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消灭易错 定语从句
题组A 高考真题练
2024年高考真题
1.（2024·新高考I卷·语法填空）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
【答案】which/that
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：Mark Woodruff补充说：“这是当代设计的最高成就，在丝绸之路的尽头，中国亚热带西南部的植物群从温带的欧洲穿过山脉、干旱的土地和高山牧场，这些植物从亚洲的原生栖息地带到英国，定义了英国园艺的丰富和荣耀。”空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词design，先行词指物，关系词在定语从句中作主语，用关系代词which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
2.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：为了纪念被誉为“亚洲莎士比亚”的汤显祖，中国文化元素为莎士比亚的故乡——埃文河畔的斯特拉特福增添了国际化的色彩。这里为定语从句的关系词，先行词为“Tang Xianzu”，在非限制性定语从句中担当主语，表示人，用关系代词who引导。故填who。
3.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money.
【答案】that/which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：当然，商店不是慈善机构——他们以最赚钱的方式给商品定价。在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为way，所以应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
2023年高考真题
1.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 63 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
答案：as。
解析：考查定语从句。句意：然而，正如雷切尔·卡森在《明日寓言》中所说，寓言的形式在今天仍然具有价值。引导非限定性定语从句，且有“正如”之意，用关系代词as引导。故填as。
2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
答案：where。
解析：考查定语从句。句意：“从前，在美国的中心地带有一个小镇，那里所有的生命似乎都和周围的环境一起享受着和平的生活，”她的寓言是这样开头的，借用了许多古老寓言中的一些熟悉的词。句中先行词为town，在非限定性定语从句作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。故填where。
3.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
答案：which/that
解析：考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。
2021-2022年高考真题
1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
答案：that
解析：考查定语从句关系词。句意：该计划旨在为生活在Giant Panda Range的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并显著改善该地区的生态系统健康。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。故填that。
2.（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
答案：who
解析：考查定语从句。句意：在1100公里的旅程中，8岁时因一次车祸失明的男子曹盛康穿过了三个省的40个城市和县。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
3.（2021全国II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
答案：that/which
解析：考查定语从句。句意：我决定，如果我知道有哪家公司大量使用塑料，我就给它发邮件，敦促它减少使用塑料。分析句子结构， ________ used a lot of plastic是一个定语从句，修饰先行词a company，关系词在从句中作主语，指物，用which或that引导该从句，所以填which或that。
题组B 易错题强化练
1．Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist work is internationally renowned.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：句意: 尽管屠呦呦对名声不感兴趣，她已成为一位工作享誉国际的科学家。空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词scientist，关系词在从句中作定语，scientist和work是所属关系，用关系代词whose引导从句。故填whose。
2．Xi’ an is the former capital of many dynasties, accounts for its historical significance.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：西安是许多朝代的前都城，这解释了它的历史意义。“ accounts for its historical significance”是非限制性定语从句，修饰前面整个句子，句中所述“西安是许多朝代的前都城”这一情况在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导从句。故填which。
3．I am grateful to my teacher, encouragement and support helped me discover my potential.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我感谢我的老师，他的鼓励和支持帮助我发现了自己的潜能。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是my teacher，关系代词在从句中作定语修饰名词encouragement and support，因此应使用关系代词whose。故填whose。
4．I’d like to introduce Professor Zhang, will offer us knowledge on traditional Chinese culture in the coming lectures.
【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我想向大家介绍张教授，他将在接下来的讲座中为我们提供有关中国传统文化的知识。分析句子可知，这里考查非限制性定语从句，先行词Professor Zhang，指人，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who。故填who。
5．Leo Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life — his uncle, was well-known actor.
