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易错点05 动词的时态和语态
目 录
01 易错陷阱（3大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点
【易错点提醒三】主动语态与被动语态易混易错点
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点。
【分析】
一般现在时 常与always，often，sometimes，usually等连用或通过上下文表示。
一般过去时 常与时间状语连用，或者通过上下文逻辑意思及动词时态来体现。 连用时间状语：last week, in 2021, 3 days ago, the other day, in the past
现在完成时 强调对现在造成的结果和影响，通常与时间段连用。 连用时间状语：so far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up to now
易错陷阱2：现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点。
【分析】
现在完成时 连用时间状语so far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up to now
过去完成时 过去的动作或时间之前发生的事。即“过去的过去”，句中必须出现表示过去的动作、状态或时间状语。
对比 He has been ill for two weeks。他已经病了两个星期了。 He had been ill for two weeks before she came back。 在她回来之前，他已经病了两个星期了。
易错陷阱3：主动语态和被动语态易混易错点。
【分析】
受母语干扰，翻译上下文时混淆被动语态与主动语态。
混淆谓语动词被动语态构词be+done与非谓语动词重点过去分词done。
不及物动词及表示主语品质和状态的动词不用被动语态，如：sell, read, write, lock, wash, drive等。
系动词不用被动语态，如：look看起来, smell闻起来, taste尝起来, sound听起来, feel摸起来, prove证明时, turn out结果，证明等。
【易错点提醒一】 一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点
【例1】 （24-25高三上·河南·阶段练习）Cultural reputation and soaring sorghum costs (see) Moutai prices skyrocket over the past few years.
易错分析：不关注句中的时间状语over the past few years是失分原因。
【答案】have seen
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几年里，文化声誉和不断上涨的高粱成本导致茅台价格大幅上涨。空处为句子的谓语，根据时间状语over the past few years可知，此处使用现在完成时，主语为Cultural reputation and rising sorghum costs，是复数主语，助动词使用have。故填have seen。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·江苏南通·期中）Throughout centuries of history, the Grand Canal has nurtured abundant towns and villages along its path. Many an ancient town, preserved through the ages thanks to their close relationship with the canal, (stand) as the finest witnesses of civilization.
【答案】stands
【解析】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：由于与运河的密切关系，许多古老的城镇被保存了下来，成为文明的最好见证。此句主语为Many an ancient town，many a/an后接单数名词，但在此结构中，谓语动词需用单数形式。句子表述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时。故填stands。
【变式2】 （24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）In that century and much of the 20th century, the immigrants largely (flow) from China’s south-east regions, mainly Guangdong province.
【答案】lowed
【解析】考查动词的时态。句意：在那个世纪和20世纪的大部分时间里，移民主要来自中国的东南地区，主要是广东省。根据时间状语In that century and much of the 20th century可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，空处应用动词的过去式形式。故填flowed。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·江西南昌·阶段练习）Chinese hit video game Black Myth: Wukong (take) the gaming world by storm, selling more than 10 million copies across all platforms over just the past three days after its release.
【答案】has taken
【解析】考查时态。句意：中国热门视频游戏《黑神话：悟空》自发布以来的三天内，在所有平台上售出了超过1000万份，席卷了整个游戏界。空处为句子的谓语动词。根据时间状语“over just the past three days”可知，本句话为现在完成时态，主语为第三人称单数形式。故填has taken。
【易错点提醒二】现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点
【例2】（24-25高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）So far, the game’s unprecedented success (lead) to a tourism boom as travelers seek destinations with ancient architecture and a Chinese feel.
易错分析：本题出错主要因为固定短语记忆不牢及汉语翻译已经错误联想had done运用过去完成时则句中要出现表示过去的动作或时间。要牢记现在完成时经常搭配的时间状语：since, so far, up to now, in/over/during the past days等。
【答案】has led
【解析】考查时态。句意：迄今为止，这款游戏前所未有的成功已经导致了一股旅游热潮，因为游客们正在寻找具有古代建筑和中国风情的目的地。根据时间状语So far可知，lead to“导致”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语the game’s unprecedented success是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has led。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·江苏·阶段练习）Deputy Mayor of Waipa District Council, Liz Stolwyk noted that this was the third time that Waipa people (attend) both exhibitions.
