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易错点09 特殊句式
目 录
01 易错陷阱（3大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】倒装句易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】省略句易混易错点
【易错点提醒三】强调句和定语从句混淆
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：倒装句易混易错点。
完全倒装 句中多/少助动词； 主谓一致；
部分倒装 少助动词； 谓语时态、语态、主谓一致错用；
易错陷阱2：省略句易混易错点。
状语从句 省略从句的主语和be动词时，主句和从句主语需一致； 从句谓语动词含有be动词的形式；
定语从句的省略 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略，但介词+关系代词不省略； 在非限制性定语从句中，关系词不省略
易错陷阱3：强调句和定语从句混淆。
在语法填空里，强调句和定语从句容易混淆，从而导致题目做错
【易错点提醒一】 倒装句易混易错点
【例1】 （2023-2024学年·哈尔滨·开学考试）He also believes that when more people know about animals can nature be better protected, for which he will continue to show the beautiful wildlife to the world with his camera.
【变式1】（24-25高三上·福建·期中）The highlight is perhaps the central courtyard, inside which (situate) the largest pavilion in the garden designed for scholarly study.
【变式2】（24-25高三上·福建福州·期中）Among the most typical examples (be) the century egg, or pidan in Chinese.
【变式3】（24-25高三上·湖北武汉·阶段练习）“By connecting past and present, we’re sure that never will these age-old skills (forget),” Hao says.
【易错点提醒二】 省略句易混易错点
【例2】（2025·安徽·二模）The sun and the mao, when (join) together, both support and contain the neighbouring parts.
【变式1】（24-25高三上·江苏南通·期中）If (interest), just participate and you will be amazed to experience the combination of tradition and culture.
【变式2】（2024-2025·江苏·阶段练习）In a way our programmer is like our coach. She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while (watch) human games.
【变式3】（24-25高三上·江苏南通·阶段练习）When (step) into the exhibition hall, visitors will be greeted with both technology and relics.
【易错点提醒三】 强调句和定语从句易混点
【例3】（24-25高三上·湖南邵阳·期中）It is due to the continuous efforts of our vast horological community and new friends Qing Palace timepieces, as historical and cultural heritage, can demonstrate vitality in promotion, play a greater role in cultural heritage, and receive more support”.
【变式1】（24-25高三上·江苏扬州·期中）It’s this shared passion for skateboarding binds this community together tightly across the globe.
【变式2】（24-25高三上·广东·阶段练习）It was my closest family observed my first mistakes I made in using chopsticks.
【变式3】（24-25高三上·山西运城·期中）It has all the qualities match the needs of local farmers. For example, it runs on diesel (柴油), has strong wheels and can also be used to cut fodder (饲料).
1．Hardly had he got to the middle of the street he saw a car suddenly appear on his right-hand side and come directly towards him.
2．Not only she speak Spanish, but she also knows how to type it.
3．In a lecture hall of a university in England (sit) a professor.
4．Equally important (be) taking notes and listening to the teacher in class.
5．Only in this way the team begin its journey to the next Olympics.
6．Not until I finished reading the book I truly understand the author’s intention.
7．So nervous was he he forgot his speech during the presentation.
8．In the classroom (be) forty Chinese students, twenty American students and two teachers, at least at present.
9．Hardly (have) he arrived at the airport when the plane took off.
10．Little (do) I think that I would pursue fashion design as my job and qualify as a fashion designer eventually.
11．While (cross) the street, she ran into a car and her knees got badly hurt.
12．When not (allow) to sleep, lab rats die within a month.
13．Alcohol can damage the liver if (consume) in large quantities.
14．As (schedule), the sports meet will be held on the weekend.
15．If (combine) with overseas partners, our company will expand the business.
16．He feels so happy that he followed his heart when (choose) what to do with his life, even though it may not be what others expected of him.
17．And when (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度).
18．Workmen stumbled upon the mosaic while (dig) foundations for a new building.
19．The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if (see) whether he was going in the right direction.
20．If not (correct) in time, these small mistakes will lead to a bad consequence.
21．It was in the factory where his friend worked he picked up a lot of experience.
22．Even so, was not until the Republic of China era in the 1910s that there were some noticeable results in promoting a common unified language in China.
23．It is you rather than Tom who to blame for the accident.
24．It was his determination and patience helped him succeed.
25．It was not until I got to the station I found I had missed my wallet.
