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易错点01 冠词与数词
目 录
01 易错陷阱（4大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】不定冠词a与an的易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】特殊抽象名词中冠词的使用情况
【易错点提醒三】冠词用于固定搭配中的错误
【易错点提醒四】分数与百分数及主谓一致易混易错点
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：不定冠词a与an的易混易错点。
【分析】有些单词虽以辅音字母开头，但辅音字母不发音，如hour。有些单词虽以元音字母开头，但发音不是元音音素，如university，不能用an 。
易错陷阱2：特殊抽象名词中冠词的使用情况。
【分析】用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，使之具体化。这样的物质名词有：rain，snow，fog，wind，drink，coffee，beer，fire，paper等；抽象名词有：success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，wonder，comfort，danger，shock等。
易错陷阱3：冠词用于固定搭配中的错误。
【分析】零冠词和不定冠词用于固定搭配中需要平时多积累。
易错陷阱4：分数与百分数及主谓一致易混易错点。
【分析】
表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，在分母后加-s。（易错点：1/2不能用a second, 应用a/one half）
分数、百分数+of+名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词而决定。
【易错点提醒一】不定冠词a与an错用
【例1】（广东省六校2023-2024学年高三第一次联考试题）Like many undergraduate biology students, Wang Fang was taught that pandas are a prime example of umbrella species—a well-known and usually endangered animal.
易错分析：区分用a还是用an看因素而不是看字母。umbrella中字母u发元音。
【答案】an
【解析】考查冠词。句意：和许多生物学专业的本科生一样，王芳被告知大熊猫是伞类物种的典型代表——一种众所周知的濒危动物，保护它们有利于整个生态系统。此处species为泛指，且umbrella是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。
【变式1】（广东省深圳市四校学校2023-2024学年高三联考）The most representative among them is Lyu Opera,_____unique kind of the Chinese art form.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：其中最具代表性的是吕剧，一种独特的中国艺术形式。此处为泛指，且unique是发音以辅音音素开头的单词。故填a。
【变式2】（24-25高三上·辽宁大连·期中）The artistic process of Clay Figurine Zhang involves unique combination of sculpting and painting.
【答案】a
【解析】句意：泥人张的艺术过程是雕塑与绘画的独特结合。分析句子结构可知，此处泛指“一种艺术过程”，且unique(独一无二的)为辅音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词a。故填a。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·重庆荣昌·期中）Black Myth: Wukong topped the “most-played games” list on Steam, a leading gaming platform, merely hour after its debut on Tuesday morning.
【答案】/; a
【解析】句意：作为被视作首个由中国开发的“三A”级别游戏，《黑神话：悟空》在周二上午首次亮相后的仅仅一个小时就在领先的平台Steam上登顶“最受欢迎游戏”榜单。此处指“一小时后，该游戏在领先的平台Steam上登顶“最受欢迎游戏”榜单”，an hour“一小时”。故填an。
【易错点提醒二】特殊抽象名词中冠词的使用情况
【例1】（广东省2023-2024学年普通高三调研试题）The second phase, Zhongfu, is traditionally _______time for consuming noodles because it helps people sweat and relieve inner heat.
易错分析：time指时间时为抽象名词，但此处表示一段时间。
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：第二阶段，中伏，传统上是吃面条的时间，因为它可以帮助人们出汗和释放内心的热量。此处time是可数名词，表示“一段时间”，且time发音是以辅音音素开头，应用a，表示泛指，故填a。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·福建龙岩·期中）The objective of these events is to convey gratitude to teachers and foster strong culture of respect for educators.
【答案】a
【解析】句意：这些活动的目的是向教师表达感激之情，并培养尊重教育工作者的浓厚氛围。空处为修饰可数名词单数culture，结合句意，此处表示泛指意义，所以使用不定冠词，strong的首个音素为辅音。故填a。
【变式2】（24-25高三上·江苏无锡·一模）This game’s success is not just win for China’s gaming industry but also a step forward in spreading Chinese stories and culture to the world.
【答案】 a
【解析】句意：这款游戏的成功不仅是中国游戏产业的胜利，也是向世界传播中国故事和文化的一步。win意为“胜利”，是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，win是辅音音素开头，因此不定冠词用a，故填a。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·山东济南·一模）She tried to make her children live in comfort , which is great comfort to her.
