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易错点16 完形填空
目 录
01 易错陷阱（4大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】句中题易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】句组易混易错点
【易错点提醒三】语篇易混易错点
【易错点提醒四】熟词生义易混易错点
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：句中题易混易错点。
【分析】
句中题指设空处的答案由设空处本身所在的单句逻辑意思即可确定选项。
易错陷阱2：句组易混易错点。
【分析】
句组层次的题由设空处所在的单句无法辨别，需要根据其所在句子的前后句组的信息才可以确定正确选项。
易错陷阱3：语篇易混易错点。
【分析】
语篇层次的题在设空处所在的句中和前后句组内往往不能确定选项，需要浏览全文，根据其他段落或综合全篇信息才能得出正确答案。
易错陷阱4： 熟词生义易混易错点。
【分析】
浏览全文，放在具体的句子、文章语境中去推测其特殊含义。
【易错点提醒一】 句中题易混易错点
【例1】 （24-25高三上·广西来宾·阶段练习）
As a single and only parent, my paycheck was survival. The next day as we searched for our tree, I struggled to be cheerful as I 3 each price tag. Over the next week, I 4 applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. The world was closing in on me. I drove home, feeling 5 .
3．A．nosed B．felt C．sensed D．eyed
4．A．constantly B．deliberately C．instantly D．aimlessly
5．A．puzzled B．defeated C．confused D．motivated
【变式1】（2025·江苏南京·一模）But one guy 4 my attention: not the first time, and probably not the second time either, but the third time I noticed something 5 . The shirt he was wearing looked like one I had seen before, and at first, I thought this might be the 6 dress of the flower sellers. On second thought, I wondered if it could be his 7 brother. But when we made another turn, I realized that the same guy was running down, taking shortcuts and 8 us all the way!
4．A．sought B．shifted C．drew D．deserved
5．A．urgent B．traditional C．beautiful D．familiar
6．A．fancy B．standard C．casual D．plain
7．A．twin B．poor C．lost D．industrious
8．A．observing B．leading C．following D．cheering
【变式2】（2025·广西·模拟预测）I’m not a 2 backpacker. I’m a thirty-seven-year-old female, a wife and homeschooling mom of two. I work part-time for a nonprofit ministry, 3 in my church, and bake cookies with my kids. I’m healthy and active but not 4 skinny or muscular. I like camping, but I’d never done it without having 5 to a toilet and a shower.
2．A．lazy B．ambitious C．straightforward D．typical
3．A．serve B．invest C．deal D．engage
4．A．merely B．exactly C．directly D．closely
5．A．access B．capacity C．privilege D．permission
【变式3】（24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）One day I 6 and reexamined myself. Was I afraid of letting go of something I was devoted to The answer was that the most 7 parts of my life were the once spent with those I loved — not on a stage. That led to a 8 in direction — a career path that allowed me to spend more time with my family.
6．A．moved forward B．slowed down C．held on D．gave up
7．A．bitter B．demanding C．meaningful D．complicated
8．A．release B．barrier C．consequence D．shift
【易错点提醒二】短语词组
【例2】 （2023年新高考I卷）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a petitor__ across the finish line.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
【变式1】（2024·贵州遵义·一模）“Is there any 9 in the fragrance ” the saint asked the boy. “No. It smells as 10 as before,” replied the boy. Then the saint said, “Boy, you should be like this rose, giving out the fragrance but at the same time not letting the bad smell rub onto you. Your good 11 are your strength. You should not 12 them in bad company.”
9．A．common B．change C．mystery D．improvement
10．A．strange B．special C．fresh D．light
11．A．qualities B．experiences C．talents D．emotions
12．A．reject B．question C．expose D．lose
【变式2】（24-25高三上·贵州黔西·阶段练习）For many parents, traveling for months with children would seem an impossible task. But 19 families from across the 1 may have found a way to make it 2 .
The “Traveling Village” is an experiment created by Nikolaj Astrup and his 3 Michelle R dgaard-Jessen. The couple 4 to continue traveling after having two 5 .
1．A．country B．globe C．park D．river
2．A．change B．disappear C．last D．work
3．A．friend B．wife C．sister D．neighbor
4．A．wanted B．refused C．hesitated D．forgot
5．A．companies B．pets C．children D．parents
【变式3】（24-25高三上·江西·阶段练习）Anthony’s early years were marked by hope and expectation. At the age of four, he was 1 by a family who seemed loving and supportive. Like any child in his 2 , Anthony believed he would headed for a happy ending. However, as he grew older, this hope 3 . At eleven, his adoptive parents abandoned him at a hospital, leaving him 4 and sad. With no family or support, he felt overwhelmed by betrayal and loneliness.
1．A．adopted B．abandoned C．educated D．cheated
2．A．impression B．imagination C．situation D．exploration
3．A．locked B．lit C．rose D．faded
4．A．peaceful B．alone C．free D．greedy
【易错点提醒三】 语篇题易混易错点
【例3】（2022年全国甲卷）
He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 50. In that moment, I began to fall for him.
We 51. continued to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her 52.leg . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly 53.constantly climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve 54 .suggested his house. All worked 55. fine . The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, 56. respected Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team 57. caring for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my 58.delight , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I 59 him to. That’s only for giving 60 to the dogs that brought us together.
59．A．beg B．trust C．need D．aid
60．A．toys B．awards C．food D．Water
【变式1】（24-25高三上·四川成都·阶段练习）
Just then, something 10 happened. Our observer spontaneously (自发地) 11 and offered his seat to another standing man. Instantly, we had 12 a chain reaction: This game of seat-sharing 13 through the bus like wildfire and, before long, almost all the standees got a chance to be seated. People even started chatting with each other while exchanging positions. Needless to say, the rest of the journey was quite enjoyable.
This extraordinary experience has stayed with me even after all these years. It revealed to me an important fact — that we can all 14 what we have, including our burdens, and help our co-passengers in his 15 called life.
11．A．settled down B．set out C．stood up D．showed off
12．A．made use of B．related to C．set off D．turned out
13．A．spread B．came C．got D．rushed
14．A．expect B．desire C．guarantee D．share
15．A．lesson B．journey C．routine D．situation
【变式2】（24-25高三上·河北邢台·阶段练习）During a school talent show, Grace Sun realized music can spread joy and create community connections.
........
Her action is a great example of the 15 of connection.
15．A．credit B．comfort C．value D．bargain
【变式3】（24-25高三上·辽宁·阶段练习）History has been made in Zacatecas, Mexico. Twenty-five-year-old Ana Victoria Espino de Santiago 1 a world that often sets limits on those with disabilities, becoming the world’s first lawyer with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征).
..........
Espino’s journey has broken 15 and re- defined what success is, inspiring others to follow in her footsteps.
1．A．destroyed B．served C．respected D．studied
15．A．functions B．records C．promises D．barriers
【易错点提醒四】 熟词生义易混易错点
【例4】(2021·浙江6月卷)
My mother is 92.Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her 36.shopping and visit the doctor, providing __37__ and transportation.
37.A.reward B.medicine
C.company D.shelter
【变式1】（湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三联合测评试题）
Jayden, now 13, has become a devoted fisherman and 29 Dunn with helping him mature. “I hope he knows I mean it when I say thank you,” he says.
A．charges B．entertains C．rewards D．Credits
【变式2】　(2021·全国乙卷)
When she 53.reached one nurse, she tried to press a five－pound note into her hand.My colleague 54.refused to accept it, saying that we were all just 55.doing our job.The patient looked puzzled, and then 56.replied：“Oh this isn’t for the 57.care I had.I take that as a __58__.No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
58.A.goal B.given
C.push D.greeting
【变式3】（24-25高三上·四川成都·阶段练习）
Just then there was a knock at the door from outside. Opening the door, she found it was a small girl who 4 her little face and asked, “Auntie, is there a candle in your home ”
4．A．rubbed B．hid C．lifted D．flushed
（2024·江西·一模）When I started my Ph. D．, I knew my work was producing much waste, but I took it for granted. That all 1 one day when I saw plastic waste piled against the wall.
I went to my adviser and decided to create 3D-printed lab 2 out of our waste. But the process of making these tools didn’t go smoothly. After months of 3 , I felt worried about my dream.
