．________ (honor) the poet, May 5 is set as the Dragon Boat Festival every year.
4．I would be grateful if you give me an opportunity ________ (interview) me.
5．George returned after the war, only ________ (tell) that his wife had left him.
Ⅱ.使用本单元所学语法知识(动词不定式)翻译下面的语段
The scientists 1.________________________ (决定探索) the deep ocean in order to find out what exists on the floor of the sea. Their first step 2.________________________ (实施这项计划) is 3.________________________ (发送一台深水机器) designed specially for the research. 4.________________________________________ (由科学家们远程控制的机器) on the surface of the sea is in a shape of an egg. They will watch the machine 5.________________________ (潜入大海深处). 6.________________________ (进行这样的研究) is a long project that scientists have prepared for several months.
温馨提示：请完成晚练2
Section Ⅱ　Learning About Language——复习动词不定式
预学案
自我感悟
1. 1　2. 5　3. 4　4. 6　5. 3　6. 2
研学案
探·语法课堂学习
[即学即练1]　①To see　②to work　③to adapt　④to put
[即学即练2]　①to make　②to see　③to be engaged
④to meet
[即学即练3]　①to be distracted　②to have　③to study
④to hold an English Drama Competition
[即学即练4]　①to explore　②to cancel　③to study
④duty/responsibility to cherish food
[即学即练5]　①To improve　②to find　③I am happy to inform you that
[即学即练6]　①to remember　②to love　③to release
④experience a different life
[即学即练7]　①to have entered/to enter　②to jump　③to be held　④to be waiting; not to expect
学·语言要点知识
1．①professional　②by　③by profession
2．①mixture　②mixed　③With a mixture of fear and anxiety
练·课堂5分钟夯基
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．to express　2.to teach　3.To honor　4.to interview　5.to be told
Ⅱ.使用本单元所学语法知识(动词不定式)翻译下面的语段
1．decided to explore
2．to carry out the plan
3．to send a deepwater machine
4．The machine controlled remotely by scientists
5．dive deep into the sea
6．To conduct such researchSection Ⅳ　Writing——写一篇关于海洋探索的议论文
通·题型解读
本单元的写作任务是辩论性议论文。议论文以说理为主要表达方式，针对某个问题、某种现象或某个事件进行分析、评论，从而剖析事物，论述事理，发表见解，提出主张。
析·谋篇思路
积·满分素材
首段：说明辩论的主题
1．When it comes to ocean exploration, people hold different opinions.
当谈到海洋探索，人们持有不同的观点。
2．The opinions on whether to further explore the ocean vary from person to person.
关于是否进一步探索海洋的意见因人而异。
3．Our class had a heated discussion about the phenomenon. Opinions are mainly divided into two groups.
我们班对这种现象进行了热烈讨论，主要有两种观点。
中段：表明正方和反方的观点及理由
1．Some people hold the view that ocean exploration may do damage to some marine life.
一些人认为海洋探索可能会对一些海洋生物造成损害。
2．Some people support/are in favour of ocean exploration because rich resources in the ocean may help solve the problem of energy shortages.
一些人支持海洋勘探，因为海洋丰富的资源可以帮助解决能源短缺的问题。
3．A majority of people approve of the idea because fish can provide us with rich nutrients.
大多数人赞成这个观点，因为鱼可以给我们提供丰富的营养。
4．Through ocean exploration, we can know more about the ocean and better understand the reason why the environment changes.
通过海洋探索，我们可以更多地了解海洋，更好地了解环境变化的原因。
5．Information from ocean exploration is important to everyone, which helps predict earthquakes and tsunamis.
海洋勘探的信息对每个人都很重要，它有助于预测地震和海啸。
6．However, some people hold a different opinion. They think that human's overfishing may not only cause pollution but also destroy the deep-sea ecosystem.
然而，一些人持有不同的观点。他们认为人类的过度捕捞不仅会造成污染，还会破坏深海生态系统。
尾段：陈述自己的观点
1．Personally speaking, there are both good effects and bad effects caused by ocean exploration.
就我个人而言，海洋探索既有好的影响也有坏的影响。
2．As far as I'm concerned, moderate ocean exploration is worth investing because it can inspire humans to find new energy.
在我看来，适度的海洋勘探是值得投资的，因为它可以激励人类去发现新的能源。
练·写作规范
假定你是李华，学校即将举行以“Is it necessary for humans to explore oceans？”为题目的英语作文比赛，请按照下列要求写一篇80词左右的议论文。要点如下：
1．使海洋可持续发展；
2．了解海洋环境；
3．更好地了解气候。
注意：1.写作词数应为80个左右；
2．短文题目已经给出，不计入总词数。
Is it necessary for humans to explore oceans
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第一步：认真审题　谋篇布局
第二步：斟词酌句　靓化表达
1．它可以建立更好地理解环境变化所需的基本信息。
It can establish the basic information needed ____________________________．
2．这有助于科学家解决目前的情况。
It helps scientists to ________________________.
3．这有助于科学家预测未来可能出现的情况。
It helps scientists to ________________________ that may emerge.
4．它还可以让我们了解海洋中可利用的物质，生命形式是如何生存的，以及人类如何在海底生存或充分利用深海资源。
It can also give us knowledge about ________________________， how the life forms live, and find out how humans can survive down there or __________________________________________．
5．(一句多译)它可以帮助我们跟踪发生在海洋上的气候变化以及可能影响我们生活的因素。
(1)It can help us keep track of the climate changes ____________________ and what might affect our life.(定语从句)
(2)It can help us keep track of the climate changes ____________________ and what might affect our life.(现在分词作定语)
6．(一句多译)海洋探险将对人类有很大的好处。
(1)Sea exploration will ____________________ humans.(benefit)
(2)Sea exploration will ____________________ to humans.(beneficial)
第三步：词句升级
7．用定语从句提升句1和句2。
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第四步：合理过渡　完美卷面
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
温馨提示：请完成晚练4
单元素养评价（三）
Section Ⅳ　Writing——写一篇关于海洋探索的议论文
练·写作规范
第二步
1．to better understand environmental change
2．address current situations
3．predict the future situations
4．what are available in oceans; make good use of the deep-sea resources
5．(1)that happen to the ocean
(2)happening to the ocean
6．(1)be of great benefit to
(2)be greatly beneficial
第三步
7．It can establish the basic information needed to better understand environmental change, which helps scientists to address current situations.
第四步
参考范文：
Is it necessary for humans to explore oceans
I am in favor of the view that it is essential for humans to explore oceans.
First, it can establish the basic information needed to better understand environmental change, which helps scientists to address both current situations and to predict the future situations that may emerge. Moreover, it can also give us knowledge about what are available in oceans, how the life forms live, and find out how humans can survive down there or make good use of the deep-sea resources. In addition, it can help us keep track of the climate changes that happen to the ocean and what might affect our life.
In sum, ocean exploration will be of great benefit to humans.

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