【答案】had attended
【解析】考查时态。句意：怀帕区议会副市长Liz Stolwyk指出，这是怀帕居民第三次参加这两个展览。it/this was the first/second/third… time that...为固定用法，意为“这是第一次/二次/三次……”，从句用过去完成时。故填had attended。
【变式2】（24-25高三上·河北·阶段练习）Over the decades, it (grow) to become a cultural hub (枢纽) that is central to the city’s identity.
【答案】has grown
【解析】考查动词时态。句意：经过数十年的发展，它已经成为一个文化中心，对城市的认同感至关重要。根据时间状语Over the decades可知，主句描述的是从过去到现在都在进行的动作，句子应用现在完成时，表达唐人街随着时间发展的情况。主语为it，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has grown。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·广东·阶段练习）Arching across the borders of northern China and southern Mongolia, the remote and rugged landscapes of the Gobi Desert (capture) the imagination of adventurers, explorers, scientists, and artists since the age of Marco Polo.
【答案】have captured
【解析】考查时态。句意：横跨中国北部和蒙古国南部的戈壁沙漠，其偏远而崎岖的地貌自马可·波罗时代起就激发着探险家、探索者、科学家和艺术家的想象力。根据“since the age of Marco Polo”可知，该句为现在完成时，空处为该句谓语动词，且主语landscapes为复数，故空处应填have captured。故填have captured。
【易错点提醒三】 主动语态和被动语态易混易错点
【例3】（24-25高三上·河南驻马店·阶段练习）The concept (center) on the idea of “new Chinese-style herbs” and the TCM principle that “food and medicine share the same origin”.
易错分析：句子结构分析错误，谓语动词分析不当，混淆谓语的被动语态和过去分词都是错误原因。
【答案】is centered
【解析】考查时态。句意：这一概念以“新中草药”的理念和中医“食药同源”的原则为中心。陈述事实，为一般现在时，主语与谓语为被动关系。主语单数，谓语单数。故填is centered。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·江苏泰州·期中）The ancient city walls and historical sites in Nanjing stand as witnesses to the passage of time. Suzhou, another famous city in Jiangsu, is known for its beautiful classical gardens, which are like jewels that (craft) carefully over centuries.
【答案】have been crafted
【解析】考查时态，语态和主谓一致。句意：苏州，江苏的另一个著名城市，以其美丽的古典园林而闻名，这些园林就像经过几个世纪精心雕琢的珠宝。that指代的先行词jewels是被雕刻，句子用被动语态，由over centuries可知，时态用现在完成时，因此空格处是现在完成时的被动语态，主语that指代的先行词jewels是复数，因此空格处是have been crafted，故填have been crafted。
【变式2】 （2024·广东湛江·模拟预测）A Chinese friend advised me to call a certain number, and within minutes, I (tell) that someone found my diary and kept it safely. I was able to claim it the following day.
【答案】was told
【解析】考查时态语态。句意：一位中国朋友建议我拨打某个号码，几分钟后，我被告知有人找到了我的日记并安全地保存了下来。这里考查谓语动词，主语I 与tell为被动关系，且这里时态应用一般过去时描述过去情况。故填was told。
【变式3】 （2024·四川南充·一模）World-famous landmarks like the Forbidden City and the Tian’an men Square Complex, are along the Axis, and the Temple of Heaven and the Altar of the God of Agriculture (locate)
on the east and west sides of the Axis.
【答案】are located
【解析】考查时态语态。句意同上。locate是谓语动词，描述事实用一般现在时，主语为the Temple of Heaven and the Altar of the God of Agriculture，是复数，与locate是被动关系，故谓语用are located。故填are located。
1．Now, researchers have recreated the shoes of one soldier and analysis of them (suggest) that shoes worn by the terracotta sculptures were surprisingly flexible and slip resistant.
2．If the Textalyzer bill (become) law, people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.
3．Human speech (contain) more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.
4．He (swing) the camera around to face the opposite direction.
5．Last year, the tennis player (withdraw) from several tournaments due to injury.
6．Together, they experienced kindness, ________ (visit) charities, and rescued animals, forming an unbreakable bond.
7．In early November in 2023, a diver, swimming off the coast of Sardinia, (notice) pieces of metal on the ocean floor.