It was a 4 when my colleagues were eager to join us. We created a group devoted to 5 other greener ways. We began meeting every month to discuss some 6 . We introduced new recycling bins to each lab after learning that some waste could be recycled if it was sorted 7 . And we also tracked the energy consumption of lab equipment. By doing these, we could create 8 on how to use each device.
Our most energy-hungry devices were the ultra-low-temperature freezers, which caused much trouble. So, we started to 9 it, asking labs to remove samples that were not 10 anymore and make the most of the remaining ones. Through those 11 , we managed to increase the temperature of several freezers after realizing some samples didn’t have to be stored so 12 .
I’m still disappointed that I couldn’t 13 my 3D-printing dream, and I’m determined enough to keep trying. I’ve also learned that if one 14 isn’t working, sometimes it’s best to take a step back and look for other solutions. I’m 15 that with my colleagues’ help, we were able to do that.
1．A．mattered B．changed C．happened D．worked
2．A．tests B．buildings C．machines D．tools
3．A．struggling B．dreaming C．delaying D．preparing
4．A．lesson B．relief C．signal D．point
5．A．searching for B．settling for C．heading for D．longing for
6．A．solutions B．topics C．articles D．techniques
7．A．randomly B．accidentally C．appropriately D．suddenly
8．A．pictures B．instructions C．patterns D．details
9．A．advocate B．protect C．adopt D．challenge
10．A．issued B．licensed C．needed D．involved
11．A．occasions B．efforts C．experiments D．manners
12．A．deep B．secret C．cold D．high
13．A．discuss B．practice C．realize D．pursue
14．A．position B．power C．direction D．approach
15．A．grateful B．anxious C．hopeful D．curious
（24-25高三上·山东青岛·阶段练习）I’ve loved taking pictures since my parents gave me my first camera at age 10. When I was 14, my friend Sandi taught me how to be a 1 . Thirty years later, I 2 a problem. In 2005, the retina (视网膜) in my right eye detached (脱离). Even after a (n) 3 , my vision in that eye was 4 . Fortunately, with my “good” left eye, I could still take photos for fun. I retired in 2012, excited at last to dive into photography in a big way. I 5 magazines and wanted to have one of my photos published.
In 2014, Sandi passed away. Her death reminded me that life is 6 and made me even more motivated in my photography. However, a storm may 7 from a clear sky. The year before last, the retina in my left eye also detached and I had a (n) 8 surgery. I was terrified that I would end up nearly blind. 9 , when the eye blindfold came off, I could still see.
The six-month 10 finally came to an end. I picked up my camera again and captured the hidden 11 with sharper eyes. I even learned to 12 my photos with editing software. On Father’s Day, I 13 my dad a photo I created. He was 14 . Even better, the photo was 15 in a magazine! My dream has come true at last!
1．A．photographer B．designer C．surgeon D．director
2．A．tackled B．encountered C．discussed D．explained
3．A．consultation B．introduction C．surgery D．examination
4．A．unusual B．abnormal C．ideal D．clear
5．A．subscribed to B．cooperated with C．approached to D．handed in
6．A．potential B．perfect C．precious D．worthwhile
7．A．disappear B．arise C．spread D．result
8．A．emergency B．alternative C．correction D．plastic
9．A．Strangely B．Clearly C．Expectedly D．Luckily
10．A．operation B．recovery C．experiment D．exploration
11．A．secret B．value C．treasure D．beauty
12．A．polish B．advertise C．track D．upload
13．A．awarded B．brought C．presented D．recommended
14．A．shocked B．ashamed C．worried D．satisfied
15．A．recorded B．collected C．published D．evaluated
（24-25高三上·湖南·阶段练习）Not long into my career in journalism,I realized I was in need of some slow, 1 adventure.The kind of fun that required little planning,zero stress and a lot of time. The kind of time you often didn't get in a 2 .
And that's when I 3 a secret.Washington,D．C．,the city where I live,is full of hidden fossils.In my overstimulated life,I began to 4 fossils.Many of the local sites are within 80 miles south of the capital along the Potomac River,so fossil hunting 5 removes me from the city.It is a visual game,requiring 6 and focus. Spotting recognizable shapes in the wild is like thinking over a broken 7 in the sediment(沉积物).Is it a tooth,a bone or a shell I'm looking for the 8 end pieces.Thankfully,my 9 phone service in these places holds back the rest of the world while I'm finding another one.And I know the fossils aren't demanding my 10 attention because they have nothing but time.
Once,I took a bottle-cap-sized trilobite(三叶虫)fossil into the newsroom and placed it within my sight.It was something I wanted to 11 throughout the day. Turning over that piece of rock is a way to 12 me outside for a moment and to a time before humans arrived and 13 cities on top of those lands.
Thinking about geological time makes me feel brief and remarkable,like the little trilobite.My worried mind 14 .I realize a lot of stressful details don't matter.My 15 shifts.Maybe I don't need to take that phone call right this minute.
1．A．dangerous B．low-risk C．historical D．romantic
2．A．house B．car C．newsroom D．school
3．A．revealed B．hid C．guarded D．discovered
4．A．seek B．search C．purchase D．modify
5．A．gradually B．physically C．eventually D．typically
6．A．patience B．strength C．training D．courage
7．A．dream B．image C．resource D．puzzle
8．A．obvious B．expensive C．rare D．impressive
9．A．precious B．conventional C．poor D．clear
10．A．scholarly B．public C．extra D．immediate
11．A．avoid B．notice C．introduce D．display
12．A．touch B．hold C．seize D．transport
13．A．built B．explored C．conquered D．found
14．A．takes off B．settles down C．goes blank D．runs out
15．A．standpoint B．question C．standard D．task
（24-25高三上·福建福州·阶段练习）One day, my children and I found a homeless, small cat trapped in a burning box. She was 1 injured, with most hairs burned. We rescued her and named her Smoky. Back at our ranch (牧场) we 2 her.
Weeks later, Smoky looked better, but was completely 3 due to medicine on her skin. She looked so ugly but we adored her. My husband, Bill, didn’t. Smoky 4 him, too. Why He was a pipe smoker 5 matches and lighters that 6 and burned. Every time he lit up the pipe, Smoky panicked, 7 his coffee cup before fleeing.
“Can’t I have any 8 here ” he’d complain, instead of quitting smoking though it harmed his health. 9 , Smoky became more 10 of the pipe and its owner. She’d lie on the sofa and look at Bill as he smoked. One day he laughed, “Oh, the cat makes me feel 11 .” Slowly, Bill 12 smoked in the house, and one night, surprisingly, I found Smoky lying on his lap. Bill started liking her.
During Smoky’s second year, she began growing fur. Tiny white hairs gradually grew long. Bill continued to enjoy her 13 , driving around with Smoky. When he got out of the truck to check the 14 on the ranch, he left the cat 15 , letting her enjoy the air conditioning. With the power of love and patience, Smoky was no longer the frightened, injured cat we found but a symbol of hope and resilience.
1．A．accidentally B．likely C．severely D．lightly
2．A．treated B．trained C．caged D．entertained
3．A．homeless B．hairless C．cured D．deserted
4．A．resisted B．attacked C．disliked D．annoyed
5．A．particular about B．independent of C．full of D．armed with
6．A．flashed B．sounded C．smoked D．slipped
7．A．turning over B．knocking over C．taking away D．picking up
8．A．coffee B．peace C．trouble D．right
9．A．In time B．So far C．On occasion D．Sooner or later
10．A．tired B．aware C．tolerant D．careful
11．A．sick B．guilty C．cheerful D．content
12．A．rarely B．occasionally C．casually D．continuously
13．A．beauty B．gentleness C．warmth D．company
14．A．cattle B．engine C．road D．weather
15．A．behind B．aside C．inside D．out
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)易错点16 完形填空
目 录
01 易错陷阱（4大陷阱）
02 举一反三
【易错点提醒一】句中题易混易错点
【易错点提醒二】句组易混易错点
【易错点提醒三】语篇易混易错点
【易错点提醒四】熟词生义易混易错点
03 易错题通关
易错陷阱1：句中题易混易错点。
【分析】
句中题指设空处的答案由设空处本身所在的单句逻辑意思即可确定选项。
易错陷阱2：句组易混易错点。
【分析】
句组层次的题由设空处所在的单句无法辨别，需要根据其所在句子的前后句组的信息才可以确定正确选项。
易错陷阱3：语篇易混易错点。
【分析】
语篇层次的题在设空处所在的句中和前后句组内往往不能确定选项，需要浏览全文，根据其他段落或综合全篇信息才能得出正确答案。
易错陷阱4： 熟词生义易混易错点。
【分析】
浏览全文，放在具体的句子、文章语境中去推测其特殊含义。
【易错点提醒一】 句中题易混易错点
【例1】 （24-25高三上·广西来宾·阶段练习）
As a single and only parent, my paycheck was survival. The next day as we searched for our tree, I struggled to be cheerful as I 3 each price tag. Over the next week, I 4 applied for jobs as my bank account grew smaller. The world was closing in on me. I drove home, feeling 5 .