26．It is exciting when the poet starts with one particular image, and then adds something that seems to be out of place — it is the lines which stick out make a poem interesting.
27．In the last decades, it is advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
28．It was at the age of fifteen Louis Braille created a system with patterns of six raised dots representing each letter.
29．It is because I know you like Chinese culture I would like to invite you to participate in the event.
30．It was for this reason her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)易错点09 特殊句式
目 录
01 易错陷阱（3大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】倒装句易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】省略句易混易错点
【易错点提醒三】强调句和定语从句混淆
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：倒装句易混易错点。
完全倒装 句中多/少助动词； 主谓一致；
部分倒装 少助动词； 谓语时态、语态、主谓一致错用；
易错陷阱2：省略句易混易错点。
状语从句 省略从句的主语和be动词时，主句和从句主语需一致； 从句谓语动词含有be动词的形式；
定语从句的省略 当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可省略，但介词+关系代词不省略； 在非限制性定语从句中，关系词不省略
易错陷阱3：强调句和定语从句混淆。
在语法填空里，强调句和定语从句容易混淆，从而导致题目做错
【易错点提醒一】 倒装句易混易错点
【例1】 （2023-2024学年·哈尔滨·开学考试）He also believes that when more people know about animals can nature be better protected, for which he will continue to show the beautiful wildlife to the world with his camera.
易错分析：对部分倒装句基础知识掌握不牢，对only用法掌握不全面。
【答案】only
【解析】句意：他还相信，只有更多的人了解动物，自然才能得到更好的保护，为此，他将继续用他的相机向世界展示美丽的野生动物。根据后文的can nature be better protected是部分倒装句，并结合句意可知，表示“只有”用only，only+when引导的时间状语从句位于that引导的宾语从句的句首，后文使用部分倒装。故填only。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·福建·期中）The highlight is perhaps the central courtyard, inside which (situate) the largest pavilion in the garden designed for scholarly study.
【答案】is situated
【解析】考查倒装句、时态和语态。句意：亮点可能是中央庭院，里面是花园中最大的亭子，专为学术研究而设计。根据主句的is和句意，这里陈述都是客观事实，应用一般现在时。inside which...为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，且表示方位的介词短语位于句首，所以从句用全部倒装，即将谓语全部置于主语之前。从句主语是the largest pavilion，和situate(使位于，使坐落于)之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且be动词用is。故填is situated。
【变式2】（24-25高三上·福建福州·期中）Among the most typical examples (be) the century egg, or pidan in Chinese.
【答案】is
【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：其中最典型的例子就是皮蛋。设空处为谓语，描述客观事实，用一般现在时，本句为倒装句，主语the century egg, or pidan，谓语用第三人称单数，故填is。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·湖北武汉·阶段练习）“By connecting past and present, we’re sure that never will these age-old skills (forget),” Hao says.
【答案】be forgotten
【解析】考查语态。句意：“通过连接过去和现在，我们确信这些古老的技能永远不会被遗忘，”郝说。该句为否定词位于句首引出的部分倒装句，主语与谓语构成被动关系，结合上文will可知为一般将来时的被动语态。故填be forgotten。
【易错点提醒二】 省略句易混易错点
【例2】（2025·安徽·二模）The sun and the mao, when (join) together, both support and contain the neighbouring parts.
易错分析：1.状语从句省略原则掌握不牢；2.refer的读音和变过去分词规则不清楚
【答案】joined
【解析】考查时态，语态，主谓一致和省略。句意：当榫和卯连接在一起时，两者都支持并包含相邻的部分。when引导的时间状语从句表示“当榫和卯被连接在一起时”，句子描述客观事实，因此用一般现在时的被动语态，The sun and the mao是两个东西，因此谓语动词用复数，when引导的从句写作“when the sun and the mao are joined together”，状语从句中主语和主句主语一致，且从句中有be动词时，可省略从句中的主语和be动词，因此空格处是joined。故填joined。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·江苏南通·期中）If (interest), just participate and you will be amazed to experience the combination of tradition and culture.
易错分析：1.状语从句省略原则掌握不牢；2.refer的读音和变过去分词规则不清楚
【答案】interested
【解析】考查状语从句省略。句意：如果有兴趣，就参加吧，你会惊奇地体验到传统与文化的结合。If引导条件状语从句，此处从句主语和主句主语一致，且有be动词，可以省略从句主语和be动词，完整句子为If you are interested, just participate and you will be amazed...省略you are，保留形容词interested“感兴趣的”。故填interested。
【变式2】（2024-2025·江苏·阶段练习）In a way our programmer is like our coach. She programs us with all the possible moves she has seen while (watch) human games.
