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北京市丰台区2024～2025学年度第二学期综合练习（一）
高三英语
2025.03
本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
笔试 共三部分（100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
I stepped out of the store, juggling a few shopping bags in my hands, looking forward to the drive home. As I reached my car, a wave of panic washed over me. I had ___1___ my keys and mobile phone inside the vehicle. In a moment of annoyance, I gave the tire a hard kick.
A teenager on a bike happened to pass by at that very moment. He stopped, and his eyes filled with ___2___. “What’s wrong ” he asked. I sighed deeply and explained my rather ___3___ situation. “But even if I could call my wife,” I added, my tone ___4___, “she can’t bring me the spare car key, since she’s taking care of our children at home.”
Without hesitation, he ___5___ me his mobile phone. “Call your wife and tell her I’m coming to get the spare key,” he said. I looked at him in ___6___. “That’s an 11-kilometre round trip!” I protested. But he was determined and said, “Don’t worry about it.”
An hour seemed to ___7___ as I waited anxiously. But true to his word, he ___8___ with the key in hand. I was overjoyed and immediately reached for my wallet to offer him some money as a gesture of my ___9___. However, he firmly refused. “Let’s just say I needed the exercise,” he said with a smile. Then, with a casual wave, he got back on his bike and rode off.
In a world that often seems focused on self-interest, his kindness was a shining example of the goodness that still exists. A simple act of ____10____ can have a profound impact on someone’s day.
1. A. placed B. hidden C. stored D. locked
2. A. hope B. sadness C. concern D. anxiety
3. A. unfortunate B. dangerous C. adventurous D. promising
4. A. relaxed B. exhausted C. excited D. defeated
5. A. left B. handed C. sent D. sold
6. A. disbelief B. anger C. regret D. fear
7. A. jump ahead B. fly by C. drag on D. come around
8. A. returned B. hesitated C. disappeared D. settled
9. A. kindness B. satisfaction C. admiration D. gratitude
10. A. devotion B. generosity C. courage D. sharing
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Whales swim by moving their tails up and down. This motion ____11____ (create) pressure pulses (脉冲) which harm their brains. However, whales find a way ____12____ (avoid) such damage. Research has revealed that a network of blood vessels (血管) in their brains plays a crucial role. It can maintain stable blood pressure, ____13____ (effective) reducing over 90% of the potential harm. This discovery also helps explain ____14____ seals, which don’t face the same issue, lack these structures.
B
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
In Traditional Chinese Medicine, cinnamon, known as “RouGui”, ____15____ (use) for centuries for its medicinal properties. It is considered a warming herb, meaning that it is believed to relieve pain and discomfort ____16____ (associate) with cold and damp conditions. Cinnamon can harmonize the body’s energies and enhance overall well-being, which makes it a must for those ____17____ want to improve their immune system.
C
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
Last December, I ordered a warm hamburger at a food store. As I left the store, I noticed there was an older poor gentleman ____18____ (sit) at the bus stop. Knowing it would probably be his only warm meal of the day, I ____19____ (give) him the hamburger. But all was not lost for me. Another customer offered me half of her hamburger. I was so delighted because I realised that ____20____ one way or another, we are all looked after.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
FREE FAMILY DAY PASS
National Trust
Looking for the perfect day out this March Whether you love peaceful woodland walks, birdwatching, or discovering new places surrounded by nature, the National Trust has something for everyone.
Thanks to this incredible offer, you can enjoy a FREE visit to a National Trust property of your choice. It will give you the perfect excuse to gather your loved ones and explore the great outdoors.
Start your year by reconnecting with nature and making unforgettable memories with family and friends. Don’t miss out on this wonderful opportunity to experience the beauty of National Trust sites — completely free!
HOW TO CLAIM
Cut out the voucher (代金券) below and present at your chosen National Trust location. Some National Trust properties require advance booking, please check the property website for full details. Certain places are excluded (排除在外) from this promotion, details can be found at reachforms.co.uk/nationaltrustpass.
