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阅读理解之说明文15篇
(河南中考真题+中考模拟)
河南中考真题练
（2024·河南·中考真题）An old saying used for forecasting (预测) the weather says, “Red sky at night, sailors’ delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors (水手) take warning.” Is the saying true It turns out that it is. A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming.
Forecasting the weather has been practiced for thousands of years. In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. They used signs in nature to forecast the weather. But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance (提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts. Pilots, farmers and many other people depend on these forecasts. Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smart phone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming.
If you are looking for some signs of the weather, pay attention to nature. There are two basic rules used in weather forecasting: Weather generally moves from west to east, and low air pressure (压力) usually means rain or snow. So pay attention to the signs. If rainbows form in the west at sunrise, the sun is on the way. Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air. What are the ants doing Are they moving to higher ground This could mean a drop in air pressure. Are the birds flying low or high Falling air pressure may influence birds’ ears, so they fly low. And if the sky is red at sunset, you might plan a picnic for the next day!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What is the old saying about
A．The beauty of sunrise. B．The night sky.
C．The signs of the weather. D．The sailors’ work.
2．What does the underlined word “meteorologists” mean
A．The persons who give daily weather reports on TV.
B．The persons who carry out research on natural history.
C．The persons who take an interest in plants and animals.
D．The persons who do scientific studies of weather conditions.
3．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2
A．By listing the reasons for terrible weather.
B．By telling a true story about weather forecasting.
C．By introducing different ways of forecasting the weather.
D．By mentioning the difficulties in forecasting the weather.
4．What do we know from the last paragraph
A．It’ll be sunny if ants move to higher places.
B．The smells of flowers are stronger in wet air.
C．Birds fly higher because of the low air pressure.
D．It’ll rain if rainbows form in the west at sunrise.
5．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text
A．To encourage people to get close to nature.
B．To express the need for weather forecasting.
C．To explain nature can tell us about the weather.
D．To discuss how important weather forecasting is.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文主要介绍利用自然界的迹象来预报天气。
1．细节理解题。根据“A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming.”可知，日落时的红色天空可能意味着太阳落山的西方天空晴朗。日出时天空呈红色通常意味着晴朗的天气已经过去，因此暴风雨可能即将来临。所以这句谚语是关于天气的迹象，故选C。
2．词句猜测题。根据“But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance (提前).”可知，提前发布准确的预报的应该是气象学家，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. ... Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smart phone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming.”可知，希腊人利用自然界的迹象来预报天气，气象学家使用科学仪器研究世界各地的天气状况并做出预测，也可以看一下智能手机或打开电视来了解天气。所以作者在第二段通过介绍不同的天气预报方法展开他的观点，故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air.”可知，闻闻花——它们的气味在潮湿的空气中更强烈。故选B。
5．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍利用自然界的迹象来预报天气，是在解释自然可以告诉我们天气情况。故选C。
河南中考模拟真题练
（2025·河南平顶山·模拟预测）There’s nothing quite like falling sound asleep after a full day of work. Like people, animals need to rest after working hard. Some animals sleep in water. Others dig holes under the ground. Some even sleep high in trees or under leaves. But they all find a way to rest.
Some animals in the sea sleep in strange ways. Fish sleep with their eyes open. They seem to look ahead far into the sea while they rest. Sea otters sometimes sleep in beds of the plants that grow in the sea. This keeps them from moving away. Parrotfish blow something from their mouths when they are ready to sleep. Then a bubble (气泡) will be formed around them. The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep.
Some animals sleep under the ground. Chipmunks (花栗鼠) sleep curled up (蜷缩) in a ball. Their beds are made of leaves and grass. In winter, they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again. Some desert frogs dig underground holes during the hot, dry season. A frog may stay in its hole for months.
High above the ground, monkeys find leafy places in trees each evening before they sleep. The tall trees help to keep monkeys safe during the night. Some insects even sleep under the leaf that will be their next meal. A bee may climb down into a flower to rest. When it climbs out the next morning, it is rested and ready for work.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Why does parrotfish blow a bubble when they sleep
A．Because the bubble can make them look more beautiful.
B．Because the bubble can make them look more colorful.
C．Because the bubble can protect them from harm while they sleep.
D．Because the bubble can make a sweet dream for their children.
2．What do we know about chipmunks according to the text
A．They wake up now and then in winter. B．They never sleep curled up in a ball.
C．They rest with their eyes open. D．They don’t eat any food during the winter.
3．What’s the right order of the animals according to the passage
A．sea otters →fish →parrotfish →frogs →monkeys →chipmunks →bees
B．fish →sea otters →parrotfish →chipmunks →monkeys →frogs →bees
C．sea otters →fish →chipmunks →frogs →parrotfish →monkeys→bees
D．fish →sea otters →parrotfish →chipmunks →frogs→monkeys→bees
4．What is the structure of the passage (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …)
A． B． C． D．
5．What’s the main idea of this passage
A．Where do the animals live B．How do the animals sleep
C．Why do the animals move D．What do the animals feed on
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文介绍了不同动物在海水中、地下或高处等各自不同的睡眠方式，以及它们如何在睡眠时保护自己或获取所需。
1．细节理解题。根据“The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep.”可知，鹦鹉鱼吹气泡是为了保护自己免受伤害。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Chipmunks (花栗鼠) sleep curled up (蜷缩) in a ball…In winter, they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again.”可知，花栗鼠在冬天会不时醒来。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Fish…Sea otters…Parrotfish”、“Chipmunks…Some desert frogs”以及“monkeys…A bee”可知，正确的顺序是鱼→海獭→鹦鹉鱼→花栗鼠→青蛙→猴子→蜜蜂。故选D。
4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出动物有不同的睡眠方式，属于总述；第二段介绍海里的动物；第三段介绍睡在地下的动物；第四段介绍睡在地上的动物，所以C项符合。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍不同动物的睡眠方式，B项符合。故选B。
（2025·河南焦作·二模）You might feel full after having a big meal. But you may actually suffer from “hidden hunger”. This means that the food you eat is not giving you the nutrition (营养) that your body needs. This happens when food lacks (缺乏) the vitamins (维生素) and minerals (矿物质), proteins (蛋白质) and other elements (元素) people need to stay healthy.
At present, “hidden hunger” affects 2 billion people worldwide, including 300 million people in China. It is most commonly seen among children and teenagers. And it can result in heart disease, blindness or even death.
Many Chinese people don’t get enough iron, calcium (钙), vitamin A and vitamin D．One main reason is that agricultural products (农产品) don’t have many of these nutrients. Over 40 percent of China’s farmland is losing its vitamins and minerals, so the crops that grow on it have less nutrition.
Many of the processed foods that people enjoy eating today, such as burgers and cookies, have made the situation worse. Vitamins and minerals are easily lost when these foods are processed.
In response, China’s government has made several action plans to improve public health, as well as develop nutritious foods.
Eating more fresh nutrition-rich food like vegetables, whole grains (全麦) and milk can help us stay healthy. For vegetables like carrots, boiling and steaming can better keep their nutrition when compared to frying them.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．According to the passage, what is “hidden hunger”
A．The food you eat doesn’t make you feel full after a big meal.
B．The food you eat doesn’t provide you with the nutrition you need.
C．The food only lacks the vitamins and minerals you need to stay healthy.
D．The food can make you have stomachaches.
2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．“Hidden hunger” can result in heart disease, blindness or death.
B．What China’s government has done to change the problem.
C．Why Chinese people lack some vitamins and minerals.
D．How vitamins and minerals go into food.
3．Which one is not the reason why people can’t get proper nutrition
A．People eat too much processed foods such as burgers and cookies.
B．Over 40 percent of China’s farmland is losing its vitamins and minerals.
C．Children and teenagers are in poor health.
D．Some agricultural products don't have many nutrients.
4．The underlined word “processed” means ______.
A．污染的 B．加工的 C．出口的 D．改进的
5．What can we infer from the passage
A．Children and teenagers are less likely to suffer from “hidden hunger”.
B．Too many crops that are grown by people make farmland lose its nutrition.
C．When we cook cabbages, we can boil them to keep more nutrition.
D．Eating more fresh nutrition-rich food will make people fat.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C
【导语】本文讲述了“隐性饥饿”这一现象及其影响、原因和应对措施。
1．细节理解题。根据“This means that the food you eat is not giving you the nutrition (营养) that your body needs.”可知，“隐性饥饿”是指食物无法提供身体所需的营养。故选B。
2．段落大意题。第三段主要说明中国人缺乏铁、钙、维生素A和D的原因，包括农产品营养不足和耕地营养流失。故选C。
3．细节理解题。A选项对应原文“Many of the processed foods that people enjoy eating today, such as burgers and cookies, have made the situation worse. Vitamins and minerals are easily lost when these foods are processed.”，即人们吃太多加工食品会使情况更糟，因为加工过程中维生素和矿物质容易流失；B选项对应原文“Over 40 percent of China’s farmland is losing its vitamins and minerals, so the crops that grow on it have less nutrition.”，说明农田营养流失导致作物营养少；D选项也在原文中有提及，是人们缺乏营养的原因之一。而C选项儿童和青少年健康状况不佳并不是人们不能获得适当营养的原因，只是说“隐性饥饿”最常见于儿童和青少年群体。故选C。
4．词义猜测题。根据“Many of the processed foods that people enjoy eating today, such as burgers and cookies, have made the situation worse. Vitamins and minerals are easily lost when these foods are processed.”可知，像汉堡和曲奇这类人们喜欢吃的食物，在制作过程中维生素和矿物质容易流失，可推测“processed”意思是“加工的”，汉堡和曲奇是经过加工的食品。故选B。
5．推理判断题。根据“boiling and steaming can better keep their nutrition”可推知，煮或蒸蔬菜能保留更多营养。C项符合文意；故选C。
（2025·河南许昌·一模）The company OpenAI introduced ChatGPT to the world. It is the latest type of AI chatboxes. A chatbox is a computer program that simulates (模仿) human conversation. Anyone can use ChatGPT now so that the company can collect people’s ideas on how to improve it.
