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专题12 连词和并列复合句
目录
01考情透视·目标导航 2
02知识导图·思维引航 3
03考点突破·考向探究 4
考点一 考查并列顺承关系（高频连词and） 4
【真题研析】 4
考点二 考查转折对比关系（高频连词but/yet/while） 4
【真题研析】 4
考点三 考查选择关系（高频连词or） 5
【真题研析】 5
考点四 特别关注成对出现的连词 5
【真题研析】 5
【核心精讲】 6
【命题预测】 7
04 重难点突破 并列连词和并列复合句基本知识的综合运用 8
连词和并列复合句
考点 目标要求 考题统计及展示 考情分析
考查并列顺承关系（高频连词and） 熟练掌握常见的并列顺承连词的用法，尤其是and （2024·新高考II卷）45.and （2023年1月浙江卷）and （2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）and （2022·新高考I卷）and 根据新高考三年的考情分析，连词和并列复合句主要集中考查：主要考查并列连词and，but，or和yet；有关祈使句和并列句的相关句型；并列句在书面表达中也经常被用到。 预计在2025年高考中，还会集中考查并列连词and，but，or；其次，在书面表达中也会考查并列句的使用。
考查转折对比关系（高频连词but/yet/while） 熟练掌握常见转折对比连词的用法，尤其是but （2023·全国乙卷）but/yet （2021全国甲卷）but
考查选择关系（高频连词or） 掌握选择关系的连词及句型 （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）or （2014新课标I卷）or
特别关注成对出现的连词 熟练掌握常考成对出现的连词 （2024年1月浙江高考真题）57.either...or... （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）whether...or... （2021年浙江卷）neither...nor...
考点一 考查并列顺承关系（高频连词and）
1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.
2.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）It’s been an honour to watch the panda programme develop 　　　　　　 to see the pandas settle into their new home.
3.（2023·1月新高考浙江卷）During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ________ arranged the residential areas according to social classes.
4.（2022·新高考I卷）After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ______ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
由于受思维定式的影响，很多学生看到没有提示词的空，就立刻想到了定语从句，所以，并列连词有时被忽视。做这类题时要认真分析句子成分，看看句子成分是否完整，看前后是不是并列的关系。
考点二 考查转折对比关系（高频连词but/yet/while）
1.（2023·全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work,65.　　　　　　 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
2.（2021全国甲卷）My bike was old and shaky ______ did the job.
3.（2019新课标II卷）Irene said," I don't see any reason to give up work. I work not because I have to, _________because I want to.”
4.（2025·江苏省徐州市第七中学高三月考）The goat hair is soft, suitable for the writing of big characters, 39 the wolf hair is hard, good for the writing of small ones.
考点三 考查选择关系（高频连词or）
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), 　　　　 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
2.（2014新课标I卷）But the river wasn’t changed in a few days ________even a few months.
考点四 特别关注成对出现的连词（常常被学生忽视）
1.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 57 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), 　　　　 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
3.（2021年浙江卷）Although Mary loved flowers, __________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
这种成对出现的连词一定要有整体观念，做到瞻前顾后就能很快作答。
常用的有：both...and...；not only... but (also)...；neither... nor...；either...or...；not...but...；whether...or...;hardly...when...;no sooner...than...等。
连词和并列复合句考点的必备知识：
一、并列连词
用法 连词 例句
表并列、递进或顺承关系 and, both... and..., neither... nor...，not only... but also..., as well as During the first three years, children learn the basic skills they will use in all their later learning both at home and at school.在前3年，孩子们会学习以后在家里和在学校学习中所需要用的基本技能。
表转折关系 but, yet, nevertheless What we are about to do is perfectly legal. But please don't discuss it with anyone. 我们要做的事完全合法，但请不要与任何人讨论这件事。
表选择关系 either... or...， not... but..., or, or else, rather than Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。
表因果关系 for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首), so He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
and与or用于并列句 祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承 Find ways to praise your children often, and you'll find they will open their hearts to you. 设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。
祈使句＋or＋陈述句，or表转折
表对比 while强调对比关系，意为“然而；而” I like English while my little sister is fond of art. 我喜欢英语而我的妹妹热爱艺术。
二、常见的并列句型
(1)表递进关系：常用的并列连词有and, not only...but (also)．.., neither...nor..., not...but...等。
He had plenty of money and he spent it freely.
他有足够的钱，可以随便花。
Not only did he speak more correctly, but(also) he spoke more easily.