FREE National Trust FAMILY PASS 1. This pass is single use and is effective once from the date of issue through to 31 December, 2025 inclusive. 2. This pass allows free admission at participating National Trust places for 2 adults and up to 3 children, or 1 adult and up to 4 children. Adults are aged 18 or over; children are aged under 17 inclusive. 3. This pass is for standard admission only and excludes parking, group entity, paid transport, and any paid events. 4. This pass is effective at participating National Trust places within advertised opening hours. Opening hours may be subject to change at any time and should be checked at nationaltrustpass.org.uk. 5. Present this pass to receive free admission at participating places. Pass holders who cannot present the pass, or visit an excluded place, will be charged the full admission price. 6. Only one pass per household will be permitted.
21. What can people enjoy with the National Trust’s offer
A. An outdoor activity close to nature.
B. A birdwatching photography course.
C. An exploration to national museums.
D. A visit to a treasure-themed exhibition.
22 One can get free admission by ________.
A. purchasing a digital pass on a website
B. showing the voucher at the selected site
C. submitting an application on the website
D. joining as a member of the National Trust
23. According to the passage, the pass ________.
A. allows free entry for a six-person family
B. includes free transport and parking
C. is limited to one per household
D. can be used more than once
B
For years, Robyn Elman, a nature advocate, has been passionately raising the endangered monarch butterflies in the cozy corner of her backyard. She collects the butterfly eggs from the milkweed plants — the only food for these delicate creatures — alongside the highways. Each time she goes on her journey to the highways, she hopes these little eggs, which are as precious as hidden treasures, will hatch (孵化) into many beautiful creatures. They will slowly make the group which is getting smaller gradually breathe new life.
But reality destroyed her hopes last year. Instead of being greeted by the green milkweed plants, she was met with the desolate sight of mowed stubs (修剪过的草茬) and destroyed eggs. The milkweed plants had been cut down, and all left were short stubs. She felt a deep sense of loss. “Is there really no hope for these delicate, flying creatures ” she whispered to herself, her heart as heavy as a big piece of lead.
Even as pain consumed her, Robyn remained determined. She teamed up with other nature lovers. They reached out to Frank Coniglio, the city’s director of highway maintenance, urging him to cut the butterflies a break. At first, Frank was doubtful. He thought, “How important can this be What difference will it make It’s just some butterflies and plants.” But as Robyn and her friends poured out their worries, and kept explaining the importance of the issue, Frank began to understand. He finally realised, “What happens to the butterflies is going to happen to us, isn’t it ”, as if a light bulb had suddenly switched on in his mind.
Frank went to work on studying more about monarch butterflies, and finally he supported their cause, and took decisive action. He stopped mowing in certain areas, drawing an invisible line of protection. So far, around 20 patches of milkweed plants, like oases in the urban desert, have been protected across the city. “We’re making a real difference,” Frank said proudly.
Thanks to their combined efforts, the monarch butterflies now have a brighter future, and the city’s ecosystem is on the path to positive transformation.
24. As a nature advocate, Robyn Elman ________.
A. grows some milkweed in her backyard
B. raises butterflies alongside the highway
C. collects butterfly eggs and hatches them
D. studies milkweed and proves them valuable
25. How did Robyn feel upon seeing the mowed stubs
A. Upset and disappointed. B. Angry and annoyed.
C. Embarrassed and ashamed. D. Terrified and confused.
26. What did Frank do to help protect the monarch butterflies
A. He raised the awareness of the public.
B. He studied the local natural ecosystem.
C. He protected milkweed in certain areas.
D. He moved the butterflies to a safe place.
27. What can we conclude from this passage
A. Wildlife conservation takes a back seat to urban development.
B. Government policies play a main role in wildlife conservation.
C. The damage of habitats has long-term impact on the ecosystem.
D. Commitment and cooperation cause positive ecological outcomes.
C
During WW II, mathematician Alan Turing gathered a team of logic experts to decode enemy messages, a key step toward victory. If there was one branch of mathematics which could be said they were using systematically, it was symbolic logic. However, the curriculum designs that methodically develop students’ symbolic logic abilities are relatively rare.