People have tested how ChatGPT works. Reporters found out that it was able to write articles with rightful opinions for newspapers. Teachers asked it to. write answers to exam questions. ChatGPT could almost get full marks. Even programmers, people who write computer code, tried out ChatGPT. It was able to solve difficult coding challenges and answer very quickly. It even wrote short poems to explain how the coding worked. In our daily life, it helped a father brainstorm ideas of a birthday party for his son that combined the kid's two favorites, rabbits and basketball.
Moreover, when people ask ChatGPT questions, it can find mistakes. If it is asked what happened when Columbus arrived in America in 2023, older AIs might give a story. ChatGPT can recognize that Columbus reached America in the 1400s. It can also refuse to answer questions that are not proper. For example, ask it for advice on stealing a car. It will say that stealing a car is a serious crime and can have bad results. Instead, it gives advice such as “taking the bus”.
ChatGPT might help people solve problems, but the AI is trained using texts from the Internet. Often, the texts are used without being allowed by the writers of those texts. Some argue that technology doesn't respect people's work. Some argue that people will use the ChatGPT to copy others' work and sell it as their own. In 2015, Elon Musk cofounded (共同创立) OpenAI, but left it in 2018. In 2022, he bought a famous social media platform and then he pointed out that OpenAI could use the platform's database for training in the past, but not for now. Some think this AI technology is bad for the earth, too. Training ChatGPT might make more than 284 tons of CO2 and lead to climate change that will heat up the earth.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．From the text we know that ChatGPT ________.
A．always provides wrong answers B．needs to improve itself
C．only collects teachers’ ideas D．helps train programmers
2．What does the underlined word “brainstorm” mean in Chinese in Paragraph 2
A．侧耳倾听 B．长吁短叹 C．走马观花 D．集思广益
3．Which of the following is most probably a conversation with ChatGPT
A．Q: What happened after paper was invented in America
AI: Paper started to change how knowledge was spread.
B．Q: Is Li Bai, a poet in modern China, famous all over the world
AI: Yes, because his poems are fantastic.
C．Q: Show me how to use other people’s bank card without being noticed.
AI: For your information, that is against the law.
D．Q: Find something for my mum as a Mother’s Day gift. She likes classic music and cooking
AI: Among all the gifts listed online, there's no such gift.
4．What can we know from Paragraph 4
A．Training ChatGPT is good for the climate on the earth.
B．ChatGPT used texts after being allowed by the writers.
C．Musk bought the famous social media platform's database for OpenAI to use.
D．Musk stopped OpenAI from using the famous social media platform's database.
5．What’s the structure of the text （①=Paragraph ②=Paragraph…）
A．B． C． D．
【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了OpenAI公司推出的ChatGPT，具体包括它能做什么以及存在的一些问题。
1．细节理解题。根据“Anyone can use ChatGPT for free now so that the company can collect people’s ideas on how to improve it.”可知，现在我们可以免费使用ChatGPT，这样公司可以收集人们的想法，帮助它进行改进。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据“In our daily life, it helped a father brainstorm ideas of a birthday party for his son that combines the kid’s two favorites, rabbits and basketball.”可知，ChatGPT结合了孩子最喜欢的两种东西，兔子和篮球，帮助一位父亲为他儿子的生日聚会集思广益，因此“brainstorm”的含义为“集思广益”。故选D。
3．推理判断题。根据“It can also refuse to answer questions that are not proper. For example, ask it for advice on stealing a car. It will say that stealing a car is a serious crime and can have bad results.”可知，ChatGPT会拒绝回答不恰当的问题；由此推知如果你向ChatGPT询问如何使用其他人的银行卡，它会告诉你这与法律相悖。故选C。
4．推理判断题。根据“In 2022, he bought Twitter and then he pointed out that OpenAI could use the Twitter database for training in the past, but not for now.”可知，马斯克指出OpenAI过去可以使用Twitter数据库进行训练，但现在不行；由此推知马斯克阻止OpenAI使用Twitter数据库。故选D。
5．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段是引出本文的话题ChatGPT；第二、三段介绍了ChatGPT能做什么；第四段是介绍它可能存在的一些问题。结合选项，C选项符合文章结构。故选C。
（2025·河南驻马店·模拟预测）
I like going to stores, but how do you know if a store has what you want The great thing about shopping online is saving time! There are so many choices, and it doesn’t take much time to find what you want! (Jake, Sydney, Australia)
The first time I bought something online, I was a little nervous. I didn’t know how they were going to ship it. But it arrived OK. Now the only problem is that I do too much shopping online. And because I don’t have to go out much anymore, I’m not very fit! (Mari, Lima, Peru)
I wanted to buy a new pair of sunglasses, but I was too busy to go to the stores in the city center. So I decided to order them online. They arrived quickly, but they were broken and the case looked used! So I had to go to the store to change them. What a waste of time! (Troy, Jersey City, USA)
I bought a lot of electronics online last year, and everything was a good deal. The problem is that someone stole my credit card (信用卡) information and went shopping. My advice is: Be very careful when you shop online! (Eric, Ottawa, Canada)
I buy all my things online—it’s so cool! I never have to go to the mall or wait in line to pay. And I don’t have to go around to different stores to compare prices. The only problem is that I usually spend too much money! (Nancy, Seattle, USA)
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Who does all the shopping online
A．Jake. B．Mari. C．Eric. D．Nancy.
2．How did Mari feel when she first shopped online
A．Disappointed. B．Excited. C．Worried. D．Interested.
3．What was Troy’s opinion on his online shopping experience
A．It saved money. B．It wasted time.
C．It harmed health. D．It provided choices.
4．What will NOT Eric probably use next time when he shops online
A．cash (现金). B．Alipay.
C．credit card. D．debit card (储蓄卡).
5．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The reason why they like to go shopping.
B．The disadvantage of shopping online.
C．The advantage of shopping online.
D．The advantage and disadvantage of shopping online.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文介绍了几个人对网购的看法。
1．细节理解题。根据“I buy all my things online—it’s so cool!”可知，Nancy所有东西都在网上购买。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“The first time I bought something online, I was a little nervous.”可知，她起初感到紧张，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据“They arrived quickly, but they were broken and the case looked used! So I had to go to the store to change them. What a waste of time!”可知，Troy在网上买的太阳镜损坏，还不得不去店里更换，觉得浪费时间。故选B。
4．推理判断题。根据“...The problem is that someone stole my credit card (信用卡) information and went shopping. My advice is: Be very careful when you shop online!”可知，Eric信用卡信息被盗刷，下次很可能不会再用信用卡。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文中五位人分别提到网购的各种优缺点，中心是网购的好处与坏处。故选D。
（2025·河南平顶山·一模）There’s nothing quite like falling sound asleep after a full day of work. Like people, animals need to rest after working hard. Some animals sleep in water. Others dig holes under the ground. Some even sleep high in trees or under leaves. But they all find a way to rest.
Some animals in the sea sleep in strange ways. Fish sleep with their eyes open. They seem to look ahead far into the sea while they rest. Sea otters sometimes sleep in beds of the plants that grow in the sea. This keeps them from moving away. Parrotfish blow something from their mouths when they are ready to sleep. Then a bubble (气泡) will be formed around them. The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep.
Some animals sleep under the ground. Chipmunks (花栗鼠) sleep curled up (蜷缩) in a ball. Their beds are made of leaves and grass. In winter, they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again. Some desert frogs dig underground holes during the hot, dry season. A frog may stay in its hole for months.
High above the ground, monkeys find leafy places in trees each evening before they sleep. The tall trees help to keep monkeys safe during the night. Some insects even sleep under the leaf that will be their next meal. A bee may climb down into a flower to rest. When it climbs out the next morning, it is rested and ready for work.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Why does parrotfish blow a bubble when they sleep
A．Because the bubble can make them look more beautiful.
B．Because the bubble can make them look more colorful.
C．Because the bubble can protect them from harm while they sleep.
D．Because the bubble can make a sweet dream for their children.
2．What do we know about chipmunks according to the text
A．They wake up now and then in winter. B．They never sleep curled up in a ball.
C．They rest with their eyes open. D．They don’t eat any food during the winter.
