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（28）任务型阅读（3）——初中英语专项讲练
知识讲解
判断正误型阅读
一、题型概述
判断正误型题目往往是从文中提取出一个句子，通过对细节的修改或说法的改变或同义的转换而让做题者判断该说法是否符合文意。题型以细节理解题、推理判断题和主旨大意题为主。
二、题型特点
主要考查学生筛选、识别及验证信息的能力，需判断题干描述与原文内容是否一致 。
部分题目需结合常识或逻辑推理判断隐含信息（如作者态度、结论推导） 。
三、答题步骤
1. 预读题干，标记关键词
圈出题干中的 核心名词 （如专有名词、时间地点）、 动词短语 （如"show respect"）及 程度副词 （如"all/some"） 。
2. 通读全文，定位关联句
按段落顺序定位题干对应内容，优先关注 首尾段 、 转折句 （如"but/however"）及 总结句 。
3. 逐句比对，判断关联度
True ：题干与原文为同义替换或逻辑对应（如"significant"对应"great"） 。
False ：题干与原文存在 直接矛盾 （如"no pollution" vs 原文"pollution exists"）或 程度差异 （如"always" vs原文"sometimes"） 。
4. 复查验证
确保判断基于原文依据，避免因 常识干扰 或 主观臆断 导致误判。
四、解题方法
1. 细节理解题
（1）特点
题干与原文在细节或语句方面都是截然相同或相反。常考细节有时间、地点、人物、所发生的事件以及起修饰作用的词等。
（2）方法
根据题干关键词找到文中的原句，对比题干的细节与原文是否一致。只有完全符合文章意思的句子方可判定为正确。那些基本意思相符，仍有某一点不符的应判定为错误。
2. 推理判断题
（1）特点
题干与原文不完全一致，需要通过分析原文和题干，间接推断题干与原文是否一致。
（2）方法
从文章的具体段落和句子中找到依据，并进行认真比较分析，不能凭印象想当然，胡乱猜测。
3. 主旨大意题
（1）特点
考查对全文的把握，断章取义、以偏概全是常犯的错误。
（2）方法
阅读文章时应主要捕捉内容要点，掌握主旨和作者意图，不要过分推敲语言点，否则难以作出正确的判断。
五、常用技巧
1. 同义替换法
正确选项常对原文词汇/句式进行改写（如"achieve"替换"succeed"），错误选项可能 照抄原句但篡改细节 。
2. 逻辑关联法
注意题干与原文的 因果关系 （如"because"对应"lead to"）、 时间顺序 （如"after" vs "before"）及 对比关系 （如"more than" vs "less than"） 。
3. 干扰项排除
与常识矛盾 ：与常识不符 。
过度推断 ：题干基于原文细节的延伸结论未被支持
六、注意事项
1. 避免主观代入
答案需严格基于原文。
2. 警惕绝对化表述
原文用"often"而题干用"always"，或原文用"some"而题干用"all"，通常判为"错误" 。
3. 注意虚拟语气
题干"would/should"等虚拟表达与原文事实描述的判断 。
4. 规范答题格式
严格按题目要求填写"T/F"或"√/×"，避免拼写错误或符号混淆 。
通过系统训练信息定位和逻辑分析能力，可有效提升判断正误题的准确率。
针对训练
There are three famous towers to the south of the Yangtze River—the Tengwang Pavilion the Yellow Crane Tower and the Yueyang Tower.
The Tengwang Pavilion is in Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province. A Tribute to the Tengwang Pavilion (《滕王阁序》) written by Wang Bo in the early Tang Dynasty made the pavilion well-known at that time. On the fifth floor, you can have an amazing bird view of the city. The best time to visit the pavilion falls in March to May and September to early November.
The Yellow Crane Tower sits in Wuhan City, Hubei Province. You can read some poems written in different dynasties on the third floor, which won fame for the tower. Its cultural importance made it the symbol of Wuhan. On the top of the tower, you will enjoy a beautiful view of the Yangtze River, its bridge and the buildings around the tower in Wuhan.
The Yueyang Tower lies in Yueyang City, Hunan Province. It's a 19-meter-high building which is made of wood. From the top, you will see the white sails of passing boats under the blue sky. The tower was made very famous by the works of Fan Zhongyan who was a great politician and writer during the Northern Song Dynasty.