3．A．nosed B．felt C．sensed D．eyed
4．A．constantly B．deliberately C．instantly D．aimlessly
5．A．puzzled B．defeated C．confused D．motivated
【答案】3．D 4．A 5．B
易错分析：脱离语境，未关主句内信息，根据前文“when I was told I lost my job.”和后文“each price tag”可推知，作者失业了，购物时要细看价格标签。按照常理即可推知3题答案。不关注bank account grew smaller则4空易误选D项。5处忽视句内暗示The world was closing in on me也易出错。
【解析】3．句意：第二天，当我们去找圣诞树，看着每一个价格标签，我努力保持愉快。A. nosed嗅探；B. felt感觉；C. sensed感觉到；D. eyed细看。根据前文“when I was told I lost my job.”和后文“each price tag”可推知，作者失业了，购物时要细看价格标签。故选D项。
句意：在接下来的一周里，我不断地申请工作，而我的银行账户余额却越来越少。A. constantly不断地；B. deliberately故意地；C. instantly立即地；D. aimlessly无目的地。根据后文“as my bank account grew smaller”可知，作者的银行账户余额在减少，所以作者在不断地申请工作。故选A项。
5．句意：我开车回家，感觉很沮丧。A. puzzled困惑的；B. defeated被打败的，沮丧的；C. confused困惑的；D. motivated有动力的。根据前文“The world was closing in on me”可知，作者感觉世界都在压迫自己，所以感觉很沮丧。故选B项。
【变式1】（2025·江苏南京·一模）But one guy 4 my attention: not the first time, and probably not the second time either, but the third time I noticed something 5 . The shirt he was wearing looked like one I had seen before, and at first, I thought this might be the 6 dress of the flower sellers. On second thought, I wondered if it could be his 7 brother. But when we made another turn, I realized that the same guy was running down, taking shortcuts and 8 us all the way!
4．A．sought B．shifted C．drew D．deserved
5．A．urgent B．traditional C．beautiful D．familiar
6．A．fancy B．standard C．casual D．plain
7．A．twin B．poor C．lost D．industrious
8．A．observing B．leading C．following D．cheering
【答案】4．C 5．D 6．B 7．A 8．C
【解析】4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是有一个人引起了我的注意：不是第一次，可能也不是第二次，但第三次我注意到了一些熟悉的东西。A. sought寻找；B. shifted转移；C. drew吸引，绘画；D. deserved值得。根据后文“my attention”指吸引注意力应用draw。故选C。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是有一个人引起了我的注意：不是第一次，可能也不是第二次，但第三次我注意到了一些熟悉的东西。A. urgent紧急的；B. traditional传统的；C. beautiful美丽的；D. familiar熟悉的。根据后文“The shirt he was wearing looked like one I had seen before”可知，作者注意到了一些熟悉的东西。故选D。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他穿的衬衫看起来像我以前见过的一件，起初，我以为这可能是卖花的人的标准着装。A. fancy时髦的；B. standard标准的；C. casual随便的；D. plain朴素的。根据上文“The shirt he was wearing looked like one I had seen before, and at first, I thought this might be the”可知，卖花的人衬衫作者很熟悉，作者以为这可能是卖花的人的标准着装。故选B。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：转念一想，我怀疑会不会是他的孪生兄弟。A. twin双胞胎的；B. poor贫穷的；C. lost迷失的；D. industrious勤劳的。根据上文“The shirt he was wearing looked like one I had seen before”可知，作者一开始以为是孪生兄弟，所以相似，故选A。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是当我们又转了一个弯时，我意识到那个家伙正在往下跑，抄捷径，一路跟着我们！A. observing观察；B. leading领导；C. following跟随；D. cheering欢呼。根据后文“us all the way”可知，这个人一直跟着作者他们的车。故选C。
【变式2】（2025·广西·模拟预测）I’m not a 2 backpacker. I’m a thirty-seven-year-old female, a wife and homeschooling mom of two. I work part-time for a nonprofit ministry, 3 in my church, and bake cookies with my kids. I’m healthy and active but not 4 skinny or muscular. I like camping, but I’d never done it without having 5 to a toilet and a shower.
2．A．lazy B．ambitious C．straightforward D．typical
3．A．serve B．invest C．deal D．engage
4．A．merely B．exactly C．directly D．closely
5．A．access B．capacity C．privilege D．permission
【答案】2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A
【解析】2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不是一个典型的背包客。A. lazy懒惰的；B. ambitious有雄心的；C. straightforward坦率的；D. typical典型的。根据下文“But there I was, on my own in the 　　6　　 for the first time.”可知，这是作者第一次独自野营，因此他不是一个典型的背包客。故选D。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在一家非营利性质的教会机构做兼职，在教堂里担任义工，还会和孩子们一起烤饼干。A. serve服务；B. invest投资；C. deal处理；D. engage从事，吸引。根据上文“I work part-time for a nonprofit ministry”可知，作者为教堂服务。故选A。
4．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我身体健康，精力充沛，但既不算苗条也不算健壮。A. merely仅仅；B. exactly确切地；C. directly直接地；D. closely紧密地。根据“skinny or muscular”可知，此处表示作者不确定是算苗条还是算健壮。故选B。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我喜欢露营，但我从未在没有厕所和淋浴的情况下露营过。A. access进入；B. capacity容量；C. privilege特权；D. permission允许。根据“to a toilet and a shower”可知，作者以前露营时总能进入到厕所和淋浴，have access to为固定搭配，意为“进入”。故选A。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·湖南长沙·阶段练习）One day I 6 and reexamined myself. Was I afraid of letting go of something I was devoted to The answer was that the most 7 parts of my life were the once spent with those I loved — not on a stage. That led to a 8 in direction — a career path that allowed me to spend more time with my family.
6．A．moved forward B．slowed down C．held on D．gave up
7．A．bitter B．demanding C．meaningful D．complicated
8．A．release B．barrier C．consequence D．shift
【答案】6．B 7．C 8．D
【解析】6．考查动词短语辨析。句意：一天，我放慢了脚步，重新审视了自己。A. moved forward前进；B. slowed down减缓；C. held on等着；D. gave up放弃。根据下文的“and reexamined myself. Was I afraid of letting go of something I was devoted to ”可知，作者要重新审视自己，由此可推断，此处指的是作者是让自己慢下来，符合语境。故选B项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：答案是，我生命中最有意义的部分是与我所爱的人一起度过的时光，而不是在舞台上。A. bitter辛酸的；B. demanding苛刻的；C. meaningful有意义的；D. complicated复杂的。根据下文的“parts of my life were the once spent with those I loved — not on a stage.”可知，作者认为把时间花在自己爱的人身上而不是舞台上，这是一生中最有意义的部分。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这导致了方向的转变——一条让我有更多时间和家人在一起的职业道路。A. release释放；B. barrier障碍；C. consequence后果；D. shift转换。根据下文的“a career path that allowed me to spend more time with my family”可知，开始寻求职业上的转变，即从全身心工作到把部分时间花到自己爱的人身上。故选D项。
【易错点提醒二】短语词组
【例2】 （2023年新高考I卷）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have ____21____ the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a petitor__ across the finish line.
21. A. designed B. followed C. changed D. finished
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
易错分析：两处均属句组题，即在设空处本身的句子无法正确判断，但可以互相借助前后句组得知设空处意思，故一定瞻前顾后做完形。
【答案】21. D 22. A
【解析】
21.句组题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A. designed设计；B. followed跟随；C. changed改变；D. finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get ____8____ attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。故选D。
22.句组题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____1____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
【变式1】（2024·贵州遵义·一模）“Is there any 9 in the fragrance ” the saint asked the boy. “No. It smells as 10 as before,” replied the boy. Then the saint said, “Boy, you should be like this rose, giving out the fragrance but at the same time not letting the bad smell rub onto you. Your good 11 are your strength. You should not 12 them in bad company.”
