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专题03 完形填空之说明文和议论文
目录 01 模拟基础练 完形填空之说明文（最新模拟） 完形填空之议论文（最新模拟） 02 重难创新练（完形填空创新题） 03 真题实战练
完形填空之说明文（最新模拟）
1.（2025·湖南省长沙市第一中学高三适应性演练）
体裁：说明文 词数：209 话题：2025年央视春晚的四个分会场及其各自的特点 难度：★★★☆☆
The 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala’s four sub-venues added a special taste to the event. Each sub-venue, with its own 1 features, brought a unique part of Chinese culture to the forefront.
Wuhan, a city with a long history, 2 a combination of traditional and modern elements. The Yellow Crane Tower, an ancient 3 provided a magnificent backdrop for the shows. Han embroidery, with its 4 stitches, was displayed on stage, 5 the city’s long-standing craftsmanship.
Chongqing, famous for its 6 mountain-city scenery, built a stage by the Yangtze River. The electric Sichuan opera, especially its face-changing act, greatly 7 the audience. The introduction of Chongqing hot-pot, a symbol of local food culture, 8 the city’s unique charm.
Wuxi, with its beautiful waterways and classical gardens, 9 a peaceful and elegant scene. The Huai opera, with its 10 melodies, filled the air. Local artisans’ delicate clay figurines, 11 with great care, were 12 for all to see.
Lhasa, the holy city on the Tibetan Plateau, 13 a sense of solemnity. Against the backdrop of the Potala Palace, Tibetan dancers in colorful costumes performed traditional dances. Monks chanted scriptures, adding a 14 of religious solemnity. The display of Thangka paintings, filled with deep religious meaning, 15 the profound Tibetan culture.
1．A．common B．distinct C．similar D．regular
2．A．showed B．hid C．avoided D．denied
3．A．symbol B．reserve C．singal D．landmark
4．A．rough B．simple C．delicate D．thick
5．A．forgetting B．remembering C．demonstrating D．questioning
6．A．unique B．dull C．plain D．boring
7．A．gentle B．quiet C．calm D．energetic
8．A．weakened B．questioned C．strengthened D．doubted
9．A．presented B．hid C．avoided D．denied
10．A．loud B．soft C．noisy D．harsh
11．A．made B．bought C．sold D．borrowed
12．A．hidden B．stored C．displayed D．kept
13．A．brought B．took C．carried D．fetched
14．A．bit B．part C．piece D．touch
15．A．revealed B．rejected C．remembered D．removed
2（2025·四川省成都市高三月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：251 话题：红十字运动的起源与发展 难度：★★★☆☆
Today we’re celebrating the Red Cross Movement. We celebrate the values of the Red Cross including supporting the most 1 and strengthening communities. We celebrate showing humanity among inhumanity.
World Red Cross Day is celebrated 2 the man on May 8th who had a 3 that started the Red Cross Movement.
Henry Dunant was the man with that vision. In 1859, outside of Solferino in Italy, the French and Austrian armies were fighting and Henry witnessed the 4 of soldiers becoming wounded and dying. Finding the military surgeons could never deal with the wounded soldiers on both sides, Henry 5 a temporary hospital to help the injured. In1862, Henry wrote a book Memory of Solferino recommending that every country should create a neutral and 6 body of helpers who could provide 7 during war. Shortly after, he and a few others created the ICRC, International Committee of the Red Cross, and the 8 was born.
In 1864, the first Geneva Convention (日内瓦公约) was created, whose aim is to guide the rules of 9 . It includes 10 those who don’t take part in fighting and those who can no longer 11 .
Today, around the world, there are about 200 National Societies that are working to help the most fragile during 12 , strengthen communities’ health and preparedness, and 13 action when conflict arises. A(n) 14 vision from over a century ago, to show humanity and to make one another 15 in a time of hardship, still lives on today.
1．A．hopeless B．fragile C．upset D．inhuman
2．A．in honour of B．at the sight of C．on behalf of D．with the help of
3．A．try B．vision C．reason D．talent
4．A．incidents B．results C．possibilities D．horrors
5．A．found B．established C．contacted D．decorated
6．A．amateur B．profitable C．independent D．temporary
7．A．comfort B．fund C．accommodation D．care
8．A．hospital B．country C．movement D．concept
9．A．war B．games C．evidence D．operations
10．A．curing B．protecting C．entertaining D．calming
11．A．survive B．suffer C．fight D．escape
12．A．disasters B．arguments C．negotiations D．trials
13．A．comment on B．give up C．agree about D．spring into
14．A．common B．alternative C．simple D．artistic
15．A．smile B．explore C．reflect D．approve
3.（2025·吉林省松原市高三第三次考试）
体裁：说明文 词数：220 话题：鱼的象征意义 难度：★★★☆☆
In traditional Chinese culture, fish has rich meanings. It 1 wealth. Fish also stands for harmony and happy marriages 2 they multiply rapidly and sometimes swim in pairs. Fish is an important 3 in traditional values and are among the signs showing that something is 4 to be successful. The most popular fish theme found in Chinese art and 5 is that of the carp (鲤鱼). The 6 of “boneless” techniques makes the swimming fish more real and convincing. Known to most Westerners as koi fish (锦鲤), the Chinese carp has 7 symbolic values within Chinese culture. The carp is a powerful symbol of 8 . The scales and whisker (须) of the carp is 9 to that of a dragon, a great symbol of power in China. During the Spring Festival “lucky money” is 10 in red envelopes decorated with a carp and symbols of long life 11 peaches and pine trees. There are many different 12 of the carp, with the major ones being black, white, red and yellow.
“You are not 13 , so how would you know the happiness of fish ” Chuang Tsu created this famous saying when he 14 an issue with Hui Tsu. The message of the story is that someone has his own enjoyment while others can 15 appreciate that.
1．A．produces B．spreads C．represents D．determines
2．A．so B．because C．unless D．though
3．A．picture B．animal C．food D．symbol
4．A．used B．afraid C．forced D．likely
5．A．technology B．culture C．transport D．education
6．A．identity B．application C．shortcoming D．insurance
7．A．selfless B．peaceful C．numerous D．informal
8．A．beauty B．strength C．smartness D．wisdom
9．A．helpful B．true C．similar D．rude
10．A．given out B．taken away C．cut off D．used up
11．A．such as B．as a result of C．owing to D．in front of
12．A．names B．owners C．shelters D．colours
13．A．fish B．history C．water D．air
14．A．wrote B．tested C．performed D．discussed
15．A．always B．easily C．never D．mostly
4.（2025·黑龙江省大庆市实验中学高三期中）
体裁：说明文 词数：259 话题：“断舍离”的含义 难度：★★★☆☆
During the Nov. 11 shopping event, many people tend to buy more than they need because of sales and promotion or just a plain urge. But what normally 1 the shopping madness is not 2 but regret. That’s because many people just buy things to fill the emptiness in their hearts, but accumulating things actually 3 the burden in their minds.
The concept of Danshari may provide a(n) 4 to the problem. Danshari is based on three Chinese characters, duan she li, 5 refusal, disposal and separation. It promotes the idea of removing 6 things and separating oneself from the drive to own 7 possessions. There are two basic rules that 8 whether you should keep something — the relationship between you and the item under 9 as well as the timing. So before you 10 your payment password for something, ask yourself two questions: Do I need it now Does it suit me
Danshari encourages you not only to 11 things, but to give up the unreasonable desire associated with owning them. Nowadays, people need to learn to 12 their daily lives. Buy only the necessities and suitable items, regularly 13 things you don’t need any more, and then you’ll get freedom in your heart.
However, it doesn’t mean that you should kill your desire and live a less interesting life. Instead, you should 14 yourself rather than material goods. Through 15 what to buy and what to throw away, you can see a deeper reflection of yourself, therefore learning to make wise decisions about more important things.
1．A．prevents B．promotes C．starts D．follows
2．A．satisfaction B．wealth C．relief D．expectation
3．A．measures B．covers C．relieves D．indicates
4．A．limit B．alternative C．solution D．introduction
5．A．abolishing B．meaning C．violating D．predicting
6．A．unnecessary B．temporary C．used D．updated
7．A．private B．valuable C．material D．popular
8．A．prove B．permit C．decide D．affect
9．A．guarantee B．control C．discussion D．consideration
10．A．change B．enter C．provide D．create
11．A．get over B．get along with C．get rid of D．get through
12．A．fix B．risk C．enrich D．simplify
13．A．discover B．recycle C．cherish D．abandon
14．A．reflect on B．focus on C．give up D．cheer up
15．A．choosing B．avoiding C．comparing D．mentioning
5.（2025·辽宁省名校联盟（东北三省三校）高三上联合）
体裁：说明文 词数：250 话题：互动小说 难度：★★★☆☆
An interactive novel is a text with which the reader can interact. The most 1 type of interactive fiction involves 2 the direction of a story from a set number of options. Interactions in this case involve deciding which of the presented 3 the reader would like to follow. In some of these novels, there is an end that is , in contrast to ends where the adorable character dies.
Although most people are familiar with the basic type of interactive novel, interactions beyond this basic structure are also possible, 4 , novels can be guided by readers because the novels are 5 with the author actively 6 the story based on interactions. 7 , a novel can be played like a game, with the reader inputting commands or 8 to the story. This type of novel is particularly popular for online and 9 literature because the technical capacities of these formats are 10 to interactions.
An interactive novel can also be 11 , in which no particular path wins or loses. In many cases, this type of novel is explained as a type of environment in which the reader can 12 . Collaborative (合作的) interactive novels are slightly more complicated. Novels that include reader input and multimedia options are often included in this 13 .
With future technology, there may someday be 14 even in the way that the information is presented to readers, and people may read on special devices designed specifically for this type of literature.
1．A．common B．efficient C．beneficial D．suitable
2．A．saving B．removing C．choosing D．separating
3．A．words B．options C．plans D．fashions
4．A．possible B．sudden C．practical D．desirable
5．A．For example B．After all C．By the way D．On the contrary
6．A．confusing B．ongoing C．entertaining D．convincing
7．A．spreading B．understanding C．predicting D．changing
8．A．Alternatively B．Secretly C．Strangely D．Luckily
9．A．turning B．referring C．adding D．agreeing
10．A．classical B．electronic C．modern D．printed
11．A．favorable B．fundamental C．harmful D．opposite
12．A．soul-destroying B．pain-relieving
C．ready-made D．open-ended
13．A．remember B．copy C．explore D．improve
14．A．process B．sample C．package D．category
15．A．instructions B．innovations C．services D．challenges
完形填空之议论文（最新模拟）
1.（2025·湖南省长郡二十校联盟高三第二次预热演练）
体裁：议论文 词数：263 话题：人与社会——帮助孩子们享受阅读的快乐 难度：★★★☆☆
Imagining a human being without historical sense is scary. 781 still is the thought of an entire generation operating from a position of historical ignorance. And yet that is exactly the 782 in which we find ourselves today.
The people and events of history may be 783 in the past, but how we talk about those things, what we write about them, and how we 784 them tell us a lot about who we are and what we 785 right now. Thinking of ourselves as a chapter in an unwritten history book is likely to force deep 786 . Whose stories will we champion What values will we defend What models will we offer ensuing (随后的) generations No other subject helps us to understand so 787 what it is to be human.
But the 788 isn’t entirely surprising given the downgraded status of history in most schools. History is 789 its place in the curriculum with geography, but its attention to time, place and context is what makes it really 790 . In other words, history doesn’t simply tell us how to be good citizens. It 791 us with the knowledge we need to comprehend our world clearly, and the ability to 792 it accurately.
Clearly, in an age of “fake news”, we need to be 793 thinkers. There is no better subject than history to develop a(n) 794 of context and an ability to examine evidence. Just as we anticipate a math curriculum that systematically builds on blocks of knowledge, we should also 795 a logical history curriculum for our children.
781．A．Funnier B．Scarier C．Rarer D．Harder
782．A．situation B．atmosphere C．relationship D．experience
783．A．transformed B．rooted C．understood D．absorbed
784．A．compose B．design C．teach D．record
785．A．abandon B．possess C．witness D．value
786．A．self-awareness B．self-control
C．self-reflection D．self-management
787．A．comprehensively B．instantly
C．readily D．independently
788．A．argument B．comment C．conclusion D．ignorance
789．A．getting back B．fighting for C．holding onto D．putting aside
790．A．precise B．convincing C．distinct D．boring
791．A．equips B．connects C．motivates D．impresses
792．A．develop B．control C．analyze D．show
793．A．leading B．critical C．modern D．optimistic
794．A．appreciation B．evaluation C．vision D．belief
795．A．admit B．identify C．follow D．expect
2.（2025·四川省内江市第六中学高三入学考试）
体裁：议论文 词数：255 话题：旅行以滋养心灵 难度：★★★☆☆
Travel is not a reasonable activity. It makes no 1 to squeeze (挤) yourself into a small seat to go to a distant place where you don’t 2 the language or know the customs. All is at great 3 . If we 4 to do a cost-benefit analysis, we’d never go anywhere. Yet we do.