1. July is the best time to visit the Tengwang Pavilion.
2. You can read poems of different times when you visit the Yellow Crane Tower.
3. You can enjoy beautiful city views from the Tengwang Pavilion and the Yellow Crane Tower.
4. The Yueyang Tower is a wooden building in Hubei Province.
5. All the three buildings were made famous by great ancient works.
The Double Third Festival is an ancient Chinese festival. It comes on the third day of the third lunar month. The day is said to be the birthday of the Yellow Emperor (Huangdi). He, along with the Yan Emperor (Yandi), is considered to be the ancestor of all Chinese people. The date was fixed after the Wei and Jin Dynasties.
In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, people often took a bath in the river on that day to wash away bad luck. Wang Xizhi wrote in his Lantingji Xu about how people took a bath and wrote poems while drinking from cups drifting along the river. In the Tang Dynasty, people enjoyed drinks and sightseeing. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, people did activities like drifting cups, throwing stones, hiking and listening to music.
In modern times, it is mainly celebrated by the people in the southern parts of China. For the Zhuang people in Guangxi, it is a festival for young people to sing songs and find their true love. Bamboo dancing is another important activity for them. For the Li and Miao people in Hainan, it is a day for remembering ancestors. For the Han people, it is a time to go outside to enjoy flowers and cook eggs with jicai. The Han people believe the special eggs are good for their health.
6. The Double Third Festival falls on the third day of March every year.
7. People in the Tang Dynasty celebrated the festival by taking a bath in the river.
8. The Double Third Festival is mainly celebrated in the southern parts of China nowadays.
9. In Hainan, the festival is a day for young people to sing songs and find their love.
10. This passage mainly talks about the Double Third Festival and how people celebrate it.
Has your mother or grandmother ever made embroidered (刺绣的) clothes for you In the past, Chinese people often embroidered on hats, shoes and dresses to show the beauty of nature or the best wishes to others. Some girls would even embroider on a sachet (香囊) as a gift for their lovers.
Shu embroidery comes from Sichuan. It is said that Shu embroidery is the oldest kind of embroidery in China. People began to make it during the Han Dynasty(206 BC—220 AD). They sold it to other countries such as ancient Rome.
Shu embroidery takes time. It might take as long as a whole day to finish just 10 cm. Embroidery workers need to divide each silk thread (丝线) into more than 10 or even 30 smaller threads. Each smaller thread is thinner than a human hair.
Meng Dezhi, who used to work at the Chengdu Shu Embroidery Factory, has been making Shu embroidery for 40 years. She loves this form of art and wants more people to try it, so she gives lessons in universities. She said, "Although the work is hard, Shu embroidery stands for thousands of years of Sichuan culture. It is a symbol of Chinese culture as well."
11. In ancient China, people never embroidered on dresses.
12. Shu embroidery is from Sichuan.
13. It doesn't take time to finish Shu embroidery.
14. Meng Dezhi loves Shu embroidery and wants more people to try it.
15. According to Meng Dezhi, Shu embroidery is a symbol of Chinese culture.
Beidou is China's first global navigation satellite system. More than 120 countries and regions are using the Beidou system.
It started its full-scale work on July 31, 2020. With as many as 59 satellites, Beidou has "bright eyes". These satellites fly around the earth. They can "see" rivers, forests and mountains. They can "see" houses and schools on the earth. Of course, they can "see" you, too! From space, they can tell where you are on the ground, with a difference of no more than 10 meters.
Beidou can help people find the way, even when it's on the dark sea. It can look for mines (矿产) in deep mountains. It can give orders to driverless cars. Last summer, when Chinese people fought the flood in the South, Beidou helped measure the rise and fall of the flood water.
What's more, when people are in danger and there is no mobile phone signal, they can use Beidou to send a 1, 200-word message to ask for help.
All in all, Beidou is there to keep us safe and make our life convenient.