8．The seaport, situated at the mouth of the Yangtze river, (grow) to cover an area of 1.5 square miles since it was opened in 1842.
9．It is no surprise then that China’s HSR network has the attention of the whole world. (grab)
10．In the past decades, China’s transport (achieve) significantly so that Chinese people have access to various ways of traveling.
11．So far, the number of the workers in that factory (decrease) by 12 percent.
12．Over the years, the architect (help) renovate around 20 households in Mutianyu, most of which now operate as hotels or restaurants, while doing his best to preserve the original structures as much as possible.
13．So far, Shandong (launch) many cultural tourism projects, making great progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River to boost the high-quality development of the region.
14．For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
15．By the end of last year, 97 percent of primary and secondary schools in Zibo (complete) the digital transformation, with 295 schools establishing smart campuses equipped with multimedia classrooms.
16．Years later, having moved to France, I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
17．He said the team (experiment) with different types of food products, but the models they got weren't as successful.
18．Great importance has been (attach) to the students’ physical exercise to keep them healthy and strong.
19．The “Clean Plate” campaign kicked off in Beijing in 2013 and was quickly (popular) across the country and was embraced wholeheartedly by the nation.
20．When clicking on links to dangerous websites or software, you may （fool） into providing personal information such as passwords, usernames or financial details.
21．Now many modern smartphones (equip) with crash-detection technology that uses data to determine when a car crash has occurred.
22．The Terracotta Army (兵马俑) was found in 1974 near Xi’an. It is formed of more than 8,000 sculptures, which (bury) alongside the emperor Qin Shi Huang more than 2,200 years ago.
23．Moments later, a bomb hit the USS Arizona and Russell (throw) more than 100 meters across the ship.
24．A key milestone was the release of the HSR network blueprint in 2004, when the plan for four vertical and four horizontal" corridors (put) forward.
25．The children (drill) to leave the classroom quickly when the fire bell rang.
26．The passengers (delay) for an hour because of the frosty weather.
27．The couple just gets registered at the government office. Marriage (regard) as a cardinal issue since ancient times.
28．The kind of trees is under threat and ten percent (destroy)in huge wildfires last summer.
29．I (catch) in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I would have not kept you waiting for such a long time.
30．He was driving home on the highway last night when a policeman stopped him and (accuse) him of speeding.
31．It was this campaign that (establish) the paper's reputation.
32．Dingling Tomb, the joint tomb of Zhu Yijun and his two empresses, (be) the first imperial tomb in China to be excavated (发掘) according to the archaeological plan. The architecture of the underground palace of Dingling Tomb is deep and unique.
33．The story of the deep friendship between poet Gao Shi and the master of romantic poetry Li Bai (offer) a glimpse into the star-studded history of the Tang era.
34．Consisting of the Sui and Tang Grand Canal, the Jing-Hang Grand Canal and the Zhedong Canal, the Canal (stretch) over 2, 700 kilometers, crossing eight provincial-level administrative regions and linking five major water systems.
35．The host (contact) me in advance by the time he reached the pub packed with people.