That’s one reason why I’m 5 about travel’s future. In fact, I’d argue travel is an essential activity, like books and hugs, which are food for the 6 . Right now, we’re between courses, enjoying where we’ve been and anticipating (期盼) where we’ll go.
In our rush to 7 to the world, we should be mindful of the impact of mass 8 on the planet. Now is the time to accept the fundamental values of 9 tourism and let them guide our future 10 . Go off the beaten path. Stay longer in destinations. And 11 that the whole point of getting out there is to see the differences that make the world so 12 .
So go ahead and 13 that trip. It’s good. Plotting a trip is 14 as enjoyable as actually taking one. Anticipation is its own reward. I’ve 15 first-hand the happiness of anticipatory travel. My wife, not usually a fan of travel photography, now spends hours on Instagram, staring longingly at photos of mountains and rice fields. “What’s going on ” I asked one day. “They’re just absolutely amazing,” she replied. “They make me remember that there is a big, beautiful world out there.”
1．A．mistake B．secret C．sense D．attempt
2．A．doubt B．speak C．choose D．teach
3．A．expense B．length C．risk D．speed
4．A．pretended B．promised C．refused D．stopped
5．A．curious B．worried C．confident D．wrong
6．A．family B．soul C．day D．future
7．A．add B．apply C．return D．compare
8．A．tourism B．media C．production D．market
9．A．official B．formal C．comfortable D．sustainable
10．A．lectures B．journeys C．meals D．interviews
11．A．regret B．imagine C．reply D．remember
12．A．noisy B．colorful C．common D．dangerous
13．A．plan B．forget C．miss D．admit
14．A．shortly B．formerly C．nearly D．hardly
15．A．witnessed B．researched C．demanded D．promoted
3.（2025·辽宁省锦州市三测试）
体裁：议论文 词数：272 话题：询问孩子长大之后想成为什么对孩子有害 难度：★★★☆☆
“What do you want to be when you grow up ” When I was a kid, I 1 the question. Adults always seemed terribly disappointed that I wasn’t dreaming of becoming something grand or 2 , like an astronaut.
Now, as an organizational psychologist, my job is to fix other people’s jobs, and I’ve come to believe that asking youngsters that question does them 3 .
My first complaint about the question is that it 4 kids to define themselves in terms of work. If we define ourselves by our jobs, our 5 depends on what we achieve. So when you are asked what you want to be, it’s not socially 6 to say “A father” or “A mother”, let alone “A person of integrity”.
The second 7 is the implication that there is one calling (职业) out there for everyone. Research shows that 8 one leaves students feeling lost and 9 . After all, not everyone has that talent for grand jobs.
If you manage to 10 the above barriers, there is a third hurdle (难关) : careers rarely live up to your childhood 11 . In one study, looking for a(n) 12 job left college seniors feeling more anxious and less satisfied with the 13 . As Tim Urban writes, happiness is reality minus expectations. It’s clear how expectations 14 our perceived happiness. If you are looking for extreme happiness, you’re bound to be disappointed.
Asking kids what they want to be leads them to 15 a career identity they might never want to earn. Instead, invite them to think about the different things they might want to do.
1．A．considered B．feared C．explained D．recalled
2．A．average B．humble C．heroic D．romantic
3．A．harm B．good C．wrong D．honour
4．A．forces B．troubles C．commands D．forbids
5．A．status B．experience C．worth D．fame
6．A．rejected B．accurate C．confirmed D．acceptable
7．A．thought B．division C．assumption D．problem
8．A．picking up B．searching for C．praying for D．taking over
9．A．bored B．impatient C．intolerant D．confused
10．A．strengthen B．control C．build D．overcome
11．A．efforts B．struggles C．ambitions D．gains
12．A．ideal B．permanent C．ordinary D．specific
13．A．benefit B．outcome C．solution D．truth
14．A．boost B．contain C．guarantee D．affect
15．A．refuse B．claim C．keep D．ignore
4.（2024·福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三联考）
体裁：议论文 词数：279 话题：名人演讲传递了错误的思想 难度：★★★☆☆
I used to find award show speeches inspiring when celebrities encouraged people to “chase their dreams.” However, as I grew older, I 1 the toxicity (毒性) behind this notion. Pursuing our dreams is not always easy due to various 2 . For instance, I 3 to be a singer but lacked the financial means to audition for competition shows. Later, my dream 4 to becoming a manga editor, but I faced 5 like language barriers, travel costs, and difficult exams.
Though there is hope, considering many celebrities started from humble beginnings, achieving dreams remains 6 . As someone who once had ambitious aspirations, these “chase your dreams” speeches gave me 7 hope. I take issue with such celebrity speeches because they suggest that anyone can 8 whatever they desire simply by wishing for it. 9 , reality tells us otherwise. I am not trying to be 10 , but rather realistic. Growing older has taught me that some dreams are meant to stay as dreams.
Nonetheless, I am grateful that my dream of becoming a singer did not materialize. I have found other passions — writing and editing — and 11 pursued them as a career through college. I have no regrets about this path. If we do not 12 exactly where we want to be, it is alright. Life sometimes presents obstacles that 13 us from choosing our first preference for the future. Our dreams may not always be 14 , but that does not mean good things are not in store for us. Life often takes us on different paths. Do not lose hope, for you have a bright future ahead, 15 the choices you make.
1．A．worried B．changed C．realized D．controlled
2．A．barriers B．shelters C．excuses D．thoughts
3．A．failed B．agreed C．used D．desired
4．A．focused B．shifted C．continued D．happened
5．A．efforts B．challenges C．demands D．choices
6．A．straightforward B．common
C．complicated D．rare
7．A．false B．true C．great D．special
8．A．confirm B．appreciate C．accomplish D．distribute
9．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Furthermore
10．A．optimistic B．pessimistic C．energetic D．enthusiastic
11．A．unexpectedly B．unavoidably C．uneventfully D．unnecessarily
12．A．come up B．turn up C．set up D．end up
13．A．save B．protect C．prevent D．guard
14．A．comfortable B．attainable C．bearable D．adjustable
15．A．instead of B．in terms of C．by means of D．regardless of
1.（2025·河南省豫西北教研联盟（许洛平）高三一模）
体裁：说明文 词数：238 话题：俚语拉近两代人的距离 难度：★★★☆☆
My son just completed high school and when he leaves for college in the fall, I’ll 1 his lessons in teenage slang (俚语). His slang has offered me an accidental but useful portrait (描述) of how he and his generation 2 the world.
From one generation to the next, the terms changed, but the 3 typically didn’t. New words were routinely 4 to express familiar concepts: one generation’s “cool” 5 another’s “dope” and so on.
Members of my son’s generation have a vastly superior approach to slang. They’ve created a language that 6 the new and distinct reality they face.
“Mid” is an obvious 7 in my son’s usage, things that are mid are things that are average or 8 below. Everything in a railway station or an airport falls into the category of “mid”. It’s a brilliant, precise word for a mildly 9 world.
But my favorite new slang word is “based” — short for “based in fact” or “based in reality” and often used as a term of agreement when someone 10 a debatable opinion.
The kids themselves are bright. That is why I’m so 11 to my son who gave me a chance to 12 the language of his generation. One purpose of slang is to demonstrate generational 13 , yet slang has brought my son and me closer. The current 14 created slangs and they’ve proved themselves more 15 than we were.
1．A．teach B．prepare C．miss D．attend
2．A．see B．change C．impact D．shape
3．A．users B．meanings C．forms D．targets
4．A．searched B．defined C．abused D．adopted
5．A．leads B．becomes C．causes D．follows
6．A．dates from B．turns to C．escapes from D．responds to
7．A．example B．tool C．exception D．expression
8．A．unbelievably B．terribly C．slightly D．unreasonably
9．A．thrilling B．excellent C．indifferent D．disappointing
10．A．seeks B．states C．exchanges D．analyzes
11．A．helpful B．familiar C．grateful D．sensitive
12．A．compare B．approach C．assess D．imitate
13．A．ability B．dreams C．shortcomings D．distinction
14．A．teenagers B．children C．adults D．seniors
15．A．realistic B．considerate C．innovative D．energetic
2.（2025·安徽省阜阳市高三月考）
体裁：议论文 词数：280 话题：探讨幸福 难度：★★★☆☆
The history of human beings is naturally a process to pursue happiness, which is the ultimate purpose of life. Happiness makes us cope with our careers energetically and harmonize life 1 .
However, the word “pursue” evidences that happiness is like a horizon (地平线), when we move further, it 2 away.
Obviously, defining happiness has 3 mankind for thousands of years because individuals all have their own 4 and, more critically, human desires are almost limitless. 5 is the common standard for happiness of merchants, yet their dreams of being billionaires and even zillionaires always follow the fulfilment of the dreams of being millionaires. The process of struggling for may-be happiness always ends in must-be 6 . Thus, the definition of happiness can hardly be 7 .Nevertheless, although happiness is indefinable, it is still easy for us to find the 8 examples of happy people, who, in fact, share three features in common: optimistic mentality, 9 body, and stable income. It is apparent that most of the sufferings are 10 by external surroundings and they are nearly unavoidable. Thus, one can only change his mentality to 11 them. Meanwhile, without health one cannot sustain happiness to enjoy the 12 of life.
Furthermore, to be realistic, a beggar, while struggling in poverty, can never be as 13 as a millionaire sailing on the Pacific Ocean. Hence, stable income is also significant for achieving happiness.
To summarise, to define happiness will not be so hard if humans can understand happiness in a standard way and eliminate (消灭) their 14 totally. However, before the realization of this 15 , being optimistic, healthy, and financially independent may be the “keys” to happiness.
1．A．instantly B．definitely C．permanently D．optimistically
2．A．puts B．backs C．gives D．breaks
3．A．helped B．confused C．changed D．interrupted
4．A．directions B．compositions C．solutions D．interpretations
5．A．Fame B．Health C．Wealth D．Liberty
6．A．success B．sacrifice C．motivation D．dissatisfaction
7．A．settled B．copied C．expected D．expanded
8．A．rare B．unique C．walking D．running
9．A．weak B．slim C．sound D．large
10．A．cut down B．held back C．pulled up D．brought about
11．A．clear B．find C．test D．grasp
12．A．cycle B．sunshine C．outcome D．power
13．A．peaceful B．careful C．polite D．practical
14．A．fear B．greed C．dream D．poverty
15．A．goal B．value C．cause D．potential
1.（2021年天津卷）
For most people, having things stolen feels like an offence. Robbie Pruitt admitted that he got ____16____ when he discovered the theft of his mountain bike last September. But soon enough, his ____17____ took a turn. After letting go of his anger and frustration, he found himself on a road to sympathy ____18____.
For Pruitt, a keen bicyclist, the first thing to do was ____19____ his stolen bike. But when he went bike shopping, he found few available, which got him thinking: What if the ____20____ of bikes was Covid-19 related, and what if the person who'd taken his bike really needed ____21____ to get to work
With that thought in mind, Pruitt ____22____ a plan and posted it on the community website. He ____23____ to fix bikes free of charge for anyone who needed it. He also asked for unwanted bikes, which he would repair-again ____24____. And then he would donate them to folks who could truly use them but didn't have the ____25____ to buy one.
The day the post went live, Pruitt received thirty ____26____ bicycles. Then came more than 500 ____27____ for detailed information. By the end of 2020, Pruitt had repaired more than 140 for donation or to be ____28____ to their owners.
Pruitt tries to give his donations to families that are ____29____ struggling. ____30____ simply satisfying a material need, he has provided an opportunity for kids in his neighborhood to learn how to fix their own bikes.
In addition to ____31____ skills, Pruitt's lessons teach teamwork, encourage self-worth, and promote feelings of community. ____32____, the kids have gained a sense of accomplishment.
"It's a really great ____33____ for kids,“ said a neighbor in an interview with the local newspaper. "Pruitt is certainly providing a ____34____, but it's not just the bikes. It's the relationships in the community. It's the ____35____ that he can make on people."