Symbolic logic is a form of mathematics that lets us check whether certain conclusions correctly follow from a set of facts. Consider a library book-theft case. If a suspect wasn’t in the library on the day the theft happened, they can’t be the thief. If present, they may or may not be. Being in the library doesn’t mean they stole the book. Symbolic logic turns this kind of argument into algebra (代数学), readily shared, solved and generalized for solving mysteries.
For careers such as electrical engineering and computer science, the value of symbolic logic is undeniable. The fundamental building blocks of modern digital computers are circuits representing “AND” and “OR”, which are common in symbolic logic. Almost every computer program contains similar “if-then-else” logical conditions. Professional programmers must routinely write and troubleshoot such statements.
But symbolic logic is not solely limited to technical fields. Rutgers University mathematician Gray Wenger argues that teaching responsible citizenship requires providing students with mathematical reasoning skills. For example, consider a debate over a study finding that most adults without high-school certificates earn less. A responsible citizen must think through the implications along the lines of the book-theft case example above. No certificate likely means lower income, but low income doesn’t mean no certificate. Training in symbolic logic makes these sorts of reasonings sink into their cognitive processes and become second nature to citizens.
In addition, symbolic logic equips individuals to counter false claims by distinguishing between separate incidents and systematic evidence. The most effective strategy for this lies in preventive education — teaching people to recognize faulty reasoning at its source. Consider, for instance, some global-warming doubters use one day of cold weather as proof that global warming is a hoax (骗局). But a logical thinker can quickly spot that weather is short-term, while climate is long-term change.
Some doubt the need for a separate symbolic logic course, believing other classes can do the job. In writing courses, for example, students learn how to spot illogical arguments, and elementary proofs are covered in trigonometry (三角学). Much can be gained by teaching people logical thinking without using any symbols. But only symbolic logic ensures logical strictness. A piecemeal approach isn’t enough; a full-semester course is needed for comprehensive learning.
Symbolic logic is essential for intellectual development. By integrating symbolic logic into educational frameworks, we equip future generations with the intellectual tools to navigate complex challenges. Training for it must be included in the curriculum and cannot be left to chance.
28. According to the passage, symbolic logic can play a primary role when ________.
A. a chef is creating a new recipe by combining different materials
B. a student is deciding which club to join based on personal interests
C. a doctor is identifying one’s illness by using signs and test findings
D. a journalist is writing a feature article by interviewing local people
29. What does the phrase “second nature” underlined in Paragraph 4 probably mean
A. A routine practice. B. An automatic ability.
C. An essential tool. D. A necessary quality.
30. From the passage, we learn that symbolic logic ________.
A tells the difference between separate incidents
B. is mainly applied in solving mathematical puzzles
C. questions the basic principles of modern computers
D. enables people to detect and challenge false arguments
31. The author may agree that current symbolic logic education is ________.
A. unsatisfying for the lack of symbolic logic courses
B. problematic and ignores logical reasoning practice
C. acceptable if alternative courses are available
D. manageable and will improve naturally
D
Recent findings from the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument(DESI) in Arizona, which produced the largest 3D map of the universe, suggest that dark energy — the mysterious force driving the universe’s accelerated( 加速的) expansion — might change over time. This challenges the standard model of cosmology (宇宙学), which assumes a steady acceleration.
Dark energy is thought to make up nearly 70% of the cosmos, so if its behaviour really is changing as time passes, it could have significant implications for our understanding of the universe.
Since the DESI data came out, researchers have been working on ways to explain the apparent changes in the universe’s expansion rate. Dark energy isn’t directly observable, so there are several options that could fit. One solution suggested by Michael Garda at the Federal University in Brazil and his colleagues involves letting dark energy interact with dark matter, an invisible and abundant form of matter that outweighs ordinary matter. This interaction is forbidden in the standard model, but if energy could flow from the universe’s dark matter to its dark energy — essentially changing the former to the latter — the researchers’ simulations (模拟) showed that this would match the DESI measurements. Yet, the mechanism for such an energy transfer isn’t clear.