16. Beidou's satellites fly around the moon.
17. Everything can be seen by Beidou except you.
18. People can find the way with the help of Beidou.
19. Beidou can't look for mines but can help people fight floods.
20. If your mobile phone has no signal, you can use Beidou to ask for help.
The "24 solar terms" (节气) originated and was firstly used in China. It was created thousands of years ago on the basis of practical needs of agriculture. Ancient Chinese people used it to guide agriculture production,special climate signs and even healthy living tips. Last year, the 24 solar terms was added to UNESCO's world cultural heritage list. Now, it has been brought to life thanks to a creative designer from Southwest China's Guizhou province.
On the eve of this year's Qingming Festival, Shi Changhong released (发布) his version of re-produced and packaged characters for each solar term in the form of "moving art" of gifts. Since their first release on Zcool on March 29, the gifts have won great praise among the general public and quickly flooded social media with millions of hits during the festival period.
To maximize publicity, Shi released his work in three forms: video, animation and picture. The background sounds add to the brilliance (光彩).
"When I watch the short video, I can strongly feel the Chinese-style elements hidden in them. And it is really cool to liven up Chinese traditional culture in such a unique way." WeChat user Xiao Feifei said.
"It is really a comfort to me to see so many people like my latest work. To be honest, it would really surprise me if the work does not arouse great interest among Chinese people. The 24 solar items is a deeply rooted concept that covers the essence of Chinese wisdom. However, only a small portion of people know all the names or the correct order of those terms. My intention is to increase Chinese people's self-awareness to learn more about our traditional fine culture. Actually, the 24 solar items work is only a part of my whole design program 'Charm China', which I started over a year ago." Shi told China Daily.
21. The text probably belongs to the agriculture part of the newspaper.
22. The underlined word "Zcool" refers to a radio broadcast.
23. The 24 solar items work designed by Shi Changhong was added to UNESCO's heritage list.
24. The background sounds of the work make the video more attractive.
25. The purpose of the passage is to introduce the 24 solar items work.
答案以及解析
1-5. 答案：FTTFT
解析：本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了三个著名的塔——滕王阁、黄鹤楼和岳阳楼。
1. 细节理解题。根据"The best time to visit the pavilion falls in March to May and September to early November."可知，参观滕王阁最佳时间是3月至5月，9月至11月初，而7月不在此期间。故答案为F。
2. 细节理解题。根据"You can read some poems written in different dynasties on the third floor, which won fame for the tower."可知，你可以在三楼读到一些不同朝代的诗。故答案为T。
3. 细节理解题。根据"On the top of the tower, you will enjoy a beautiful view of the Yangtze River, its bridge and the buildings around the tower in Wuhan."和"On the fifth floor, you can have an amazing bird view of the city."可知，你可以从滕王阁和黄鹤楼欣赏美丽的城市景色。故答案为T。
4. 细节理解题。根据"The Yueyang Tower lies in Yueyang City, Hunan Province."可知，岳阳楼位于湖南省岳阳市。故答案为F。
5. 细节理解题。根据"A Tribute to the Tengwang Pavilion (《滕王阁序》) written by Wang Bo in the early Tang Dynasty made the pavilion well-known at that time."；"You can read some poems written in different dynasties on the third floor, which won fame for the tower."和"The tower was made very famous by the works of Fan Zhongyan who was a great politician and writer during the Northern Song Dynasty."可知，这三座建筑都因古代的伟大作品而闻名。故答案为T。