16. A. amazed B. mad C. curious D. frightened
17. A. emotions B. career C. opinions D. route
18. A. ever B. together C. instead D. yet
19. A. ride B. lock C. repair D. replace
20. A. lack B. variety C. increase D. quality
21. A. instruction B. qualification C. transportation D. permission
22. A. came up with B. stuck to C. gave up D. broke away from
23. A. remembered B. refused C. hesitated D. offered
24. A. by accident B. in advance C. for free D. on credit
25. A. profit B. budget C. courage D. excuse
26. A. shared B. used C. expensive D. modern
27. A. enquiries B. advertisements C. notices D. announcements
28. A. exported B. sold C. lent D. returned
29. A. hardly B. slightly C. truly D. instantly
30. A. Without B. Beyond C. Upon D. Among
31. A. practical B. commercial C. mathematical D. social
32. A. Otherwise B. However C. Somehow D. Meanwhile
33. A. promise B. celebration C. comfort D. experience
34. A. competition B. service C. ceremony D. suggestion
35. A. compromise B. impression C. impact D. progress
2.（2015年安徽卷）
In our modern world, when something wears out, we throw it away and buy a new one. The 71 is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 72 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.
How did we 73 a throwaway society First of all, it is now easier to 74 an object than to spend time and money to repair it. 75 modern manufacturing (制造业)and technology, companies are able to produce products quickly and inexpensively. Products are plentiful and 76 .
Another cause is our 77 of disposable (一次性的) products. As 78 people, we are always looking for 79 to save time and make our lives panies 80 thousands of different kinds of disposable products: paper plates, plastic cups, and cameras, to name a few.
Our appetite for new products also 81 to the problem. We are 82 buying new things. Advertisements persuade us that 83 is better and that we will be happier with the latest products. The result is that we 84 useful possessions to make room for new ones.
All around the world, we can see the 85 of this throwaway lifestyle. Mountains of rubbish just keep getting bigger. To 86 the amount of rubbish and to protect the 87 , more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 88 , this is not enough to solve (解决) our problem.
Maybe there is another way out. We need to repair our possessions 89 throwing them away. We also need to rethink our attitudes about 90 . Repairing our possessions and changing our spending habits may be the best way to reduce the amount of rubbish and take care of our environment.
71．A．key B．reason C．project D．problem
72．A．gifts B．rubbish C．debt D．products
73．A．face B．become C．observe D．change
74．A．hide B．control C．replace D．withdraw
75．A．Thanks to B．As to C．Except for D．Regardless of
76．A．safe B．funny C．cheap D．powerful
77．A．love B．lack C．prevention D．division
78．A．sensitive B．kind C．brave D．busy
79．A．ways B．places C．jobs D．friends
80．A．donate B．receive C．produce D．preserve
81．A．adapts B．returns C．responds D．contributes
82．A．tired of B．addicted to C．worried about D．ashamed for
83．A．newer B．stronger C．higher D．larger
84．A．pick up B．pay for C．hold onto D．throw away
85．A．advantages B．purposes C．functions D．consequences
86．A．show B．record C．decrease D．measure
87．A．technology B．environment C．consumers D．brands
88．A．However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Meanwhile
89．A．by B．in favour of C．after D．instead of
90．A．spending B．collecting C．repairing D．advertising
3.（2013年广东卷）
Number sense is not the ability to count. It is the ability to recognize a 21 , in number. Human beings are born with this ability. 22 , experiments show that many animals are, too. For example, many birds have good number sense. If a nest has four eggs and you remove one, the bird will not 23 However, if you remove two, the bird 24 leaves. This means that the bird knows the 25 between two and three.
Another interesting experiment showed a bird's 26 number sense. A man was trying to take a photo of a crow(乌鸦)that had a nest in a tower, but the crow always left when she saw him coming. The bird did not 27 until the man left the tower. The man had an 28 . He took another man with him to the tower. One man left and the other stayed, but they did not 29 the bird. The crow stayed away until the second man left, too. The experiment was 30 with three men and then with four men. But the crow did not return to the nest until all the men were 31 . It was not until five men went into the tower and only four left that they were 32 able to fool the crow.
How good is a human's number sense It's not very good. For example, babies about fourteen months old almost always notice if something is taken away from a 33 group. But when the number goes beyond three or four, the children are 34 fooled.
It seems that number sense is something we have in common with many animals in this world, and that our human 35 is not much better than a crow's.
21．A．rise B．pattern C．change D．trend
22．A．Importantly B．Surprisingly C．Disappointedly D．Fortunately
23．A．survive B．care C．hatch D．notice
24．A．generally B．sincerely C．casually D．deliberately
25．A．distance B．range C．different D．interval
26．A．amazing B．annoying C．satisfying D．disturbing
27．A．relax B．recover C．react D．return
28．A．appointment B．excuse C．idea D．explanation
29．A．fool B．hurt C．catch D．kill
30．A．reported B．repeated C．designed D．approved
31．A．confused B．gone C．tired D．drunk
32．A．gradually B．luckily C．strangely D．finally
33．A．single B．small C．local D．new
34．A．seldom B．temporarily C．merely D．often
35．A．sight B．nature C．ability D．belief
4.（2010年安徽卷）
Most people give little thought to the pens they write with, especially since the printers in modern homes and offices mean that very 36 things are handwritten. All too often, people buy a pen based only on 37 , and wonder why they are not satisfied 38 they begin to use it. However, buying a pen that you’ll enjoy is not 39 if you keep the following in mind.
First of all, a pen should fit comfortably in your hand and be 40 to use. The thickness of the pen is the most important characteristic (特征) 41 comfort. Having a small hand and thick fingers, you may comfortable with a thin pen. If you have a 42 hand and thicker fingers you may 43 a fatter pen. The length of a pen can 44 influence comfort. A pen that is too 45 can easily feeltop heavy and unstable.
Then, the writing point of the pen should 46 the ink to flow evenly(均匀的) while that pen remains in touch with the paper. 47 will make it possibly for you to create a 48 line of writing. The point should also be sensitive enough to 49 ink from running when the pen is lifted. A point that does not block the 50 may leave drops of ink, 51 you pick the pen up and put it down again.
52 , the pen should make a thick, dark line. Fine line pens may 53 bad handwriting, but fine, delicate lines do not command 54 next to printed text, as, 55 , a signature on a printed letter. A broader line, on the other hand, gives an impression of confidence and authority (权威)。
36．A．many B．few C．pleasant D．important
37．A．looks B．reason C．value D．advantages
38．A．once B．if C．because D．though
39．A．convenient B．practical C．strange D．difficult
40．A．heavy B．easy C．hard D．safe
41．A．taking B．finding C．determining D．seeking
42．A．strong B．weaker C．smaller D．larger
43．A．prefer B．recommend C．prepare D．demand
44．A．hardly B．also C．never D．still
45．A．thick B．light C．long D．soft
46．A．change B．allow C．reduce D．press
47．A．they B．one C．this D．some
48．A．thin B．rough C．black D．smooth
49．A．prevent B．free C．protect D．remove
50．A．way B．sight C．flow D．stream
51．A．so B．as C．and D．yet
52．A．Meanwhile B．Generally C．Afterwards D．Finally
53．A．show up B．differ from C．break down D．compensate for
54．A．attention B．support C．respect D．admission
55．A．at most B．for example C．in brief D．on purpose
5.（2009年江苏卷）
The requirements for high school graduation have just changed in my community. As a result, all students must 1 sixty hours of service learning, 2 they will not receive a diploma. Service learning is academic learning that also helps the community. 3 of service learning include cleaning up a polluted river, working in a soup kitchen, or tutoring a student. 4 a service experience, students must keep a journal and then write a 5 about what they have learned.
Supporters claim that there are many 6 of service learning. Perhaps most importantly, students are forced to think 7 their own interests and become 8 of the needs of others. Students are also able to learn real life skills that 9 responsibility, problem solving, and working as part of a team. 10 students can explore possible careers 11 service learning. For example, if a student wonders what teaching is like, he or she can choose to work in an elementary school classroom a few afternoons each month.
12 there are many benefits, opponents 13 problems with the new requirement. First, they 14 that the main reason students go to school is to learn core subjects and skills. Because service learning is time consuming, students spend 15 time studying the core subjects. Second, they believe that forcing students to work without 16 goes against the law. By requiring service, the school takes away an individual’s freedom to choose.
In my view, service learning is a great way to 17 to the community, learn new skills, and explore different careers. 18 , I don’t believe you should force people to help others — the 19 to help must come from the heart. I think the best 20 is one that gives students choices: a student should be able to choose sixty hours of independent study or sixty hours of service. Choice encourages both freedom and responsibility and as young adults, we must learn to handle both wisely.
1．A．spend B．gain C．complete D．save
2．A．and B．or C．but D．for
3．A．Subjects B．Ideas C．Procedures D．Examples
4．A．With B．Before C．During D．After
5．A．diary B．report C．note D．notice
6．A．courses B．benefits C．challenges D．features
7．A．beyond B．about C．over D．in
8．A．careful B．proud C．tired D．aware
9．A．possess B．apply C．include D．develop
10．A．Gradually B．Finally C．Luckily D．Hopefully
11．A．through B．across C．of D．on
12．A．So B．Thus C．Since D．While
13．A．deal with B．look into C．point out D．take down
14．A．argue B．doubt C．overlook D．admit
15．A．much B．full C．less D．more
16．A．cost B．pay C．care D．praise
17．A．contribute B．appeal C．attend D．belong
18．A．Therefore B．Otherwise C．Besides D．However
19．A．courage B．desire C．emotion D．spirit
20．A．decision B．purpose C．solution D．result
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题03 完形填空之说明文和议论文
目录 01 模拟基础练 完形填空之说明文（最新模拟） 完形填空之议论文（最新模拟） 02 重难创新练（完形填空创新题） 03 真题实战练
完形填空之说明文（最新模拟）
1.（2025·湖南省长沙市第一中学高三适应性演练）
体裁：说明文 词数：209 话题：2025年央视春晚的四个分会场及其各自的特点 难度：★★★☆☆
The 2025 CCTV Spring Festival Gala’s four sub-venues added a special taste to the event. Each sub-venue, with its own 1 features, brought a unique part of Chinese culture to the forefront.
Wuhan, a city with a long history, 2 a combination of traditional and modern elements. The Yellow Crane Tower, an ancient 3 provided a magnificent backdrop for the shows. Han embroidery, with its 4 stitches, was displayed on stage, 5 the city’s long-standing craftsmanship.
Chongqing, famous for its 6 mountain-city scenery, built a stage by the Yangtze River. The electric Sichuan opera, especially its face-changing act, greatly 7 the audience. The introduction of Chongqing hot-pot, a symbol of local food culture, 8 the city’s unique charm.
Wuxi, with its beautiful waterways and classical gardens, 9 a peaceful and elegant scene. The Huai opera, with its 10 melodies, filled the air. Local artisans’ delicate clay figurines, 11 with great care, were 12 for all to see.
Lhasa, the holy city on the Tibetan Plateau, 13 a sense of solemnity. Against the backdrop of the Potala Palace, Tibetan dancers in colorful costumes performed traditional dances. Monks chanted scriptures, adding a 14 of religious solemnity. The display of Thangka paintings, filled with deep religious meaning, 15 the profound Tibetan culture.