【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：里奥·尼尔森的童年很艰难，但他的生活中有一颗特别闪亮的明星——他的叔叔，一位著名的演员。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词uncle，在从句作主语，指人，故填who。
6．My brother, you have met before, is now a professor.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你以前见过的我的哥哥现在是一名教授。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词My brother在从句中作宾语，指人，用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
7．Many people, some of are not overweight, are going on a diet.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：许多人，其中一些并不超重，正在节食。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“Many people”，在从句中作介词“of”的宾语，故应用关系代词whom。故填whom。
8．My favorite comedian is Charlie Chaplin, unique way of performing and classic works have brought joy and happiness to the whole world.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我最喜欢的喜剧演员是查理·卓别林，他独特的表演方式和经典作品给全世界带来了欢乐和幸福。此处缺少非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是Charlie Chaplin，定语从句缺少定语修饰名词way，Charlie Chaplin和way之间是所属关系，应使用关系代词whose。故填whose。
9．The book, cover is designed by a famous artist, has attracted the attention of many readers.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这本书的封面是由一位著名艺术家设计的，它吸引了许多读者的注意。此处引导非限定性定语从句，先行词是The book，指物，关系词替代先行词在从句中cover的定语，应用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。
10．Tom was always speaking highly of his role in the play, of course, made the others unhappy.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：Tom总是对他在剧中扮演的角色评价很高，这当然使得其他人不高兴。空处引导非限定性定语从句，关系词指代前面整个句子，在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。
11．As for me, I usually help to do some housework, can not only strengthen my family bond, but also relieve the burdens of my parents.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：至于我，我通常帮助做一些家务，这不仅可以加强我的家庭纽带，也减轻了我父母的负担。空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代整个主句，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词which。故填which。
12．We will always remember the moment, my classmate Li Chong crossed the finishing line.
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们将永远记住我的同学李冲冲过终点线的那一刻。空格处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词the moment进行限定说明，先行词在从句中作时间状语，应该用关系副词when引导从句。故填when。
13．Stand-up comedy is a live performance, the performer tells jokes and shares humorous stories to entertain the audience.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：单口喜剧是一种现场表演，表演者通过讲笑话和分享幽默故事来娱乐观众。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词performance是抽象地点，因此空格处用关系副词where，故填where。
14．We moved on to the north tip of the area, it was blowing hard and snowing.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们继续前进到该地区的北端，那里风很大并且在下雪。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the north tip of the area，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填：where。
15．More nature-centred tourist attractions, man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：更多以自然为中心的旅游景点，在那里人和自然和谐共处，可能会受到大量游客的严重影响甚至破坏。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词tourist attractions，关系词代替先行词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
16．More nature-centred tourist attractions, man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：更多以自然为中心、人与自然和谐相处的旅游景点将受到严重影响。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，先行词tourist attractions意为“旅游景点”表示地点，所以此处使用关系副词where。故填where。
17．The old library, scholars spend hours studying ancient texts, holds a wealth of historical knowledge.
【答案】where/in which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：学者们在这座古老的图书馆里花费数小时研究古代文献，那里蕴藏着丰富的历史知识。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词library是地方，因此可用where或in which引导定语从句，故填in which。
18．He hid himself behind the door, from he saw the man take something on the desk.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他躲在门后，从那里他看到那个人拿了桌上的东西。在非限制性定语从句中指代地点状语“behind the door”，应用关系副词where。故填where。
19．The most rewarding day for our group was project day, all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together.
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对我们小组来说，最有收获的一天是项目日，在这一天，我们为收集物品而付出的所有努力终于整合到一起。根据句子结构可知，空处在此引导非限制性定语从句，先行词project day指时间，从句结构完整，应用关系副词when引导定语从句，作时间状语。故填when。
20．The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, Watt perfected "the machine that changed the world".
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：故事始于18 世纪最后几年的苏格兰，在那里瓦特完善了“那台改变了世界的机器”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为 Scotland，空处在从句中作地点状语，故用关系副词where。
21．In learning English , he had two things about he was not sure.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在学习英语时，他有两件事情不确定。此处为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，饰先行词two things，指的是物，在从句中作宾语，所以此处只能用which引导从句。故填which。
22．That grand bridge, which the latest construction method has been applied, is now welcoming praises from citizens.