3．What’s the right order of the animals according to the passage
A．sea otters → fish → parrotfish → frogs → monkeys → chipmunks → bees
B．fish → sea otters → parrotfish → chipmunks → monkeys → frogs → bees
C．sea otters → fish → chipmunks → frogs → parrotfish → monkeys → bees
D．fish → sea otters → parrotfish → chipmunks → frogs → monkeys → bees
4．What is the structure of the passage ( ① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2, … )
A． B． C． D．
5．What’s the main idea of this passage
A．Where do the animals live B．How do the animals sleep
C．Why do the animals move D．What do the animals feed on
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B
【导语】本文介绍了不同动物在海水中、地下或高处等各自不同的睡眠方式，以及它们如何在睡眠时保护自己或获取所需。
1．细节理解题。根据“Parrotfish blow something from their mouths when they are ready to sleep. Then a bubble (气泡) will be formed around them. The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep.”可知，鹦鹉鱼吹气泡是为了保护自己免受伤害。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“Chipmunks (花栗鼠) sleep curled up (蜷缩) in a ball…In winter, they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again.”可知，花栗鼠在冬天会不时醒来。故选A。
3．细节理解题。根据“Fish…Sea otters…Parrotfish”、“Chipmunks…Some desert frogs”以及“monkeys…A bee”可知，正确的顺序是鱼→海獭→鹦鹉鱼→花栗鼠→青蛙→猴子→蜜蜂。故选D。
4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引出动物有不同的睡眠方式，属于总述；第二段介绍海里的动物；第三段介绍睡在地下的动物；第四段介绍睡在地上的动物，所以C项符合。故选C。
5．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章介绍不同动物的睡眠方式，B项符合。故选B。
（2025·河南周口·二模）Can animals predict (预测) earthquakes and other natural disasters Many people seem to think so. Is there any real science behind this popular belief
As far back as 2300 years ago, the ancient Greeks noticed that mice and snakes would “behave strangely days before a big earthquake.”However, there isn’t enough scientific proof that animals can predict earthquakes, at least not days before they happen.
When an earthquake strikes, it produces two types of energy waves. The smaller one is called a Primary Wave or“P wave”. It arrives a couple of minutes before the larger Secondary Wave, or “S wave”. The “P wave” travels faster because it can move through solids (固体), liquids (液体) and gases, while the “S wave” can only pass through solids. Very few people notice the “P wave”, but animals often can, thanks to their amazing senses.
With their super sense of smell, some wild animals can tell when a fire is burning nearby. But they have no way of knowing when and where fires will start ahead of time. Today, global warming has made wildfires more common. So it is harder than ever for animals from all over the earth to survive these disasters.
A new study suggests that some birds may be able to sense storms much earlier than humans. The researchers studied a type of songbird. In certain years, these birds began migrating (迁徙) months earlier than usual. They always migrate during the storm seasons. The researchers consider the birds unusual behavior to be a predictor of storms. But more research will be needed to prove this.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．How does the writer begin the text
A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers.
C．By asking a question. D．By using an old saying.
2．What is the difference between the “P wave” and the “S wave”
A．The “P wave” is larger than the “S wave”.
B．The “S wave” can only pass through liquids.
C．The “S wave” travels faster than the “P wave”.
D．The “P wave” can move through more materials.
3．What does the underlined word “global” mean in the text
A．Covering the whole earth. B．Reaching the half of the earth.
C．Touching some parts of the earth. D．Referring to a small part of the earth.
4．What did the researchers find about the songbirds
A．They could predict storms. B．They could predict wildfires.
C．They could predict earthquakes. D．They could predict global warming.
5．In which part of a magazine can you read the text
A．History and culture. B．Science and nature.
C．Business and economy. D．Health and lifestyle.
【答案】1．C 2．D 3．A 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了动物是否能预测地震和其他自然灾害的科学依据，并分析了动物感知能力的局限性及部分研究案例。
1．推理判断题。根据“Can animals predict earthquakes and other natural disasters ”可知，该文是以提问的方式开篇的。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据“The ‘P wave’...can move through solids (固体), liquids (液体) and gases, while the ‘S wave’ can only pass through solids”可知，“P波”能穿过固体、液体和气体，而“S波”仅能穿过固体，所以说“P波”能穿过更多的介质。故选D。
3．词句猜测题。根据“global warming has made wildfires more common...for animals from all over the earth to survive these disasters.”可知，这里是指全球变暖影响全球动物，可推测出划线单词“global”的意思为“全球性的”。故选A。
4．细节理解题。根据“The researchers consider the birds’ unusual behavior to be a predictor of storms”可知，研究者认为鸟类异常行为是风暴预兆。故选A。
5．推理判断题。全文主要围绕动物感知自然灾害的科学性展开，属于自然科学范畴。故选B。
（2025·河南驻马店·一模）。
The Amazon River is in the north of South America. It is 6,400 kilometers long. This makes it the second-longest river in the world. But the Amazon River has much more water in it than any other river. The water that flows (流) into the Atlantic Ocean every second is a few times greater than the total flow of the other three biggest rivers in the world. That is why it is called the world’s biggest river.
The Amazon River is very important to the earth. It plays an important role in keeping the balance of nature. It is home to so many different kinds of animals and plants. Many of them can’t be easily found anywhere else on the earth. The rainforests along the Amazon River are known as the “lungs of the earth”. They release (释放) a large amount of O and take in a lot of CO , which is a great help to the global climate (全球气候).
However, what worries us is that the Amazon River and its rainforests are facing serious problems. One of the biggest problems is that people overcut trees. It seems these people have some proper reasons for this, such as farming, and building houses and roads. As a result, many animals have lost their homes. And, a lot of plants are endangered, too. Besides, pollution is also a big problem. Industrial waste and chemicals are being poured into the river, which makes the water in the Amazon River become dirtier and dirtier. At the same time, this also has a bad influence on the lives in the river.
Now some methods have been taken to deal with the problems by the government. We must take the problem seriously and try our best to do something for the earth.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
1．Why is the Amazon River called the world’s biggest river
A．Because the water in it is the most. B．Because it covers the biggest area.
C．Because it is the longest river in the world. D．Because it flows into the Atlantic Ocean.
2．Which question could best help us find the main idea of the second paragraph
A．What animals live along the Amazon River
B．Where does the Amazon River start and end
C．Why is the Amazon River important to the earth
D．How does the Amazon River keep the balance of nature
3．Which experiment can produce the same gas (气体) as that released by the rainforests
A． B． C． D．
4．What is the main problem facing the Amazon River according to the text
A．Rising in temperature. B．Shortage of food for animals.
C．Increasing in animal population. D．Overcutting of trees and pollution.
5．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text
A．To tell us the ways to protect the Amazon River.
B．To encourage us to learn more geography knowledge.
C．To show how the Amazon River affects the global climate.
D．To introduce the Amazon River and call on us to protect it.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D
【导语】本文介绍了亚马逊河的基本情况、其对地球的重要性以及当前面临的问题
1．细节理解题。根据“The water that flows (流) into the Atlantic Ocean every second is a few times greater than the total flow of the other three biggest rivers in the world. That is why it is called the world’s biggest river.”可知，亚马逊河被称为世界上最大的河流是因为它的水量最多。故选A。
2．主旨大意题。第二段主要讲述了亚马逊河对地球的重要性，包括维持自然平衡、作为许多动植物的家园以及对全球气候的影响。因此，最能帮助我们找到第二段主旨的问题是“为什么亚马逊河对地球很重要？”故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“They release a large amount of O and take in a lot of CO ”可知，亚马逊雨林释放的气体是氧气。因此，能够产生氧气的实验与雨林释放的气体相同。B选项是加热高锰酸钾，可以得到氧气。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据“One of the biggest problems is that people overcut trees… Besides, pollution is also a big problem.”可知，亚马逊河面临的主要问题是过度砍伐树木和污染。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了亚马逊河的基本情况及其重要性，然后指出了它面临的问题，并呼吁大家采取行动保护它。因此，作者的写作目的是介绍亚马逊河并呼吁大家保护它。故选D。
（2025·河南驻马店·一模）
One Story A Day
What is it It has always been a set of popular storybooks in Canada. Nowadays, children from other countries are also very interested in it, especially those who like English.
Why is it special It’s organized by month, with a total of 12 books. And there are around 30 stories in each book. It can help children to develop a good habit of reading. ◆We provide one CD for each book to help children understand these stories better. ◆The stories are vivid (生动的) and interesting. There are different kinds of topics that cover many fields such as nature, science, history and culture. Many stories come from school life. Children must be very interested in them. It can not only make children feel happy while reading but also get more knowledge. What’s more, children can also learn typical English.
Who is it suitable for This series of picture books is mainly written for primary school and junior high school students.
What’s its price 368 yuan for a set of books; 60 yuan for a set of CDs. Buy two or more sets of books, get the CDs for free.
How do you get it Welcome to our store at No.66 Ximen Street from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., but you must make a reservation (预约) first through the app. You can also buy books at www..
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
1．How many stories are there in total in the One Story A Day series
A．About 12 stories. B．About 30 stories. C．About 150 stories. D．About 360 stories.
2．What does the One Story A Day series offer to help children understand the stories better
A．A book with exercises. B．An app for reading.
C．A CD for each book. D．Vivid colorful pictures.
3．How much will you pay for three sets of books and CDs
A．428 yuan. B．736 yuan. C．1104 yuan. D．1284 yuan.
4．How can you get the books
A．By calling the store directly. B．By going to the store at 9:00 p. m.
C．By buying them through an app. D．By visiting www..