1．A．common B．distinct C．similar D．regular
2．A．showed B．hid C．avoided D．denied
3．A．symbol B．reserve C．singal D．landmark
4．A．rough B．simple C．delicate D．thick
5．A．forgetting B．remembering C．demonstrating D．questioning
6．A．unique B．dull C．plain D．boring
7．A．gentle B．quiet C．calm D．energetic
8．A．weakened B．questioned C．strengthened D．doubted
9．A．presented B．hid C．avoided D．denied
10．A．loud B．soft C．noisy D．harsh
11．A．made B．bought C．sold D．borrowed
12．A．hidden B．stored C．displayed D．kept
13．A．brought B．took C．carried D．fetched
14．A．bit B．part C．piece D．touch
15．A．revealed B．rejected C．remembered D．removed
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．A 12．C 13．C 14．D 15．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了2025年央视春晚的四个分会场及其各自的特点。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每个分会场都有自己截然不同的特色，将中国文化的独特部分带到最前沿。A. common常见的，一般的；B. distinct截然不同的，有区别的；C. similar相似的；D. regular定期的，规律的。根据后文“brought a unique part of Chinese culture to the forefront(将中国文化的独特部分带到了最前沿)”可推知，央视春晚分会场都有其独特的部分，即，截然不同的地方。故选B项。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：武汉这座历史悠久的城市展现了传统与现代的结合。A. showed说明，展示；B. hid隐藏，躲藏；C. avoided避免；D. denied否认。根据后文“a combination of traditional and modern elements(传统与现代元素的结合)”可推知，传统与现代的结合是武汉这座城市展现出来的。故选A项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：黄鹤楼，一个古老的地标为演出提供了壮丽的背景。A. symbol象征，符号；B. reserve储藏，保护区；C. signal信号；D. landmark地标，里程碑。根据前文“The Yellow Crane Tower(黄鹤楼)”并结合常识可知，黄鹤楼是武汉的地标性建筑。故选D项。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：舞台上展示了绣法精致的汉绣，展示了这座城市悠久的工艺。A. rough粗糙的，粗略的；B. simple简单的；C. delicate精美的，精巧的；D. thick厚的，稠密的。根据前文“Han embroidery(汉绣)”以及空后的“stitches(针法)”可推知，这里讲述汉服刺绣精巧的针法。故选C项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：舞台上展示了绣法精致的汉绣，展示了这座城市悠久的工艺。A. forgetting忘记，遗忘；B. remembering记住，记忆；C. demonstrating证明，证实；D. questioning询问，提问。根据前文“Han embroidery, with its _______ stitches, was displayed on stage(舞台上展示了绣法精巧的汉绣)”可推知，这些刺绣证明了这座城市悠久的技艺。故选C项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：重庆以其独特的山城风光而闻名，在长江边建造了一个舞台。A. unique独一无二的；B. dull无聊的；C. plain清楚的；D. boring无聊的。根据后文“mountain-city scenery(山城风景)”可知，“山城”是重庆的独特之处。故选A项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：电光溢彩的川剧，尤其是变脸的表演，给观众带来了极大的活力。A. gentle使（或变）温柔，（使）平静，驯服；B. quiet使平静，平息；C. calm使镇静，冷静下来；D. energetic使充满活力，精力充沛。根据前文“The electric Sichuan opera, especially its face-changing act(电光溢彩的川剧，尤其是变脸表演)”可知，川剧的表演富有激情和热情，让人充满活力。故选D项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为当地饮食文化象征的重庆火锅的引入，增强了这座城市的独特魅力。A. weakened削弱，使虚弱；B. questioned询问；C. strengthened增强，巩固；D. doubted怀疑。根据前文“The introduction of Chongqing hot-pot, a symbol of local food culture(当地饮食文化的特色重庆火锅的介绍)”可推知，重庆火锅作为当地的特色饮食，应是使得这个城市的吸引力得到进一步增强。故选C项。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无锡有着美丽的水道和古典的园林，呈现出一幅宁静而优雅的景象。A. presented颁发，呈现；B. hid躲藏；C. avoided避免；D. denied否认。根据后文“a peaceful and elegant scene(一种宁静优雅的景象)”可推知，这里表达的应是“呈现了宁静而优雅的景象”。故选A项。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：淮剧以其轻柔的旋律弥漫在空气中。A. loud喧闹的，大声的；B. soft柔和的，轻柔的；C. noisy吵闹的；D. harsh残酷的，严厉的。根据前文“The Huai opera(淮剧)”以及后文“melodies(旋律)”并结合常识可知，淮剧旋律轻柔。故选B项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地工匠精心制作的精致泥人向所有人展示。A. made制造，使让；B. bought买，购买；C. sold售卖；D. borrowed借来。根据前文“Local artisans’ delicate clay figurines(当地工匠制作的精致泥塑)”可推知，泥塑是精心制作的。故选A项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当地工匠精心制作的精致泥人向所有人展示。A. hidden躲藏，隐藏；B. stored存储，保存；C. displayed展示，展览；D. kept保持。根据主语“Local artisans’ delicate clay figurines(当地工匠制作的精致泥塑)”可知，泥塑被展出给人看。故选C项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：拉萨，青藏高原上的圣城，具有一种庄严肃穆的感觉。A. brought带来，引起；B. took拿走，花费；C. carried携带，具有；D. fetched去取。根据后文“a sense of solemnity(庄严的感觉)”可知，庄严是拉萨具有的特点。故选C项。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：僧侣们诵经，增添了一丝宗教的庄严。A. bit小量，小块；B. part部分，零件；C. piece张，块，片；D. touch触觉，一点。根据前文“Monks chanted scriptures(僧侣们诵经)”可知，僧侣们诵经给这里增添了一点宗教的仪式感。“a touch of”有“一点，一丝”含义。故选D项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：唐卡画的展出，充满了深厚的宗教意义，揭示了深厚的藏族文化。A. revealed透露，显示；B. rejected拒绝，不同意；C. remembered记住，记忆；D. removed移开，去除。根据前文“The display of Thangka paintings, filled with deep religious meaning(唐卡画的展示，充满了深刻的宗教意义)”可知，唐卡画显示了藏族文化中独具特色的艺术形式。故选A项。
2（2025·四川省成都市高三月考）
体裁：说明文 词数：251 话题：红十字运动的起源与发展 难度：★★★☆☆
Today we’re celebrating the Red Cross Movement. We celebrate the values of the Red Cross including supporting the most 1 and strengthening communities. We celebrate showing humanity among inhumanity.
World Red Cross Day is celebrated 2 the man on May 8th who had a 3 that started the Red Cross Movement.
Henry Dunant was the man with that vision. In 1859, outside of Solferino in Italy, the French and Austrian armies were fighting and Henry witnessed the 4 of soldiers becoming wounded and dying. Finding the military surgeons could never deal with the wounded soldiers on both sides, Henry 5 a temporary hospital to help the injured. In1862, Henry wrote a book Memory of Solferino recommending that every country should create a neutral and 6 body of helpers who could provide 7 during war. Shortly after, he and a few others created the ICRC, International Committee of the Red Cross, and the 8 was born.
In 1864, the first Geneva Convention (日内瓦公约) was created, whose aim is to guide the rules of 9 . It includes 10 those who don’t take part in fighting and those who can no longer 11 .
Today, around the world, there are about 200 National Societies that are working to help the most fragile during 12 , strengthen communities’ health and preparedness, and 13 action when conflict arises. A(n) 14 vision from over a century ago, to show humanity and to make one another 15 in a time of hardship, still lives on today.
1．A．hopeless B．fragile C．upset D．inhuman
2．A．in honour of B．at the sight of C．on behalf of D．with the help of
3．A．try B．vision C．reason D．talent
4．A．incidents B．results C．possibilities D．horrors
5．A．found B．established C．contacted D．decorated
6．A．amateur B．profitable C．independent D．temporary
7．A．comfort B．fund C．accommodation D．care
8．A．hospital B．country C．movement D．concept
9．A．war B．games C．evidence D．operations
10．A．curing B．protecting C．entertaining D．calming
11．A．survive B．suffer C．fight D．escape
12．A．disasters B．arguments C．negotiations D．trials
13．A．comment on B．give up C．agree about D．spring into
14．A．common B．alternative C．simple D．artistic
15．A．smile B．explore C．reflect D．approve
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 13．D 14．C 15．A
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述的是红十字运动的起源与发展，及其创始人亨利·杜南特的远见卓识，强调该组织在全球范围内对脆弱群体的支持与社区强化工作。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们颂扬红十字会的价值观，包括支持最脆弱的人群和加强社区建设。A. hopeless无望的；B. fragile脆弱的；C. upset难过的；D. inhuman不人道的。根据后文“there are about 200 National Societies that are working to help the most fragile”可知，红十字会致力于帮助最脆弱的人群。故选B。
2．考查介词短语辨析。句意：世界红十字日是为了纪念5月8日那位有远见的人而设立的，他的愿景开启了红十字运动。A. in honour of为了纪念；B. at the sight of一看到；C. on behalf of代表；D. with the help of在……的帮助下。根据后文“the man on May 8th who had a ________ that started the Red Cross Movement.”可知，世界红十字日是为了纪念那位开启红十字运动的人。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：世界红十字日是为了纪念5月8日那位有愿景的人而设立的，他的愿景开启了红十字运动。A. try尝试；B. vision愿景；C. reason原因；D. talent才能。根据后文“Henry Dunant was the man with that vision”可知，此处指的是那位有愿景的人。故选B。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1859年，在意大利的索尔费里诺郊外，法国和奥地利军队正在交战，亨利目睹了士兵们受伤和死亡的恐怖景象。A. incidents事件；B. results结果；C. possibilities可能性；D. horrors恐怖。根据前文“the French and Austrian armies were fighting”以及后文“becoming wounded and dying”可知，战争导致士兵受伤和死亡，这是一幅恐怖的景象。故选D。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：发现军医永远无法处理双方的伤员后，亨利建立了一个临时医院来帮助伤员。A. found发现；B. established建立；C. contacted联系；D. decorated装饰。根据后文“a temporary hospital to help the injured”可知，亨利建立了一个临时医院。故选B。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：1862年，亨利写了一本书《索尔费里诺回忆录》，建议每个国家都应该建立一个中立且独立的救助机构，以便在战争期间提供援助。A. amateur业余的；B. profitable有利可图的；C. independent独立的；D. temporary暂时的。根据前文“neutral”可知，此处指的是这个救助机构应该是“独立的”，不受任何一方控制。故选C。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1862年，亨利写了一本书《索尔费里诺回忆录》，建议每个国家都应该建立一个中立且独立的救助机构，以便在战争期间提供援助。A. comfort安慰；B. fund资金；C. accommodation住宿；D. care照顾。根据前文“a neutral and ________ body of helpers”可知，这个救助机构是为了在战争期间提供援助的。故选D。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：不久后，他和另外几个人创建了国际红十字委员会（ICRC），红十字运动由此诞生。A. hospital医院；B. country国家；C. movement运动；D. concept概念。根据前文“he and a few others created the ICRC, International Committee of the Red Cross”可知，此处指的是红十字运动的诞生。故选C。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：1864年，第一个日内瓦公约诞生，其目的是指导战争规则。A. war战争；B. games游戏；C. evidence证据；D. operations手术。根据后文“during war”可知，此处指的是战争规则。故选A。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它包括保护那些不参与战斗的人和那些不能再战斗的人。A. curing治愈；B. protecting保护；C. entertaining娱乐；D. calming平静。根据后文“those who don’t take part in fighting and those who can no longer ________.”可知，日内瓦公约的目的是保护那些不参与战斗的人和那些不能再战斗的人。故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它包括保护那些不参与战斗的人和那些不能再战斗的人。A. survive幸存；B. suffer遭受；C. fight战斗；D. escape逃跑。根据前文“those who don’t take part in fighting”可知，此处指的是那些不能再战斗的人。故选C。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天，全世界大约有200个国家协会致力于在灾难期间帮助最脆弱的人群。A. disasters灾难；B. arguments争论；C. negotiations谈判；D. trials试验。根据后文“strengthen communities’ health and preparedness”可知，这些国家协会致力于在灾难期间提供帮助。故选A。
13．考查动词短语辨析。句意：加强社区的健康和准备工作，并在冲突发生时迅速采取行动。A. comment on评论；B. give up放弃；C. agree about对……有相同的看法；D. spring into迅速行动。根据前文“and strengthen communities’ health and preparedness”以及后文“when conflict arises”可知，这些国家协会在冲突发生时也会迅速采取行动。故选D。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一个多世纪前的一个简单愿景，即在困难时期展现人性，让彼此微笑，至今仍然存在。A. common普通的；B. alternative替代的；C. simple简单的；D. artistic艺术的。根据前文“to show humanity and to make one another ________ in a time of hardship”可知，这是一个简单的愿景，即在困难时期展现人性，让彼此微笑。故选C。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：一个多世纪前的一个简单愿景，即在困难时期展现人性，让彼此微笑，至今仍然存在。A. smile微笑；B. explore探索；C. reflect反思；D. approve批准。根据前文“to show humanity”可知，这个愿景是在困难时期展现人性，让彼此微笑。故选A。
3.（2025·吉林省松原市高三第三次考试）
体裁：说明文 词数：220 话题：鱼的象征意义 难度：★★★☆☆
In traditional Chinese culture, fish has rich meanings. It 1 wealth. Fish also stands for harmony and happy marriages 2 they multiply rapidly and sometimes swim in pairs. Fish is an important 3 in traditional values and are among the signs showing that something is 4 to be successful. The most popular fish theme found in Chinese art and 5 is that of the carp (鲤鱼). The 6 of “boneless” techniques makes the swimming fish more real and convincing. Known to most Westerners as koi fish (锦鲤), the Chinese carp has 7 symbolic values within Chinese culture. The carp is a powerful symbol of 8 . The scales and whisker (须) of the carp is 9 to that of a dragon, a great symbol of power in China. During the Spring Festival “lucky money” is 10 in red envelopes decorated with a carp and symbols of long life 11 peaches and pine trees. There are many different 12 of the carp, with the major ones being black, white, red and yellow.