9．A．common B．change C．mystery D．improvement
10．A．strange B．special C．fresh D．light
11．A．qualities B．experiences C．talents D．emotions
12．A．reject B．question C．expose D．lose
【答案】9．B 10．C 11．A 12．D
【解析】
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“香味有什么变化吗？”圣人问男孩。A. common公共用地；B. change改变；C. mystery秘密；D. improvement改善。根据后文“No. It smells as”可知，询问的是香味有没有变化。故选B。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“没有。它闻起来和以前一样新鲜，”男孩回答。A. strange奇怪的；B. special特别的；C. fresh新鲜的；D. light轻的。根据后文“as before”指玫瑰的香味和之前一样新鲜。故选C。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：你的好品质就是你的优点。A. qualities质量，品质；B. experiences经历；C. talents才能；D. emotions情感。根据上文“Boy, you should be like this rose, giving out the fragrance but at the same time not letting the bad smell rub onto you.(男孩，你应该像这朵玫瑰一样，散发出芬芳，但同时又不让难闻的气味蹭到你身上)”可知，圣人想要强调的是内在的品质。故选A。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：你不应该在坏朋友中失去它们。A. reject拒绝；B. question质疑；C. expose接触；D. lose丢失。后文them指的是上文提到的优点，即因为坏朋友而失去优点。故选D。
【变式2】（24-25高三上·贵州黔西·阶段练习）For many parents, traveling for months with children would seem an impossible task. But 19 families from across the 1 may have found a way to make it 2 .
The “Traveling Village” is an experiment created by Nikolaj Astrup and his 3 Michelle R dgaard-Jessen. The couple 4 to continue traveling after having two 5 .
1．A．country B．globe C．park D．river
2．A．change B．disappear C．last D．work
3．A．friend B．wife C．sister D．neighbor
4．A．wanted B．refused C．hesitated D．forgot
5．A．companies B．pets C．children D．parents
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．C
【解析】
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是来自全球的19个家庭可能已经找到了一种方式让它变得可行。 A. country国家；B. globe地球，全球；C. park公园；D. river河流。 根据下文“The families, from Denmark, the US, India, Ireland, Italy and the Netherlands,”可知，这些家庭来自全球各地。故选B。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. change改变；B. disappear消失；C. last持续；D. work奏效。根据下文“In January 2024, Nikolaj, Michelle and their two children ___6___ 18 other families to travel and ____7___ together. ”可知，这些家庭找到了一个方法让带着孩子长期旅行变得可行。故选D。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“旅行村”是Nikolaj Astrup和他的妻子Michelle R dgaard-Jessen发起的一项实验。A. friend朋友；B. wife妻子；C. sister姐妹；D. neighbor邻居。根据下文“The couple”可知，Michelle是Nikolaj的妻子。故选B。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这对夫妇想要在有了两个孩子后继续旅行。A. wanted想要；B. refused拒绝；C. hesitated犹豫；D. forgot忘记。根据上文“The “Traveling Village” is an experiment created by Nikolaj Astrup and his ___3___ Michelle R dgaard-Jessen.”可知，这对夫妇发起这项活动是因为他们想要在有孩子之后仍然能够继续他们的旅行。故选A。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同上。A. companies公司；B. pets宠物；C. children孩子；D. parents父母。根据上文“For many parents, traveling for months with children would seem an impossible task.”可知，他们有了两个孩子想要继续旅游。故选C。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·江西·阶段练习）Anthony’s early years were marked by hope and expectation. At the age of four, he was 1 by a family who seemed loving and supportive. Like any child in his 2 , Anthony believed he would headed for a happy ending. However, as he grew older, this hope 3 . At eleven, his adoptive parents abandoned him at a hospital, leaving him 4 and sad. With no family or support, he felt overwhelmed by betrayal and loneliness.
1．A．adopted B．abandoned C．educated D．cheated
2．A．impression B．imagination C．situation D．exploration
3．A．locked B．lit C．rose D．faded
4．A．peaceful B．alone C．free D．greedy
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B
【解析】1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在四岁的时候，他被一个看起来充满爱心和支持的家庭收养。A. adopted领养；B. abandoned遗弃；C. educated教育；D. cheated欺骗。根据下文“his adoptive parents”可知，Anthony是一个被领养的孩子。故选A。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：像任何处在相同境遇中的孩子一样，Anthony相信自己会有一个幸福的结局。A. impression印象；B. imagination想象；C. situation处境；D. exploration探索。根据空前“Like any child in his”可知，Anthony是一个被领养的孩子，此处指处在相同处境下的孩子都相信自己会有一个好的结局。故选C。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，这份希望逐渐消失。A. locked锁定；B. lit点亮；C. rose升起；D. faded逐渐消失。根据下文“At eleven, his adoptive parents abandoned him at a hospital”可知，Anthony的养父母再次抛弃了他，所以他美好的希望消失了。故选D。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：十一岁时，他的养父母把他遗弃在医院里，让他感到孤独和悲伤。A. peaceful和平的；B. alone孤独的；C. free自由的；D. greedy贪婪的。根据上文“his adoptive parents abandoned him at a hospital”以及下文“he felt overwhelmed by betrayal and loneliness”可知，再次被抛弃，Anthony肯定是孤独和悲伤的。故选B。
【易错点提醒三】 语篇题易混易错点
【例3】（2022年全国甲卷）
He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs. 50. In that moment, I began to fall for him.
We 51. continued to date, though neither of us brought up the future. And then in late November, Tilly had an operation on her 52.leg . I took the dogs out four times a day, and I worried that Tilly 53.constantly climbing the stairs could reopen the wound. Then Steve 54 .suggested his house. All worked 55. fine . The three dogs formed a pack that, with coaching, 56. respected Flora’s space; Steve and I formed a good team 57. caring for Tilly. We made good housemates.
A year later, much to my 58.delight , this man produced a little box with a ring and proposed to me. He did not kneel (跪) down, nor did I 59 him to. That’s only for giving 60 to the dogs that brought us together.
59．A．beg B．trust C．need D．aid
60．A．toys B．awards C．food D．Water
易错分析：设空处需要寻找的文章暗示相隔较远，容易被忽略50处的伏笔。故应当先浏览全文再寻找情感线索和逻辑线索确定答案。
【答案】59．C 60．D
【解析】
语篇题。考查动词词义辨析。句意：他没有跪下，我也不需要他跪下。A. beg乞求；B. trust信任；C. need需要；D. aid帮助。根据nor和“He did not kneel (跪) down”可知，此处是指“我”也不需要他跪下。故选C。
60．语篇题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是给爱犬喝水的举动把我们带到一起。A. toys玩具；B. awards奖励；C. food食物；D. water水。根据“brought us together”和前文“He poured water from a bottle into his hand and offered it to my dogs.”可知，此处是指给爱犬喝水的举动。故选D。
【变式1】（24-25高三上·四川成都·阶段练习）
Just then, something 10 happened. Our observer spontaneously (自发地) 11 and offered his seat to another standing man. Instantly, we had 12 a chain reaction: This game of seat-sharing 13 through the bus like wildfire and, before long, almost all the standees got a chance to be seated. People even started chatting with each other while exchanging positions. Needless to say, the rest of the journey was quite enjoyable.
This extraordinary experience has stayed with me even after all these years. It revealed to me an important fact — that we can all 14 what we have, including our burdens, and help our co-passengers in his 15 called life.