5．Where is the text probably from
A．A reading report. B．A science report.
C．An English-learning magazine. D．A worldwide travel guidebook.
【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了《一天一个故事》这套在加拿大很受欢迎的故事书，包括其组织形式、特色、适用人群、价格以及购买方式等内容，突出了其在帮助孩子养成阅读习惯、学习知识和英语等方面的优势。
1．推理判断题。根据“It’s organized by month, with a total of 12 books. And there are around 30 stories in each book.”可知，这套书共12本，每本约30个故事；据此可以推断，总故事数约为12×30=360个。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“We provide one CD for each book to help children understand these stories better.”可知，这套书为每本书提供一张CD来帮助孩子更好地理解故事。故选C。
3．推理判断题。根据“368 yuan for a set of books; 60 yuan for a set of CDs.” 以及“Buy two or more sets of books, get the CDs for free.”可知，一套书368元，买三套书需要368×3=1104元，因为买两套及以上书可免费获得CD，所以买三套书和CD共需1104 元。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“You can also buy books at www..”可知，可以通过访问www.购买这些书。故选D。
5．推理判断题。综合全文可知，本文主要介绍了《一天一个故事》这套书可帮助孩子学习英语，且提到了很多与英语学习相关的内容，如学习典型英语等；据此可以推断，文章可能来自一本英语学习杂志。故选C。
（2025·河南焦作·一模）What do you do when you’re angry Some people vent (发泄). They may shout or hit something to get their anger out. New research said that it doesn’t actually help. In fact, it might make things worse.
Sophie Kjaervik and Brad Bushman led the research. They looked at 154 studies including more than 10,000 people from more than 20 countries. The experts said the results were the same for people of all ages wherever they came from. “Angry people want to hit, kick or scream (踢或尖叫),” said Bushman. “But that doesn’t work. People say they feel better after, but this feeling just makes them more probably do it again.” He said venting is the worst thing you can do.
Kjaervik explained how they did their work. They collected research on anger and activities. And then they looked at the influences of different activities on people’s heart rate (心率) and anger.
The researchers found that activities like breathing and yoga (瑜伽) helped people relax. “We were surprised to find that all activities that calm down (使平静) your body are helpful in making people less angry,” said Kjaervik. So she gave some advice.
“People should calm down their breathing,” Kjaervik said. “This can be done by simply lying down and breathing slowly and deeply. Imagine your angry thoughts flying away on a cloud, and that should make you less angry.”
Bushman also gave advice on managing anger. He said that eating healthy food, like fruits and vegetables, can help. “To manage your anger, make sure you’ve had something to eat!” said Bushman.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What did the new research find about venting
A．It makes people angrier over time. B．It is the best way to deal with anger.
C．It helps people feel better for a long time. D．It only works for adults but not for children.
2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us
A．Who led the research. B．Why the experts did their research.
C．What the experts did for their research. D．How many people took part in the research.
3．What kind of activities did the experts find helpful in making people less angry
A．Creative activities. B．Relaxing activities. C．Interesting activities. D．Competitive activities.
4．What is Bushman’s advice on managing anger
A．Doing yoga. B．Going for a run. C．Breathing slowly. D．Eating healthy food.
5．Why did the writer write the passage
A．To tell people not to get angry easily.
B．To ask people not to get their anger out.
C．To share some experience in dealing with anger.
D．To encourage people to deal with anger properly.
【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了关于愤怒管理的最新研究发现和建议。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段中“But that doesn’t work. People say they feel better after, but this feeling just makes them more probably do it again.”可知，发泄愤怒虽然可能让人暂时感觉好一些，但会让人更容易再次发泄，长期来看会让人更愤怒。故选A。
2．主旨大意题。根据“Kjaervik explained how they did their work.”可知第三段主要讲述了研究人员如何收集关于愤怒和活动的数据，并分析了不同活动对心率和愤怒情绪的影响。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段中“We were surprised to find that all activities that calm down your body are helpful in making people less angry”可知，能够让人平静下来的活动有助于缓解愤怒。故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“He said that eating healthy food, like fruits and vegetables, can help.”可知，Bushman的建议是吃健康的食物。故选D。
5．主旨大意题。全文通过研究结果和建议，旨在鼓励人们用正确的方式（如放松活动和健康饮食）管理愤怒情绪。故选D。
（2025·河南平顶山·一模）Microplastics (微塑料) are so small that we can not see them. But they bring big problems. A new study said that by 2040, microplastic pollution could be twice as bad as it is now. Scientists learned this by looking at 20 years of studies on microplastics.
Microplastics are very small pieces of plastic. They come from many places. For example, about 60 percent of material made into clothing is plastic. Every time they are washed, they shed (掉落) microplastics. When water bottles and packing bags are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics.
According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually less than five millimeters (毫米) in size. This small size lets them go everywhere, even in water and air. They don’t break down easily and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years.
This can be bad for our health. Recently, it’s said that scientists found microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. They may hurt brain cells (细胞) and change how the brain works.
Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the ocean. Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick.
To deal with the problem, scientists’ advice is that we should make and use less plastic. However, it is easier said than done. It requires the efforts of everyone. Only by working together can we protect our environment and have a healthier future for both humans and wildlife.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Where do microplastics come from
a. The water bottles.
b. The packing bags.
c. The water and the air.
d. The clothing material.
e. The electronic products.
A．b, d, e. B．a, b, d. C．a, c, e. D．b, c, d.
2．Which paragraph tells the harm of microplastics to human beings (P= Paragraph)
A．P2. B．P3. C．P4. D．P5.
3．Why are wild animals in danger from microplastic pollution
A．Because microplastics make animals homeless.
B．Because animals may eat microplastics by mistake.
C．Because the food chain is changed by microplastics.
D．Because microplastics hurt the brain cells of animals.
4．What can we know according to the text
A．Some new green materials can replace microplastics.
B．Governments has a policy against using microplastics.
C．Microplastics will be effectively managed in the future.
D．The scientists suggest reducing the use of plastics.
5．What would be the best title for the text
A．Unseen but there. B．Animals are at risk.
C．Protect the earth. D．How the brain works.
【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文介绍了微塑料的来源、危害及其对人类和野生动物的影响，同时强调了减少塑料使用的重要性，并呼吁大家共同努力来保护环境。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“about 60 percent of material made into clothing is plastic.”和“When water bottles and packing bags are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics.”可知，微塑料来源于水瓶、包装袋和衣物材料，故选B。
2．细节理解题。根据第四段“This can be bad for our health. Recently, it’s said that scientists found microplastics in people’s brains for the first time.”可知，第四段讲述了微塑料对人类的危害，故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段“Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick.”可知，鱼类可能误食微塑料而生病，因此野生动物受到微塑料污染的威胁，故选B。
4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“scientists’ advice is that we should make and use less plastic.”可知，科学家建议减少塑料的使用，故选D。
5．最佳标题。文章主要讲述了微塑料虽然肉眼不可见，但却无处不在，并带来了许多问题，因此A选项“Unseen but there.”（看不见但存在）最符合文章主旨，故选A。
（2025·河南周口·一模）。
Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects, and you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. Butterflies are colorful and they have strong wings. They can show their wonderful flying skills with their wings. On summer days, you can always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But do you know how butterflies become the flying insects
The process includes four stages. In the first stage, a female (雌的) butterfly lays a small and colorful egg on a leaf or the stem (茎) of a plant.
In the second stage, it becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar (毛虫). It now has legs, eyes and a large body. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. A new life has begun, but it is still not a butterfly.
The next stage is known as the “pupa (蛹) stage”. After growing big, the caterpillar covers itself in a nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep.
In the last stage, the blanket breaks, and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It looks quite different from a pupa. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings.
After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing paragraph 1
A．To introduce colorful butterflies. B．To introduce the topic of the text.
C．To tell us the flying skills of butterflies. D．To show us how amazing butterflies are.
2．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The egg. B．The caterpillar. C．The pupa. D．The butterfly.
3．In which stage does the insect have wings
A．The first stage. B．The second stage. C．The third stage. D．The fourth stage.
4．What can we learn from the text
A．A caterpillar has eyes but no legs. B．The caterpillar sleeps in a blanket.
C．A butterfly has six legs and can fly. D．A butterfly looks similar to a pupa.
5．What’s the best title for the text
A．Butterflies’ Special Life B．Changes of Insects
C．Unbelievable Insects D．Amazing Butterflies
【答案】1．B 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了蝴蝶的生命周期及其变化过程。
1．推理判断题。阅读第一段，根据“Nature is amazing!...become the flying insects ”可知，作者在第一段中通过介绍蝴蝶的美丽和飞行技巧，引出了蝴蝶生命周期的主题。故选B。
2．词句猜测题。根据第三段“In the second stage, it becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar. It now has legs, eyes and a large body. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. A new life has begun, but it is still not a butterfly.”可知，在第二阶段，它变成了一种会行走的昆虫。这种昆虫被称为毛虫。它现在有腿、眼睛和一个大身体。毛虫可以吃、走和看。新的生命开始了，但它还不是蝴蝶。因此，“It”指的是毛虫。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第五段“In the last stage, the blanket breaks, and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It looks quite different from a pupa. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings.”可知，在最后一个阶段，保护层破裂，一只湿漉漉、虚弱的蝴蝶出现了。它看起来与蛹完全不同。它现在有六条腿、一张嘴、眼睛和翅膀。故选D。
4．推理判断题。根据第五段“In the last stage, the blanket breaks, and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It looks quite different from a pupa. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings.”可推知，蝴蝶有六条腿并能飞行。故选C。
5．最佳标题题。根据全文内容，文章主要讲述了蝴蝶的生命周期及其变化过程，展示了蝴蝶的神奇之处。故选D。
（2025·河南濮阳·一模）Are dolphins (海豚) brainy (聪明的) The answer must be yes ! They can learn from other animals, play games, learn symbols and do much more.