他不仅说得更正确，而且说得更轻松。
(2)表选择关系：常用的并列连词有or, either...or..., otherwise等。
Either you are right, or I am.
要么你对，要么我对。
Don't drive so fast or/otherwise you'll have an accident.
不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。
(3)表转折关系：常用的并列连词有but, yet, whereas, while等。
Jane said she was ill, yet I saw her in the street just now.
简说她病了，但刚才我在街上看到了她。
Some men are rich, while/whereas others are poor.
一些人很富有但其他人很贫穷。
(4)表因果关系：常用的并列连词有so, for。
It must have rained last night for it is wet all over.
昨晚一定下雨了，到处都这么湿。
The shops were closed so I didn't get any milk.
商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。
(5)when还可用作并列连词，其意思为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：
①sb was doing sth when...
②sb was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth when...
③sb had just done sth when...
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.
我们正打算动身，这时突然下起了雨。
(6)while作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。
He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.
他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
1.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三一模）Africans are the most diverse people in the world. Perhaps this has a connection with the fact that they are the earliest humans, it has been proven that humans adapt to the different environments they find themselves in over time as they migrate.
2.（2025·河北省石家庄市第二中学高三月考）It is the first of its kind in Africa to give the same training he received at the temple to young African people who are not able to go to China still share the same dream.
3.（2024·四川省成都市第七中学月考）The highest scores in both family connection flourishing came from children who lived with parents or never had their family worrying about finances.
04重难点突破 并列连词和并列复合句基本知识的综合运用
连词和并列复合句考点的解题关键：
1．确定填并列连词
无提示词，空前后是两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、短语等；而且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关系，应填并列连词。
2．两个技巧要熟用
技巧1：关系分析法
分析空前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系，确定用哪个连词。
(1)表示并列或递进关系的有and、both ...and ...、not only ...but (also) ...、neither ...nor ...等。
(2)表示选择关系的有or、either ...or ...、not ...but ...等。
(3)表示转折或对比关系的有but、while等。
(4)表示因果关系的有so、for等。
技巧2：句型法
(1)祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，如表示顺承用and，表示转折用or。
(2)when作并列连词的常用句型：
Sb be doing sth when ...
Sb be about to do sth when ...
Sb had (just) done sth when ...
Hardly ...when ...
1．并列句与定语从句
防止并列句与定语从句混用：并列句由and、but等并列连词连接，句中已有连接词，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。
①They live in a small house, in front of ___________stands an orange tree.
②They live in a small house, and in front of ___________ stands an orange tree.
【解析】两句的区别是连词and，句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句，空处为引导词，表示物，故填which；句②中and连接两个并列分句，空处指代前面分句中的a small house，故填it。
③The old man has three sons, none of ___________ is a doctor.
④The old man has three sons, but none of ___________is a doctor.
【解析】两句的区别是连词but，句③逗号后为非限制性定语从句，空处为引导词，表示人，且其前为介词of，故填whom；句④中but连接两个并列分句，空处指代前面分句中的three sons，故填them。
2．并列句与状语从句
辨清并列句与状语从句：并列句是连词连接两个“互不依存的主谓结构”，两者之间是并列关系；而状语从句中前后两个句子，一个是主句，一个是从句，从句是用来修饰主句的。
①___________you take the medicine, you will be all right.
②Take this medicine, ___________you will be all right.
【解析】句①空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填If；句②中两个并列分句是顺承关系，故填and。
③ ___________money is necessary for a happy life, it can't buy happiness.
④Money is necessary for a happy life, ___________it can't buy happiness.
【解析】句③空处所在句子是让步状语从句，故填Although/Though；句④空处前后是转折关系，故填but。
语法填空
（2025·湖北省十一校高三联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（标黄题号为本专题考点）
French theater director Jean-Jacques Annaud, also known as Sommier, has made outstanding contributions to Sino-French cultural exchanges.
Recalling his first cooperation with the Chinese theater professors in 2004, he said he was impressed by the actors’ makeups, costumes and their effort 1 (pass) the acting skills to their students. One professor explained, “In China, opera is an art 2 (require) lifelong devotion and the effect of the performance largely depends on the actors’ inner strength and acting skills.”
Following Sommier’s suggestion on introducing Chinese 3 (classic) to the French audience, Beijing Vocational College of Opera and Arts (BVCOA) 4 (stage) a series of appealing and 5 (innovate) performances in 2005. The shows drew over 22,000 French students, half of 6 got involved in the workshops on Chinese opera makeups and gestures afterwards. Sommier always hopes the audience truly understand that theater is not a product to consume 7 a real cultural meeting and an approach toward what we wonder.