【答案】to
【详解】考查介词。句意：那座大桥采用了最新的施工方法，现在受到市民们的好评。此处为介词+关系代词结构非限制性定语从句，结合短语apply to表示“应用于”。故填to。
23．That’s the house in he was born 30 years ago.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：那是他30年前出生的房子。此处是“介词+关系词”引导的定语从句，先行词是house，关系词在从句中作介词的宾语，应用关系代词which，故填which。
24．Self-driving is an area in China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
【答案】which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：自动驾驶是一个中国和世界其他国家都在同一起跑线的领域。本句包含一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，先行词为an area，指物，故空处应填which。故填which。
25．Mr Alexander is the professor for I have the greatest respect.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：亚历山大先生是我最尊敬的教授。for ________ I have the greatest respect是“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰指人的先行词professor，故空处应填关系代词whom。故填whom。
26．As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for you feel affection (喜爱), customers can also drive you mad.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：作为一名女商人，我非常关心我的客户。但就像你喜欢的任何人一样，顾客也会让你发疯。for ________ you feel affection为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句，修饰anyone (指人)，故空处填whom。故填填whom。
27．Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in they are dining.
【答案】which
【详解】
考查定语从句。句意：餐厅可以提供各种音乐，菜单上的食物也有很多，使消费者可以更好地掌控他们就餐的氛围。分析句子结构可知，“in ________ they are dining”是定语从句，先行词为the atmosphere，指物，定语从句中缺少介词in的宾语，故应用which引导，故填which。
28．The organization aims to help those suffer from great losses in the pandemic(疫情).
【答案】who
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：该组织旨在帮助那些在疫情中遭受重大损失的人。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词those，且在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导该从句。故填who。
29．This city, history can date back to 2000 years ago, has become a modern city where you can experience both the new and the old.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座城市，其历史可以追溯到2000年前，如今已经变成了一座既能体验新事物又能感受古老气息的现代化城市。分析句子可知，此处为关系代词whose引导的定语从句，先行词this city在从句中作history的定语成分。故填whose。
30．The palace is named after its designer is widely recognized for his innovative ideas about architecture.
【答案】who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座宫殿以其设计者命名，该设计者因其在建筑方面的创新理念而广为人知。空格处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词its designer，指人，且在从句中作主语，用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
31．In terms of environmental impact, grapes are produced in heated houses release more carbon dioxide.
【答案】which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：就环境影响而言，在温室中生产的葡萄会释放更多的二氧化碳。分析句子可知，这里考查定语从句，先行词grapes，为物，在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词which或者that。故填which/that。
32．The man won the competition is a college student from Peking University.
【答案】who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：赢得比赛的人是北京大学的一名大学生。空处引导定语从句修饰先行词man，在从句作主语，指人，故填who/that。
33．A school festival is an exciting event brings together students, teachers and the wider community.
【答案】which/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：学校节日是一项激动人心的活动，它将学生、教师和更广泛的社区联系起来。此处为定语从句修饰先行词 an exciting event，先行词在从句中作主语，且先行词指物，可用which或that引导从句。故填which/that。
34．The city ancient architecture attracts millions of tourists is known for its rich history and culture.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这座城市以其丰富的历史和文化而闻名，其古建筑吸引了数百万游客。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词city，先行词指物，在从句中作定语，和architecture之间是所属关系，应用关系代词whose作引导词。故填whose。
35．Einstein often encountered people on the street would stop him and ask him to help explain things.
【答案】who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：爱因斯坦经常在街上遇到一些人，他们会拦住他，请他帮忙解释一些事情。空处引导定语从句，先行词people，在从句作主语，指人，应用关系代词who/that引导。故填who/that。
36．In China, teahouse is a place people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国，茶馆是人们聚在一起喝茶、聊天和社交的地方。空处引导定语从句，先行词是place，在定语从句中作地点状语，使用关系副词where引导。故填where。
37．The two pupils you taught three years ago have become teachers.