1．suggests
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：现在，研究人员重新制作了一名士兵的鞋子，对鞋子的分析表明，兵马俑雕塑所穿的鞋子具有惊人的柔韧性和防滑性。and并列两个句子，空处为后一个句子的谓语，主语analysis为单数，suggest意为“表明”，句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时，谓语用第三人称单数形式。故填suggests。
2．becomes
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：如果“文本分析仪（Textalyzer）”法案成为法律， 人们将更害怕把手放到手机上。本句为含有条件状语从句的主从复合句，主句使用一般将来时，从句通常使用一般现在时表将来。设空处作从句的谓语，从句主语the Textalyzer bill是第三人称单数形式。故填 becomes。
3．contains
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：人类口语包含2,000多种不同的声音，从常见的“m”和“a”到非洲南部某些语言少见的吸气音。设空处作句子的谓语。本句描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语Human speech为不可数名词，谓语单数形式。故填contains。
4．swung
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他把镜头转到相反的方向。空处作谓语，陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时。故填swung。
5．withdrew
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：去年，这位网球运动员因伤退出了几场比赛。设空处作谓语，根据时间状语“Last year”可知应用一般过去时，设空处填动词不定式withdrew。故填withdrew。
6．visited
【详解】考查时态。句意：他们一起体验了善意，参观了慈善机构，救助了动物，形成了不可破的纽带。visit意为“参观”，空处与experienced和rescued并列，用连词and连接，应为一般过去式。故填visited。
7．noticed
【详解】考查时态。句意：2023年11月初，一名潜水员在撒丁岛海岸附近游泳时，注意到海底有金属碎片。根据句中的in early November in 2023可知，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故填noticed。
8．has grown
【详解】考查现在完成时和主谓一致。句意：这个海港位于长江口，自1842年开放以来，占地面积已扩大到1.5平方英里。根据since it was opened in 1842可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语seaport为第三人称单数。故填has grown。
9．grabbed
【详解】考查时态。句意：因此，中国的高速铁路网络吸引了全世界的关注也就不足为奇了。空处与has构成谓语，grab“抓住，夺取”，与主语“China’s HSR network”之间为主动关系，用主动语态，故用过去分词形式，构成现在完成时。故填grabbed。
10．has achieved
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在过去的几十年里，中国的交通取得了巨大的成就，使中国人有了各种各样的旅行方式。空格处是谓语部分，根据时间状语In the past decades可知，句子用现在完成时；主语是China’s transport，谓语动词用三单形式。故填has achieved。
11．has decreased
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：到目前为止，那家工厂的工人人数减少了12%。空处应填谓语动词，由时间状语So far可知应用现在完成时，the number of +名词复数作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式，故填has decreased。
12．has helped
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：多年来，这位建筑师帮助改造了慕田峪的大约20户人家，其中大多数现在都是酒店或餐馆，同时尽可能地保留了原有的结构。根据over the years可知，此处应使用现在完成时，主语为the architect，助动词用has。故填has helped。
13．has launched
【详解】考查时态。句意：迄今为止，山东已经启动了许多文化旅游项目，在挖掘黄河文化和价值方面取得了重大进展，以推动该地区的高质量发展。根据上文So far“迄今为止”可知，launch“发起”这一动作开始于过去，持续到现在，句子时态应用现在完成时，又因主语Shandong是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has。故填has launched。
14．has established
【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：由于这些原因，他们被誉为“海岸卫士”。到目前为止，中国已经建立了许多红树林保护区。由Up to now意为“到目前为止”，谓语动词establish应用现在完成时，主语是China，助动词应用has，故填has established。
15．had completed
【详解】考查时态。句意：截至去年年底，淄博市97%的中小学完成了数字化转型，295所学校建立了配备多媒体教室的智能校园。根据上文By the end of last year可知发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。故填had completed。
16．had arrived
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：多年以后，搬到法国后，我在约定的时间赴宴，却发现没有其他客人到场，女主人还穿着睡衣。此处表示的动作发生在主句动词turned up之前，属于“过去的过去”，应用过去完成时。故填had arrived。
17．had experimented
【详解】考查时态。句意：他说，该团队已经试验了不同类型的食品，但他们得到的模型并不成功。这里为从句的谓语动词，根据主句谓语said可知，从句时态为过去完成时。故填had experimented。
18．attached
【详解】考查语态。句意：为了使学生健康强壮，学生的体育锻炼已经被高度重视。Great importance与attach为被动关系，再根据空前has been可知，应接动词的过去分词形式构成现在完成时的被动语态，故填attached。
19．popularized/popularised
【详解】考查动词以及被动语态。句意：“光盘行动”（Clean Plate campaign）于2013年在北京启动，迅速在全国推广，并受到全国人民的热烈欢迎。动词popularize/popularise“普及，推广”符合句意，主语The “Clean Plate” campaign与动词popularize/popularise之间为被动关系，应填过去分词popularized/popularised构成被动语态。故填popularized/popularised。