The year 2024 marks the 8 (sixty) anniversary (周年纪念日) of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France. Serving as a cultural bond, Sommier hopes the French and Chinese will impress each other 9 high-quality shows. His 10 (commit) to cultural exchange is positive proof of the power of arts in bringing people together and fostering global harmony.
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)专题12 连词和并列复合句
目录
01考情透视·目标导航 2
02知识导图·思维引航 3
03考点突破·考向探究 4
考点一 考查并列顺承关系（高频连词and） 4
【真题研析】 4
考点二 考查转折对比关系（高频连词but/yet/while） 5
【真题研析】 5
考点三 考查选择关系（高频连词or） 6
【真题研析】 6
考点四 特别关注成对出现的连词 6
【真题研析】 6
【核心精讲】 7
【命题预测】 9
04 重难点突破 并列连词和并列复合句基本知识的综合运用 9
连词和并列复合句
考点 目标要求 考题统计及展示 考情分析
考查并列顺承关系（高频连词and） 熟练掌握常见的并列顺承连词的用法，尤其是and （2024·新高考II卷）45.and （2023年1月浙江卷）and （2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）and （2022·新高考I卷）and 根据新高考三年的考情分析，连词和并列复合句主要集中考查：主要考查并列连词and，but，or和yet；有关祈使句和并列句的相关句型；并列句在书面表达中也经常被用到。 预计在2025年高考中，还会集中考查并列连词and，but，or；其次，在书面表达中也会考查并列句的使用。
考查转折对比关系（高频连词but/yet/while） 熟练掌握常见转折对比连词的用法，尤其是but （2023·全国乙卷）but/yet （2021全国甲卷）but
考查选择关系（高频连词or） 掌握选择关系的连词及句型 （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）or （2014新课标I卷）or
特别关注成对出现的连词 熟练掌握常考成对出现的连词 （2024年1月浙江高考真题）57.either...or... （2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）whether...or... （2021年浙江卷）neither...nor...
考点一 考查并列顺承关系（高频连词and）
1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language ____45____ see how Tang’s play was being performed.
【答案】 and
【解析】考查连词。句意：回忆起几年前在上海观看莎士比亚戏剧《理查三世》的中国版，并遇见前来斯特拉特福德表演《牡丹亭》部分片段的中国演员时，Edmondson说：“听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。”空前“hear the Chinese language”和空后“see how Tang’s play was being performed”为并列结构，用and连接。故填and。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅱ卷）It’s been an honour to watch the panda programme develop 　　　　　　 to see the pandas settle into their new home.
【答案】and　
【解析】考查连词。句意:能够见证熊猫计划的发展并看到熊猫们适应新家,这是一份荣耀。根据句意可知,空前to watch the panda programme develop和空后to see the pandas settle into their new home为并列关系,故本空应用并列连词and。
3.（2023·1月新高考浙江卷）During China’s dynastic period, emperors planned the city of Beijing ________ arranged the residential areas according to social classes.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：在中国的朝代时期，皇帝规划北京城并根据社会阶层安排居住区。分析句子结构可知，planned和arranged是并列的谓语动词，表示并列关系应用连词and连接。故填and。
4.（2022·新高考I卷）After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, ______ leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”.
【答案】 and
【解析】考查连词。句意：GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性，保护生物多样性，保护生态缓冲区，为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处前后为并列关系，应用and。故填and。
由于受思维定式的影响，很多学生看到没有提示词的空，就立刻想到了定语从句，所以，并列连词有时被忽视。做这类题时要认真分析句子成分，看看句子成分是否完整，看前后是不是并列的关系。
考点二 考查转折对比关系（高频连词but/yet/while）
1.（2023·全国乙卷）It is a distinct visual contrast(反差) that shouldn’t work,65.　　　　　　 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.
【答案】but/yet　
【解析】考查连词。句意:这是一个明显的视觉对比,本应无法协调组合在一起,但不知何故,这两个截然不同的世界很好地结合在了一起。根据句意可知,本空前后文为转折关系,故本空应用表示转折的连词but或yet。
2.（2021全国甲卷）My bike was old and shaky ______ did the job.