【答案】who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你三年前教过的那两个学生已经当老师了。空处引导限制性定语从句修饰先行词pupils，作从句的宾语，表示人，可以用关系代词who/that。故填who/that。
38．He talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in the school.
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他谈了很多他们在学校里记得的事情和人。空处引导定语从句，先行词是things and persons，既有人又有物，在这种情况下，只能用关系代词that来引导定语从句。故填that。
39．You must have had some moments you were disappointed. If so, how did you deal with them
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你一定有过失望的时候。如果有，你是如何处理的？定语从句修饰先行词moments，在从句作时间状语，故用when。故填when。
40．He made a hole in the wall which he could get into the house.
【答案】through
【详解】考查介词。句意：这个聪明的男孩在墙上挖了一个洞，通过这个洞他可以看到房子里发生的事情。“通过”译为through，空处是“介词+关系代词”引导的限制性定语从句，先行词是hole，指物，关系词which在从句中作介词through的宾语。故填through。
41．The reason she didn’t attend the meeting is that she was ill.
【答案】why
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她没有参加会议的原因是她病了。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The reason，先行词表示原因，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导从句。故填why。
42．The things and persons influenced people most often shaped their values.
【答案】that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：对人们影响最大的人和事往往塑造了他们的价值观。空处引导定语从句，先行词是The things and persons，在从句中作主语，当先行词即有人又有物时，只能用that引导。故填that。
43．I don’t think the number of the people to this happens is very large.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我不认为这种情况发生在很多人身上。空处引导定语从句，先行词the number of the people，指人，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
44．The students always actively participate in after-school activities on campus often develop better social skills and team work abilities.
【答案】who/that
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：经常积极参加校园课外活动的学生往往能培养出更好的社交技巧和团队合作能力。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词students，指人，在从句中作主语，用who或that。故填who/that。
45．It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：把孩子们放在一个可以让他们从不同的角度审视自己的环境中，对他们是很有帮助的。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是situation，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where引导。故填where。
46．He was put in prison, he suffered a lot of pain physically and mentally.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他被关进了监狱，在那里他遭受了身体和精神上的许多痛苦。prison为先行词，逗号后为非限制性定语从句，先行词作从句的地点状语，用关系副词where引导。故填where。
47．Recent accidents, fifty people lost their lives, are mainly due to the heavy fog.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：最近的事故中有50人丧生，主要是由于大雾造成的。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词accidents作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填where。
48．The Spring Festival is an occasion Chinese people are reunited with family members.
【答案】when
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：春节是中国人民与家人团聚的时刻。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词an occasion，且在从句中作时间状语，所以应用关系副词when引导。故填when。
49．The house the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.
【答案】that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：资本家过去住的房子现在是一个托儿所。空处需要填入关系代词引导定语从句修饰名词the house，在从句中作介词in的宾语，因此用that或者which。故填that/which。
50．I also found many live stream websites users can watch live performances of DJ and singers and some can even buy virtual gifts for the performers.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我还发现了很多直播网站，用户可以观看DJ和歌手的现场表演，有些甚至可以为表演者购买虚拟礼物。设空处引导定语从句，先行词是websites，表示地点，因此用关系副词where来引导，表示“在这些网站上”。故填where。
51．Do you know the reason she has changed her mind
【答案】why
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你知道她改变主意的原因吗？空格处引导的是限制性定语从句，从句中不缺主语或宾语，先行词reason是原因，因此空格处用关系副词why，故填why。
52．The reason he was late for school is that he missed the bus.
【答案】why
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他上学迟到的原因是他没赶上公共汽车。空处引导定语从句，先行词the reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，需用关系副词why引导。故填why。
53．You must show my wife the same respect you show me.
【答案】as
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你必须给予我的妻子和给予我一样的尊重。此处引导限定性定语从句，先行词是respect，指物，且有the same修饰，应用关系代词as引导，在从句中作show的宾语。故填as。
54．The book was written in 1946, which the education system has witnessed great changes.