“You are not 13 , so how would you know the happiness of fish ” Chuang Tsu created this famous saying when he 14 an issue with Hui Tsu. The message of the story is that someone has his own enjoyment while others can 15 appreciate that.
1．A．produces B．spreads C．represents D．determines
2．A．so B．because C．unless D．though
3．A．picture B．animal C．food D．symbol
4．A．used B．afraid C．forced D．likely
5．A．technology B．culture C．transport D．education
6．A．identity B．application C．shortcoming D．insurance
7．A．selfless B．peaceful C．numerous D．informal
8．A．beauty B．strength C．smartness D．wisdom
9．A．helpful B．true C．similar D．rude
10．A．given out B．taken away C．cut off D．used up
11．A．such as B．as a result of C．owing to D．in front of
12．A．names B．owners C．shelters D．colours
13．A．fish B．history C．water D．air
14．A．wrote B．tested C．performed D．discussed
15．A．always B．easily C．never D．mostly
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．D 5．B 6．B 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．D 15．C
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国传统文化中鱼的象征意义，例如代表财富和幸福的婚姻，而最受欢迎的当属鲤鱼，代表力量和好运，并提到了庄子和惠子讨论中的“子非鱼，安知鱼之乐？”，强调了不同个体的独特快乐。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它代表财富。A. produces生产；B. spreads传播；C. represents代表；D. determines决定。根据下文“Fish also stands for harmony and happy marriages”可知，此处是介绍鱼的各种含义，应该指它代表财富。故选C。
2．考查连词词义辨析。句意：鱼也代表着和谐和幸福的婚姻，因为它们繁殖迅速，有时成对游动。A. so所以；B. because因为；C. unless除非；D. though尽管。根据上文“Fish also stands for harmony and happy marriages”和下文“they multiply rapidly and sometimes swim in pairs”可知，前后是因果关系，前为结果，后为原因，应用because“因为”连接。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鱼在传统价值观中是一个重要的象征，也是表明某事可能成功的标志之一。A. picture图片；B. animal动物；C. food食物；D. symbol象征。根据下文“are among the signs”可知，鱼是某件事的标志之一，因此是指在传统价值观中是一个重要的象征。故选D。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鱼在传统价值观中是一个重要的象征，也是表明某事可能成功的标志之一。A. used使用过的；B. afraid害怕的；C. forced被迫的；D. likely可能的。根据上文“the signs showing that something is”和下文“to be successful”可推知，这些标志表明某事可能成功，短语be likely to do意为“有可能做某事”。故选D。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在中国艺术和文化中，最受欢迎的鱼的主题是鲤鱼。A. technology技术；B. culture文化；C. transport运输；D. education教育。根据上文“Fish is an important _____ in traditional values”可知，鱼在传统价值观中有重要地位，与此呼应的应该是中国艺术和文化。故选B。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“无骨”技术的运用，使游动的鱼更真实、更有说服力。A. identity身份；B. application运用；C. shortcoming缺点；D. insurance保险。根据下文“of “boneless” techniques makes the swimming fish more real and convincing”可推知，能让游动的鱼更真实、更有说服力的应该是“无骨”技术的运用。故选B。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：中国鲤鱼被大多数西方人称为锦鲤，在中国文化中具有多重象征价值。A. selfless无私的；B. peaceful和平的；C. numerous众多的；D. informal非正式的。下文“The carp is a powerful symbol of ______.”和“During the Spring Festival “lucky money” is ______ in red envelopes decorated with a carp and symbols of long life ______ peaches and pine trees.”列举了鲤鱼具体的象征意义，由此可知，它具有多重象征价值。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲤鱼是强大力量的象征。A. beauty美丽；B. strength力量；C. smartness机灵；D. wisdom智慧。根据下文“a great symbol of power in China”可推知，鲤鱼因为有与龙相近的部分特征，而被认为象征强大力量。故选B。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鲤鱼的鳞片和须与龙的相似，龙在中国是权力的象征。A. helpful有帮助的；B. true真的；C. similar相似的；D. rude粗鲁的。根据上文“The scales and whisker (须) of the carp”和下文“to that of a dragon”可推知，鲤鱼的鳞片和须与龙的相似，因此会被赋予一些龙具有的象征意味，短语be similar to意为“与……相似”。故选C。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：春节期间，“压岁钱”是装在装饰着鲤鱼和桃子、松树等长寿象征的红包里分发的。A. given out分发；B. taken away拿走；C. cut off切断；D. used up用完。根据上文“During the Spring Festival “lucky money” is”和下文“in red envelopes”可推知，春节期间，“压岁钱”是装在红包里分发的。故选A。
11．考查介词短语辨析。句意：春节期间，“压岁钱”是装在装饰着鲤鱼和桃子、松树等长寿象征的红包里分发的。A. such as例如；B. as a result of由于；C. owing to由于；D. in front of在……前面。根据上文“symbols of long life”和下文“peaches and pine trees”可推知，此处是进行列举，指例如桃子、松树等长寿的象征。故选A。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲤鱼有许多不同的颜色，主要有黑色、白色、红色和黄色。A. names名字；B. owners所有者；C. shelters庇护所；D. colours颜色。根据下文“with the major ones being black, white, red and yellow”可知，此处介绍鲤鱼的颜色，指它有许多不同的颜色。故选D。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“子非鱼，安知鱼之乐？”庄子在与惠子讨论一个问题时创造了这句名言。A. fish鱼；B. history历史；C. water水；D. air空气。根据下文“so how would you know the happiness of fish”可知，此处是以鱼来作类比，表明认知的局限性，指“子非鱼”。故选A。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“子非鱼，安知鱼之乐？”庄子在与惠子讨论一个问题时创造了这句名言。A. wrote写；B. tested测试；C. performed表演；D. discussed讨论。根据下文“an issue with Hui Tsu”可推知，庄子是在与惠子讨论一个问题，短语discuss sth. with sb.意为“与某人讨论某事”。故选D。
15．考查副词词义辨析。句意：这个故事传达的信息是，有些人有自己的快乐，而其他人却永远无法欣赏。A. always总是；B. easily容易地；C. never从不；D. mostly大部分。根据上文“so how would you know the happiness of fish”可知，不是鱼的“你”无法知晓鱼的快乐，由此可知，这个故事告诉我们有些人有自己的快乐，而其他人却永远无法欣赏。故选C。
4.（2025·黑龙江省大庆市实验中学高三期中）
体裁：说明文 词数：259 话题：“断舍离”的含义 难度：★★★☆☆
During the Nov. 11 shopping event, many people tend to buy more than they need because of sales and promotion or just a plain urge. But what normally 1 the shopping madness is not 2 but regret. That’s because many people just buy things to fill the emptiness in their hearts, but accumulating things actually 3 the burden in their minds.
The concept of Danshari may provide a(n) 4 to the problem. Danshari is based on three Chinese characters, duan she li, 5 refusal, disposal and separation. It promotes the idea of removing 6 things and separating oneself from the drive to own 7 possessions. There are two basic rules that 8 whether you should keep something — the relationship between you and the item under 9 as well as the timing. So before you 10 your payment password for something, ask yourself two questions: Do I need it now Does it suit me
Danshari encourages you not only to 11 things, but to give up the unreasonable desire associated with owning them. Nowadays, people need to learn to 12 their daily lives. Buy only the necessities and suitable items, regularly 13 things you don’t need any more, and then you’ll get freedom in your heart.
However, it doesn’t mean that you should kill your desire and live a less interesting life. Instead, you should 14 yourself rather than material goods. Through 15 what to buy and what to throw away, you can see a deeper reflection of yourself, therefore learning to make wise decisions about more important things.
1．A．prevents B．promotes C．starts D．follows
2．A．satisfaction B．wealth C．relief D．expectation
3．A．measures B．covers C．relieves D．indicates
4．A．limit B．alternative C．solution D．introduction
5．A．abolishing B．meaning C．violating D．predicting
6．A．unnecessary B．temporary C．used D．updated
7．A．private B．valuable C．material D．popular
8．A．prove B．permit C．decide D．affect
9．A．guarantee B．control C．discussion D．consideration
10．A．change B．enter C．provide D．create
11．A．get over B．get along with C．get rid of D．get through
12．A．fix B．risk C．enrich D．simplify
13．A．discover B．recycle C．cherish D．abandon
14．A．reflect on B．focus on C．give up D．cheer up
15．A．choosing B．avoiding C．comparing D．mentioning
【答案】
1．D 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．D 13．D 14．B 15．A
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“断舍离”的含义，在购物东西的时候要问自己是否需要，是否适合自己，只买自己需要和适合自己的东西。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但疯狂购物之后通常会出现的不是满足，而是后悔。 A. prevents阻止；B. promotes促进；提倡；升职；促销；C. starts开始；启动；发动；D. follows跟随；追逐；从事。根据上文“During the Nov. 11 shopping event, many people tend to buy more than they need because of sales and promotion or just a plain urge.”以及空后“the shopping madness is not _______ but regret.”可知，此处指的是在双十一疯狂购物之后接下来的就是后悔，故选D。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但疯狂购物之后通常会出现的不是满足，而是后悔。A. satisfaction满意；满足；B. wealth财富；大量；C. relief宽慰；缓解；救济品；D. expectation期望；盼望。根据空前“But what normally ________ the shopping madness is not”以及空后的“but regret.”可知此处指的是指双十一疯狂购物之后紧接着是后悔，而不是满足，故选A项。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是因为很多人买东西只是为了填补他们内心的空虚，而积累东西实际上表明了他们内心的负担。A. measures测量；B. covers覆盖；包含；涉及；C. relieves减轻；D. indicates表明；暗示；象征。根据空后“the burden in their minds”可知此处指的是疯狂的购买表明了人们内心的负担，故选D项。
4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：“断舍离”这个概念可能给这个问题提供了一个解决方案。A. limit局限性；限制；B. alternative选择；替代物；C. solution解决办法；解答；D. introduction介绍；引见。根据空后“to the problem”可知此处指“断舍离”是解决问题的办法。a solution to the problem意为“问题的解决方法”，故选C项。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：断舍离是由三个汉字组成的，意思是拒绝、处置和分离。A. abolishing废除；取消；B. meaning意味着；打算；C. violating违背；D. predicting预测；预报。根据空后“refusal, disposal and separation.”可知此处是对“断舍离”进行解释，所以meaning“意味着”符合语境，故选B项。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提倡去除不必要的东西，并将自己从拥有物质财富的驱动力中分离出来。A. unnecessary不必要的；B. temporary暂时的；C. used用过的；习惯于；D. updated更新的；现代化的。根据空前“It promotes the idea of removing”可知此处指的“断舍离”的意思是除去不必要的东西，故选A项。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：它提倡去除不必要的东西，并将自己从拥有物质财富的驱动力中分离出来。A. private私有的；秘密的；私下里的；B. valuable有价值的；珍贵的；C. material物质的；D. popular受欢迎的；普遍的；通俗的。根据空后的“possessions”可知此处指的是物质财富，故选C项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：决定你是否应该保留某样东西有两个基本原则——你和你所考虑的东西之间的关系以及时机。A. prove证明；B. permit允许；批准；C. decide决定；使下决心；D. affect影响。根据空后“whether you should keep something — the relationship between you and the item under _______ as well as the timing. So before you ________ your payment password for something, ask yourself two questions: Do I need it now Does it suit me ”可知此处指的是你和你所考虑的东西之间的关系以及时机是决定某样东西是否应该保留下来的因素，故选C项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：决定你是否应该保留某样东西有两个基本原则——你和你所考虑的东西之间的关系以及时机。A. guarantee保证；保质期；B. control控制；管理；C. discussion讨论；D. consideration考虑。根据空前“the item under”可知此处表示你所考虑的去留的东西，under consideration“在考虑中”，故选D项。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以在你输入支付密码之前，问自己两个问题：我现在需要它吗？它适合我吗？A. change变化；改变；更换；B. enter输入；进入；报名参加；C. provide提供；D. create创造。根据空后的“our payment password for something”可知此处指的是输入支付密码，故选B项。
11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“断舍离”鼓励你不仅要摆脱东西，还要放弃与拥有它们相关的不合理欲望。A. get over克服；恢复；B. get along with与某人相处；C. get rid of舍弃；除去；D. get through完成；熬过。根据上文“refusal, disposal and separation. It promotes the idea of removing ________ things”可知此处指的是“断舍离”鼓励我们摆脱某种东西，故选C项。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如今，人们需要学会简化他们的日常生活。A. fix修理；安排；处理；B. risk冒险；C. enrich使富裕；使富有；D. simplify简化。根据后文“their daily lives. Buy only the necessities and suitable items, regularly _______ things you don’t need any more,”可知此处指的是人们要指购买必须的东西，丢掉那些不必要的东西，即简化生活，故选 D项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：只买必需品和合适的东西，经常扔掉不再需要的东西，你就会得到内心的自由。A. discover发现；B. recycle回收利用；循环利用；C. cherish珍惜；D. abandon放弃；遗弃。根据前文“Danshari encourages you not only to ________ things,”以及空后“things you don’t need any more”以及后文“what to throw away,”可知简化生活就是要丢掉不再需要的东西，故选D项。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：相反，你应该关注自己，而不是物质财富。A. reflect on反思；反省；B. focus on专注于；集中于；C. give up 放弃；D. cheer up使高兴起来。根据空前“However, it doesn’t mean that you should kill your desire and live a less interesting life. Instead, you should”可知此处指的是关注自己，故选B项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：通过选择买什么和扔掉什么，你可以更深入地了解自己，从而学会在更重要的事情上做出明智的决定。A. choosing选择；B. avoiding避免；防止；C. comparing比较；对照；D. mentioning提到；提及。根据空后“what to buy and what to throw away”可知此处指的是在买什么和扔掉什么方面作选择，故选A项。
5.（2025·辽宁省名校联盟（东北三省三校）高三上联合）
体裁：说明文 词数：250 话题：互动小说 难度：★★★☆☆
An interactive novel is a text with which the reader can interact. The most 1 type of interactive fiction involves 2 the direction of a story from a set number of options. Interactions in this case involve deciding which of the presented 3 the reader would like to follow. In some of these novels, there is an end that is , in contrast to ends where the adorable character dies.