11．A．settled down B．set out C．stood up D．showed off
12．A．made use of B．related to C．set off D．turned out
13．A．spread B．came C．got D．rushed
14．A．expect B．desire C．guarantee D．share
15．A．lesson B．journey C．routine D．situation
【答案】11．C 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．B
【解析】
11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们的观察者自发地起身，把他的座位让给另一个站着的人。A. settled down安顿下来；B. set out出发；C. stood up站起来；D. showed off炫耀。根据下文“offered his seat to another standing man”，可知提供座位需要从座位站起来，故选 C。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们立刻引起了连锁反应：这个分享座位的游戏像野火一样在车上蔓延开来，没过多久，几乎所有站着的人都有机会坐了下来。A. made use of利用；B. related to涉及；C. set off出发，引发；D. turned out结果是。结合后文的“a chain reaction”可知这里的连锁反应应该跟动词短语set off连用，表示“引发连锁反应”，故选 C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. spread传播，蔓延；B. came来；C. got得到；D. rushed冲。结合后文“like wildfire and, before long, almost all the standees got a chance to be seated”可知是这个共享行为迅速扩散蔓延。故选 A。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它向我揭示了一个重要的事实——我们都可以分享我们所拥有的，包括我们的负担，并在生活的旅程中帮助我们的同伴。A. expect期待；B. desire渴望；C. guarantee确保；D. share分享。结合前文“People even started chatting with each other while exchanging positions. Needless to say, the rest of the journey was quite enjoyable.”并故事主旨可知这里指实现分享。故选 D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lesson课程；B. journey旅程；C. routine惯例；D. situation情况。结合上文“help our co-passengers”可知这里选择“旅程”，比喻为生活的旅程。故选B。
【变式2】（24-25高三上·河北邢台·阶段练习）During a school talent show, Grace Sun realized music can spread joy and create community connections.
........
Her action is a great example of the 15 of connection.
15．A．credit B．comfort C．value D．bargain
【答案】C
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的行为很好地说明了联系的价值。A. credit信誉；B. comfort舒适；C. value价值；D. bargain讨价还价。根据前文“During a school talent show, Grace Sun realized music can spread joy and create community connections.”可知，Grace Sun意识到音乐可以传播快乐，建立社区联系，然后Grace组织更多的音乐活动去帮助老年人，所以她的行为很好地说明了联系的价值。故选C项。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·辽宁·阶段练习）History has been made in Zacatecas, Mexico. Twenty-five-year-old Ana Victoria Espino de Santiago 1 a world that often sets limits on those with disabilities, becoming the world’s first lawyer with Down syndrome (唐氏综合征).
..........
Espino’s journey has broken 15 and re- defined what success is, inspiring others to follow in her footsteps.
1．A．destroyed B．served C．respected D．studied
15．A．functions B．records C．promises D．barriers
【答案】 1．B 15．D
【解析】
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：25岁的Ana Victoria Espino de Santiago成为世界上第一位患有唐氏综合症的律师，她为一个经常限制残疾人的世界服务。A. destroyed破坏；B. served服务；C. respected尊敬；D. studied学习。根据下文“becoming the world’s first lawyer with Down syndrome”可知，Ana Victoria Espino de Santiago是一个律师，她为这个世界服务。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：埃斯皮诺的旅程打破了障碍，重新定义了成功的含义，激励其他人跟随她的脚步。A. functions功能；B. records记录；C. promises承诺；D. barriers障碍。根据第一段“becoming the world’s first lawyer with Down syndrome”可知，她成为世界上第一位患有唐氏综合症的律师，所以是打破了障碍。故选D。
【易错点提醒四】 熟词生义易混易错点
【例4】(2021·浙江6月卷)
My mother is 92.Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her 36.shopping and visit the doctor, providing __37__ and transportation.
37.A.reward B.medicine
C.company D.shelter
易错分析：熟词自己主观臆断其意思，故应当积极积累词汇，扩大词汇量。
【答案】C
【解析】由语境和常识可知，此处指陪伴。company的含义较多，可表示“公司；剧团；陪伴；来宾”，考生在遇到多义词时要结合具体语境进行分析和判断。
【变式1】（湖北省高中名校联盟2023-2024学年高三联合测评试题）
Jayden, now 13, has become a devoted fisherman and 29 Dunn with helping him mature. “I hope he knows I mean it when I say thank you,” he says.
A．charges B．entertains C．rewards D．Credits
【答案】D
【解析】熟词生义。考查动词词义辨析。句意：现年13岁的杰登已经成为一名忠实的钓鱼人，他认为邓恩帮助他成熟起来。A. charges控告；B. entertains使快乐；C. rewards奖赏；D. credits认为。固定搭配credit sb. with sth.“把某事归功于某人”。故选D。
【变式2】　(2021·全国乙卷)
When she 53.reached one nurse, she tried to press a five－pound note into her hand.My colleague 54.refused to accept it, saying that we were all just 55.doing our job.The patient looked puzzled, and then 56.replied：“Oh this isn’t for the 57.care I had.I take that as a __58__.No, this is for setting my hair yesterday.”
58.A.goal B.given
C.push D.greeting
【答案】B
【解析】given熟义为give的过去分词，此处用作名词，表示“(定当发生的)假设事实”。given还可作介词，表示“鉴于，考虑到”。
【变式3】（24-25高三上·四川成都·阶段练习）
Just then there was a knock at the door from outside. Opening the door, she found it was a small girl who 4 her little face and asked, “Auntie, is there a candle in your home ”
4．A．rubbed B．hid C．lifted D．flushed
【答案】C
【解析】
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：就在这时，外面传来一阵敲门声。打开门，她发现是一个小女孩抬起小脸问：“阿姨，你家里有蜡烛吗？”A. rubbed擦；B. hid隐藏；C. lifted举起，抬起；D. flushed脸红。由上文“a small girl ”以及语境可知，小女孩不高，所以“抬起”头和女主人说话。故选C项。
（2024·江西·一模）When I started my Ph. D．, I knew my work was producing much waste, but I took it for granted. That all 1 one day when I saw plastic waste piled against the wall.
I went to my adviser and decided to create 3D-printed lab 2 out of our waste. But the process of making these tools didn’t go smoothly. After months of 3 , I felt worried about my dream.
It was a 4 when my colleagues were eager to join us. We created a group devoted to 5 other greener ways. We began meeting every month to discuss some 6 . We introduced new recycling bins to each lab after learning that some waste could be recycled if it was sorted 7 . And we also tracked the energy consumption of lab equipment. By doing these, we could create 8 on how to use each device.
Our most energy-hungry devices were the ultra-low-temperature freezers, which caused much trouble. So, we started to 9 it, asking labs to remove samples that were not 10 anymore and make the most of the remaining ones. Through those 11 , we managed to increase the temperature of several freezers after realizing some samples didn’t have to be stored so 12 .
I’m still disappointed that I couldn’t 13 my 3D-printing dream, and I’m determined enough to keep trying. I’ve also learned that if one 14 isn’t working, sometimes it’s best to take a step back and look for other solutions. I’m 15 that with my colleagues’ help, we were able to do that.