【答案】since
【详解】考查介词。句意：这本书写于1946年，自那以后，教育体系发生了巨大的变化。这里考查介词+关系代词构成的非限制性定语从句，先行词为1946，由句意可知，这里表示since 1946，所以这里应用介词since。故填since。
55．The swimmer you are asking about is over there.
【答案】whom
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：你问的那个游泳运动员在那边。“________you are asking about”为定语从句，先行词the swimmer，指人，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词whom引导。故填whom。
56．We work harder to make further progress in the field of science we are curious about.
【答案】that/ which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们努力工作，在我们感兴趣的科学领域取得更大的进步。空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词“the field of science”，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词that或which。故填that/which。
57．The park where we often go for a walk is a nice place there are many flowers and trees.
【答案】where
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我们经常去散步的公园是一个有许多花草树木的好地方。空处引导定语从句，先行词a nice place，在定语从句中作地点状语，需用关系副词where引导。故填where。
58．Don’t set goals go beyond our abilities and skills.
【答案】that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：不要设定超出我们能力和技能的目标。此处为关系词引导的限定性定语从句，修饰先行词goals，从句中缺少主语，所以此处使用关系代词，先行词指的是事物，所以使用关系代词that或者which。故填that或which。
59．This is the museum we visited last week, where there are many valuable paintings and sculptures.
【答案】that/which
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我们上周参观的博物馆，那里有许多珍贵的绘画和雕塑。空处引导定语从句，先行词the museum，指物，在定语从句中作宾语，需用关系代词that/which引导。故填that/which。
60．He is the man from house the picture was stolen.
【答案】whose
【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他就是那个家里的画被偷的人。本空引导限制性定语从句，先行词是the man，关系词代替先行词在从句中作定语，修饰house，应用“介词from+关系代词whose”引导。故填whose。
题组C 各地市真题模拟练
（24-25高三上·西藏林芝·一模）阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have recreated a 1985 study of birds in Peru that 1 (show) climate change is pushing them from their 2 (nature) environment. Thirty years ago, researchers studied more than 400 kinds of birds 3 (live) on a mountainside in Peru. In 2020, researchers looked again at the bird populations. They found that almost all had moved to higher places in the mountain and had decreased in size. Much 4 (bad), the scientists said at least eight bird groups, 5 stayed at the higher summits, had died out completely.
The researchers say the birds might have moved up the mountain because of temperature changes. Or, they say, changes to food sources may have forced 6 (they) to go higher. Last month, the findings 7 (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Past research has documented birds and other animals moving up in the summit in reaction 8 warming temperatures. Mark Urban is director of the Center of Biological Risk at the University of Connecticut. He said this recent study was 9 first to prove that rising temperatures and moving 10 (avoid) them can lead to extinction.
【答案】1．shows 2．natural 3．living 4．worse 5．which 6．them 7．were published 8．to 9．the 10．to avoid
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了科学家们重现1985年对秘鲁鸟类的一项研究，该研究表明气候变化正在迫使它们离开自然环境。
1．考查主谓一致和时态。句意：科学家们重现了1985年对秘鲁鸟类的一项研究，该研究表明气候变化正在迫使它们离开自然环境。陈述事实用一般现在时，定语从句引导词that指代先行词study，在从句作主语，谓语用三单形式。故填shows。
2．考查形容词。句意：科学家们重现了1985年对秘鲁鸟类的一项研究，该研究表明气候变化正在迫使它们离开自然环境。修饰名词environment应用形容词natural，作定语。故填natural。
3．考查非谓语动词。句意：30年前，研究人员研究了生活在秘鲁山腰上的400多种鸟类。此处live与birds构成主动关系，故用现在分词作定语。故填living。
4．考查比较级。句意：更糟糕的是，科学家们说，至少有8种在较高的山峰上的鸟类完全灭绝了。根据上文much以及句意“更糟糕的”可知应用比较级，构成much worse表示“更糟糕的是”。故填worse。