Although most people are familiar with the basic type of interactive novel, interactions beyond this basic structure are also possible, 4 , novels can be guided by readers because the novels are 5 with the author actively 6 the story based on interactions. 7 , a novel can be played like a game, with the reader inputting commands or 8 to the story. This type of novel is particularly popular for online and 9 literature because the technical capacities of these formats are 10 to interactions.
An interactive novel can also be 11 , in which no particular path wins or loses. In many cases, this type of novel is explained as a type of environment in which the reader can 12 . Collaborative (合作的) interactive novels are slightly more complicated. Novels that include reader input and multimedia options are often included in this 13 .
With future technology, there may someday be 14 even in the way that the information is presented to readers, and people may read on special devices designed specifically for this type of literature.
1．A．common B．efficient C．beneficial D．suitable
2．A．saving B．removing C．choosing D．separating
3．A．words B．options C．plans D．fashions
4．A．possible B．sudden C．practical D．desirable
5．A．For example B．After all C．By the way D．On the contrary
6．A．confusing B．ongoing C．entertaining D．convincing
7．A．spreading B．understanding C．predicting D．changing
8．A．Alternatively B．Secretly C．Strangely D．Luckily
9．A．turning B．referring C．adding D．agreeing
10．A．classical B．electronic C．modern D．printed
11．A．favorable B．fundamental C．harmful D．opposite
12．A．soul-destroying B．pain-relieving
C．ready-made D．open-ended
13．A．remember B．copy C．explore D．improve
14．A．process B．sample C．package D．category
15．A．instructions B．innovations C．services D．challenges
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A 6．B 7．D 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．D 15．B
【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要解释了什么是互动小说，以及其书写方式的特点。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最常见的互动小说类型包括从一系列选项中选择故事的方向。A. common共同的，常见的；B. efficient生效的；C. beneficial有益的；D. suitable合适的。上文“An interactive novel is a text with which the reader can interact.(互动小说是读者可以与之互动的文本)”引出互动小说话题，后文“type of interactive fiction”说明的是常见的类型。故选A。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：最常见的互动小说类型包括从一系列选项中选择故事的方向。A. saving挽救；B. removing去除；C. choosing选择；D. separating分开。根据后文“the direction of a story from a set number of options”可知，互动小说要从一系列选项中选择故事的方向，为choose from。故选C。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在这种情况下，交互包括决定读者想要遵循的呈现选项。A. words话语；B. options选择；C. plans计划；D. fashions时尚。上文提到互动小说要从一系列选项中选择故事的方向，即读者要决定呈现选项。故选B。
4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在其中一些小说中，有一个令人向往的结局，与可爱的角色死亡的结局形成鲜明对比。A. possible可能的；B. sudden突然的；C. practical实际的；D. desirable令人向往的。根据后文“in contrast to ends where the adorable character dies”可知，要形成鲜明对比，说明是有一个令人向往的结局，与可爱的角色死亡的结局。故选D。
5．考查介词短语辨析。句意：例如，小说可以被读者引导，因为小说是不断进行的，作者根据互动积极地改变故事。A. For example例如；B. After all毕竟；C. By the way顺便说一下；D. On the contrary相反地。上文“Although most people are familiar with the basic type of interactive novel, interactions beyond this basic structure are also possible.(尽管大多数人都熟悉互动小说的基本类型，但超越这种基本结构的互动也是可能的)”指出超越这种基本结构的互动也是可能的，后文主要是对此进行举例论证。故选A。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：例如，小说可以被读者引导，因为小说是不断进行的，作者根据互动积极地改变故事。A. confusing令人困惑的；B. ongoing仍在进行的；C. entertaining使人愉快的；D. convincing令人信服的。根据上文“novels can be guided by readers because the novels are”可知，小说可以被引导是因为是不断进行的。故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，小说可以被读者引导，因为小说是不断进行的，作者根据互动积极地改变故事。A. spreading传播；B. understanding理解；C. predicting预测；D. changing改变。根据上文“novels can be guided by readers”可知，作者根据读者的互动改变故事。故选D。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：另外，小说也可以像玩游戏一样，由读者输入指令或添加故事内容。A. Alternatively二者择一地；B. Secretly秘密地；C. Strangely奇怪地；D. Luckily幸运地。后文“a novel can be played like a game”是互动小说的另一种书写方式，Alternatively表示“（引出第二种选择或可能的建议）要不，或者”符合语境。故选A。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：另外，小说也可以像玩游戏一样，由读者输入指令或添加故事内容。A. turning转弯；B. referring提及；C. adding增加；D. agreeing同意。根据上文“the reader inputting commands or”指读者输入指令或添加故事内容。故选C。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种类型的小说在网络和电子文学中特别受欢迎，因为这些格式的技术能力有利于互动。A. classical经典的；B. electronic电子的；C. modern现代的；D. printed印刷的。与上文“for online and”中online并列的是电子文学，故选B。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这种类型的小说在网络和电子文学中特别受欢迎，因为这些格式的技术能力有利于互动。A. favorable支持的，有利的；B. fundamental基础的；C. harmful有害的；D. opposite相反的。根据上文“literature because the technical capacities of these formats are”可知，这种类型的小说在网络和电子文学中特别受欢迎，因为这些格式的技术能力有利于（be favorable to）互动。故选A。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：互动小说也可以是开放式的，没有特定的输赢路径。A. soul-destroying十分单调的；B. pain-relieving止痛的；C. ready-made现成的；D. open-ended开放式的。根据后文“no particular path wins or loses(没有特定的输赢路径)”可知，互动小说也可以是开放式的。故选D。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在许多情况下，这种类型的小说被解释为一种读者可以探索的环境。A. remember记得；B. copy复制；C. explore探索；D. improve改善。上文提到开放式的互动小说没有特定的输赢路径，即可以为一种读者可以探索的环境。故选C。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：包含读者输入和多媒体选项的小说通常包括在这一类中。A. process程序；B. sample样品；C. package包裹；D. category种类。根据上文“Collaborative interactive novels are slightly more complicated.(协作互动小说则稍微复杂一些)”指读者输入和多媒体选项的小说包含在协作互动小说这个类型里，故选D。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了未来的技术，也许有一天会有创新——甚至是在信息呈现给读者的方式上，人们可能会在专门为这类文学设计的特殊设备上阅读。A. instructions指导；B. innovations创新；C. services服务；D. challenges挑战。根据后文“people may read on special devices designed specifically for this type of literature”以及上文“With future technology”可知，未来技术可以提供创新。故选B。
完形填空之议论文（最新模拟）
1.（2025·湖南省长郡二十校联盟高三第二次预热演练）
体裁：议论文 词数：263 话题：人与社会——帮助孩子们享受阅读的快乐 难度：★★★☆☆
Imagining a human being without historical sense is scary. 781 still is the thought of an entire generation operating from a position of historical ignorance. And yet that is exactly the 782 in which we find ourselves today.
The people and events of history may be 783 in the past, but how we talk about those things, what we write about them, and how we 784 them tell us a lot about who we are and what we 785 right now. Thinking of ourselves as a chapter in an unwritten history book is likely to force deep 786 . Whose stories will we champion What values will we defend What models will we offer ensuing (随后的) generations No other subject helps us to understand so 787 what it is to be human.
But the 788 isn’t entirely surprising given the downgraded status of history in most schools. History is 789 its place in the curriculum with geography, but its attention to time, place and context is what makes it really 790 . In other words, history doesn’t simply tell us how to be good citizens. It 791 us with the knowledge we need to comprehend our world clearly, and the ability to 792 it accurately.
Clearly, in an age of “fake news”, we need to be 793 thinkers. There is no better subject than history to develop a(n) 794 of context and an ability to examine evidence. Just as we anticipate a math curriculum that systematically builds on blocks of knowledge, we should also 795 a logical history curriculum for our children.