【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。句意：我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还可以骑。后文did the job和前文My bike was old and shaky之间存在转折关系，故用表示转折的连词but连接。故填but。
3.（2019新课标II卷）Irene said," I don't see any reason to give up work. I work not because I have to, _________because I want to.”
【答案】but
【解析】考查并列连词。根据句意逻辑可知，此处为转折关系，句意：我工作不是因为我不得不做，而是因为我想做。此处用but与前文not 呼应，构成“不是…而是 …”之意，故填but。
4.（2025·江苏省徐州市第七中学高三月考）The goat hair is soft, suitable for the writing of big characters, 39 the wolf hair is hard, good for the writing of small ones.
【答案】while
【解析】考查连词。句意：山羊毛柔软，适合写大字，而狼毛硬，适合写小字。此处需要一个连词来对比两种不同材质的毛笔适用情况，故填while。
考点三 考查选择关系（高频连词or）
1.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), 　　　　 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
【答案】or　
【解析】考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口,释放蒸汽,让里面的汤汁流出来还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。此处考查短语whether…or…“是……还是……”。
2.（2014新课标I卷）But the river wasn’t changed in a few days ________even a few months.
【答案】or
【解析】考查并列连词。从语境可知这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。本句中的or"或者"表示选择的意思。故填or。
考点四 特别关注成对出现的连词（常常被学生忽视）
1.（2024年1月浙江高考真题）Either your shopping is then too heavy to carry home 57 you can’t use what you’ve bought while it’s still fresh.
【答案】or
【解析】考查固定句式。句意：要么你买的东西太重，搬不回家，要么你买的东西还新鲜，就不能用了。either...or...意为“要么……要么……”，为固定句式，所以此处应用连词or。故填or。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷）The dumplings arrive steaming and dangerously hot. To eat one, you have to decide whether to bite a small hole in it first, releasing the stream and risking a spill(溢出), 　　　　 to put the whole dumpling in your mouth, letting the hot soup explode on your tongue.
【答案】or　
【解析】考查连词。句意:吃小笼包的时候,你必须要决定是先咬一个小口,释放蒸汽,让里面的汤汁流出来还是把整个小笼包放进嘴里,让热汤在舌头上爆炸。此处考查短语whether…or…“是……还是……”。
3.（2021年浙江卷）Although Mary loved flowers, __________ she nor her husband was known as a gardener.
【答案】neither
【解析】考查并列连词。句意：虽然玛丽喜欢花，但她和她的丈夫都不是有名的园丁。根据句意可知，此处考查连词结构“neither…nor…”，意为“既不……也不……”。故填neither。
这种成对出现的连词一定要有整体观念，做到瞻前顾后就能很快作答。
常用的有：both...and...；not only... but (also)...；neither... nor...；either...or...；not...but...；whether...or...;hardly...when...;no sooner...than...等。
连词和并列复合句考点的必备知识：
一、并列连词
用法 连词 例句
表并列、递进或顺承关系 and, both... and..., neither... nor...，not only... but also..., as well as During the first three years, children learn the basic skills they will use in all their later learning both at home and at school.在前3年，孩子们会学习以后在家里和在学校学习中所需要用的基本技能。
表转折关系 but, yet, nevertheless What we are about to do is perfectly legal. But please don't discuss it with anyone. 我们要做的事完全合法，但请不要与任何人讨论这件事。
表选择关系 either... or...， not... but..., or, or else, rather than Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema.现在你可以休息，或者去看电影。
表因果关系 for(表“由于”，一般不放在句首), so He found it increasingly difficult to read, for his eyesight was beginning to fail.由于他的视力下降，他发现读书越来越困难了。
and与or用于并列句 祈使句＋and＋陈述句，and表顺承 Find ways to praise your children often, and you'll find they will open their hearts to you. 设法常常表扬你的孩子，这样你就会发现他们乐意向你敞开心扉。
祈使句＋or＋陈述句，or表转折
表对比 while强调对比关系，意为“然而；而” I like English while my little sister is fond of art. 我喜欢英语而我的妹妹热爱艺术。
二、常见的并列句型
(1)表递进关系：常用的并列连词有and, not only...but (also)．.., neither...nor..., not...but...等。
He had plenty of money and he spent it freely.
他有足够的钱，可以随便花。
Not only did he speak more correctly, but(also) he spoke more easily.
他不仅说得更正确，而且说得更轻松。
(2)表选择关系：常用的并列连词有or, either...or..., otherwise等。
Either you are right, or I am.