1．A．mattered B．changed C．happened D．worked
2．A．tests B．buildings C．machines D．tools
3．A．struggling B．dreaming C．delaying D．preparing
4．A．lesson B．relief C．signal D．point
5．A．searching for B．settling for C．heading for D．longing for
6．A．solutions B．topics C．articles D．techniques
7．A．randomly B．accidentally C．appropriately D．suddenly
8．A．pictures B．instructions C．patterns D．details
9．A．advocate B．protect C．adopt D．challenge
10．A．issued B．licensed C．needed D．involved
11．A．occasions B．efforts C．experiments D．manners
12．A．deep B．secret C．cold D．high
13．A．discuss B．practice C．realize D．pursue
14．A．position B．power C．direction D．approach
15．A．grateful B．anxious C．hopeful D．curious
【答案】
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．A 6．A 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在攻读博士学位时意识到了实验室严重的废物问题，开始尝试用废物进行3D打印，但遇到挑战。在同事的帮助下，他们探索了其他环保措施，如回收和节能。尽管3D打印项目未成功，作者学会了寻找替代方案，并对同事的参与表示感激。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一天，当我看到塑料垃圾堆积在墙边时，一切都改变了。A. mattered有关系；B. changed改变；C. happened发生；D. worked奏效。根据下文“I went to my adviser and decided to create 3D-printed lab 　　　　2　　　　 out of our waste.”可知，作者决定用实验产生的废物制作东西，因此是意识到废物问题的严重性了，情况发生了改变。故选B项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我去找我的导师，决定用我们的废物制作3D打印的实验室工具。A. tests测试；B. buildings建筑；C. machines机器；D. tools工具。根据下文“But the process of making these tools didn’t go smoothly.”可知，是用废物制作3D打印的实验室工具。故选D项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几个月的挣扎，我开始担心我的梦想。A. struggling挣扎；B. dreaming梦想；C. delaying延迟；D. preparing准备。根据上文“But the process of making these tools didn’t go smoothly.”可知，过程进展并不顺利，因此是经过几个月的挣扎。故选A项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我的同事们都渴望加入我们时，我松了一口气。A. lesson教训；B. relief解脱；C. signal信号；D. point点。根据后文“when my colleagues were eager to join us.”可知，同事们想加入作者的项目中，应是让作者松了一口气。故选B项。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我们成立了一个小组，致力于寻找其他更环保的方式。A. searching for寻找；B. settling for满足于；C. heading for前往；D. longing for渴望。根据下文“We introduced new recycling bins to each lab after learning that some waste could be recycled if it was sorted 　　　　7　　　　. And we also tracked the energy consumption of lab equipment.”可知，他们引入了新的回收箱，追踪了实验室设备的能耗，因此是致力于寻找其他更环保的方式。故选A项。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们开始每个月开会讨论一些解决方案。A. solutions解决方案；B. topics话题；C. articles文章；D. techniques技术。根据下文“sometimes it’s best to take a step back and look for other solutions.”可知，他们开会讨论一些解决方案。故选A项。
7．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在了解到一些垃圾如果分类得当可以回收后，我们为每个实验室引入了新的回收垃圾箱。A. randomly随机地；B. accidentally意外地；C. appropriately适当地；D. suddenly突然地。根据上文“some waste could be recycled”可推知，一些垃圾如果分类得当就可以回收。故选C项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这样做，我们可以创建如何使用每个设备的说明。A. pictures图片；B. instructions说明；C. patterns模式；D. details细节。根据上文“And we also tracked the energy consumption of lab equipment.”可知，他们追踪了实验室设备的能耗，再结合下文“on how to use each device”可推知，应该是根据能耗情况创建如何使用每个设备的说明，从而实现节能的目的。故选B项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我们开始挑战它，要求实验室去除不再需要的样本，并充分利用剩余的样本。A. advocate支持；B. protect保护；C. adopt采用；D. challenge挑战。根据上文“Our most energy-hungry devices were the ultra-low-temperature freezers, which caused much trouble.”可知，在实验室中，最耗能的设备是超低温冷冻机，它带来了很多麻烦，作者他们想解决这个问题，所以是一种挑战。故选D项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，我们开始挑战它，要求实验室去除不再需要的样本，并充分利用剩余的样本。A. issued发行；B. licensed许可；C. needed需要；D. involved涉及。根据上文“remove samples”可推知，在实验室中能取出的样本应该是不再需要了。故选C项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过这些努力，我们设法提高了几个冰柜的温度，因为我们意识到有些样品不需要保存那么冷。A. occasions场合；B. efforts努力；C. experiments实验；D. manners礼貌。根据前文“asking labs to remove samples that were not 　　　　10　　　　 anymore and make the most of the remaining ones.”可知，作者要求实验室去除不再需要的样本，并充分利用剩余的样本，所以是通过这些努力。故选B项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：通过这些努力，我们设法提高了几个冰柜的温度，因为我们意识到有些样品不需要保存那么冷。A. deep深的；B. secret秘密的；C. cold冷的；D. high高的。根据前文“we managed to increase the temperature of several freezers”可知，作者他们设法提高了几个冰柜的温度，因为他们意识到有些样品不需要保存那么冷。故选C项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我仍然对我不能实现我的3D打印梦想感到失望，我有足够的决心继续尝试。A. discuss讨论；B. practice实践；C. realize实现；D. pursue追求。根据前文“I’m still disappointed”可知，作者感到失望，因为没能实现3D打印梦想。故选C项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我还了解到，如果一种方法不起作用，有时最好是退一步，寻找其他解决方案。A. position位置；B. power力量；C. direction方向；D. approach方法。根据后文“sometimes it’s best to take a step back and look for other solutions”可知，此处是“一种方法不起作用，有时最好是退一步，寻找其他解决方案”之意。故选D项。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很感激在同事们的帮助下，我们能够做到这一点。A. grateful感激的；B. anxious焦虑的；C. hopeful有希望的；D. curious好奇的。根据后文“with my colleagues’ help”可知，对于同事的帮助，作者应是感激的。故选A项。
（24-25高三上·山东青岛·阶段练习）I’ve loved taking pictures since my parents gave me my first camera at age 10. When I was 14, my friend Sandi taught me how to be a 1 . Thirty years later, I 2 a problem. In 2005, the retina (视网膜) in my right eye detached (脱离). Even after a (n) 3 , my vision in that eye was 4 . Fortunately, with my “good” left eye, I could still take photos for fun. I retired in 2012, excited at last to dive into photography in a big way. I 5 magazines and wanted to have one of my photos published.
In 2014, Sandi passed away. Her death reminded me that life is 6 and made me even more motivated in my photography. However, a storm may 7 from a clear sky. The year before last, the retina in my left eye also detached and I had a (n) 8 surgery. I was terrified that I would end up nearly blind. 9 , when the eye blindfold came off, I could still see.
The six-month 10 finally came to an end. I picked up my camera again and captured the hidden 11 with sharper eyes. I even learned to 12 my photos with editing software. On Father’s Day, I 13 my dad a photo I created. He was 14 . Even better, the photo was 15 in a magazine! My dream has come true at last!
1．A．photographer B．designer C．surgeon D．director
2．A．tackled B．encountered C．discussed D．explained
3．A．consultation B．introduction C．surgery D．examination
4．A．unusual B．abnormal C．ideal D．clear
5．A．subscribed to B．cooperated with C．approached to D．handed in
6．A．potential B．perfect C．precious D．worthwhile
7．A．disappear B．arise C．spread D．result
8．A．emergency B．alternative C．correction D．plastic
9．A．Strangely B．Clearly C．Expectedly D．Luckily
10．A．operation B．recovery C．experiment D．exploration
11．A．secret B．value C．treasure D．beauty
12．A．polish B．advertise C．track D．upload
13．A．awarded B．brought C．presented D．recommended
14．A．shocked B．ashamed C．worried D．satisfied
15．A．recorded B．collected C．published D．evaluated
【答案】
1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．C 7．B 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．C
【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者在右眼视网膜脱落，左眼接受手术的情况下依然坚持自己的摄影梦想，最终成功在杂志上发表自己的照片的故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我14岁的时候，我的朋友桑迪教我如何成为一名摄影师。A. photographer摄影师；B. designer设计师；C. surgeon外科大夫；D. director导演。根据下文“I could still take photos for fun. I retired in 2012, excited at last to dive into photography in a big way.”可知，作者的爱好是摄影，在作者14岁时，朋友教作者如何成为一名摄影师。故选A项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：三十年后，我遇到了一个问题。A. tackled处理；B. encountered遇见；C. discussed讨论；D. explained解释。根据后文“In 2005, the retina (视网膜) in my right eye detached (脱离).”可知，作者遇到了一个问题。故选B项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：即使经过手术，我那只眼睛的视力还是不正常。A. consultation咨询；B. introduction介绍；C. surgery外科手术；D. examination检查。根据前文“In 2005, the retina (视网膜) in my right eye detached (脱离).”可知，作者右眼视网膜脱落，需要手术。故选C项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：即使经过手术，我那只眼睛的视力还是不正常。A. unusual不寻常的；B. abnormal不正常的；C. ideal理想的；D. clear清楚的。根据后文“Fortunately, with my “good” left eye, I could still take photos for fun.”可知，作者能0使用左眼，因此，右眼在手术后视力还是不正常。故选B项。