6-10. 答案：FFTFT
解析：本文是一篇说明文，主要向我们介绍"三月三"在各朝代的变迁以及人们是如何庆祝这个节日。
6. 细节理解题。根据"The Double Third Festival is an ancient Chinese festival. It comes on the third day of the third lunar month."可知，"三月三"是在农历的第三个月的第三天。该项表述错误。故答案为F。
7. 细节理解题。根据"In the Eastern Jin Dynasty, people often took a bath in the river on that day to wash away bad luck."可知，在东晋，人们经常在这一天在河里洗澡，以洗去厄运。该项表述错误。故答案为F。
8. 细节理解题。根据"In modern times, it is mainly celebrated by the people in the southern parts of China."可知，在现代，它主要是由中国南方的人们庆祝。该项表述正确。故答案为T。
9. 细节理解题。根据"For the Zhuang people in Guangxi, it is a festival for young people to sing songs and find their true love."可知，对广西壮族人来说，这是一个年轻人唱歌、寻找真爱的节日。该项表述错误。故答案为F。
10. 主旨大意题。本文主要向我们介绍"三月三"在各朝代的变迁以及人们是如何庆祝这个节日。该项表述正确。故答案为T。
11-15. 答案：FTFTT
解析：本文主要讲了刺绣在中国文化中非常重要，并重点介绍了蜀绣的发源地，制作过程，蜀绣代表了四川几千年的文化，它也是中国文化的象征。
11. 细节理解题。根据第一段"In the past, Chinese people often embroidered on hats, shoes and dresses to show the beauty of nature or the best wishes to others."可知，在过去，中国人经常在帽子、鞋子和衣服上刺绣，以显示自然之美或对他人的美好祝愿。该项表述错误。故答案为F。
12. 细节理解题。根据第二段"Shu embroidery comes from Sichuan."可知，蜀绣来自四川。该项表述正确。故答案为T。
13. 细节理解题。根据第三段"Shu embroidery takes time. It might take as long as a whole day to finish just 10 cm."可知，蜀绣需要时间。可能要花一整天的时间才能完成仅仅10厘米。该项表述错误。故答案为F。
14. 细节理解题。根据最后一段"She loves this form of art and wants more people to try it"可知，Meng Dezhi喜欢这种艺术形式，并希望更多的人尝试它。该项表述正确。故答案为T。
15. 细节理解题。根据文章最后"Although the work is hard, Shu embroidery stands for thousands of years of Sichuan culture. It is a symbol of Chinese culture as well."可知，Meng Dezhi认为蜀绣代表了四川几千年的文化，它也是中国文化的象征。该项表述正确。故答案为T。
16-20. 答案：FFTFT
解析：北斗是中国第一个全球导航卫星系统，超过120个国家和地区正在使用北斗系统。文章详细地介绍了它的功能和用途。
16. 细节理解题。由第二段句子"These satellites fly around the earth."可知，这些卫星环绕地球飞行，而不是绕月球飞行，所以此题错误。故答案为F。
17. 细节理解题。由第二段句子"Of course, they can "see" you, too!"可知，北斗也可以"看到"你，所以此题错误。故答案为F。
18. 细节理解题。由第三段句子"Beidou can help people find the way"可知，北斗可以帮助人们找到路，所以此题正确。故答案为T。
19. 细节理解题。由第三段句子"It can look for mines(矿产) in deep mountains."可知，北斗可以在深山中寻找矿产，所以此题错误。故答案为F。
20. 细节理解题。由最后一段句子"What's more, when people are in danger and there is no mobile phone signal, they can use Beidou to send a 1,200-word message to ask for help."可知，当人们处于危险之中，没有手机信号时，他们可以使用北斗发送1200字的信息来寻求帮助，所以此题正确。故答案为T。
21-25. 答案：FFFTT
解析：本文是新闻报道，介绍了贵州设计师石昌鸿制作的24节气创意设计项目。
21. 推理判断题。根据开头"The '24 solar terms' originated and was firstly used in China. It was created thousands of years ago on the basis of practical needs of agriculture"可知，在报纸的文化栏目能够读到；题干说法错误。故答案为F。
22. 词句猜测题。根据下文"and quickly flooded social media with millions of hits during the festival period可知"，是网站社交媒体；题干说法错误。故答案为F。
23. 细节理解题。根据最后"Actually, the 24 solar items work is only a part of my whole design program 'Charm China', which I started over a year ago"，结合第一段"the 24 solar terms was added to UNESCO's world cultural heritage list可知"，是24节气被列入联合国教科文组织世界文化遗产名录；题干说法错误。故答案为F。
24. 推理判断题。根据第三段"To maximize publicity, Shi released his work in three forms: video, animation and picture. The background sounds add to the brilliance"可知，作品的背景声音设计使视频更具吸引力；题干说法正确。故答案为T。
25. 主旨大意题。根据短文内容，结合第一段"Last year, the 24 solar terms was added to UNESCO's world cultural heritage list. Now, it has been brought to life thanks to a creative designer from Southwest China's Guizhou province"可知，短文主要介绍的是石昌鸿制作的24节气创意设计项目；题干说法正确。故答案为T。

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