要么你对，要么我对。
Don't drive so fast or/otherwise you'll have an accident.
不要开那么快，否则你会出事的。
(3)表转折关系：常用的并列连词有but, yet, whereas, while等。
Jane said she was ill, yet I saw her in the street just now.
简说她病了，但刚才我在街上看到了她。
Some men are rich, while/whereas others are poor.
一些人很富有但其他人很贫穷。
(4)表因果关系：常用的并列连词有so, for。
It must have rained last night for it is wet all over.
昨晚一定下雨了，到处都这么湿。
The shops were closed so I didn't get any milk.
商店都关门了，所以我没买到牛奶。
(5)when还可用作并列连词，其意思为“这时，那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：
①sb was doing sth when...
②sb was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth when...
③sb had just done sth when...
We were having a meeting when someone broke in.
我们正在开会，这时突然有人闯了进来。
We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.
我们正打算动身，这时突然下起了雨。
(6)while作并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。
He likes pop music, while I am fond of folk music.
他喜欢流行音乐，而我喜欢民间音乐。
1.（2025·吉林省普通高中高三一模）Africans are the most diverse people in the world. Perhaps this has a connection with the fact that they are the earliest humans, it has been proven that humans adapt to the different environments they find themselves in over time as they migrate.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：也许这与他们是最早的人类这一事实有关，而且已经证明，随着迁移，随着迁徙，人类会随着时间的推移适应自己所处的不同环境。根据句子结构分析，前后两个句子之间存在逻辑上的并列关系，需用连词and连接。故填and。
2.（2025·河北省石家庄市第二中学高三月考）It is the first of its kind in Africa to give the same training he received at the temple to young African people who are not able to go to China still share the same dream.
【答案】but
【解析】考查连词。句意：这是非洲第一个此类训练营，旨在为他曾在少林寺接受的训练提供给那些无法前往中国但怀有同样梦想的年轻非洲人。根据空前“are not able to go to China”和空后“still share the same dream”之间为转折关系，用连词but连接。故填but。
3.（2024·四川省成都市第七中学月考）The highest scores in both family connection flourishing came from children who lived with parents or never had their family worrying about finances.
【答案】and
【解析】考查连词。句意：在家庭关系和成功方面得分最高的是那些和父母住在一起或者从来没有让家人担心过经济问题的孩子。both...and...是固定用法，意思是“两者都”，故答案为and。
04重难点突破 并列连词和并列复合句基本知识的综合运用
连词和并列复合句考点的解题关键：
1．确定填并列连词
无提示词，空前后是两个并列的主谓完整的句子、单词、短语等；而且相并列的成分之间是并列、转折、选择或因果关系，应填并列连词。
2．两个技巧要熟用
技巧1：关系分析法
分析空前后单词、短语或分句之间的关系，确定用哪个连词。
(1)表示并列或递进关系的有and、both ...and ...、not only ...but (also) ...、neither ...nor ...等。
(2)表示选择关系的有or、either ...or ...、not ...but ...等。
(3)表示转折或对比关系的有but、while等。
(4)表示因果关系的有so、for等。
技巧2：句型法
(1)祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句，如表示顺承用and，表示转折用or。
(2)when作并列连词的常用句型：
Sb be doing sth when ...
Sb be about to do sth when ...
Sb had (just) done sth when ...
Hardly ...when ...
1．并列句与定语从句
防止并列句与定语从句混用：并列句由and、but等并列连词连接，句中已有连接词，这时就不能再用引导定语从句的关系词了。
①They live in a small house, in front of ___________stands an orange tree.
②They live in a small house, and in front of ___________ stands an orange tree.
【解析】两句的区别是连词and，句①逗号后为非限制性定语从句，空处为引导词，表示物，故填which；句②中and连接两个并列分句，空处指代前面分句中的a small house，故填it。
③The old man has three sons, none of ___________ is a doctor.
④The old man has three sons, but none of ___________is a doctor.
【解析】两句的区别是连词but，句③逗号后为非限制性定语从句，空处为引导词，表示人，且其前为介词of，故填whom；句④中but连接两个并列分句，空处指代前面分句中的three sons，故填them。
2．并列句与状语从句
辨清并列句与状语从句：并列句是连词连接两个“互不依存的主谓结构”，两者之间是并列关系；而状语从句中前后两个句子，一个是主句，一个是从句，从句是用来修饰主句的。
①___________you take the medicine, you will be all right.
②Take this medicine, ___________you will be all right.