Humans have studied dolphins for many years to learn how their brains work. For example, people have seen dolphins use conch shells ( 海螺壳) to catch fish. It tells us that dolphins are good at using tools.
In one study, scientists at a research center showed dolphins two boards, each with a different number of points. They taught the dolphins to pick out which board had fewer points. Then they showed the dolphins other sets of boards and asked them to point to the ones with the fewest points—this time with no help. The dolphins were able to do it, showing that they can understand some basic knowledge about numbers ! So dolphins are clearly clever.
But are they “The Smartest Animal of All Time” That’s hard to say. Animals show cleverness in many ways. Some have great memories (记忆力). Take an elephant as an example. It can make out an elephant it met many years ago and say “hello ”. Others are super problem-solvers, like octopuses (章鱼),who can work out how to open a can with a cover to get a treat inside. Monkeys can be fast learners, some birds have amazing senses of direction , and so on. All these kinds of cleverness are important , making it difficult to tell which animal is much smarter.
At last , each animal is good at finding ways to live in the changeable environment. And this means one thing for sure : dolphins are the smartest of all in being dolphins!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Why does the writer start the text by asking a question
A．To make a report. B．To do a survey. C．To tell a funny story. D．To catch readers’ interest .
2．How do we know dolphins are clearly clever in Paragraph 3
A．Dolphins can use tools. B．Dolphins can compare numbers .
C．Dolphins can catch different boards. D．Dolphins can play games with people .
3．Which animal can remember old friends for many years
A．Elephant. B．Octopus. C．Dolphin D．Bird .
4．Which of the following would be the writer most probably agree with
A．It’s hard to find clever animals in nature. B．Octopuses ‘ ability is not really important .
C．Dolphins are the smartest animals on Earth . D．Each animal has its own ability to fit the environment .
5．In which unit of a textbook can the text be found
A．Unit 1 Travelling around B．Unit 2 Sports and Fitness
C．Unit 3 The World of animals D．Unit 4 Science and Technology
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了海豚的智慧表现，并探讨了不同动物在智力方面的独特能力。
1．细节理解题。根据文章开头“Are dolphins brainy The answer must be yes!”通过提问引起读者兴趣，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第三段“The dolphins were able to do it, showing that they can understand some basic knowledge about numbers”可知海豚能比较数字，故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第四段“Take an elephant as an example. It can make out an elephant it met many years ago”可知大象能记住多年前的朋友，故选A。
4．推理判断题。根据最后一段“each animal is good at finding ways to live in the changeable environment”可知作者认为每种动物都有适应环境的独特能力，故选D。
5．推理判断题。根据全文讨论动物智力表现的内容，最可能出现在“动物世界”单元，故选C。
（2025·河南洛阳·一模）①Are you a person with lots of facial expressions A new study has found that people who use facial expressions often are better at negotiating (谈判/协商) . It means discussing something with others to try to reach an agreement.
②At Nottingham Trent University in England, researchers studied more than 1,500 conversations between people. The first part of the research was having some video calls to record people’s expressions in different situations. The recordings were shown to more than 170 people, who had to rate (评估) whether people in the videos were popular based on their facial expressions.
③In another part of the study, researchers recorded video conversations between 1,456 strangers and studied their expressions. After the conversations, the people who had been talking to each other had to rate how much they liked each other. The results showed that those with more expressive faces were more liked by their conversation partners (伙伴) .
④During the video conversations, people were also given a situation where they had to negotiate a deal. The more expressive people generally got a better result. The researchers said this suggests that people who use lots of facial expressions are considered as more friendly. Scientists also think that being expressive could be important for solving disagreements.
⑤Bridget Waller, who worked on the study, said the research may explain why humans have developed more facial expressions than any other animals. She added that although facial expressions are often thought to show someone’s feelings, she believes they are more likely to be a way of communicating, along with using words. Using facial expressions could also be a way for humans to connect with one another.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．How does the writer lead into the topic
A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example.
C．By sharing a story. D．By raising a question.
2．What were 1,456 strangers asked to do during the study
①To negotiate a deal.
②To study their own facial expressions.
③To rate how much they liked each other.
④To make video conversations with others.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
3．Which would Bridget Waller probably agree with
A．Using words is a better way to communicate.
B．Facial expressions are only used to show feelings.
C．Animals have developed more facial expressions than before.
D．Expressive faces can help people connect with one another better.
4．What is the structure of the text
A． B． C． D．
5．What is the best title for the text
A．A research studies strangers B．Expressive faces win more friends
C．Shy people fail to communicate D．Humans have more facial expressions
【答案】1．D 2．D 3．D 4．A 5．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了一项关于面部表情如何影响人际互动和谈判效果的研究，研究结果表明面部表情丰富的人更受欢迎，并在谈判中表现更佳。
1．细节理解题。根据“Are you a person with lots of facial expressions ”可知，作者通过提出问题来引入主题的，故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据“In another part of the study, researchers recorded video conversations between 1,456 strangers and studied their expressions. After the conversations, the people who had been talking to each other had to rate how much they liked each other”可知1456个陌生人被要求和他人进行视频对话，并评估多么喜欢对方；根据“During the video conversations, people were also given a situation where they had to negotiate a deal.”可知测试者还要进行一项谈判交易，故选D。
3．细节理解题。根据“Using facial expressions could also be a way for humans to connect with one another.”可知表情丰富的面孔可以帮助人们更好地相互沟通，故选D。
4．文章结构题。第一段主要介绍了经常使用面部表情的人更擅长谈判这一新发现，第二段介绍了研究的第一部分内容，第三四段介绍了研究的第二部分内容，第五段介绍了研究人员的发现。故选A。
5．最佳标题。根据短文主要介绍了关于面部表情对人际互动及谈判效果的影响的研究，研究结果表明面部表情丰富的人更受欢迎，更能赢得朋友，故选B。
（2025·河南洛阳·一模）Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses.
Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago. Tea is made from leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress (压力) or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In Turkey (土耳其), tea is always there when people meet. Whether in someone’s home or a company, tea is always offered as a way of welcome. In the UK, homes and offices usually have teatime. Tea and other dishes are served at teatime in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers (同事).
Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans. Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers.
Is tea or coffee more common in your country Between the two, which do you like to drink more 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Where did tea drinking start
A．In Japan. B．In the UK. C．In Turkey. D．In China.
2．We can learn from Paragraph 2 that people in the UK ________.
A．drink tea to get fat B．have tea to relax
C．offer tea to say goodbye D．think of tea as a bad drink
3．What is coffee made from
A．Leaves. B．Sugar. C．Beans. D．Dishes.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3
A．Coffee came much earlier than tea.
B．Many people drink tea to wake up.
C．Some people meet and talk with friends in tea shops.
D．Many people work on their computers in coffee shops.
5．What is the best title for the text
A．The Different Cultures of Tea and Coffee B．The Prices of Tea and Coffee
C．The Smells of Tea and Coffee D．The Different Ways of Making Tea and Coffee
【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．D 5．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了茶和咖啡这两种饮品的不同用途和其所代表的不同文化。
1．细节理解题。根据第二段“Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago.”可知，饮茶起源于4000多年前的中国。故选D。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers(同事).”可知，在英国喝茶是一种和朋友或同事一起放松的方式。故选B。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“Coffee is made from beans.”可知，咖啡是由豆子制成的。故选C。
4．细节理解题。根据“However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers.”可知，很多人喜欢在咖啡屋一边喝咖啡一边在电脑上工作。选项D符合文章描述。故选D。
5．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了茶和咖啡所代表的不同文化。故选A。阅读理解之说明文15篇
(河南中考真题+中考模拟)
河南中考真题练
（2024·河南·中考真题）An old saying used for forecasting (预测) the weather says, “Red sky at night, sailors’ delight. Red sky in the morning, sailors (水手) take warning.” Is the saying true It turns out that it is. A red sky at sunset may mean that there are clear skies to the west, where the sun sets. A red sky at sunrise usually means that the clear weather has already passed, so storms might be coming.
Forecasting the weather has been practiced for thousands of years. In the 5th century BC, the Greeks sent out forecasts to sailors. They used signs in nature to forecast the weather. But today, meteorologists send exact forecasts further in advance (提前). They use scientific instruments to study weather conditions around the world and make forecasts. Pilots, farmers and many other people depend on these forecasts. Luckily, most of us can simply look on the smart phone or turn on the TV to find out what kind of weather is coming.