20．be fooled
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：当点击危险网站或软件的链接时，您可能会被愚弄，提供密码、用户名或财务详细信息等个人信息。may后接动词原形。主语you和动词fool之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态。故填be fooled。
21．are equipped
【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：现在，许多现代智能手机都配备了碰撞检测技术，该技术使用数据来确定何时发生了车祸。此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。动词equip意为“配备”，空处与主语many modern smartphones构成被动关系。故填are equipped。
22．were buried
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：它由8000多尊雕塑组成，这些雕塑在2200多年前与秦始皇一起埋葬。分析句子可知，which引导非限制性定语从句，空处作从句谓语，which指代先行词sculptures，表示复数，与bury构成被动关系，且结合more than 2,200 years ago可知，描述过去的事情，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填were buried。
23．was thrown
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：片刻之后，一枚炸弹击中了亚利桑那号航空母舰，拉塞尔穿过船被扔出100多米外。主语Russell与谓语构成被动关系，且发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，主语是单数，谓语用单数。故填was thrown。
24．was put
【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：一个关键的里程碑是2004年高速铁路网络蓝图的发布，当时提出了“四纵四横”走廊的计划。根据句意和时间状语in 2004可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。主语the plan与动词put之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语plan是单数。故填was put。
25．were being drilled
【详解】考查被动语态。句意：当火警铃响起时，孩子们正在被训练快速离开教室。根据句子结构，因主语与谓语之间为为被动关系，使用被动语态，根据时间状语 when the fire bell rang，可知句子表示的是过去某个时间正在发生的动作，需要使用过去进行时的被动语态，主语The children是复数形式，因此谓语动词使用were being drilled。故填were being drilled。
26．were delayed
【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：由于天气寒冷，乘客们延误了一个小时。空处作句子的谓语，此处是在叙述过去发生的事情，时态应用一般过去时，delay“延误”和主语The passengers之间是被动关系，应用被动语态，且主语是复数名词，be动词应用were。故填were delayed。
27．has been regarded
【详解】考查动词时态和语态及主谓一致。句意：自古以来，婚姻就被视为头等大事。设空处作谓语，marriage与regard之间是被动关系，根据since ancient times可知谓语要用现在完成时的被动语态，主语marriage是不可数名词，助动词用has。故填has been regarded。
28．were destroyed
【详解】考查时态语态。句意：这种树木正受到威胁，去年夏天在大规模野火中有百分之十被摧毁。and连接两个并列的句子，空处为后一句话的谓语。根据时间状语“last summer”可知，本句话为一般过去时态。主语和该动词之间为被动关系，所以用一般过去时态的被动语态，主语为复数。故填were destroyed。
29．was caught
【详解】考查动词的时态与被动语态。句意：我遇到了一个多小时的交通堵塞，否则我就不会让你等这么长时间了。空格处需要填入谓语动词，主语I与动词之间为被动关系，所以需要使用被动语态，根据后句可知，此处指的是发生在过去的事情，所以用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was caught。
30．accused
【详解】考查一般过去时。句意：昨晚他在高速公路上开车回家时，一个警察拦住了他，指控他超速行驶。动词accuse意为“指控”，根据“when a policeman stopped him and”可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填accused。
31．established
【详解】考查强调句型中的谓语动词使用。句意：正是这次运动确立了这家报纸的声誉。分析句子结构可知，这是一个强调句型，强调的是this campaign这个主语。在强调句型中，it was和that构成固定结构，而真正的谓语动词应放在that之后。由于句子描述的是过去的事实，谓语动词应使用一般过去时态。因此，establish的过去式形式为established。故填established。
32．is
【详解】考查主谓一致。句意：定陵是朱翊钧和他的两个皇后的合葬墓，是中国第一个根据考古计划出土的帝王墓。定陵地下宫殿的建筑深邃而独特。所填词作谓语，主语是Dingling Tomb，为单数，表示一般情况应用一般现在时，故填is。
33．offers
【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意：诗诗人高石与浪漫主义诗歌大师李白之间深厚友谊的故事，让我们得以一窥星光熠熠的唐朝历史。offer是主句谓语动词，与主语The story之间是主动关系，陈述客观事实用一般现在时态，主语是第三人称，谓语动词也用单数形式。故填offers。
34．stretches
【详解】考查时态。句意：运河由隋、唐大运河、京杭大运河和浙东运河组成，全长2700多公里，横跨八个省级行政区，连接五大水系。空处为句子谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语the Canal是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数形式。故填stretches。
35．had contacted
【详解】考查动词时态。句意：当主人到达挤满了人的酒吧时，他已经提前和我联系了。分析句子可知，此处为谓语动词的填入，结合该句时间状语by the time he reached…可知，此处应为过去完成时。故填had contacted。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)易错点05 动词的时态和语态
目 录
01 易错陷阱（3大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点
【易错点提醒三】主动语态与被动语态易混易错点