781．A．Funnier B．Scarier C．Rarer D．Harder
782．A．situation B．atmosphere C．relationship D．experience
783．A．transformed B．rooted C．understood D．absorbed
784．A．compose B．design C．teach D．record
785．A．abandon B．possess C．witness D．value
786．A．self-awareness B．self-control C．self-reflection D．self-management
787．A．comprehensively B．instantly C．readily D．independently
788．A．argument B．comment C．conclusion D．ignorance
789．A．getting back B．fighting for C．holding onto D．putting aside
790．A．precise B．convincing C．distinct D．boring
791．A．equips B．connects C．motivates D．impresses
792．A．develop B．control C．analyze D．show
793．A．leading B．critical C．modern D．optimistic
794．A．appreciation B．evaluation C．vision D．belief
795．A．admit B．identify C．follow D．expect
【答案】
781．B 782．A 783．B 784．C 785．D 786．C 787．A 788．D 789．B 790．C 791．A 792．C 793．B 794．A 795．D
【来源】江苏省南通如皋市2024-2025学年高三上学期期中考试英语试题
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了历史教育的重要性，呼吁加强历史课程以培养批判性思维和理解能力。
781．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：想到整个一代人对历史无知是更让人害怕的事。A. Funnier更滑稽的；B. Scarier更令人害怕的；C. Rarer更罕见的；D. Harder更困难的。根据上文“Imagining a human being without historical sense is scary.(想象一个人没有历史感让人害怕)”可知，整个一代人都对历史无知会更加让人害怕。故选B。
782．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，这正是我们今天所处的状况。A. situation情况；B. atmosphere气氛；C. relationship关系；D. experience经验。根据空前“And yet that is exactly the”所描述内容可以推断出，这正是我们当前所面临的状况。故选A。
783．考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史上的人物和事件可能植根于过去，但我们如何谈论这些事情、我们写什么以及我们如何教授它们告诉我们很多关于我们是谁以及我们现在看重什么的信息。A. transformed改变；B. rooted根植；C. understood理解；D. absorbed吸收。根据空后“in the past”以及“The people and events of history”与“in the past”之间关系可知，此处指历史人物和事件是根植于过去。故选B。
784．考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史上的人物和事件可能植根于过去，但我们如何谈论这些事情、我们写什么以及我们如何教授它们告诉我们很多关于我们是谁以及我们现在看重什么的信息。A. compose创作；B. design设计；C. teach教授；D. record记录。分析句子可知，此处是并列的三个主语从句，上文“talk”和“write”，这里用“教授”更符合语境。故选C。
785．考查动词词义辨析。句意：历史上的人物和事件可能植根于过去，但我们如何谈论这些事情、我们写什么以及我们如何教授它们告诉我们很多关于我们是谁以及我们现在看重什么的信息。A. abandon抛弃；B. possess拥有；C. witness见证；D. value重视。根据句意“what we 5 right now”更符合我们当前所看重的是什么,所以故选D。
786．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把我们自己看作是一本未写历史书中的一章，很可能会引发深刻的自我反思。A. self-awareness自我意识；B. self-control自我控制；C. self-reflection自我反思；D. self-management自我管理。根据句意以及上文“Thinking of ourselves”文中的深刻指的更加强调反思，故选C。
787．考查副词词义辨析。句意：没有任何其它学科能比历史更全面地帮助我们了解什么是做人。A. comprehensively全面地；B. instantly立即；C. readily容易地；D. independently独立地。分析句子可知，空处需要副词修饰前文的understand，这里指比历史全面的没有。故选A。
788．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但这种无知并不完全令人感到意外，因为在大多数学校中，历史课程的地位被降级了。A. argument争论；B. comment评论；C. conclusion结论；D. ignorance无知。根据上文“historical ignorance”可知，指人们对于历史的无知。故选D。
789．考查动词词组辨析。句意：历史正在为其在课程中的位置与地理课争夺，但历史关注时间，地点和背景这点正是使其与众不同的原因。A. getting back回来；B. fighting for争斗；C. holding onto紧握；D. putting aside放一边。根据下文“its place”可知，历史为其在课程中的位置而争斗。故选B。
790．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：历史正在为其在课程中的位置与地理课争夺，但历史关注时间，地点和背景这点正是使其与众不同的原因。A. precise精确的；B. convincing令人信服的；C. distinct明显的，独特的；D. boring乏味的。根据上文“its attention to time, place and context”可知，此处指的是历史课程相对于其他课程是独特的。故选C。
791．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它使我们拥有理解清楚世界所需的知识，以及准确分析它的能力。A. equips装备；B. connects连接；C. motivates激励；D. impresses打动。根根据上文“tell us how to be good citizens”以及下文“us with the knowledg”可知，历史课程是用来给予我们知识和能力，用equips最适合。故选A。
792．考查动词词义辨析。句意：它使我们拥有理解清楚世界所需的知识，以及准确分析它的能力。A. develop发展；B. control控制；C. analyze分析；D. show展示。根据前文“comprehend our world clearly”可知，指出这里的是准确分析世界。故选C。
793．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：显然，在“假新闻”时代，我们需要批判性思维者。A. leading领先的；B. critical批判的，苛刻的；C. modern现代的；D. optimistic乐观的。根据句意指出新闻谣言中需要批判性思维者。故选B。
794．考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有任何学科能像历史这样培养对背景的鉴赏能力和寻找证据的能力了。A. appreciation欣赏；B. evaluation评价，评估；C. vision视野，远见；D. belief信仰。根据上文“critical thinkers”以及下文“examine evidence”可知，指出这里表示对背景的鉴赏。故选A。
795．考查动词词组辨析。句意：就像我们期望数学课程系统地建立在知识块的基础上一样，我们也应该期待为我们的孩子制定一个合乎逻辑的历史课程。A. admit承认；B. identify鉴定，确定；C. follow跟随；D. expect期待。根据上文“anticipate a math curriculum”可知，空处指要期待合乎逻辑的历史课程。故选D。
2.（2025·四川省内江市第六中学高三入学考试）
体裁：议论文 词数：255 话题：旅行以滋养心灵 难度：★★★☆☆
Travel is not a reasonable activity. It makes no 1 to squeeze (挤) yourself into a small seat to go to a distant place where you don’t 2 the language or know the customs. All is at great 3 . If we 4 to do a cost-benefit analysis, we’d never go anywhere. Yet we do.
That’s one reason why I’m 5 about travel’s future. In fact, I’d argue travel is an essential activity, like books and hugs, which are food for the 6 . Right now, we’re between courses, enjoying where we’ve been and anticipating (期盼) where we’ll go.
In our rush to 7 to the world, we should be mindful of the impact of mass 8 on the planet. Now is the time to accept the fundamental values of 9 tourism and let them guide our future 10 . Go off the beaten path. Stay longer in destinations. And 11 that the whole point of getting out there is to see the differences that make the world so 12 .
So go ahead and 13 that trip. It’s good. Plotting a trip is 14 as enjoyable as actually taking one. Anticipation is its own reward. I’ve 15 first-hand the happiness of anticipatory travel. My wife, not usually a fan of travel photography, now spends hours on Instagram, staring longingly at photos of mountains and rice fields. “What’s going on ” I asked one day. “They’re just absolutely amazing,” she replied. “They make me remember that there is a big, beautiful world out there.”
1．A．mistake B．secret C．sense D．attempt
2．A．doubt B．speak C．choose D．teach
3．A．expense B．length C．risk D．speed
4．A．pretended B．promised C．refused D．stopped
5．A．curious B．worried C．confident D．wrong
6．A．family B．soul C．day D．future
7．A．add B．apply C．return D．compare
8．A．tourism B．media C．production D．market
9．A．official B．formal C．comfortable D．sustainable
10．A．lectures B．journeys C．meals D．interviews
11．A．regret B．imagine C．reply D．remember
12．A．noisy B．colorful C．common D．dangerous
13．A．plan B．forget C．miss D．admit
14．A．shortly B．formerly C．nearly D．hardly
15．A．witnessed B．researched C．demanded D．promoted
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C 6．B 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．D 12．B 13．A 14．C 15．A
【解析】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了旅行的重要性，倡导可持续旅游，并鼓励人们规划旅行以滋养心灵。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：把自己挤进一个小座位，去一个你既不讲这种语言也不知道习俗的遥远地方，这毫无意义。A. mistake错误；B. secret秘密；C. sense意义，感觉；D. attempt尝试。根据后文“to squeeze (挤) yourself into a small seat to go to a distant place where you don’t ______ the language or know the customs”可知，此处指这种行为毫无意义。故选C。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. doubt怀疑；B. speak说；C. choose选择；D. teach教。根据“or know the customs”可知，在一个遥远的地方，你不讲当地的语言。故选B。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有这一切都花费很大。A. expense花费；B. length长度；C. risk风险；D. speed速度。根据后文的“cost-benefit analysis”可知，此处是指旅游花费大。故选A
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果我们停下来做成本效益分析，我们哪儿也不会去。A. pretended假装；B. promised承诺；C. refused拒绝；D. stopped停止。根据后文“we’d never go anywhere”可知，此处是指停下来做成本效益分析的话，就不会去任何地方。故选D。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这就是我对旅游的未来充满信心的原因之一。A. curious好奇的；B. worried担心的；C. confident有信心的；D. wrong错误的。根据后文“In fact, I’d argue travel is an essential activity”可知，作者对旅游的未来充满信心。故选C。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，我认为旅行是一种必要的活动，就像书籍和拥抱一样，是滋养灵魂的食物。A. family家庭；B. soul灵魂，心灵；C. day日子；D. future未来。根据前文的“like books and hugs”可知，书籍和拥抱都是滋养灵魂的，因此此处是指旅行也是滋养灵魂的食物。故选B。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们急于向世界回归的时候，我们应该意识到大众旅游对地球的影响。A. add增加；B. apply应用；C. return回归；D. compare比较。根据后文“we should be mindful of the impact of mass 8 on the planet”可知，此处是指人们急于回到世界旅行。故选C。
8．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. tourism旅游；B. media媒体；C. production生产；D. market市场。根据前文“the impact of”和后文“on the planet”以及下文“tourism”可知，此处是指大众旅游对地球的影响。故选A。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在是时候接受可持续旅游的基本价值观，让它们指导我们未来的旅程了。A. official官方的；B. formal正式的；C. comfortable舒适的；D. sustainable可持续的。根据后文“let them guide our future”可知，此处是指可持续旅游的基本价值观。故选D。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. lectures讲座；B. journeys旅程；C. meals餐食；D. interviews采访。根据前文“tourism and let them guide our future”可知，此处是指让这些可持续旅游的基本价值观指导我们未来的旅程。故选B。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：记住出去旅行的全部意义在于看到那些让世界如此多彩的差异。A. regret后悔；B. imagine想象；C. reply回复；D. remember记住。根据后文的“the whole point of getting out there is to see the differences”可知，此处是指记住出去旅行的意义。故选D。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. noisy吵闹的；B. colorful多彩的；C. common普通的；D. dangerous危险的。根据前文的“see the differences”可知，此处是指看到差异让世界多彩。故选B。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，继续计划你的旅行吧。A. plan计划；B. forget忘记；C. miss错过；D. admit承认。根据前文的“Go off the beaten path. Stay longer in destinations”及后文“Plotting a trip”可知，此处是指继续计划你的旅行。故选A。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：计划一次旅行几乎和真正去旅行一样令人愉快。A. shortly不久；B. formerly以前；C. nearly几乎；D. hardly几乎不。根据后文的“as enjoyable as actually taking one”可知，此处是指计划旅行几乎和真正去旅行一样令人愉快。故选C。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我已经亲眼见证了期待旅行的快乐。A. witnessed见证；B. researched研究；C. demanded要求；D. promoted促进。根据后文的“the happiness of anticipatory travel”可知，此处是指我亲眼见证了期待旅行的快乐。故选A。
3.（2025·辽宁省锦州市三测试）
体裁：议论文 词数：272 话题：询问孩子长大之后想成为什么对孩子有害 难度：★★★☆☆
“What do you want to be when you grow up ” When I was a kid, I 1 the question. Adults always seemed terribly disappointed that I wasn’t dreaming of becoming something grand or 2 , like an astronaut.
Now, as an organizational psychologist, my job is to fix other people’s jobs, and I’ve come to believe that asking youngsters that question does them 3 .
My first complaint about the question is that it 4 kids to define themselves in terms of work. If we define ourselves by our jobs, our 5 depends on what we achieve. So when you are asked what you want to be, it’s not socially 6 to say “A father” or “A mother”, let alone “A person of integrity”.
The second 7 is the implication that there is one calling (职业) out there for everyone. Research shows that 8 one leaves students feeling lost and 9 . After all, not everyone has that talent for grand jobs.
If you manage to 10 the above barriers, there is a third hurdle (难关) : careers rarely live up to your childhood 11 . In one study, looking for a(n) 12 job left college seniors feeling more anxious and less satisfied with the 13 . As Tim Urban writes, happiness is reality minus expectations. It’s clear how expectations 14 our perceived happiness. If you are looking for extreme happiness, you’re bound to be disappointed.
Asking kids what they want to be leads them to 15 a career identity they might never want to earn. Instead, invite them to think about the different things they might want to do.