【答案】a
【解析】在此抽象名词具体化，a great comfort一个巨大的安慰。
【易错点提醒三】冠词用于固定搭配中的错误。
【例3】（2023年新高考I卷） The meat should be fresh with ______ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
易错分析：误将touch理解为特指“触摸”，此处为固定搭配，表示“一点点，稍微”。
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。a touch of sweetness 一点点甜；一丝甜。句意：肉应该新鲜，带着一丝甜味，汤汁热、清澈且美味。
【变式1】 （24-25高三上·广东·一模）The Gobi, referred to as a “waterless place” in the Mongolian language, is a rain shadow desert formed on the far side of the Himalayan Mountain Range, which blocks moisture and creates the Gobi’s characteristically dry, semi-arid climate, with average rainfall of 195 mm annually.
【答案】an
【解析】句意：戈壁，在蒙古语中意为“无水之地”，是喜马拉雅山脉远侧形成的一片雨影沙漠，喜马拉雅山脉阻挡了湿气，造就了戈壁特有的干燥及半干旱气候，年平均降水量仅为195毫米。an average rainfall of为固定搭配意思是平均。
【变式2】（湖南省长沙市南雅中学2024-2025学年高三一模）Travel portal Tuniu reported 20% rise in Shanxi searches after the game’s release.
【答案】a
【解析】考查冠词。句意：旅行网站途牛报告称，游戏发布后，对山西的搜索量增加了20%。本空用固定搭配a rise in表示“……的增长”。故填a。
【变式3】（2016年新课标全国卷Ⅱ）Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ____ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
【答案】a
【解析】for a while意为"一会儿"
【易错点提醒四】 分数与百分数及主谓一致易混易错点
【例4】 （2023年湖南高三校模拟）The factory used 70 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which ______ (be) saved for other purposes.
易错分析：对先行词的指代及句子结构划分易出错，数词及相关修饰词作主语时主谓一致原则应牢记。
【答案】were
【解析】which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词raw materials, “the rest of +名词”作主语时，谓语动词应与of后的名词保持一致。故设空处应用复数形式，由used可知应当使用过去时，故填were。
【变式1】（2023年湖南省邵阳武冈高三联考）Water shortage is one of the greatest crises facing us today, with two ______ (three) of the global population living in areas where water is scarce for a month or more every year.
【答案】 thirds
【解析】考查数词。句意：缺水是我们今天面临的最大危机之一，全球每年有三分之二的人口有一个月或更多的时间生活在缺水的地区。分数由基数词（分子）和序数词（分母）构成。
【变式2】（2023年河南省高三校联考）Two thirds of the region _______ (have) been deforested in the past decade.
【答案】 has
【解析】考查数词与主谓一致。句意：在过去的十年来，这个地区的三分之二的地方遭到了森林砍伐。根据时间状语in the past decade应当使用现在完成时，region应当使用单数谓语，故填has。
【变式3】（2025年江苏省高三校联考）About 30 percent of the land (cover) in forest.
【答案】is covered
【详解】考查动词时态、被动语态和主谓一致。句意：大约30%的土地被森林覆盖。空格处作谓语，根据句意应用一般现在时，主语land为不可数名词，谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式，且主语和动词cover之间为被动关系，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is covered。
1.（24-25高三上·河北·阶段练习）Chinatown is important part of Toronto’s story. It’s a place that connects the past and present, showing how different cultures can add to the city’s character.
考查冠词。句意：唐人街是多伦多故事中一个重要部分。根据下文“important part of Toronto’s story.”可知，空处需要用不定冠词表示泛指，important为元音音素开头。故填an。
2.（2024·广东广州·模拟预测）Nowadays, study tours extend to Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Chinese communities overseas, becoming important bridge connecting the shared emotions and cultural identity of the Chinese nation.
句意：如今，游学已延伸到香港、澳门、台湾和海外华人社区，成为连接中华民族共同情感和文化认同的重要桥梁。这里表示“一个重要的桥梁”，所以应用不定冠词表泛指，且important为元音音素开始的单词。故填an。
3.（24-25高三上·湖北·期中）TCM, according to Halpyarovich, views the body as universe connected with nature, focusing on enhancing circulation and removing blocks for improved well-being.
句意：根据Halpyarovich的说法，中医将身体视为一个与自然相连的宇宙，专注于促进循环和疏通淤堵以改善健康，她在接受治疗后发现这是有益的。空处表示泛指，意为“一个与自然相连的宇宙”，应用不定冠词，且universe的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
4.（24-25高三上·宁夏吴忠·阶段练习）Researchers stated that memories can have impact on our personalities, but they are not defined so strictly.
句意：研究人员表示，记忆可以对我们的性格产生影响，但它们并没有如此严格的定义。固定短语have an impact on对……有影响。故填an。
5.（24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）Visitors will seem to travel back through time tunnel for a special experience.
句意：游客们仿佛穿越时光隧道回到过去，享受一种特殊的体验。tunnel为可数名词单数形式，空处表示泛指，应用不定冠词，因为后接名词time以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
6.（24-25高三上·安徽宿州·阶段练习）Confucius stresses that self-discipline is must for practicing the rules of propriety (礼) and achieving ren.