This solution might also help resolve the Hubble tension, a difference in the ways we measure the expansion rate of the cosmos. Measurements of this made by analysing nearby galaxies (known as “local” measurements) give an expansion rate, or Hubble constant, which is slightly higher than the one obtained from the cosmic microwave background (CMB) — the remaining radiation from the early universe. CMB measurements rely on a theoretical model of cosmic evolution, which may need adjustment if Garda’s proposal is correct. By allowing energy transfer between dark matter and dark energy, the adjusted model could bring CMB-based estimates more closely into line with local measurements, potentially resolving the tension.
Another proposed solution involves dark radiation, an invisible form of radiation similar to light but composed of dark photons (光子). Tamar Allali at Brown University and his team suggest that dark radiation could explain the DESI data and lessened the Hubble tension by increasing the universe’s expansion rate in its early stages. “If you have more radiation, the expansion is faster in the early universe,” says Allali. Unlike adjustments to dark energy, dark radiation introduces a new component without changing existing physical laws, making it a more conservative approach. Allali notes that the DESI data does not rule out dark radiation and even shows a slight preference for it.
Both models — interacting dark energy and dark radiation — fit the DESI data, but neither has been confirmed. Shawn Smith at the University of Edinburgh, UK, points out that while many unconventional models could explain the observations, none currently compete with the standard cosmological model from a fundamental physics perspective. Nevertheless, these models serve as catalysts for progress, ensuring that cosmology remains a dynamic and evolving field.
32. What does this passage mainly talk about
A. The development of scientific models to study the universe.
B. The discovery of dark energy and its impact on the universe.
C. The importance of DESI in studying the universe’s behavior.
D. The attempts to explain the universe’s unexpected expansion.
33. Which of the following might the author agree with
A. Garda’s proposal outperforms Allali’s in its simplicity.
B. Recent research has found ways for dark energy transfer.
C. The DESI data has confirmed the existence of dark radiation.
D. The two models share similarities in reducing Hubble tension.
34 The passage is organized in the pattern of ________.
A. cause — effect — solution B. problem— solution — evaluation
C. example —a nalysis — conclusion D. introduction — comparison — result
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Experts have warned that an obsession (痴迷) with healthy eating can cause mental health problems. A survey among mental health professionals found 90% of those surveyed, like in previous research, had seen patients with orthorexia nervosa (ON). ____35____
The survey found some patients cut out foods like fish, meat or dairy, considering them “unclean”. Their fixation on “pure” foods leads to deficiencies (缺陷) like iron-deficiency anaemia or vitamin B12 deficiency. For example, Dr Niket Sonpal found that his patients didn’t consume enough calories, minerals, protein or carbohydrates. Some patients even cut out entire food groups after the big dinners of holidays. ____36____
The term ON was coined in 1997 by Dr. Steven Bratman. He noticed patients’ extreme diets caused malnutrition, anxiety, and even death. ____37____ It poses a significant challenge. Healthcare providers may not be trained to spot the signs easily, and patients might not be aware their eating habits. As a result, diagnosis and treatment are delayed.
____38____ Healthcare providers need to be attentive to identify and deal with ON in patients, providing support such as nutritional advice, psychological aid, and diet-diversity education. The public needs to know the risks of overly strict eating. ____39____ True well-being comes from a healthy relationship with food, not an obsession with “clean” eating. By taking these steps, we can prevent mental health issues caused by fixating on healthy eating and promote a culture where food brings both nourishment and joy.
A. Despite its risks, ON isn’t officially recognised as an eating disorder.
B. Some online health communities provide some self-treatment methods.
C. ON patients showed doubled depression rates compared to non-sufferers.
D. Media and social platforms can promote a more realistic view of nutrition.
E. Hence, experts warned that a healthy diet should not simply be seen as a source of restriction.
F. In light of the findings, the medical community and the public should take a balanced view on healthy eating.
G. Basically, orthorexia is a fixation on eating only healthy or pure foods, or what an individual perceives as healthy or pure.
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。
In the digital age, technology is transforming how we communicate and interact. What were once science-fiction tech ideas are now reality. In the 2002 film Minority Report, John Anderton used a data glove, and now touch-based computing is common. Similar gaming interaction methods have appeared since 2006. These are just a taste of what’s to come.