1．A．considered B．feared C．explained D．recalled
2．A．average B．humble C．heroic D．romantic
3．A．harm B．good C．wrong D．honour
4．A．forces B．troubles C．commands D．forbids
5．A．status B．experience C．worth D．fame
6．A．rejected B．accurate C．confirmed D．acceptable
7．A．thought B．division C．assumption D．problem
8．A．picking up B．searching for C．praying for D．taking over
9．A．bored B．impatient C．intolerant D．confused
10．A．strengthen B．control C．build D．overcome
11．A．efforts B．struggles C．ambitions D．gains
12．A．ideal B．permanent C．ordinary D．specific
13．A．benefit B．outcome C．solution D．truth
14．A．boost B．contain C．guarantee D．affect
15．A．refuse B．claim C．keep D．ignore
【答案】
1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．D 7．D 8．B 9．D 10．D 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．B
【解析】这是一篇议论文。询问孩子长大之后想成为什么对孩子有害。文章论述了三方面的害处。作者建议，邀请孩子想想他们可能想做的其他事情。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我是个孩子时，我害怕这个问题。A. considered考虑；B. feared害怕；C. explained解释；D. recalled回想起。根据下文中的“Adults always seemed terribly disappointed that I wasn’t dreaming of becoming something grand or 　　　　　　, like an astronaut.”可知，成年人对作者的回答总是感到失望。所以作者很害怕被问到这个问题。他的回答让成年人不满意。故选B。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：大人们似乎总是非常失望，因为我没有梦想成为伟大或英雄的人物，比如宇航员。A. average平均的；B. humble谦虚的；C. heroic英雄的；D. romantic浪漫的。根据下文中的“like an astronaut”可知，宇航员属于伟大的或英雄般的人物。故选C。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，现在，作为一名组织心理学家，我的工作是修复其他人的工作，我开始相信，向年轻人提出这个问题对他们有害。A. harm伤害；B. good益处；C. wrong坏事；D. honor荣誉。根据下文中的“My first complaint about the question”可知，作者对这个问题心存抱怨。由此推知，这个问题对孩子们来说并不好，对他们会造成伤害。故选A。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我对这个问题的第一个抱怨是，它迫使孩子们用工作来定义自己。A. forces迫使；B. troubles使烦恼；C. commands命令；D. forbids禁止。结和上一题的解析和空前的“My first complaint about the question”可知，这个问题对孩子们有害。当问孩子们长大之后的梦想的时候，孩子们就被迫从工作角度来定义自己。故选A。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果我们用工作来定义自己，那么我们的价值就取决于我们的成就。A. status地位；B. experience经历，经验；C. worth价值；D. fame名声。根据上文“If we define ourselves by our jobs”可以推知，如果我们用工作来定义自己，那么，我们在工作中取得的成就决定了我们个人价值。工作好，成就高，个人价值就高。反之，工作不好，成就低，个人价值就低。故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以当你被问到你想成为什么样的人时，说“一个父亲”或“一个母亲”是不被社会接受的，更不用说“一个正直的人”了。A. rejected被拒绝的；B. accurate精确的；C. confirmed坚定的，被证实的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据上文“it 　　　　　 kids to define themselves in terms of work. If we define ourselves by our jobs, our 　　　　　 depends on what we achieve.”可知，当用工作来定义一个人的时候，个人价值取决于个人成就。所以，诸如“成为一个父亲”、“成为一个母亲”、或“成为一个正直的人”这样和工作毫无关系的回答显然是不符合期望，不被接受的。故选D。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：第二个问题是，这暗示着每个人都有一个使命。A. thought想法，思想；B. division除法，分配；C. assumption假设，认为；D. problem问题。结合上文中的“My first complaint about the question”和下文中的“If you manage to 　　　　　 the above barriers, there is a third hurdle”可知，第二、三、四段探讨的都是问孩子长大后要成为什么人产生的害处。因此，该空应该选择一个贬义词，表示询问孩子这个问题产生的问题或害处。故选D。
8．考查动词短语辨析。句意：研究表明，寻找一个使命让学生感到迷失和困惑。A. picking up捡起；B. searching for寻找，搜寻；C. praying for祈求，恳求；D. taking over接管。根据下文中的“not everyone has that talent for grand jobs”可知，对伟大使命的寻求会让学生感到迷惑。故选B。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：研究表明，寻找一个使命让学生感到迷失和困惑。A. bored厌烦的；B. impatient不耐烦的；C. intolerant无法忍受的；D. confused困惑的。该空和lost并列，意思应该和lost接近。结合上题解析，可知，对伟大使命的寻求让学生迷失和困惑。故选D。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果你成功克服了上述障碍，还有第三个障碍：职业生涯很少能达到你童年时的理想。A. strengthen增强；B. control控制；C. build建造；D. overcome克服。根据空前的“manage to”和后面的“there is a third hurdle”可知，该处应该指即使你可以克服前面提到的两个障碍，还有一个障碍你无法克服。故选D。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你成功克服了上述障碍，还有第三个障碍：职业生涯很少能达到你童年时的理想。A. efforts努力；B. struggles奋斗，难事；C. ambitions野心，雄心；D. gains收益。根据前文提到的问题“What do you want to be when you grow up ”可知，孩子们小时候经常被问到自己长大后的理想。但是长大之后做的职业很难实现童年地理想，即童年的雄心壮志。故选C。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一项研究中，寻找一份理想的工作让大四学生对这个结果感到更加焦虑和不太满意。 A. ideal理想的；B. permanent永久的；C. ordinary普通的； D. specific特定的，明确的。根据后面的“left college seniors feeling more anxious and less satisfied”可知，大四学生都想找一份理想的工作。但是找理想的工作不容易，所以他们焦虑，不满意。故选A。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在一项研究中，寻找一份理想的工作让大四学生对这个结果感到更加焦虑和不太满意。A. benefit益处，好处；B. outcome结果；C. solution解决办法； D. truth真相，事实。根据前文的“careers rarely live up to your childhood 　　　　　”可知，大四学生找不到理想工作，无法实现童年的梦想，学生们对这样的结果感到焦虑，不满意。故选B。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：很明显，期望会影响我们的幸福感。A. boost推动，使增长；B. contain包含，抑制；C. guarantee保证，确保；D. affect影响。根据上文中的“happiness is reality minus expectations”可知，现实总是和期望有差距的。因此，期望值过高，实现不了，就会影响幸福感。故选D。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：问孩子他们想成为什么，会让他们获得一种他们可能永远都不想获得的职业身份。A. refuse拒绝；B. claim获得，声称，索要；C. keep保持；D. ignore忽略，忽视。上文介绍了问“孩子他们想成为什么”这个问题所产生的三方面的危害。由此推知，问孩子这个问题会导致孩子获得一种他们可能永远都不想获得的职业身份。该空和后面的earn一致。故选B。
4.（2024·福建省福州市八县（市）一中高三联考）
体裁：议论文 词数：279 话题：名人演讲传递了错误的思想 难度：★★★☆☆
I used to find award show speeches inspiring when celebrities encouraged people to “chase their dreams.” However, as I grew older, I 1 the toxicity (毒性) behind this notion. Pursuing our dreams is not always easy due to various 2 . For instance, I 3 to be a singer but lacked the financial means to audition for competition shows. Later, my dream 4 to becoming a manga editor, but I faced 5 like language barriers, travel costs, and difficult exams.
Though there is hope, considering many celebrities started from humble beginnings, achieving dreams remains 6 . As someone who once had ambitious aspirations, these “chase your dreams” speeches gave me 7 hope. I take issue with such celebrity speeches because they suggest that anyone can 8 whatever they desire simply by wishing for it. 9 , reality tells us otherwise. I am not trying to be 10 , but rather realistic. Growing older has taught me that some dreams are meant to stay as dreams.
Nonetheless, I am grateful that my dream of becoming a singer did not materialize. I have found other passions — writing and editing — and 11 pursued them as a career through college. I have no regrets about this path. If we do not 12 exactly where we want to be, it is alright. Life sometimes presents obstacles that 13 us from choosing our first preference for the future. Our dreams may not always be 14 , but that does not mean good things are not in store for us. Life often takes us on different paths. Do not lose hope, for you have a bright future ahead, 15 the choices you make.
1．A．worried B．changed C．realized D．controlled
2．A．barriers B．shelters C．excuses D．thoughts
3．A．failed B．agreed C．used D．desired
4．A．focused B．shifted C．continued D．happened
5．A．efforts B．challenges C．demands D．choices
6．A．straightforward B．common
C．complicated D．rare
7．A．false B．true C．great D．special
8．A．confirm B．appreciate C．accomplish D．distribute
9．A．Therefore B．Moreover C．However D．Furthermore
10．A．optimistic B．pessimistic C．energetic D．enthusiastic
11．A．unexpectedly B．unavoidably C．uneventfully D．unnecessarily
12．A．come up B．turn up C．set up D．end up
13．A．save B．protect C．prevent D．guard
14．A．comfortable B．attainable C．bearable D．adjustable
15．A．instead of B．in terms of C．by means of D．regardless of
【答案】
1．C 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D
【解析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要说明了作者随着年龄的增长，意识到名人演讲传递了错误的思想，暗示任何人都可以实现他们想要的，只要有愿望。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，随着年龄的增长，我意识到这种观念背后的害处。A. worried担心；B. changed改变；C. realized意识到；D. controlled控制。根据上文“I used to find award show speeches inspiring when celebrities encouraged people to “chase their dreams.”(我曾经发现，当名人鼓励人们“追逐梦想”时，颁奖典礼上的演讲很鼓舞人心)”以及后文“the toxicity behind this notion”指作者开始意识到这种观念背后的害处。故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：由于各种各样的障碍，追求我们的梦想并不总是容易的。A. barriers障碍；B. shelters避难所；C. excuses借口；D. thoughts想法。根据上文“Pursuing our dreams is not always easy”可知，追求梦想不容易是因为各种障碍的原因。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：例如，我想成为一名歌手，但缺乏经济手段来试镜比赛节目。A. failed失败；B. agreed同意；C. used使用；D. desired渴望。根据上文“Pursuing our dreams”以及后文“to be a singer but lacked the financial means to audition for competition shows”指作者想要成为歌手，但是缺乏经济手段来试镜比赛节目。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：后来，我的梦想变成了成为一名漫画编辑，但我面临着语言障碍、旅行费用和难考等挑战。A. focused集中；B. shifted转换，变成；C. continued继续；D. happened发生。根据后文“to becoming a manga editor”指作者成为歌手的梦想，变成了成为漫画编辑。故选B。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，我的梦想变成了成为一名漫画编辑，但我面临着语言障碍、旅行费用和难考等挑战。A. efforts努力；B. challenges挑战；C. demands要求；D. choices选择。后文“like language barriers, travel costs, and difficult exams”语言障碍、旅行费用和难考是作者面临的挑战。故选B。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：尽管有希望，但考虑到许多名人都是白手起家的，实现梦想的人仍然很少。A. straightforward直接的；B. common共同的；C. complicated复杂的；D. rare少有的。根据上文“Though there is hope”中though表示转折，说明尽管有希望，但考虑到许多名人都是白手起家的，实现梦想的人仍然很少。故选D。
7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个曾经雄心勃勃的人，这些“追逐你的梦想”的演讲给了我虚假的希望。A. false虚假的；B. true真的；C. great伟大的；D. special特别的。上文提到实现梦想的人仍然很少，所以此处指演讲给了作者虚假的希望，故选A。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我反对这样的名人演讲，因为他们暗示任何人都可以实现他们想要的，只要有愿望。A. confirm确认；B. appreciate感激；C. accomplish实现；D. distribute分配。根据后文“whatever they desire simply by wishing for it”指名人演讲暗示任何人都可以实现他们想要的，只要有愿望。故选C。
9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，现实告诉我们并非如此。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover此外；C. However然而；D. Furthermore此外。结合前后文语境可知为转折关系，应用however。故选C。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不是要悲观，而是要现实一点。A. optimistic乐观的；B. pessimistic消极的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. enthusiastic热情的。根据后文“but rather realistic”可知，作者这么说是出于现实，而不是悲观。故选B。
11．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我还发现了其他的爱好——写作和编辑——并出人意料地在大学里把它们作为职业来追求。A. unexpectedly意外地；B. unavoidably不可避免地；C. uneventfully太平无事地；D. unnecessarily不必要地。根据后文“pursued them as a career through college”可知，指作者把写作和编辑意外作为职业追求。故选A。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：如果我们没有完全到达我们想要到达的地方，那也没关系。A. come up接近；B. turn up出现；C. set up建立；D. end up结束。根据后文“exactly where we want to be, it is alright”可知，此处指道路最后没能让作者最终到达想要到达的地方，故选D。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：生活有时会出现障碍，阻止我们为未来选择第一偏好。A. save挽救；B. protect保护；C. prevent阻止；D. guard守卫。根据上文“Life sometimes presents obstacles”指障碍会阻止人们为未来选择第一偏好。故选C。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们的梦想可能并不总是可以实现的，但这并不意味着好事不在等着我们。A. comfortable舒服的；B. attainable可获得的；C. bearable可忍受的；D. adjustable可调节的。根据后文“but that does not mean good things are not in store for us”中but表示转折，说明梦想并不总是可以实现的，但这并不意味着好事不在等着我们。故选B。
15．考查介词短语辨析。句意：不要失去希望，因为不管你做出什么样的选择，你都有一个光明的未来。A. instead of而不是；B. in terms of就……而言；C. by means of通过；D. regardless of不管。根据上文“for you have a bright future ahead”以及后文“the choices you make”指不管做出什么样的选择，你都有一个光明的未来。故选D。
1.（2025·河南省豫西北教研联盟（许洛平）高三一模）
体裁：说明文 词数：238 话题：俚语拉近两代人的距离 难度：★★★☆☆
My son just completed high school and when he leaves for college in the fall, I’ll 1 his lessons in teenage slang (俚语). His slang has offered me an accidental but useful portrait (描述) of how he and his generation 2 the world.
From one generation to the next, the terms changed, but the 3 typically didn’t. New words were routinely 4 to express familiar concepts: one generation’s “cool” 5 another’s “dope” and so on.
Members of my son’s generation have a vastly superior approach to slang. They’ve created a language that 6 the new and distinct reality they face.
“Mid” is an obvious 7 in my son’s usage, things that are mid are things that are average or 8 below. Everything in a railway station or an airport falls into the category of “mid”. It’s a brilliant, precise word for a mildly 9 world.
But my favorite new slang word is “based” — short for “based in fact” or “based in reality” and often used as a term of agreement when someone 10 a debatable opinion.
The kids themselves are bright. That is why I’m so 11 to my son who gave me a chan

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