【答案】watching
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：她把她在观看人类比赛时看到的所有可能的动作都编入我们的程序。此处为while引导的时间状语从句的省略用法，当主从句主语一致时，可省略从句的主语和be动词，此处为while she is watching，省略了she is，因为 she和动词watch之间构成主动关系，所以为现在分词形式。故填watching。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·江苏南通·阶段练习）When (step) into the exhibition hall, visitors will be greeted with both technology and relics.
【答案】stepping
【解析】考查状语从句的省略。句意：踏入展厅时，参观者将看到技术和文物。此处是when引导的状语从句的省略，当主句主语和从句主语是同一主语时，且从句含有be动词，从句可以省略主语和be动词，主语visitors与空处为主动关系，完整从句为when they are stepping into the exhibition hall，省略主语和be动词，故填stepping。
【易错点提醒三】 强调句和定语从句易混点
【例3】（24-25高三上·湖南邵阳·期中）It is due to the continuous efforts of our vast horological community and new friends Qing Palace timepieces, as historical and cultural heritage, can demonstrate vitality in promotion, play a greater role in cultural heritage, and receive more support”.
易错分析：对强调句结构不熟练导致本句翻译受阻，句意不清。
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句。句意：正是由于我们广大钟表界和新朋友的不断努力，清宫时计作为历史文化遗产，才能在推广中展现出生命力，发挥更大的文化传承作用，得到更多的支持”。此处为强调句：it was+被强调部分+that/who+其他，被强调部分为due to the continuous efforts of our vast horological community and new friends。故填that。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·江苏扬州·期中）It’s this shared passion for skateboarding binds this community together tightly across the globe.
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句。句意：正是这种对滑板的共同热情将这个全球社区紧密地联系在一起。这里是强调句型It is + 被强调部分+ that + 其他部分，故填that。
【变式2】（24-25高三上·广东·阶段练习）It was my closest family observed my first mistakes I made in using chopsticks.
【答案】that
【解析】考查强调句型。句意：是我最亲近的家人最早发现了我使用筷子的错误。该句使用强调句型强调了主语my closest family，强调人时可填who或that。故填who/that。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·山西运城·期中）It has all the qualities match the needs of local farmers. For example, it runs on diesel (柴油), has strong wheels and can also be used to cut fodder (饲料).
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：它具备符合当地农民需求的所有品质。空处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为qualities，有all修饰，先行词作从句的主语，用关系代词that引导从句。故填that。
1．Hardly had he got to the middle of the street he saw a car suddenly appear on his right-hand side and come directly towards him.
2．Not only she speak Spanish, but she also knows how to type it.
3．In a lecture hall of a university in England (sit) a professor.
4．Equally important (be) taking notes and listening to the teacher in class.
5．Only in this way the team begin its journey to the next Olympics.
6．Not until I finished reading the book I truly understand the author’s intention.
7．So nervous was he he forgot his speech during the presentation.
8．In the classroom (be) forty Chinese students, twenty American students and two teachers, at least at present.
9．Hardly (have) he arrived at the airport when the plane took off.
10．Little (do) I think that I would pursue fashion design as my job and qualify as a fashion designer eventually.
11．While (cross) the street, she ran into a car and her knees got badly hurt.
12．When not (allow) to sleep, lab rats die within a month.
13．Alcohol can damage the liver if (consume) in large quantities.
14．As (schedule), the sports meet will be held on the weekend.
15．If (combine) with overseas partners, our company will expand the business.
16．He feels so happy that he followed his heart when (choose) what to do with his life, even though it may not be what others expected of him.
17．And when (ask) about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation (适度).
18．Workmen stumbled upon the mosaic while (dig) foundations for a new building.
19．The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if (see) whether he was going in the right direction.
20．If not (correct) in time, these small mistakes will lead to a bad consequence.
21．It was in the factory where his friend worked he picked up a lot of experience.
22．Even so, was not until the Republic of China era in the 1910s that there were some noticeable results in promoting a common unified language in China.
23．It is you rather than Tom who to blame for the accident.
24．It was his determination and patience helped him succeed.
25．It was not until I got to the station I found I had missed my wallet.
26．It is exciting when the poet starts with one particular image, and then adds something that seems to be out of place — it is the lines which stick out make a poem interesting.