句意：孔子强调自律是行礼成仁的一个必要条件。此处泛指“一个必要条件”，应用不定冠词，且must的发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
7.（24-25高三上·宁夏银川·一模）With so many architectural masterpieces on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List, the Lei Family is unique phenomenon in the architectural history throughout the world．
句意：雷家族拥有众多被列入联合国教科文组织世界遗产名录的建筑杰作，是世界建筑史上一个独特的现象。此处phenomenon为可数名词单数，应用不定冠词表泛指，所连接的单词unique发音以辅音音素开头，应用a。故填a。
8.（24-25高三上·广东梅州·期中）Whenever there is a sandstorm, it forms upward air flow between the surrounding sand mountains.
句意：只要有沙尘暴，就会在周围的沙山之间形成向上的气流。设空后upward air flow为名词短语，可数，此处表示“一股向上的气流”，用不定冠词表泛指，upward的首个音素为元音音素。故填an。
9.（24-25高三上·四川绵阳·阶段练习）As whole, characters are a symbol of Chinese civilization, bridging the past, present and future.
句意：总的来说，汉字是中华文明的象征，连接着过去、现在和未来。as a whole为固定搭配，意为“总的来说”。故填a。
10.（24-25高三上·云南昆明·阶段练习）Standing 40 feet tall with width of 12 feet in Sunset Park, Brooklyn.
句意：这座令人印象深刻的建筑位于布鲁克林日落公园，高达40英尺，宽12英尺，拥有九个屋顶和两根柱子，不仅横跨了第八大道上的第60街和第61街，还象征着布鲁克林与其姐妹区——北京朝阳区的联系。修饰名词“width”，构成短语“with a width”，意为“宽……”，符合句意。故填a。
11.The boy picked up a(n) (hand) of stones and started throwing them at us.
【答案】handful
【详解】考查固定搭配。句意：那男孩捡起一把石头，朝我们扔过来。a handful of是固定搭配，意为“一把；少数”，故填handful。
12.However, in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one (three) of the total area, providing housing for half of the population.
【答案】third
【详解】考查序数词。句意：然而，在北京市区，沿胡同的房屋仍然占据了总面积的三分之一，为一半的人口提供了住房。结合句意此处表示“三分之一”，分数的构成应是分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于一，分母用复数。故填third。
13.It's reported that two three boys read newspaper for pleasure.
【答案】in
【详解】考查介词。句意：据报道，三分之二的男孩看报纸是为了消遣。基数词（分子）+in+基数词（分母）有“几分之几”的含义，two in three字面含义是“三个中的两个”，也就是三分之二。故填in。
14.Three of four people believe that having healthy teeth is of great importance.
【答案】out
【详解】考查分数。句意：四分之三的人认为拥有健康的牙齿是非常重要的。结合句意表示“四分之三”可知短语为three out of four。故填out。
The old lady living on the (five) floor sometimes dances with her husband on the square.
【答案】fifth
【详解】考查序数词。句意：住在五楼的老太太有时和她丈夫在广场上跳舞。提示词作定语，表示“第五”，用序数词fifth。故填fifth。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)易错点01 冠词与数词
目 录
01 易错陷阱（4大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】不定冠词a与an的易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】特殊抽象名词中冠词的使用情况
【易错点提醒三】冠词用于固定搭配中的错误
【易错点提醒四】分数与百分数及主谓一致易混易错点
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：不定冠词a与an的易混易错点。
【分析】有些单词虽以辅音字母开头，但辅音字母不发音，如hour。有些单词虽以元音字母开头，但发音不是元音音素，如university，不能用an 。
易错陷阱2：特殊抽象名词中冠词的使用情况。
【分析】用在某些物质名词或抽象名词前，使之具体化。这样的物质名词有：rain，snow，fog，wind，drink，coffee，beer，fire，paper等；抽象名词有：success，failure，surprise，pleasure，beauty，wonder，comfort，danger，shock等。
易错陷阱3：冠词用于固定搭配中的错误。
【分析】零冠词和不定冠词用于固定搭配中需要平时多积累。
易错陷阱4：分数与百分数及主谓一致易混易错点。
【分析】
表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，在分母后加-s。（易错点：1/2不能用a second, 应用a/one half）
分数、百分数+of+名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由of后面的名词而决定。
【易错点提醒一】不定冠词a与an错用
【例1】（广东省六校2023-2024学年高三第一次联考试题）Like many undergraduate biology students, Wang Fang was taught that pandas are a prime example of umbrella species—a well-known and usually endangered animal.