If you are looking for some signs of the weather, pay attention to nature. There are two basic rules used in weather forecasting: Weather generally moves from west to east, and low air pressure (压力) usually means rain or snow. So pay attention to the signs. If rainbows form in the west at sunrise, the sun is on the way. Smell the flowers—their smells are stronger in wet air. What are the ants doing Are they moving to higher ground This could mean a drop in air pressure. Are the birds flying low or high Falling air pressure may influence birds’ ears, so they fly low. And if the sky is red at sunset, you might plan a picnic for the next day!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What is the old saying about
A．The beauty of sunrise. B．The night sky.
C．The signs of the weather. D．The sailors’ work.
2．What does the underlined word “meteorologists” mean
A．The persons who give daily weather reports on TV.
B．The persons who carry out research on natural history.
C．The persons who take an interest in plants and animals.
D．The persons who do scientific studies of weather conditions.
3．How does the writer develop his idea in Paragraph 2
A．By listing the reasons for terrible weather.
B．By telling a true story about weather forecasting.
C．By introducing different ways of forecasting the weather.
D．By mentioning the difficulties in forecasting the weather.
4．What do we know from the last paragraph
A．It’ll be sunny if ants move to higher places.
B．The smells of flowers are stronger in wet air.
C．Birds fly higher because of the low air pressure.
D．It’ll rain if rainbows form in the west at sunrise.
5．What is the writer’s purpose in writing the text
A．To encourage people to get close to nature.
B．To express the need for weather forecasting.
C．To explain nature can tell us about the weather.
D．To discuss how important weather forecasting is.
河南中考模拟真题练
（2025·河南平顶山·模拟预测）There’s nothing quite like falling sound asleep after a full day of work. Like people, animals need to rest after working hard. Some animals sleep in water. Others dig holes under the ground. Some even sleep high in trees or under leaves. But they all find a way to rest.
Some animals in the sea sleep in strange ways. Fish sleep with their eyes open. They seem to look ahead far into the sea while they rest. Sea otters sometimes sleep in beds of the plants that grow in the sea. This keeps them from moving away. Parrotfish blow something from their mouths when they are ready to sleep. Then a bubble (气泡) will be formed around them. The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep.
Some animals sleep under the ground. Chipmunks (花栗鼠) sleep curled up (蜷缩) in a ball. Their beds are made of leaves and grass. In winter, they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again. Some desert frogs dig underground holes during the hot, dry season. A frog may stay in its hole for months.
High above the ground, monkeys find leafy places in trees each evening before they sleep. The tall trees help to keep monkeys safe during the night. Some insects even sleep under the leaf that will be their next meal. A bee may climb down into a flower to rest. When it climbs out the next morning, it is rested and ready for work.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Why does parrotfish blow a bubble when they sleep
A．Because the bubble can make them look more beautiful.
B．Because the bubble can make them look more colorful.
C．Because the bubble can protect them from harm while they sleep.
D．Because the bubble can make a sweet dream for their children.
2．What do we know about chipmunks according to the text
A．They wake up now and then in winter. B．They never sleep curled up in a ball.
C．They rest with their eyes open. D．They don’t eat any food during the winter.
3．What’s the right order of the animals according to the passage
A．sea otters →fish →parrotfish →frogs →monkeys →chipmunks →bees
B．fish →sea otters →parrotfish →chipmunks →monkeys →frogs →bees
C．sea otters →fish →chipmunks →frogs →parrotfish →monkeys→bees
D．fish →sea otters →parrotfish →chipmunks →frogs→monkeys→bees
4．What is the structure of the passage (①= Paragraph 1, ②= Paragraph 2, …)
A． B． C． D．
5．What’s the main idea of this passage
A．Where do the animals live B．How do the animals sleep
C．Why do the animals move D．What do the animals feed on
（2025·河南焦作·二模）You might feel full after having a big meal. But you may actually suffer from “hidden hunger”. This means that the food you eat is not giving you the nutrition (营养) that your body needs. This happens when food lacks (缺乏) the vitamins (维生素) and minerals (矿物质), proteins (蛋白质) and other elements (元素) people need to stay healthy.
At present, “hidden hunger” affects 2 billion people worldwide, including 300 million people in China. It is most commonly seen among children and teenagers. And it can result in heart disease, blindness or even death.
Many Chinese people don’t get enough iron, calcium (钙), vitamin A and vitamin D．One main reason is that agricultural products (农产品) don’t have many of these nutrients. Over 40 percent of China’s farmland is losing its vitamins and minerals, so the crops that grow on it have less nutrition.
Many of the processed foods that people enjoy eating today, such as burgers and cookies, have made the situation worse. Vitamins and minerals are easily lost when these foods are processed.
In response, China’s government has made several action plans to improve public health, as well as develop nutritious foods.
Eating more fresh nutrition-rich food like vegetables, whole grains (全麦) and milk can help us stay healthy. For vegetables like carrots, boiling and steaming can better keep their nutrition when compared to frying them.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．According to the passage, what is “hidden hunger”
A．The food you eat doesn’t make you feel full after a big meal.
B．The food you eat doesn’t provide you with the nutrition you need.
C．The food only lacks the vitamins and minerals you need to stay healthy.
D．The food can make you have stomachaches.
2．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 3
A．“Hidden hunger” can result in heart disease, blindness or death.
B．What China’s government has done to change the problem.
C．Why Chinese people lack some vitamins and minerals.
D．How vitamins and minerals go into food.
3．Which one is not the reason why people can’t get proper nutrition
A．People eat too much processed foods such as burgers and cookies.
B．Over 40 percent of China’s farmland is losing its vitamins and minerals.
C．Children and teenagers are in poor health.
D．Some agricultural products don't have many nutrients.
4．The underlined word “processed” means ______.
A．污染的 B．加工的 C．出口的 D．改进的
5．What can we infer from the passage
A．Children and teenagers are less likely to suffer from “hidden hunger”.
B．Too many crops that are grown by people make farmland lose its nutrition.
C．When we cook cabbages, we can boil them to keep more nutrition.
D．Eating more fresh nutrition-rich food will make people fat.
（2025·河南许昌·一模）The company OpenAI introduced ChatGPT to the world. It is the latest type of AI chatboxes. A chatbox is a computer program that simulates (模仿) human conversation. Anyone can use ChatGPT now so that the company can collect people’s ideas on how to improve it.
People have tested how ChatGPT works. Reporters found out that it was able to write articles with rightful opinions for newspapers. Teachers asked it to. write answers to exam questions. ChatGPT could almost get full marks. Even programmers, people who write computer code, tried out ChatGPT. It was able to solve difficult coding challenges and answer very quickly. It even wrote short poems to explain how the coding worked. In our daily life, it helped a father brainstorm ideas of a birthday party for his son that combined the kid's two favorites, rabbits and basketball.
Moreover, when people ask ChatGPT questions, it can find mistakes. If it is asked what happened when Columbus arrived in America in 2023, older AIs might give a story. ChatGPT can recognize that Columbus reached America in the 1400s. It can also refuse to answer questions that are not proper. For example, ask it for advice on stealing a car. It will say that stealing a car is a serious crime and can have bad results. Instead, it gives advice such as “taking the bus”.
ChatGPT might help people solve problems, but the AI is trained using texts from the Internet. Often, the texts are used without being allowed by the writers of those texts. Some argue that technology doesn't respect people's work. Some argue that people will use the ChatGPT to copy others' work and sell it as their own. In 2015, Elon Musk cofounded (共同创立) OpenAI, but left it in 2018. In 2022, he bought a famous social media platform and then he pointed out that OpenAI could use the platform's database for training in the past, but not for now. Some think this AI technology is bad for the earth, too. Training ChatGPT might make more than 284 tons of CO2 and lead to climate change that will heat up the earth.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．From the text we know that ChatGPT ________.
A．always provides wrong answers B．needs to improve itself
C．only collects teachers’ ideas D．helps train programmers
2．What does the underlined word “brainstorm” mean in Chinese in Paragraph 2
A．侧耳倾听 B．长吁短叹 C．走马观花 D．集思广益
3．Which of the following is most probably a conversation with ChatGPT
A．Q: What happened after paper was invented in America
AI: Paper started to change how knowledge was spread.
B．Q: Is Li Bai, a poet in modern China, famous all over the world
AI: Yes, because his poems are fantastic.
C．Q: Show me how to use other people’s bank card without being noticed.
AI: For your information, that is against the law.
D．Q: Find something for my mum as a Mother’s Day gift. She likes classic music and cooking
AI: Among all the gifts listed online, there's no such gift.
4．What can we know from Paragraph 4
A．Training ChatGPT is good for the climate on the earth.
B．ChatGPT used texts after being allowed by the writers.
C．Musk bought the famous social media platform's database for OpenAI to use.
D．Musk stopped OpenAI from using the famous social media platform's database.