27．In the last decades, it is advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longer than in the past.
28．It was at the age of fifteen Louis Braille created a system with patterns of six raised dots representing each letter.
29．It is because I know you like Chinese culture I would like to invite you to participate in the event.
30．It was for this reason her uncle moved out of New York and settled down in a small village.
1．when
【详解】考查固定句式以及部分倒装结构。句意：他刚到街道中间，突然看到一辆车从他的右侧出现，直接朝他开来。由于hardly位于句首，句子采用了部分倒装结构，构成固定句型hardly...when...“一……就……”，用于描述两个几乎同时发生的动作或事件，其中 hardly 后的动作先发生，when 后的动作紧接着发生。故填when。
2．does
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：她不仅会说西班牙语，还会打（出来）。not only…but also…句型中not only位于句首需用部分倒装，but also部分不倒装，根据后文knows可知为一般现在时，主语为she，应将助动词does提到主语之前，故填does。
3．sits/sat
【详解】考查时态。句意：在英国一所大学的演讲厅里坐着一位教授。该句为表方位的介词短语位于句首引出的全部倒装句，主语为a professor，此处为句子的谓语动词，结合句意可知，此处可理解为过去的事，也可以理解为描述客观事实，所以使用一般过去时或一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，一般现在时的谓语动词为动词三单形式。故填sits/sat。
4．are
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：同样重要的是在课堂上记笔记和听老师讲课。Equally important在开头，句子为完全倒装句，主语为taking notes and listening to the teacher，看作复数形式。句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填are。
5．does/will/can
【详解】考查倒装句。句意：只有这样，球队才能开始下一届奥运会的征途。“only+状语”置于句首，句子使用部分倒装，句子结构是助动词/情态动词+do，此处可以表示一般现在时，陈述客观事实，也可以使用一般将来时，助动词可以用does/will，还可以使用情态动词can，表示“能够”。故填does/will/can。
6．did
【详解】考查时态和部分倒装。句意：直到读完这本书，我才真正理解作者的意图。Not until位于句首时，主句部分要部分倒装，由finished可知，句子时态是一般过去时，由后面的understand是原形可知，部分倒装由添加助动词did并提前到主语I的前面形成，因此空格处是did。故填did。
7．that
【详解】考查结果状语从句和倒装。句意：他太紧张了，以至于在演讲时忘记了演讲。根据“So nervous was he”可知，本句是so...that...引导的结果状语从句的倒装结构，意为“如此……以至于……”，因此空格处是that，故填that。
8．are
【详解】考查谓语动词。句意：教室里至少目前有40名中国学生，20名美国学生和两名老师。此处为句子的谓语动词，结合句意和时间状语at present，此处使用一般现在时；表示方位的介词短语in the classroom位于句首作表语，该句为全部倒装，所以主语应为“forty Chinese students, twenty American students and two teachers”。故填are。
9．had
【详解】考查时态。句意：他刚到机场，飞机就起飞了。此处为句型hardly...when...表示“刚……就”，主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；hardly置于句首，主句要部分倒装，将助动词had置于主语之前，故填had。
10．did
【详解】考查倒装句和时态。句意：我几乎没有想过我会把时装设计作为我的工作，并最终成为一名合格的时装设计师。否定副词little位于句首，使用部分倒装，将助动词置于主语之前，结合“would pursue”可知，使用一般过去时，助动词用did。故填did。
11．crossing
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：过马路时，她撞上了一辆汽车，膝盖受了重伤。while引导时间状语从句，主语为she，时态为过去进行时，谓语结构为was crossing，当从句主语和主句主语一致时，省略从句的主语和be动词，保留现在分词。故填crossing。
12．allowed
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当不允许睡觉时，实验室的老鼠会在一个月内死亡。在when, while, if, as if, though(或although), as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。“When not (allow) to sleep”是时间状语从句，原句为“When lab rats are not allowed to sleep”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略lab rats are后，应保留过去分词allowed。故填allowed。
13．consumed
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果大量饮酒，酒精会损害肝脏。设空处构成状语从句的省略结构，此处需要将条件状语从句补全为if alcohol is consumed in large quantities，主句与从句主语一致，从句中的主语及be动词可省略，因此使用过去分词consumed。故填consumed。
14．scheduled
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意：按计划，运动会将在周末举行。此处用了as“照……方式”引导方式状语从句，从句无主语，为省略形式，对主语和be动词同时进行了省略，schedule“安排，计划”和被省略的主语the sports meet之间是被动关系，schedule应用过去分词形式。故填scheduled。
15．combined