易错分析：区分用a还是用an看因素而不是看字母。umbrella中字母u发元音。
【变式1】（广东省深圳市四校学校2023-2024学年高三联考）The most representative among them is Lyu Opera,_____unique kind of the Chinese art form.
【变式2】（24-25高三上·辽宁大连·期中）The artistic process of Clay Figurine Zhang involves unique combination of sculpting and painting.
【变式3】（24-25高三上·重庆荣昌·期中）Black Myth: Wukong topped the “most-played games” list on Steam, a leading gaming platform, merely hour after its debut on Tuesday morning.
【易错点提醒二】特殊抽象名词中冠词的使用情况
【例1】（广东省2023-2024学年普通高三调研试题）The second phase, Zhongfu, is traditionally _______time for consuming noodles because it helps people sweat and relieve inner heat.
易错分析：time指时间时为抽象名词，但此处表示一段时间。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·福建龙岩·期中）The objective of these events is to convey gratitude to teachers and foster strong culture of respect for educators.
【变式2】（24-25高三上·江苏无锡·一模）This game’s success is not just win for China’s gaming industry but also a step forward in spreading Chinese stories and culture to the world.
【变式3】（24-25高三上·山东济南·一模）She tried to make her children live in comfort , which is great comfort to her.
【易错点提醒三】冠词用于固定搭配中的错误。
【例3】（2023年新高考I卷） The meat should be fresh with ______ touch of sweetness and the soup hot, clear and delicious.
易错分析：误将touch理解为特指“触摸”，此处为固定搭配，表示“一点点，稍微”。
【变式1】 （24-25高三上·广东·一模）The Gobi, referred to as a “waterless place” in the Mongolian language, is a rain shadow desert formed on the far side of the Himalayan Mountain Range, which blocks moisture and creates the Gobi’s characteristically dry, semi-arid climate, with average rainfall of 195 mm annually.
【变式2】（湖南省长沙市南雅中学2024-2025学年高三一模）Travel portal Tuniu reported 20% rise in Shanxi searches after the game’s release.
【变式3】（2016年新课标全国卷Ⅱ）Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ____ while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy.
【易错点提醒四】 分数与百分数及主谓一致易混易错点
【例4】 （2023年湖南高三校模拟）The factory used 70 percent of the raw materials, the rest of which ______ (be) saved for other purposes.
易错分析：对先行词的指代及句子结构划分易出错，数词及相关修饰词作主语时主谓一致原则应牢记。
【变式1】（2023年湖南省邵阳武冈高三联考）Water shortage is one of the greatest crises facing us today, with two ______ (three) of the global population living in areas where water is scarce for a month or more every year.
【变式2】（2023年河南省高三校联考）Two thirds of the region _______ (have) been deforested in the past decade.
【变式3】（2025年江苏省高三校联考）About 30 percent of the land (cover) in forest.
1.（24-25高三上·河北·阶段练习）Chinatown is important part of Toronto’s story. It’s a place that connects the past and present, showing how different cultures can add to the city’s character.
2.（2024·广东广州·模拟预测）Nowadays, study tours extend to Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and Chinese communities overseas, becoming important bridge connecting the shared emotions and cultural identity of the Chinese nation.
3.（24-25高三上·湖北·期中）TCM, according to Halpyarovich, views the body as universe connected with nature, focusing on enhancing circulation and removing blocks for improved well-being.
4.（24-25高三上·宁夏吴忠·阶段练习）Researchers stated that memories can have impact on our personalities, but they are not defined so strictly.
5.（24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）Visitors will seem to travel back through time tunnel for a special experience.
6.（24-25高三上·安徽宿州·阶段练习）Confucius stresses that self-discipline is must for practicing the rules of propriety (礼) and achieving ren.
7.（24-25高三上·宁夏银川·一模）With so many architectural masterpieces on the UNESCO’s World Heritage List, the Lei Family is unique phenomenon in the architectural history throughout the world．
8.（24-25高三上·广东梅州·期中）Whenever there is a sandstorm, it forms upward air flow between the surrounding sand mountains.
9.（24-25高三上·四川绵阳·阶段练习）As whole, characters are a symbol of Chinese civilization, bridging the past, present and future.
10.（24-25高三上·云南昆明·阶段练习）Standing 40 feet tall with width of 12 feet in Sunset Park, Brooklyn.
11.The boy picked up a(n) (hand) of stones and started throwing them at us.
12.However, in the urban district of Beijing houses along hutongs still occupy one (three) of the total area, providing housing for half of the population.
13.It's reported that two three boys read newspaper for pleasure.
14.Three of four people believe that having healthy teeth is of great importance.
The old lady living on the (five) floor sometimes dances with her husband on the square.
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