5．What’s the structure of the text （①=Paragraph ②=Paragraph…）
A．B． C． D．
（2025·河南驻马店·模拟预测）
I like going to stores, but how do you know if a store has what you want The great thing about shopping online is saving time! There are so many choices, and it doesn’t take much time to find what you want! (Jake, Sydney, Australia)
The first time I bought something online, I was a little nervous. I didn’t know how they were going to ship it. But it arrived OK. Now the only problem is that I do too much shopping online. And because I don’t have to go out much anymore, I’m not very fit! (Mari, Lima, Peru)
I wanted to buy a new pair of sunglasses, but I was too busy to go to the stores in the city center. So I decided to order them online. They arrived quickly, but they were broken and the case looked used! So I had to go to the store to change them. What a waste of time! (Troy, Jersey City, USA)
I bought a lot of electronics online last year, and everything was a good deal. The problem is that someone stole my credit card (信用卡) information and went shopping. My advice is: Be very careful when you shop online! (Eric, Ottawa, Canada)
I buy all my things online—it’s so cool! I never have to go to the mall or wait in line to pay. And I don’t have to go around to different stores to compare prices. The only problem is that I usually spend too much money! (Nancy, Seattle, USA)
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Who does all the shopping online
A．Jake. B．Mari. C．Eric. D．Nancy.
2．How did Mari feel when she first shopped online
A．Disappointed. B．Excited. C．Worried. D．Interested.
3．What was Troy’s opinion on his online shopping experience
A．It saved money. B．It wasted time.
C．It harmed health. D．It provided choices.
4．What will NOT Eric probably use next time when he shops online
A．cash (现金). B．Alipay.
C．credit card. D．debit card (储蓄卡).
5．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The reason why they like to go shopping.
B．The disadvantage of shopping online.
C．The advantage of shopping online.
D．The advantage and disadvantage of shopping online.
（2025·河南平顶山·一模）There’s nothing quite like falling sound asleep after a full day of work. Like people, animals need to rest after working hard. Some animals sleep in water. Others dig holes under the ground. Some even sleep high in trees or under leaves. But they all find a way to rest.
Some animals in the sea sleep in strange ways. Fish sleep with their eyes open. They seem to look ahead far into the sea while they rest. Sea otters sometimes sleep in beds of the plants that grow in the sea. This keeps them from moving away. Parrotfish blow something from their mouths when they are ready to sleep. Then a bubble (气泡) will be formed around them. The bubble protects them from harm while they sleep.
Some animals sleep under the ground. Chipmunks (花栗鼠) sleep curled up (蜷缩) in a ball. Their beds are made of leaves and grass. In winter, they sleep for two weeks and wake up to eat the stored food. Then they go back to sleep for another two weeks before waking up again. Some desert frogs dig underground holes during the hot, dry season. A frog may stay in its hole for months.
High above the ground, monkeys find leafy places in trees each evening before they sleep. The tall trees help to keep monkeys safe during the night. Some insects even sleep under the leaf that will be their next meal. A bee may climb down into a flower to rest. When it climbs out the next morning, it is rested and ready for work.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Why does parrotfish blow a bubble when they sleep
A．Because the bubble can make them look more beautiful.
B．Because the bubble can make them look more colorful.
C．Because the bubble can protect them from harm while they sleep.
D．Because the bubble can make a sweet dream for their children.
2．What do we know about chipmunks according to the text
A．They wake up now and then in winter. B．They never sleep curled up in a ball.
C．They rest with their eyes open. D．They don’t eat any food during the winter.
3．What’s the right order of the animals according to the passage
A．sea otters → fish → parrotfish → frogs → monkeys → chipmunks → bees
B．fish → sea otters → parrotfish → chipmunks → monkeys → frogs → bees
C．sea otters → fish → chipmunks → frogs → parrotfish → monkeys → bees
D．fish → sea otters → parrotfish → chipmunks → frogs → monkeys → bees
4．What is the structure of the passage ( ① = Paragraph 1, ② = Paragraph 2, … )
A． B． C． D．
5．What’s the main idea of this passage
A．Where do the animals live B．How do the animals sleep
C．Why do the animals move D．What do the animals feed on
（2025·河南周口·二模）Can animals predict (预测) earthquakes and other natural disasters Many people seem to think so. Is there any real science behind this popular belief
As far back as 2300 years ago, the ancient Greeks noticed that mice and snakes would “behave strangely days before a big earthquake.”However, there isn’t enough scientific proof that animals can predict earthquakes, at least not days before they happen.
When an earthquake strikes, it produces two types of energy waves. The smaller one is called a Primary Wave or“P wave”. It arrives a couple of minutes before the larger Secondary Wave, or “S wave”. The “P wave” travels faster because it can move through solids (固体), liquids (液体) and gases, while the “S wave” can only pass through solids. Very few people notice the “P wave”, but animals often can, thanks to their amazing senses.
With their super sense of smell, some wild animals can tell when a fire is burning nearby. But they have no way of knowing when and where fires will start ahead of time. Today, global warming has made wildfires more common. So it is harder than ever for animals from all over the earth to survive these disasters.
A new study suggests that some birds may be able to sense storms much earlier than humans. The researchers studied a type of songbird. In certain years, these birds began migrating (迁徙) months earlier than usual. They always migrate during the storm seasons. The researchers consider the birds unusual behavior to be a predictor of storms. But more research will be needed to prove this.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．How does the writer begin the text
A．By telling a story. B．By listing numbers.
C．By asking a question. D．By using an old saying.
2．What is the difference between the “P wave” and the “S wave”
A．The “P wave” is larger than the “S wave”.
B．The “S wave” can only pass through liquids.
C．The “S wave” travels faster than the “P wave”.
D．The “P wave” can move through more materials.
3．What does the underlined word “global” mean in the text
A．Covering the whole earth. B．Reaching the half of the earth.
C．Touching some parts of the earth. D．Referring to a small part of the earth.
4．What did the researchers find about the songbirds
A．They could predict storms. B．They could predict wildfires.
C．They could predict earthquakes. D．They could predict global warming.
5．In which part of a magazine can you read the text
A．History and culture. B．Science and nature.
C．Business and economy. D．Health and lifestyle.
（2025·河南驻马店·一模）。
The Amazon River is in the north of South America. It is 6,400 kilometers long. This makes it the second-longest river in the world. But the Amazon River has much more water in it than any other river. The water that flows (流) into the Atlantic Ocean every second is a few times greater than the total flow of the other three biggest rivers in the world. That is why it is called the world’s biggest river.
The Amazon River is very important to the earth. It plays an important role in keeping the balance of nature. It is home to so many different kinds of animals and plants. Many of them can’t be easily found anywhere else on the earth. The rainforests along the Amazon River are known as the “lungs of the earth”. They release (释放) a large amount of O and take in a lot of CO , which is a great help to the global climate (全球气候).
However, what worries us is that the Amazon River and its rainforests are facing serious problems. One of the biggest problems is that people overcut trees. It seems these people have some proper reasons for this, such as farming, and building houses and roads. As a result, many animals have lost their homes. And, a lot of plants are endangered, too. Besides, pollution is also a big problem. Industrial waste and chemicals are being poured into the river, which makes the water in the Amazon River become dirtier and dirtier. At the same time, this also has a bad influence on the lives in the river.
Now some methods have been taken to deal with the problems by the government. We must take the problem seriously and try our best to do something for the earth.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
1．Why is the Amazon River called the world’s biggest river
A．Because the water in it is the most. B．Because it covers the biggest area.
C．Because it is the longest river in the world. D．Because it flows into the Atlantic Ocean.
2．Which question could best help us find the main idea of the second paragraph
A．What animals live along the Amazon River
B．Where does the Amazon River start and end
C．Why is the Amazon River important to the earth
D．How does the Amazon River keep the balance of nature
3．Which experiment can produce the same gas (气体) as that released by the rainforests
A． B． C． D．
4．What is the main problem facing the Amazon River according to the text
A．Rising in temperature. B．Shortage of food for animals.
C．Increasing in animal population. D．Overcutting of trees and pollution.
5．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing the text
A．To tell us the ways to protect the Amazon River.
B．To encourage us to learn more geography knowledge.
C．To show how the Amazon River affects the global climate.
D．To introduce the Amazon River and call on us to protect it.
（2025·河南驻马店·一模）
One Story A Day
What is it It has always been a set of popular storybooks in Canada. Nowadays, children from other countries are also very interested in it, especially those who like English.
Why is it special It’s organized by month, with a total of 12 books. And there are around 30 stories in each book. It can help children to develop a good habit of reading. ◆We provide one CD for each book to help children understand these stories better. ◆The stories are vivid (生动的) and interesting. There are different kinds of topics that cover many fields such as nature, science, history and culture. Many stories come from school life. Children must be very interested in them. It can not only make children feel happy while reading but also get more knowledge. What’s more, children can also learn typical English.
Who is it suitable for This series of picture books is mainly written for primary school and junior high school students.
What’s its price 368 yuan for a set of books; 60 yuan for a set of CDs. Buy two or more sets of books, get the CDs for free.
How do you get it Welcome to our store at No.66 Ximen Street from 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., but you must make a reservation (预约) first through the app. You can also buy books at www..
根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
1．How many stories are there in total in the One Story A Day series
A．About 12 stories. B．About 30 stories. C．About 150 stories. D．About 360 stories.
2．What does the One Story A Day series offer to help children understand the stories better
A．A book with exercises. B．An app for reading.
C．A CD for each book. D．Vivid colorful pictures.
3．How much will you pay for three sets of books and CDs
A．428 yuan. B．736 yuan. C．1104 yuan. D．1284 yuan.
4．How can you get the books
A．By calling the store directly. B．By going to the store at 9:00 p. m.
C．By buying them through an app. D．By visiting www..
5．Where is the text probably from
A．A reading report. B．A science report.