5．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我订阅了一些杂志，想要出版我的一张照片。A. subscribed to同意，订阅；B. cooperated with与……合作；C. approached to接近；D. handed in上交。根据前文“I retired in 2012, excited at last to dive into photography in a big way.”及“wanted to have one of my photos published”可知，作者在退休后大张旗鼓地投身摄影事业，因此，订阅了一些杂志，并且想要在杂志上发表自己的摄影作品。故选A项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的死让我意识到生命是宝贵的，也让我更有动力去摄影。A. potential有潜力的；B. perfect完美的；C. precious珍贵的；D. worthwhile值得的。根据“made me even more motivated in my photography”及前文提到Sandi的死亡可知，作者认识到生命宝贵。故选C项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，暴风雨可能会从晴朗的天空中出现。A. disappear消失；B. arise出现，产生；C. spread展开；D. result致使。根据后文“The year before last, the retina in my left eye also detached”可知，作者左眼视网膜也脱落了，因此，此句为一种比喻，暴风雨可能会从晴朗的天空中出现，比如生活中会有困难出现。故选B项。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：前年，我左眼的视网膜也脱落了，我做了紧急手术。A. emergency紧急情况；B. alternative可供选择的事物；C. correction更正；D. plastic塑料。根据前文“the retina in my left eye also detached”可知，左眼视网膜也脱落，作者接受了紧急手术。故选A项。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，当眼罩取下时，我还能看见。A. Strangely奇怪地；B. Clearly清楚地；C. Expectedly预期地；D. Luckily幸运地。根据后文“I could still see.”可知，作者还可以看见，这是幸运的。故选D项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：6个月的恢复终于结束。A. operation操作，手术；B. recovery恢复；C. experiment实验；D. exploration探索。根据上文“and I had a (n) ____8____ surgery.”可知，作者再一次经历了手术，手术之后需要时间恢复。故选B项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我再次拿起相机，用更敏锐的目光捕捉到隐藏的美。A. secret秘密；B. value价值；C. treasure宝藏；D. beauty美丽。根据“I picked up my camera again and captured the hidden”可知，作者再次拿起了相机来捕捉隐藏的美，摄影师的职业就是通过照片来捕捉美丽。故选D项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我甚至学会了用编辑软件润色我的照片。A. polish擦亮，润色；B. advertise做广告；C. track追踪；D. upload上传。根据“with editing software”可知，作者还学会了用编辑软件来润色照片。故选A项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲节那天，我赠送（展示）给爸爸了一张我创作的照片。A. awarded授予；B. brought带来；C. presented赠送，展示；D. recommended建议，推荐。根据“my dad a photo I created”可知，作者给父亲赠送（展示）了自己的照片。故选C项。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他很满意。A. shocked震惊的；B. ashamed羞愧的；C. worried担心的；D. satisfied满意的。根据“Even better, the photo was ____15____ in a magazine!”可知，作者的照片上了杂志，说明很不错，父亲应该是满意的。故选D项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：更棒的是，这张照片被刊登在了杂志上！A. recorded录制；B. collected收集；C. published发表；D. evaluated评估。根据“I ____5____ magazines and wanted to have one of my photos published.”可知，作者的梦想是在杂志上发表照片，他最后成功了。故选C项。
（24-25高三上·湖南·阶段练习）Not long into my career in journalism,I realized I was in need of some slow, 1 adventure.The kind of fun that required little planning,zero stress and a lot of time. The kind of time you often didn't get in a 2 .
And that's when I 3 a secret.Washington,D．C．,the city where I live,is full of hidden fossils.In my overstimulated life,I began to 4 fossils.Many of the local sites are within 80 miles south of the capital along the Potomac River,so fossil hunting 5 removes me from the city.It is a visual game,requiring 6 and focus. Spotting recognizable shapes in the wild is like thinking over a broken 7 in the sediment(沉积物).Is it a tooth,a bone or a shell I'm looking for the 8 end pieces.Thankfully,my 9 phone service in these places holds back the rest of the world while I'm finding another one.And I know the fossils aren't demanding my 10 attention because they have nothing but time.
Once,I took a bottle-cap-sized trilobite(三叶虫)fossil into the newsroom and placed it within my sight.It was something I wanted to 11 throughout the day. Turning over that piece of rock is a way to 12 me outside for a moment and to a time before humans arrived and 13 cities on top of those lands.
Thinking about geological time makes me feel brief and remarkable,like the little trilobite.My worried mind 14 .I realize a lot of stressful details don't matter.My 15 shifts.Maybe I don't need to take that phone call right this minute.
1．A．dangerous B．low-risk C．historical D．romantic
2．A．house B．car C．newsroom D．school
3．A．revealed B．hid C．guarded D．discovered
4．A．seek B．search C．purchase D．modify
5．A．gradually B．physically C．eventually D．typically
6．A．patience B．strength C．training D．courage
7．A．dream B．image C．resource D．puzzle
8．A．obvious B．expensive C．rare D．impressive
9．A．precious B．conventional C．poor D．clear
10．A．scholarly B．public C．extra D．immediate
11．A．avoid B．notice C．introduce D．display
12．A．touch B．hold C．seize D．transport
13．A．built B．explored C．conquered D．found
14．A．takes off B．settles down C．goes blank D．runs out
15．A．standpoint B．question C．standard D．task
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．C 10．D 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．A
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述作者寻找化石时发生的事情以及作者的心理变化。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我的新闻职业生涯开始不久，我意识到我需要一些缓慢、低风险的冒险。A. dangerous危险的；B. low-risk低风险的；C. historical历史的；D. romantic浪漫的。根据上文中的“ slow”，可知，探寻化石之旅重要的是让作者的内心得到平静，所以需要低风险的冒险。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：那种你经常不在新闻编辑室里得到的时间。A. house房屋；B. car汽车；C. newsroom新闻编辑室；D. school学校。根据上文的journalism以及第三段第一句“Once,I took a bottle-cap-sized trilobite(三叶虫)fossil into the newsroom and placed it within my sight.”中的newsroom可知，此处指的是新闻编辑室。故选C。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这时我发现了一个秘密。A. revealed显示；B. hid隐藏；C. guarded守卫；D. discovered发现。根据下句“Washington,D.C.,the city where I live,is full of hidden fossils.”可知，作者“发现”了华盛顿到处都隐藏了化石这个秘密。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我被过度刺激的生活中，我开始寻找化石。A. seek寻找；B. search搜索；C. purchase购买；D. modify修改。根据下文的“fossil hunting”、“looking for”可知，作者开始了“寻找”化石之旅。故选A。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：许多当地的遗址都在首都波多马克河以南80英里以内，所以寻找化石逐渐使我离开了这座城市。A. gradually逐渐地；B. physically身体地；C. eventually最终；D. typically典型地。根据上文“Many of the local sites are within 80 miles south of the capital along the Potomac River,so fossil hunting　　5　　 removes me from the city.”可知化石遗址离城市较远，所以需要作者离开城市去寻找。physically表示身上地，表示作者亲自去寻找那些化石。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是一款视觉游戏，需要耐心和专注。A. patience耐心；B. strength力量；C. training训练；D. courage勇气。根据下文的“like thinking over...”可知，在寻找化石的过程需要反复思考，需要“耐心”和专注。故选A。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在野外发现可识别的形状就像在沉积物中思考一个破碎的拼图。A. dream梦想；B. image图像；C. resource资源；D. puzzle拼图，智力游戏。本句是个比喻句，把在野外发现可识别的化石形状比喻成像是……,只有puzzle“拼图”符合语境，意为“拼图”,……像是对着在泥沙中的残缺拼图冥思苦想一样。故选D。
8．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我在寻找稀有的最后一块。A. obvious显然的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. rare罕见的；D. impressive令人印象深刻的。根据上文“Spotting recognizable shapes in the wild is like thinking over a broken 　　7　　 in the sediment(沉积物)”可推知寻找化石的过程比较费力、耗时，由此推知，这些化石比较“稀有”。故选C。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：值得庆幸的是，当我正在寻找另一个化石时，我在这些地方糟糕的电话服务阻碍了我与世界其他地方的联系。A. precious珍贵的；B. conventional传统的，惯例的；C. poor差的；D. clear清楚的。根据下文的“holds back the rest of the world”可知，手机的信号“不好”。故选C。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这些化石不需要我立即关注，因为它们有的是时间。A. scholarly学术性的，学者的；B. public 公共的；C. extra额外的；D. immediate立刻的。根据下文的“they have nothing but time”可知，化石有的是时间等待作者来找到它们，所以它们不需要作者“立即的”关注。故选D。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我一整天都想注意到的事情。A. avoid避免；B. notice 注意；C. introduce介绍，引进；D. display展示。根据上文的“and placed it within my sight”可知，这块化石是作者整天想“关注”的事物。故选B。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：翻看那块石头让我思绪飞扬，回到人类到达并在这些土地上建造城市之前的时代。A. touch触碰；B. hold拿着；C. seize抓住；D. transport运输。根据空后“me outside for a moment and to a time before humans arrived and　　13　　 cities on top of those lands. ”可知，翻看那块化石让作者回到人类到达并在这些土地上建造城市之前的时代，因此让他的思绪飞扬。故选D。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：翻看那块石头是一种把我带到外面片刻的方式，回到人类到达并在这些土地上建造城市之前的时代。A. built建造；B. explored探索；C. conquered占领；D. found发现。根据原文“to a time before humans arrived and　　13　　 cities on top of those lands.”可知，翻看化石能让作者回到人类到达并在那些土地上建造城市之前的时光。故选A。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：我那忧虑的头脑安定下来了。A. takes off脱下，起飞；B. settles down平静下来；C. goes blank变得空白；D. runs out用完。根据下文“I realize a lot of stressful details don't matter.”可知，作者意识到很多令人倍感压力的细节并不重要，他担忧的心“平静了下来”。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的观点发生了变化。也许我现在不需要接那个电话了。A. standpoint立场，观点；B. question问题；C. standard标准；D. task任务。根据“I realize a lot of stressful details don’t matter.”及“Maybe I don’t need to take that phone call right this minute.”可知，此刻作者的“观点”发生了变化。故选A。
（24-25高三上·福建福州·阶段练习）One day, my children and I found a homeless, small cat trapped in a burning box. She was 1 injured, with most hairs burned. We rescued her and named her Smoky. Back at our ranch (牧场) we 2 her.