5．考查定语从句。句意：更糟糕的是，科学家们说，至少有8种在较高的山峰上的鸟类完全灭绝了。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词eight bird groups，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。
6．考查代词。句意：或者，他们说，食物来源的变化可能迫使它们走得更高。作动词的宾语应用宾格them。故填them。
7．考查时态语态。句意：上个月，研究结果发表在《美国国家科学院院刊》上。主语findings与谓语构成被动关系，根据上文Last month可知为一般过去时的被动语态。主谓一致，故填were published。
8．考查介词。句意：过去的研究记录了鸟类和其他动物在气候变暖的情况下向山顶移动。短语in reaction to表示“对……的反应，应对”。故填to。
9．考查冠词。句意：他说，最近的这项研究首次证明了气温上升和为避免气温上升而采取迁徙会导致物种灭绝。序数词first前应用定冠词the限定。故填the。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：他说，最近的这项研究首次证明了气温上升和为避免气温上升而采取迁徙会导致物种灭绝。此处avoid在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填to avoid。
（24-25高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese tennis star Zheng Qinwen made it to the Olympic women’s singles semifinals on Wednesday in Paris, marking a significant achievement after a 16-year wait for China. The 21-year-old established her breathtaking career milestone 1 beating Croatia’s Donna Vekic and 2 (give) China its second Olympic tennis gold after the women’s doubles title won by Li Ting and Sun Tiantian.
Zheng said she is honored to join all the history-makers, but will stay 3 (focus) on chasing more breakthroughs. “I always dreamed of joining the likes of Yao Ming, Liu Xiang and Li Na, and to be as successful and 4 (influence) as they were as athletes,” Zheng told China Daily on Sunday. 5 (inspire) by her aggressive attacking style on court and some similarity with the pronunciation of her given name, Zheng’s fans called her “Queen Wen” at previous tournaments. “Today’s match was 6 (incredible) tough. I was aware of 7 this victory means for China.” Zheng said.
In the decisive set, despite signs of 8 (tired) from both players, their fighting spirit remained unyielding (不屈的). “I’ve broken through my own limits. When I secured this victory, my emotions were not 9 (control).” Following in the footsteps of Li, she is set to become another successful female player from China, with her convincing athletic records and personality 10 (draw) an increasing number of domestic and international brands as her sponsors.
【答案】1．by 2．gave 3．focused 4．influential 5．Inspired 6．incredibly 7．what 8．tiredness 9．controllable 10．drawing
【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。周三，在巴黎举行的奥运会女子单打半决赛中，中国网球明星郑钦文成功晋级，这是中国队时隔16年后取得的一项重大成就。
1．考查介词。句意：21岁的郑钦文击败了克罗地亚的唐娜·韦基奇，为中国赢得了继李婷和孙甜甜获得女子双打冠军后的第二枚奥运网球金牌，树立了自己令人惊叹的职业生涯里程碑。此处表示方式，后跟动名词作宾语，应用介词by。故填by。
2．考查时态。句意：21岁的郑钦文击败了克罗地亚的唐娜·韦基奇，为中国赢得了继李婷和孙甜甜获得女子双打冠军后的第二枚奥运网球金牌，树立了自己令人惊叹的职业生涯里程碑。根据上文established可知为一般过去时。故填gave。
3．考查形容词。句意：郑说，她很荣幸能加入所有的历史创造者，但将继续专注于追求更多的突破。作表语用形容词focused。故填focused。
4．考查形容词。句意：“我一直梦想着成为像姚明、刘翔和李娜这样的运动员，像他们一样成功和有影响力，”郑在周日接受《中国日报》采访时表示。作表语，应用形容词influential。故填influential。
5．考查非谓语动词。句意：由于她在场上咄咄逼人的进攻风格，加上她的名字发音有些相似，郑的粉丝们在之前的比赛中称她为“文女王”。此处inspire与Zheng’s fans构成被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Inspired。
6．考查副词。句意：今天的比赛异常艰难。修饰形容词tough应用副词incredibly，故填incredibly。
7．考查宾语从句。句意：我知道这场胜利对中国意味着什么。引导宾语从句，从句缺少宾语，指物，用what。故填what。
8．考查名词。句意：在决胜局中，尽管两位选手都有疲惫的迹象，但他们的战斗精神依然不屈不挠。作介词的宾语，应用名词tiredness，不可数。故填tiredness。
9．考查形容词。句意：当我赢得这场胜利时，我的情绪无法控制。作表语，表示“无法控制”应用形容词controllable。故填controllable。
10．考查非谓语动词。句意：随着李的脚步，她将成为另一位成功的中国女运动员，她令人信服的运动记录和个性吸引了越来越多的国内外品牌作为她的赞助商。此处为with的复合结构，且draw与her convincing athletic records and personality构成主动关系，故用现在分词，故填drawing。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)消灭易错 定语从句
题组A 高考真题练
2024年高考真题
1.（2024·新高考I卷·语法填空）The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ________ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in England.