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点。
【分析】
一般现在时 常与always，often，sometimes，usually等连用或通过上下文表示。
一般过去时 常与时间状语连用，或者通过上下文逻辑意思及动词时态来体现。 连用时间状语：last week, in 2021, 3 days ago, the other day, in the past
现在完成时 强调对现在造成的结果和影响，通常与时间段连用。 连用时间状语：so far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up to now
易错陷阱2：现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点。
【分析】
现在完成时 连用时间状语so far, since, in the past/last 3 days, up to now
过去完成时 过去的动作或时间之前发生的事。即“过去的过去”，句中必须出现表示过去的动作、状态或时间状语。
对比 He has been ill for two weeks。他已经病了两个星期了。 He had been ill for two weeks before she came back。 在她回来之前，他已经病了两个星期了。
易错陷阱3：主动语态和被动语态易混易错点。
【分析】
受母语干扰，翻译上下文时混淆被动语态与主动语态。
混淆谓语动词被动语态构词be+done与非谓语动词重点过去分词done。
不及物动词及表示主语品质和状态的动词不用被动语态，如：sell, read, write, lock, wash, drive等。
系动词不用被动语态，如：look看起来, smell闻起来, taste尝起来, sound听起来, feel摸起来, prove证明时, turn out结果，证明等。
【易错点提醒一】 一般现在时、一般过去时和现在完成时易混易错点
【例1】 （24-25高三上·河南·阶段练习）Cultural reputation and soaring sorghum costs (see) Moutai prices skyrocket over the past few years.
易错分析：不关注句中的时间状语over the past few years是失分原因。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·江苏南通·期中）Throughout centuries of history, the Grand Canal has nurtured abundant towns and villages along its path. Many an ancient town, preserved through the ages thanks to their close relationship with the canal, (stand) as the finest witnesses of civilization.
【变式2】 （24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）In that century and much of the 20th century, the immigrants largely (flow) from China’s south-east regions, mainly Guangdong province.
【变式3】（24-25高三上·江西南昌·阶段练习）Chinese hit video game Black Myth: Wukong (take) the gaming world by storm, selling more than 10 million copies across all platforms over just the past three days after its release.
【易错点提醒二】现在完成时和过去完成时易混易错点
【例2】（24-25高三上·陕西西安·阶段练习）So far, the game’s unprecedented success (lead) to a tourism boom as travelers seek destinations with ancient architecture and a Chinese feel.
易错分析：本题出错主要因为固定短语记忆不牢及汉语翻译已经错误联想had done运用过去完成时则句中要出现表示过去的动作或时间。要牢记现在完成时经常搭配的时间状语：since, so far, up to now, in/over/during the past days等。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·江苏·阶段练习）Deputy Mayor of Waipa District Council, Liz Stolwyk noted that this was the third time that Waipa people (attend) both exhibitions.
【变式2】（24-25高三上·河北·阶段练习）Over the decades, it (grow) to become a cultural hub (枢纽) that is central to the city’s identity.
【变式3】（24-25高三上·广东·阶段练习）Arching across the borders of northern China and southern Mongolia, the remote and rugged landscapes of the Gobi Desert (capture) the imagination of adventurers, explorers, scientists, and artists since the age of Marco Polo.
【易错点提醒三】 主动语态和被动语态易混易错点
【例3】（24-25高三上·河南驻马店·阶段练习）The concept (center) on the idea of “new Chinese-style herbs” and the TCM principle that “food and medicine share the same origin”.
易错分析：句子结构分析错误，谓语动词分析不当，混淆谓语的被动语态和过去分词都是错误原因。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·江苏泰州·期中）The ancient city walls and historical sites in Nanjing stand as witnesses to the passage of time. Suzhou, another famous city in Jiangsu, is known for its beautiful classical gardens, which are like jewels that (craft) carefully over centuries.
【变式2】 （2024·广东湛江·模拟预测）A Chinese friend advised me to call a certain number, and within minutes, I (tell) that someone found my diary and kept it safely. I was able to claim it the following day.