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果与海外合作伙伴合作，我们公司将拓展业务。be combined with (与……结合)，在if引导的条件状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词时，可省略从句的主语和be动词；“If (combine) with overseas partners”是条件状语从句，主将从现，从句完整形式为“If our company is combined with overseas partners”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略our company is后，保留过去分词combined。故填combined。
16．choosing
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：他感到如此幸福，以至于当他选择如何生活时，他遵从了自己的内心，尽管这可能不是别人对他的期望。when引导的时间状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，可以省略从句的主语和be动词，原句为when he is choosing，省略从句主语及be动词，保留现在分词。故填choosing。
17．asked
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：当被问及他的新头衔时，他分享了秘诀：适度。结合语意，when引导的时间状语从句中，主语为he，且ask与he之间是被动关系，应用被动语态be asked，状语从句中，从句主语与主句主语一致，且从句中含有be动词形式，则从句中的“主语+be动词”可以省略。故填asked。
18．digging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：工人们在为一座新楼挖地基时偶然发现了这幅马赛克画。此处为状语从句的省略，省略主语和be动词，且为主动关系，应用现在分词。故填digging。
19．to see
【详解】考查省略。句意：我们跟踪的那个人突然停了下来，看起来好像要看看他是否走对了方向。分析句子可知，as if 引导的表语从句，原句为：as if he was to see。省略了 he was。故填to see。
20．corrected
【详解】考查状语从句的省略。句意：如果不及时纠正，这些小错误就会导致不好的后果。句中构成状语从句的省略结构，mistakes与correct之间是被动关系，原句为if these small mistakes are not corrected，当从句的主语与主句的主语一致，且有be done的结构，可以省略主语和be动词。故填corrected。
21．that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是在朋友工作的那家工厂里，他学到了很多经验。此处是强调句：it be+强调内容+that/who+句子剩余部分，当强调内容为人，应用that/who，当强调内容为物，应用that，此处强调状语in the factory where his friend worked。故填that。
22．it
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：即便如此，直到20世纪10年代的民国时期，在中国推动统一语言的工作才取得了一些明显的成果。此处为强调句型“It was+被强调部分+that...”结构，强调的是“not… until”句型中的时间状语，所以此处使用it。故填 it。
23．are
【详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：这次事故该受责备的是你而不是汤姆。此处用了强调句型“it be+被强调部分+who…”，被强调的是you rather than Tom，谓语动词应和rather than前面的you保持人称和数的一致，结合“is”可知，时态应用一般现在时，且需用be to blame for表示“对……负有责任”，be动词应用are。故填are。
24．that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是他的决心和耐心帮助他取得了成功。强调句的基本句型是：It is/was+被强调部分+that+句子其他成分，此处对主语his determination and patience进行强调，空处需填that。故填that。
25．that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到我到达车站，我才发现我的钱包不见了。本句为强调句，其结构为It was +强调部分+that + 其他部分。句中强调状语not until I got to the station。根据句意，故填that。
26．that
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：当诗人以一个特定的意象开始，然后加入一些似乎不合适的东西时，这是令人兴奋的——正是那些突兀的诗句使一首诗有趣。结合“it is the lines which stick out”可知，此处用强调句型“it be+被强调部分+that/who…”，主语the lines which stick out“那些突兀的诗句”是被强调部分，指物，空处应用that。故填that。
27．that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：在过去的几十年里，是先进的医疗技术使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。此处为强调句：It is/was+被强调部分+that/ who+其它部分，被强调部分为advances in medical technology，故填that。
28．that
【详解】考查强调句型。句意：就是在15岁的时候，路易斯·布莱叶创造了一个由六个凸起的圆点组成的图案代表每个字母的系统。此处是强调句型“It is … that…”，强调时间状语at the age of fifteen，用that。故填that。
29．that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：因为我知道你喜欢中国文化，所以我想邀请你参加这次活动。此处为强调句It is/ was + 被强调部分+ that+ 其它部分，被强调部分为because I know you like Chinese culture。故填that。
30．that
【详解】考查强调句。句意：正是因为这个原因，她的叔叔搬出了纽约，在一个小村子里定居下来。此处为强调句：It is/ was + 被强调部分+ that/ who+ 其它部分，被强调部分为for this reason，故填that。
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