2.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ______ is known as “the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s hometown.
3.（2024·新高考II卷·语法填空）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way ________ will make them the most money.
2023年高考真题
1.（2023全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 63 Rachel Carson says in “A Fable for Tomorrow”.
2.（2023全国甲卷）“There was once a town in the heart of America, 64 all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with is surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many age-old fables.
3.（2023全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 63 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings of the past.
2021-2022年高考真题
1.（2022新高考I卷）The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ________ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
2.（2022全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, _________ lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
3.（2021全国II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company___________ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an email urging it to cut back.
题组B 易错题强化练
1．Even though Tu Youyou is not interested in fame, she has become a scientist work is internationally renowned.
2．Xi’ an is the former capital of many dynasties, accounts for its historical significance.
3．I am grateful to my teacher, encouragement and support helped me discover my potential.
4．I’d like to introduce Professor Zhang, will offer us knowledge on traditional Chinese culture in the coming lectures.
5．Leo Nielsen’s childhood was a difficult one, but he had one particular shining star in his life — his uncle, was well-known actor.
6．My brother, you have met before, is now a professor.
7．Many people, some of are not overweight, are going on a diet.
8．My favorite comedian is Charlie Chaplin, unique way of performing and classic works have brought joy and happiness to the whole world.
9．The book, cover is designed by a famous artist, has attracted the attention of many readers.
10．Tom was always speaking highly of his role in the play, of course, made the others unhappy.
11．As for me, I usually help to do some housework, can not only strengthen my family bond, but also relieve the burdens of my parents.
12．We will always remember the moment, my classmate Li Chong crossed the finishing line.
13．Stand-up comedy is a live performance, the performer tells jokes and shares humorous stories to entertain the audience.
14．We moved on to the north tip of the area, it was blowing hard and snowing.
15．More nature-centred tourist attractions, man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists.
16．More nature-centred tourist attractions, man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted.
17．The old library, scholars spend hours studying ancient texts, holds a wealth of historical knowledge.
18．He hid himself behind the door, from he saw the man take something on the desk.
19．The most rewarding day for our group was project day, all the efforts we put into collecting the items finally came together.
20．The story begins in the last years of the 18th century in Scotland, Watt perfected "the machine that changed the world".
21．In learning English , he had two things about he was not sure.
22．That grand bridge, which the latest construction method has been applied, is now welcoming praises from citizens.
23．That’s the house in he was born 30 years ago.
24．Self-driving is an area in China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line.
25．Mr Alexander is the professor for I have the greatest respect.
26．As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for you feel affection (喜爱), customers can also drive you mad.
27．Restaurants can offer a choice of music along with the various food choices on the menu, allowing customers more control over the atmosphere in they are dining.
28．The organization aims to help those suffer from great losses in the pandemic(疫情).
29．This city, history can date back to 2000 years ago, has become a modern city where you can experience both the new and the old.
30．The palace is named after its designer is widely recognized for his innovative ideas about architecture.
31．In terms of environmental impact, grapes are produced in heated houses release more carbon dioxide.
32．The man won the competition is a college student from Peking University.