【变式3】 （2024·四川南充·一模）World-famous landmarks like the Forbidden City and the Tian’an men Square Complex, are along the Axis, and the Temple of Heaven and the Altar of the God of Agriculture (locate)
on the east and west sides of the Axis.
1．Now, researchers have recreated the shoes of one soldier and analysis of them (suggest) that shoes worn by the terracotta sculptures were surprisingly flexible and slip resistant.
2．If the Textalyzer bill (become) law, people are going to be more afraid to put their hands on the cell phone.
3．Human speech (contain) more than 2,000 different sounds, from the common “m” and “a” to the rare clicks of some southern African languages.
4．He (swing) the camera around to face the opposite direction.
5．Last year, the tennis player (withdraw) from several tournaments due to injury.
6．Together, they experienced kindness, ________ (visit) charities, and rescued animals, forming an unbreakable bond.
7．In early November in 2023, a diver, swimming off the coast of Sardinia, (notice) pieces of metal on the ocean floor.
8．The seaport, situated at the mouth of the Yangtze river, (grow) to cover an area of 1.5 square miles since it was opened in 1842.
9．It is no surprise then that China’s HSR network has the attention of the whole world. (grab)
10．In the past decades, China’s transport (achieve) significantly so that Chinese people have access to various ways of traveling.
11．So far, the number of the workers in that factory (decrease) by 12 percent.
12．Over the years, the architect (help) renovate around 20 households in Mutianyu, most of which now operate as hotels or restaurants, while doing his best to preserve the original structures as much as possible.
13．So far, Shandong (launch) many cultural tourism projects, making great progress in digging into the culture and value of the Yellow River to boost the high-quality development of the region.
14．For these reasons, they are praised as “coastal guardians”. Up to now, China (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves.
15．By the end of last year, 97 percent of primary and secondary schools in Zibo (complete) the digital transformation, with 295 schools establishing smart campuses equipped with multimedia classrooms.
16．Years later, having moved to France, I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only to find that no other guest (arrive) and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
17．He said the team (experiment) with different types of food products, but the models they got weren't as successful.
18．Great importance has been (attach) to the students’ physical exercise to keep them healthy and strong.
19．The “Clean Plate” campaign kicked off in Beijing in 2013 and was quickly (popular) across the country and was embraced wholeheartedly by the nation.
20．When clicking on links to dangerous websites or software, you may （fool） into providing personal information such as passwords, usernames or financial details.
21．Now many modern smartphones (equip) with crash-detection technology that uses data to determine when a car crash has occurred.
22．The Terracotta Army (兵马俑) was found in 1974 near Xi’an. It is formed of more than 8,000 sculptures, which (bury) alongside the emperor Qin Shi Huang more than 2,200 years ago.
23．Moments later, a bomb hit the USS Arizona and Russell (throw) more than 100 meters across the ship.
24．A key milestone was the release of the HSR network blueprint in 2004, when the plan for four vertical and four horizontal" corridors (put) forward.
25．The children (drill) to leave the classroom quickly when the fire bell rang.
26．The passengers (delay) for an hour because of the frosty weather.
27．The couple just gets registered at the government office. Marriage (regard) as a cardinal issue since ancient times.
28．The kind of trees is under threat and ten percent (destroy)in huge wildfires last summer.
29．I (catch) in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise I would have not kept you waiting for such a long time.
30．He was driving home on the highway last night when a policeman stopped him and (accuse) him of speeding.
31．It was this campaign that (establish) the paper's reputation.
32．Dingling Tomb, the joint tomb of Zhu Yijun and his two empresses, (be) the first imperial tomb in China to be excavated (发掘) according to the archaeological plan. The architecture of the underground palace of Dingling Tomb is deep and unique.
33．The story of the deep friendship between poet Gao Shi and the master of romantic poetry Li Bai (offer) a glimpse into the star-studded history of the Tang era.
34．Consisting of the Sui and Tang Grand Canal, the Jing-Hang Grand Canal and the Zhedong Canal, the Canal (stretch) over 2, 700 kilometers, crossing eight provincial-level administrative regions and linking five major water systems.
35．The host (contact) me in advance by the time he reached the pub packed with people.
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