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2025年人教版 九年级中考 总复习 第二轮 语法突破 定语从句导学案
【知识梳理】复习并掌握定语从句的用法
【核心知识】中考考点透析
【学习方法】讲，说，练及活动相结合
【重点难点】经典习题回顾和错题回顾/掌握中考的典型例题，要求人人过关。
【导学流程】
任务一 预习
预习并完成“考点精析”（《高分突破》）
预习并完成“ 易失分点”（《高分突破》）
预习并完成“体验近5年重庆中考”（《高分突破》）
任务二 考点解析
一．定语从句:修饰名词或代词的单词或句子，一般翻译成“…….的”。
(1)单词作定语：
a blue sea a naughty boy
(2) 句子作定语，一般后置：
She is a student that studies hard .
He is a boy_____ likes playing basketball. 他是个喜欢打篮球的男孩。
She is a student_______ studies hard. 她是个学习勤奋的学生。
She is a teacher _______I like. 她是个我喜欢的老师。
二. 定语从句
1.基本结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句
Mary is a girl. A girl has long hair.
---- Mary is a girl who has long hair.
先行词 关系词 定语从句
哪句是定语从句？
I believe that you are right. ( )
The building that stands by the river is our school.（ ）
Thank you for all the things that you have done for me.（ ）
He has the only dream that is to be a teacher.（ ）
He said that the news was real.（ ）
Everybody knows that money doesn‘t grow on trees.（ ）
先行词 关系代词 在定语从句中功能
指人时 做主语或宾语
只能做宾语
指物时 做主语或宾语
指人的或物的 做定语
1．关系代词的基本用法
(1)that
在句中所作成分：主语、宾语 先行词：人、物
I love movies _______are funny.( )
Everything _________you learn becomes part of you and changes you.( )
(2)which
在句中所作成分：主语、宾语 先行词：事、物
The book __________is on the table is mine.( )
I'll never forget the days ___________we spent together.( )
(3)who
在句中所作成分：主语、宾语 先行词：人
I'd like to congratulate all the students ________are here today.
(4)whom
在句中所作成分：宾语 先行词：人
He's the boy _________I talked with just now.
(5)whose
在句中所作成分：定语 先行词：人、物
He is the writer ____________name is Jerry.
The room ___________window is open is mine.
2．关系副词的基本用法
(1)where 在句中所作成分：地点状语 先行词：表示地点的名词
This is the town ____________Lu Xun was born.
(2)when 在句中所作成分：时间状语 先行词：表示时间的名词
I remember the day __________we met for the first time.
(3)why 在句中所作成分：原因状语 先行词：表示原因的名词
I want to know the reason _________you didn't come to school this morning.
3．只能用that，不能用which的情况
(1)先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, all, much, few, any, little等时。
Is there anything _________I can do for you？ 有什么我能为你效劳的吗？
(2)先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。
This is the first book __________I bought. 这是我买的第一本书。
(3)先行词被the only, the very, the last , the one等修饰时。
The only thing ___________I want to do is to have a good rest. 我唯一想做的事就是好好休息。
(4)先行词既有人又有物时。
The film star and her film _____you just talked about are really well- known.
你们刚刚谈到的那个电影明星和她的电影真的很出名。
(5)当主句是以which开头的特殊疑问句时。
Which is the hotel __________you like best？ 哪个是你最喜欢的旅馆？
4．只能用which，不能用that的情况
(1)引导非限制性定语从句时。
The tree, _________is four hundred years old, is very famous here.
那棵400年的树在这里很有名。
(2)关系词前有介词时。
We depend on the land from __________we get our food.
我们依靠土地来获得粮食。
练练身手吧！
1.The boy ____________ is playing ping-pong is my classmate.
2.I hate people ______________ talk much but do little.
3.The woman _________________ she talks with is her teacher.
4.The e-mail _______________ I received yesterday was from my sister.
5.The whole world is fighting against the H1N1, a disease ______________has caused many deaths.
6. The man ______ hair is white is his grandfather.
7. The room ________ window is open is mine.
8. This is the house in ________ we have lived for 10 years.
Summary:
1.关系代词做主语___________省略，做宾语一般____________省略.
2.关系代词前有介词时，关系代词做宾语___________省略，且只能用____________不能用_________。
当堂检测：
1.The basketball _____ I bought cost me 80 yuan.
A. that B. where C. who D. when
2. My grandparents like to live in a house _____ is not very big but bright and comfortable
A. that B. who C. what D. whose
3.Who is the man ______ is reading a book over there
A. who B. which C. that D. whose
4.I love people _____ are friendly to others
A. which B. whose C. what D. who
5. The policeman caught the thief ______ has stolen Mr Li’s computer.
A. which B. whose C. whom D. who
6.This is my beautiful school____ is near the famous library.
A. where B. which C. who D. when
7.Is there anything_____I can do for you
A.what B. that C. which D. where
8. A child ______parents are dead is called an orphan.
A. whose B. who C. whom D. that
9.The last place _____we visited was the Great Wall.
A.which B.that C.where D.it
10.He talked happily about the men and books_____ interested him greatly in the school.
A.which B.that C.it D.whom
11. This is the house in____ Lu Xun used to live .
A that B where C whose D which

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