33．A school festival is an exciting event brings together students, teachers and the wider community.
34．The city ancient architecture attracts millions of tourists is known for its rich history and culture.
35．Einstein often encountered people on the street would stop him and ask him to help explain things.
36．In China, teahouse is a place people gather to enjoy tea, chat and socialize.
37．The two pupils you taught three years ago have become teachers.
38．He talked a lot about things and persons they remembered in the school.
39．You must have had some moments you were disappointed. If so, how did you deal with them
40．He made a hole in the wall which he could get into the house.
41．The reason she didn’t attend the meeting is that she was ill.
42．The things and persons influenced people most often shaped their values.
43．I don’t think the number of the people to this happens is very large.
44．The students always actively participate in after-school activities on campus often develop better social skills and team work abilities.
45．It’s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.
46．He was put in prison, he suffered a lot of pain physically and mentally.
47．Recent accidents, fifty people lost their lives, are mainly due to the heavy fog.
48．The Spring Festival is an occasion Chinese people are reunited with family members.
49．The house the capitalist used to live in is now a nursery.
50．I also found many live stream websites users can watch live performances of DJ and singers and some can even buy virtual gifts for the performers.
51．Do you know the reason she has changed her mind
52．The reason he was late for school is that he missed the bus.
53．You must show my wife the same respect you show me.
54．The book was written in 1946, which the education system has witnessed great changes.
55．The swimmer you are asking about is over there.
56．We work harder to make further progress in the field of science we are curious about.
57．The park where we often go for a walk is a nice place there are many flowers and trees.
58．Don’t set goals go beyond our abilities and skills.
59．This is the museum we visited last week, where there are many valuable paintings and sculptures.
60．He is the man from house the picture was stolen.
题组C 各地市真题模拟练
（24-25高三上·西藏林芝·一模）阅读短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Scientists have recreated a 1985 study of birds in Peru that 1 (show) climate change is pushing them from their 2 (nature) environment. Thirty years ago, researchers studied more than 400 kinds of birds 3 (live) on a mountainside in Peru. In 2020, researchers looked again at the bird populations. They found that almost all had moved to higher places in the mountain and had decreased in size. Much 4 (bad), the scientists said at least eight bird groups, 5 stayed at the higher summits, had died out completely.
The researchers say the birds might have moved up the mountain because of temperature changes. Or, they say, changes to food sources may have forced 6 (they) to go higher. Last month, the findings 7 (publish) in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.
Past research has documented birds and other animals moving up in the summit in reaction 8 warming temperatures. Mark Urban is director of the Center of Biological Risk at the University of Connecticut. He said this recent study was 9 first to prove that rising temperatures and moving 10 (avoid) them can lead to extinction.
（24-25高三上·安徽合肥·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Chinese tennis star Zheng Qinwen made it to the Olympic women’s singles semifinals on Wednesday in Paris, marking a significant achievement after a 16-year wait for China. The 21-year-old established her breathtaking career milestone 1 beating Croatia’s Donna Vekic and 2 (give) China its second Olympic tennis gold after the women’s doubles title won by Li Ting and Sun Tiantian.
Zheng said she is honored to join all the history-makers, but will stay 3 (focus) on chasing more breakthroughs. “I always dreamed of joining the likes of Yao Ming, Liu Xiang and Li Na, and to be as successful and 4 (influence) as they were as athletes,” Zheng told China Daily on Sunday. 5 (inspire) by her aggressive attacking style on court and some similarity with the pronunciation of her given name, Zheng’s fans called her “Queen Wen” at previous tournaments. “Today’s match was 6 (incredible) tough. I was aware of 7 this victory means for China.” Zheng said.
In the decisive set, despite signs of 8 (tired) from both players, their fighting spirit remained unyielding (不屈的). “I’ve broken through my own limits. When I secured this victory, my emotions were not 9 (control).” Following in the footsteps of Li, she is set to become another successful female player from China, with her convincing athletic records and personality 10 (draw) an increasing number of domestic and international brands as her sponsors.
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