【解析】句①空处引导条件状语从句，表示“如果”，故填If；句②中两个并列分句是顺承关系，故填and。
③ ___________money is necessary for a happy life, it can't buy happiness.
④Money is necessary for a happy life, ___________it can't buy happiness.
【解析】句③空处所在句子是让步状语从句，故填Although/Though；句④空处前后是转折关系，故填but。
语法填空
（2025·湖北省十一校高三联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（标黄题号为本专题考点）
French theater director Jean-Jacques Annaud, also known as Sommier, has made outstanding contributions to Sino-French cultural exchanges.
Recalling his first cooperation with the Chinese theater professors in 2004, he said he was impressed by the actors’ makeups, costumes and their effort 1 (pass) the acting skills to their students. One professor explained, “In China, opera is an art 2 (require) lifelong devotion and the effect of the performance largely depends on the actors’ inner strength and acting skills.”
Following Sommier’s suggestion on introducing Chinese 3 (classic) to the French audience, Beijing Vocational College of Opera and Arts (BVCOA) 4 (stage) a series of appealing and 5 (innovate) performances in 2005. The shows drew over 22,000 French students, half of 6 got involved in the workshops on Chinese opera makeups and gestures afterwards. Sommier always hopes the audience truly understand that theater is not a product to consume 7 a real cultural meeting and an approach toward what we wonder.
The year 2024 marks the 8 (sixty) anniversary (周年纪念日) of the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and France. Serving as a cultural bond, Sommier hopes the French and Chinese will impress each other 9 high-quality shows. His 10 (commit) to cultural exchange is positive proof of the power of arts in bringing people together and fostering global harmony.
【答案】
1．to pass 2．requiring 3．classics 4．staged 5．innovative 6．whom 7．but 8．sixtieth 9．with 10．commitment
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国戏剧导演Jean-Jacques Annaud (Sommier) 在中法文化交流中的杰出贡献。
1．考查非谓语动词。句意：回想起2004年他与中国戏剧教授的第一次合作，他说演员们的化妆、服装以及他们向学生传授表演技巧的努力给他留下了深刻的印象。此处使用to pass作effort的定语。故填to pass。
2．考查非谓语动词。句意：一位教授解释说：“在中国，歌剧是一门需要终身奉献的艺术，演出的效果很大程度上取决于演员的内心力量和演技。”名词art与动词require之间为逻辑上的主动关系，所以用现在分词作后置定语。故填requiring。
3．考查名词。句意：按照Sommier关于将中国经典介绍给法国观众的建议，2005年，北京戏剧艺术职业学院（BVCOA）上演了一系列富有吸引力和创新性的演出。动词introducing后接名词作宾语。名词classic为可数名词，泛指，所以用复数形式。故填classics。
4．考查谓语动词。句意：按照Sommier关于将中国经典介绍给法国观众的建议，2005年，北京戏剧艺术职业学院（BVCOA）上演了一系列富有吸引力和创新性的演出。设空处作谓语，本句时间状语为 in 2005，所以使用一般过去时态。故填staged。
5．考查形容词。句意：按照Sommier关于将中国经典介绍给法国观众的建议，2005年，北京戏剧艺术职业学院（BVCOA）上演了一系列富有吸引力和创新性的演出。此处用形容词innovative与appealing并列，修饰名词performances。故填innovative。
6．考查定语从句。 句意：这些演出吸引了超过2.2万名法国学生，其中一半的学生参加了之后关于中国戏曲化妆和手势的研讨会。half of whom 引导定语从句，whom指代先行词French students作of宾语。故填whom。
7．考查连词。句意：索米尔总是希望观众真正明白，戏剧不是一种消费的产品，而是一种真正的文化相遇，一种通往我们想知道的东西的途径。此处 no... but...构成搭配，表示“不是……而是……”。故填but。
8．考查序数词。句意：2024年是中法建交60周年。本句意为中法建交60周年， 根据定冠词the和名词 anniversary可知，应使用序数词。故填sixtieth。
9．考查介词。句意：作为文化纽带，索米尔希望中法两国能以高质量的节目给对方留下深刻印象。impress sb. with sth. 表示“某物给某人留下印象，用某事物给某人留下深刻印象”。故填with。
10．考查名词。句意：他对文化交流的承诺是艺术将人们聚集在一起并促进全球和谐的力量的积极证明。形容词性物主代词His后接名词的单数形式作主语。故填commitment。
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