Weeks later, Smoky looked better, but was completely 3 due to medicine on her skin. She looked so ugly but we adored her. My husband, Bill, didn’t. Smoky 4 him, too. Why He was a pipe smoker 5 matches and lighters that 6 and burned. Every time he lit up the pipe, Smoky panicked, 7 his coffee cup before fleeing.
“Can’t I have any 8 here ” he’d complain, instead of quitting smoking though it harmed his health. 9 , Smoky became more 10 of the pipe and its owner. She’d lie on the sofa and look at Bill as he smoked. One day he laughed, “Oh, the cat makes me feel 11 .” Slowly, Bill 12 smoked in the house, and one night, surprisingly, I found Smoky lying on his lap. Bill started liking her.
During Smoky’s second year, she began growing fur. Tiny white hairs gradually grew long. Bill continued to enjoy her 13 , driving around with Smoky. When he got out of the truck to check the 14 on the ranch, he left the cat 15 , letting her enjoy the air conditioning. With the power of love and patience, Smoky was no longer the frightened, injured cat we found but a symbol of hope and resilience.
1．A．accidentally B．likely C．severely D．lightly
2．A．treated B．trained C．caged D．entertained
3．A．homeless B．hairless C．cured D．deserted
4．A．resisted B．attacked C．disliked D．annoyed
5．A．particular about B．independent of C．full of D．armed with
6．A．flashed B．sounded C．smoked D．slipped
7．A．turning over B．knocking over C．taking away D．picking up
8．A．coffee B．peace C．trouble D．right
9．A．In time B．So far C．On occasion D．Sooner or later
10．A．tired B．aware C．tolerant D．careful
11．A．sick B．guilty C．cheerful D．content
12．A．rarely B．occasionally C．casually D．continuously
13．A．beauty B．gentleness C．warmth D．company
14．A．cattle B．engine C．road D．weather
15．A．behind B．aside C．inside D．out
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．D 6．A 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．C 11．B 12．A 13．D 14．A 15．C
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者和孩子救了一只被烧伤的猫，猫一开始因为丈夫抽烟而害怕，到后来丈夫为了猫很少抽烟，猫也和丈夫亲近起来。
1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：她受了重伤，大部分毛发都烧没了。A. accidentally意外地； B. likely可能地；C. severely严重地；D. lightly稍微。根据后文“injured, with most hairs burned”可知，猫烧伤严重。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：回到我们的牧场，我们治疗了她。A. treated治疗；B. trained训练；C. caged关入笼子；D. entertained娱乐。根据后文“due to medicine on her skin”可知，他们对猫进行了治疗。故选A。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几周后，Smoky看起来好多了，但由于皮肤上的药物，她的头发完全掉光了。A. homeless无家可归的；B. hairless没有毛发的；C. cured被治愈的； D. deserted 被抛弃的。根据后文“During Smoky’s second year, she began growing fur.(在Smoky的第二年，她开始长毛)”可知，它一开始因为治疗毛发都掉光了。故选B。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Smoky也不喜欢他。A. resisted抵抗；B. attacked攻击；C. disliked不喜欢；D. annoyed 惹恼。根据上文“She looked so ugly but we adored her. My husband, Bill, didn’t.(她长得很丑，但我们都很喜欢她。我的丈夫比尔不是)”以及后文 too，可知猫也不喜欢丈夫。故选C。
5．考查固定短语辨析。句意：他是一位烟斗吸烟者，手里拿着打火机和火柴，它们闪着光亮并燃烧着。A. particular about挑剔；B. independent of不依赖；C. full of 充满；D. armed with装备。根据后文“matches and lighters”可知，此处指丈夫因为抽烟所以配备着火柴和打火机。故选D。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是一位烟斗吸烟者，手里拿着打火机和火柴，它们闪着光亮并燃烧着。A. flashed闪光；B. sounded听起来；C. smoked冒烟；D. slipped滑动。根据上文“matches and lighters that”可知，火柴和打火机会发出光亮。故选A。
7．考查动词短语辨析。句意：每次他点燃烟斗， Smoky就惊慌失措，在逃跑之前把他的咖啡杯打翻。A. turning over翻转；B. knocking over撞倒；C. taking away拿走；D. picking up 捡起。根据后文“his coffee cup before fleeing”可知，猫受到惊吓，打翻了咖啡杯。故选B。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“我就不能有片刻安宁吗？”他会抱怨猫，而不是戒烟，尽管吸烟会损害他的健康。A. coffee咖啡；B. peace安宁；C. trouble麻烦；D. right权利。根据上文“Smoky panicked, 　　7　　　 his coffee cup before fleeing”提到猫受到惊吓，打翻了咖啡杯，所以丈夫说不得安宁。故选B。
9．考查固定短语辨析，句意：随着时间的推移，Smoky对烟斗和它的主人变得更加宽容了。 A. In time经过一段时间之后，最终；B. So far到目前为止；C. On occasion偶尔；D. Sooner or later迟早。根据后文“She’d lie on the sofa and look at Bill as he smoked.”提到猫躺在沙发上看着比尔抽烟，所以是经过一段时间之后，Smoky对烟斗及其主人的态度逐渐变得更加容忍。故选A。
10．考查形容词词义辨析，句意：随着时间的推移，Smoky对烟斗和它的主人变得更加宽容了。A. tired疲惫的；B. aware意识到的；C. tolerant宽容的，容忍的；D. careful仔细的。根据后文“She’d lie on the sofa and look at Bill as he smoked.”可知，猫的态度逐渐变得更加容忍。故选C。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一天，他笑着说：“哦，这只猫让我感到内疚。”A. sick生病的；B. guilty内疚的；C. cheerful高兴的；D. content满意的。根据后文“Slowly, Bill ____12____ smoked in the house, and one night, surprisingly, I found Smoky lying on his lap.”提到比尔很少在家抽烟，猫和他变得亲近，说明他感到内疚，所以很少在家里抽烟。故选B。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：慢慢地，比尔很少在家里抽烟了，一天晚上，我惊讶地发现Smoky躺在他的腿上。A. rarely很少；B. occasionally偶尔；C. casually随意；D. continuously持续地。根据后文“smoked in the house, and one night, surprisingly, I found Smoky lying on his lap”可知，比尔很少在家里抽烟了，猫也跟他亲近起来。故选A。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：比尔继续享受她的陪伴，和Smoky一起开车兜风。A. beauty美丽；B. gentleness温柔；C. warmth温暖；D. company陪伴。根据后文“driving around with Smoky”可知，丈夫享受猫的陪伴。故选D。
14．考查名词词义辨析，句意：当他下车去牧场检查牛群时，他把猫留在了车里，让它享受空调。A. cattle牛；B. engine引擎；C. road道路；D. weather天气。根据后文“on the ranch”可知，去牧场是为了检查牛群。故选A。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：当他下车去牧场检查牛群时，他把猫留在了车里，让它享受空调。A. behind在后面；B. aside在旁边；C. inside在里面；D. out出去。根据后文“letting her enjoy the air conditioning”可知，此处指把猫留在车里，享受空调。故选 C。
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