MIT computer scientist Thomas Koffler predicted that virtual touch-based computing is the future of human-computer interfaces. He also suggested that an even more exciting area of research, one that will transform how we communicate with computers over the longer term, is so-called brain-computer interface (BCI).
Today’s research on BCI works on a related idea: the brain makes use of electrical signals an electrical code, to send and process information. As the brain runs on electrical signals, assuming these can be accurately read, the signals thus allow us to communicate with external devices through the transmission of electrical impulses (脉冲) directly from the brain. In theory, it should be possible to use brain signals that move your arm and hand to control a robotic arm, e.g., to pick up a coffee cup.
Research of this kind is ongoing. Cochlear implants (人工耳蜗), allowing the hard of hearing to hear, are currently the most widely available use for this technology. The principle of BCI enables brain signals to communicate with the implant, thereby overcoming the damaged part of the ear. In the future, it may be possible for implants in the brain to allow us to communicate directly with and control a wide variety of devices, using the power of thought alone.
Today, computers and smartphones with fixed cameras enable real-time face-to-face chat. Next up could be telepresence robots, which let a person remotely see, move around, and interact. Ideal for tele-conferencing and remote site tours, their potential is clear. Ultimately, the driving force behind digital communication’s next stage is the cooperative intelligence that makes humans exceptional communicators.
40. According to Thomas Koffler, what will transform the way we communicate with computers over the longer term
_____________________________________________________________________________________
41. How do electrical signals allow us to communicate with external devices
_____________________________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The principle of BCI enables brain signals to directly fix the damaged part of the ear.
_____________________________________________________________________________________
43. Do you think BCI will make our lives better Why or why not (In about 40 words)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（20分）
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，你的外国好友Jim打算在学校举办的世界非物质文化遗产展示周（World Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition Week）中介绍中国非物质文化遗产，发来邮件询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回信，内容包括：
1. 你推荐的非物质文化遗产；
2. 简要说明理由。
注意：1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
北京市丰台区2024～2025学年度第二学期综合练习（一）
高三英语
2025.03
本试卷共12页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
笔试 共三部分（100分）
第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【1~10题答案】
【答案】1. D 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. B
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）
A
【11~14题答案】
【答案】11 creates
12. to avoid
13. effectively
14. why
B
【15~17题答案】
【答案】15. has been used
16. associated
17. who
C
【18~20题答案】
【答案】18. sitting
19. gave 20. in
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，38分）
第一节（共14小题；每小题2分，共28分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
【21~23题答案】
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C
B
【24~27题答案】
【答案】24. C 25. A 26. C 27. D
C
【28~31题答案】
【答案】28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A
D
【32~34题答案】
【答案】32. D 33. D 34. B
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
【35~39题答案】
【答案】35. G 36. E 37. A 38. F 39. D
第三部分 书面表达（共两节，32分）
第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）
【40~43题答案】
【答案】40. Brain-computer interface.
41. By transmitting the electrical impulses directly from the brain./ Through the transmission of electrical impulses directly from the brain.
42. The principle of BCI enables brain signals to directly flex the damaged part of the car. The principle of BCI enables brain signals to communicate with the implant to overcome the damaged part of the car, not directly fix it.
43. Yes, I think BCI will make our lives better. It can help disabled people regain certain functions, improve quality of life, and potentially enable more efficient communication and control methods in the future.
第二节（20分）
【44题答案】
【答案】
Dear Jim,
I’m thrilled to hear that you’re introducing Chinese intangible cultural heritage at the World Intangible Cultural Heritage Exhibition Week. I’d highly recommend Chinese paper-cutting.
Paper-cutting, with a history spanning over 1,500 years, is a traditional folk art in China. It involves cutting intricate designs from paper using scissors or knives. Not only does it showcase the remarkable craftsmanship of Chinese artisans, but it also carries profound cultural meanings, often symbolizing good luck, happiness, and prosperity. It’s a wonderful way to experience the charm of Chinese culture firsthand.
I believe your presentation will be a great success. Good luck!
Yours,
Li Hua

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