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数词
一、数词核心考点精讲
1. 基数词与序数词
基数词 序数词 缩写 记忆技巧
1 (one) first 1st 特殊记忆：“第一要争气（first）”
2 (two) second 2nd 特殊记忆：“第二很二（second）”
3 (three) third 3rd 特殊记忆：“第三有三（third）”
4 (four) fourth 4th 规则：基数词 + th
5 (five) fifth 5th 口诀：“五（five）去ve变f加th”
8 (eight) eighth 8th 口诀：“八（eight）去t加h”
9 (nine) ninth 9th 口诀：“九（nine）去e加th”
12 (twelve) twelfth 12th 口诀：“ve变f加th”
20 (twenty) twentieth 20th 规则：y变ie + th（twenty→twentieth）
21 (twenty-one) twenty-first 21st 复合词：整十基数词 + 个位序数词
30 (thirty) thirtieth 30th 规则：y变ie + th
40 (forty) fortieth 40th 注意拼写：forty→fortieth（去y变ie）
100 (one hundred) one hundredth 100th 规则：基数词 + th
类型 规则与例词 记忆技巧
基数词 1-12独立记忆，13-19加-teen，20-90整十加-ty，21-99用连字符（如twenty-one） 口诀：“十几加teen，几十加ty，连字符连接几十几”
序数词 一般加-th，特殊变化：first, second, third, fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth 口诀：“一、二、三特殊记，八去t，九去e，ve变f再加th，y变ie再加th”
序数词缩写 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th…（数字+最后两个字母） 联想：“1st像树干，2nd像鸭子，3rd像耳朵”
2. 分数、小数、百分数
类型 规则 例词/例句
分数 分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子>1时分母加-s 1/3 → one-third；2/5 → two-fifths
小数 小数点读作“point”，每位数字单独读 3.14 → three point one four
百分数 数字 + percent 50% → fifty percent
易错点 分数中的连字符和复数形式 误写：two-third（正确：two-thirds）
记忆技巧：
分数口诀：“子基母序，分子大于1，分母加s！”
百分数公式：“数字 + percent = 百分数”
3. 时间与年代表达
表达方式 规则 例句
整点 数字 + o’clock 7:00 → seven o’clock
半点前 分钟 + past + 小时 6:15 → a quarter past six
半点后 60-分钟 + to + 下一小时 6:45 → a quarter to seven
年代 四位数分两部分读，加“s”表年代 1990s → the nineteen nineties
记忆技巧：
时间口诀：“半点前past，半点后to，一刻钟用quarter，半小时用half”
年代公式：“前两位+后两位+s，中间不加and”
二、提高练习
（一）单项选择
There are ______ days in a week.
A. seven B. seventh C. the seven D. the seventh
My sister is ______ to finish her homework.
A. first B. the first C. one D. the one
About ______ of the earth is covered by water.
A. three quarter B. three quarters C. third quarters D. third quarter
The train leaves at ______.
A. two past half B. half past two C. two and half D. two to half
The story happened in ______.
A. 1990s B. the 1990s C. 1990’s D. the 1990s’
______ people visited the museum last year.
A. Two thousands B. Two thousand C. Thousands D. Thousand of
December is the ______ month of the year.
A. twelve B. twelveth C. twelfth D. twelf
The boy is only ______. He can’t go to school.
A. five years old B. five-year-old C. five-years-old D. five year old
—What’s the date today
—It’s ______.
A. May 12th B. May the 12 C. 12 May D. the May 12
The price of the book is ______.
A. twenty yuans B. twenty yuan C. yuans twenty D. yuan twenty
（二）用所给词的正确形式填空
September is the ______ (nine) month of the year.
About ______ (three-fourth) of the students are girls.
My brother is ______ (12) years old.
The ______ (five) lesson is very difficult.
3:50 can be read as “ten to ______ (four)”.
There are ______ (hundred) of books in the library.
The ______ (one) prize goes to Lucy.
Two ______ (five) of the water is polluted.
She lives on the ______ (20) floor of the building.
The movie lasted ______ (two) hours and a half.
The boy is ______ (8) years old.
______ (thousand) of people attended the concert.
December ______ (25) is Christmas Day.
The ______ (three) boy from the left is my cousin.
The answer is on the ______ (40) page.
5:15 → a quarter past ______ (five).
9:45 → a quarter to ______ (ten).
The ______ (twelve) student won the competition.
About ______ (60%) of the students like sports.
The building is ______ (100) meters high.
My birthday is on October ______ (1).
The ______ (two) month of the year is February.
7:30 → half past ______ (seven).
The ______ (ninety) tree was planted by my grandfather.
Two ______ (three) of the apples are red.
The ______ (four) question is the hardest.
The river is about ______ (50) kilometers long.
The ______ (one) day of school is exciting.
11:05 → five past ______ (eleven).
The ______ (twenty-one) century began in 2001.
答案与解析
（一）单项选择答案
A（基数词表数量，不加冠词）
B（序数词前加the，the first to do）
B（分数分子>1，分母用复数：three quarters）
B（时间表达：half past two）
B（年代：the + 年份+s）
B（具体数量不加s：two thousand）
C（序数词twelfth）
B（复合形容词用连字符：five-year-old）
A（日期顺序：月份+序数词）
B（人民币单位yuan无复数）
（二）填空题
ninth（序数词）
three-fourths（分数分子>1，分母加s）
twelve（基数词）
fifth（序数词）
four（时间表达：to + 下一小时）
hundreds（hundreds of表概数）
first（序数词+the）
fifths（分数分母复数）
twentieth（序数词）
two（基数词）
eight
Thousands
25th（日期序数词）
third
fortieth
five
ten
twelfth
60%（sixty percent）
100（基数词）
1st
second
seven
ninetieth
thirds
fourth
50
first
eleven
30.twenty-first

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