C．An English-learning magazine. D．A worldwide travel guidebook.
（2025·河南焦作·一模）What do you do when you’re angry Some people vent (发泄). They may shout or hit something to get their anger out. New research said that it doesn’t actually help. In fact, it might make things worse.
Sophie Kjaervik and Brad Bushman led the research. They looked at 154 studies including more than 10,000 people from more than 20 countries. The experts said the results were the same for people of all ages wherever they came from. “Angry people want to hit, kick or scream (踢或尖叫),” said Bushman. “But that doesn’t work. People say they feel better after, but this feeling just makes them more probably do it again.” He said venting is the worst thing you can do.
Kjaervik explained how they did their work. They collected research on anger and activities. And then they looked at the influences of different activities on people’s heart rate (心率) and anger.
The researchers found that activities like breathing and yoga (瑜伽) helped people relax. “We were surprised to find that all activities that calm down (使平静) your body are helpful in making people less angry,” said Kjaervik. So she gave some advice.
“People should calm down their breathing,” Kjaervik said. “This can be done by simply lying down and breathing slowly and deeply. Imagine your angry thoughts flying away on a cloud, and that should make you less angry.”
Bushman also gave advice on managing anger. He said that eating healthy food, like fruits and vegetables, can help. “To manage your anger, make sure you’ve had something to eat!” said Bushman.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What did the new research find about venting
A．It makes people angrier over time. B．It is the best way to deal with anger.
C．It helps people feel better for a long time. D．It only works for adults but not for children.
2．What does Paragraph 3 mainly tell us
A．Who led the research. B．Why the experts did their research.
C．What the experts did for their research. D．How many people took part in the research.
3．What kind of activities did the experts find helpful in making people less angry
A．Creative activities. B．Relaxing activities. C．Interesting activities. D．Competitive activities.
4．What is Bushman’s advice on managing anger
A．Doing yoga. B．Going for a run. C．Breathing slowly. D．Eating healthy food.
5．Why did the writer write the passage
A．To tell people not to get angry easily.
B．To ask people not to get their anger out.
C．To share some experience in dealing with anger.
D．To encourage people to deal with anger properly.
（2025·河南平顶山·一模）Microplastics (微塑料) are so small that we can not see them. But they bring big problems. A new study said that by 2040, microplastic pollution could be twice as bad as it is now. Scientists learned this by looking at 20 years of studies on microplastics.
Microplastics are very small pieces of plastic. They come from many places. For example, about 60 percent of material made into clothing is plastic. Every time they are washed, they shed (掉落) microplastics. When water bottles and packing bags are left outside, they break down slowly into microplastics.
According to National Geographic, microplastics are usually less than five millimeters (毫米) in size. This small size lets them go everywhere, even in water and air. They don’t break down easily and can stay in the environment for hundreds of years.
This can be bad for our health. Recently, it’s said that scientists found microplastics in people’s brains for the first time. They may hurt brain cells (细胞) and change how the brain works.
Wild animals are also at risk from microplastic pollution. Each year, up to three million tons of microplastics end up in the ocean. Since they are too small to be seen, fish may eat them by mistake and become very sick.
To deal with the problem, scientists’ advice is that we should make and use less plastic. However, it is easier said than done. It requires the efforts of everyone. Only by working together can we protect our environment and have a healthier future for both humans and wildlife.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Where do microplastics come from
a. The water bottles.
b. The packing bags.
c. The water and the air.
d. The clothing material.
e. The electronic products.
A．b, d, e. B．a, b, d. C．a, c, e. D．b, c, d.
2．Which paragraph tells the harm of microplastics to human beings (P= Paragraph)
A．P2. B．P3. C．P4. D．P5.
3．Why are wild animals in danger from microplastic pollution
A．Because microplastics make animals homeless.
B．Because animals may eat microplastics by mistake.
C．Because the food chain is changed by microplastics.
D．Because microplastics hurt the brain cells of animals.
4．What can we know according to the text
A．Some new green materials can replace microplastics.
B．Governments has a policy against using microplastics.
C．Microplastics will be effectively managed in the future.
D．The scientists suggest reducing the use of plastics.
5．What would be the best title for the text
A．Unseen but there. B．Animals are at risk.
C．Protect the earth. D．How the brain works.
（2025·河南周口·一模）。
Nature is amazing! Take a close look at the world of insects, and you’ll discover many unbelievable things. Consider butterflies, for example. Butterflies are colorful and they have strong wings. They can show their wonderful flying skills with their wings. On summer days, you can always see them flying freely over flower gardens and wild fields. But do you know how butterflies become the flying insects
The process includes four stages. In the first stage, a female (雌的) butterfly lays a small and colorful egg on a leaf or the stem (茎) of a plant.
In the second stage, it becomes a walking insect. This insect is called caterpillar (毛虫). It now has legs, eyes and a large body. The caterpillar can eat, walk and see. A new life has begun, but it is still not a butterfly.
The next stage is known as the “pupa (蛹) stage”. After growing big, the caterpillar covers itself in a nice protective blanket (保护层) and goes to sleep.
In the last stage, the blanket breaks, and a wet, weak butterfly appears. It looks quite different from a pupa. It now has six legs, a mouth, eyes and wings.
After a few weeks, this adult butterfly lays her eggs, and the cycle begins again. This is just one example of the wonders of nature. Look around the natural world, and you will learn many truly amazing things.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．What’s the writer’s purpose in writing paragraph 1
A．To introduce colorful butterflies. B．To introduce the topic of the text.
C．To tell us the flying skills of butterflies. D．To show us how amazing butterflies are.
2．What does the underlined word “It” in paragraph 3 refer to
A．The egg. B．The caterpillar. C．The pupa. D．The butterfly.
3．In which stage does the insect have wings
A．The first stage. B．The second stage. C．The third stage. D．The fourth stage.
4．What can we learn from the text
A．A caterpillar has eyes but no legs. B．The caterpillar sleeps in a blanket.
C．A butterfly has six legs and can fly. D．A butterfly looks similar to a pupa.
5．What’s the best title for the text
A．Butterflies’ Special Life B．Changes of Insects
C．Unbelievable Insects D．Amazing Butterflies
（2025·河南濮阳·一模）Are dolphins (海豚) brainy (聪明的) The answer must be yes ! They can learn from other animals, play games, learn symbols and do much more.
Humans have studied dolphins for many years to learn how their brains work. For example, people have seen dolphins use conch shells ( 海螺壳) to catch fish. It tells us that dolphins are good at using tools.
In one study, scientists at a research center showed dolphins two boards, each with a different number of points. They taught the dolphins to pick out which board had fewer points. Then they showed the dolphins other sets of boards and asked them to point to the ones with the fewest points—this time with no help. The dolphins were able to do it, showing that they can understand some basic knowledge about numbers ! So dolphins are clearly clever.
But are they “The Smartest Animal of All Time” That’s hard to say. Animals show cleverness in many ways. Some have great memories (记忆力). Take an elephant as an example. It can make out an elephant it met many years ago and say “hello ”. Others are super problem-solvers, like octopuses (章鱼),who can work out how to open a can with a cover to get a treat inside. Monkeys can be fast learners, some birds have amazing senses of direction , and so on. All these kinds of cleverness are important , making it difficult to tell which animal is much smarter.
At last , each animal is good at finding ways to live in the changeable environment. And this means one thing for sure : dolphins are the smartest of all in being dolphins!
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Why does the writer start the text by asking a question
A．To make a report. B．To do a survey. C．To tell a funny story. D．To catch readers’ interest .
2．How do we know dolphins are clearly clever in Paragraph 3
A．Dolphins can use tools. B．Dolphins can compare numbers .
C．Dolphins can catch different boards. D．Dolphins can play games with people .
3．Which animal can remember old friends for many years
A．Elephant. B．Octopus. C．Dolphin D．Bird .
4．Which of the following would be the writer most probably agree with
A．It’s hard to find clever animals in nature. B．Octopuses ‘ ability is not really important .
C．Dolphins are the smartest animals on Earth . D．Each animal has its own ability to fit the environment .
5．In which unit of a textbook can the text be found
A．Unit 1 Travelling around B．Unit 2 Sports and Fitness
C．Unit 3 The World of animals D．Unit 4 Science and Technology
（2025·河南洛阳·一模）①Are you a person with lots of facial expressions A new study has found that people who use facial expressions often are better at negotiating (谈判/协商) . It means discussing something with others to try to reach an agreement.
②At Nottingham Trent University in England, researchers studied more than 1,500 conversations between people. The first part of the research was having some video calls to record people’s expressions in different situations. The recordings were shown to more than 170 people, who had to rate (评估) whether people in the videos were popular based on their facial expressions.
③In another part of the study, researchers recorded video conversations between 1,456 strangers and studied their expressions. After the conversations, the people who had been talking to each other had to rate how much they liked each other. The results showed that those with more expressive faces were more liked by their conversation partners (伙伴) .
④During the video conversations, people were also given a situation where they had to negotiate a deal. The more expressive people generally got a better result. The researchers said this suggests that people who use lots of facial expressions are considered as more friendly. Scientists also think that being expressive could be important for solving disagreements.
⑤Bridget Waller, who worked on the study, said the research may explain why humans have developed more facial expressions than any other animals. She added that although facial expressions are often thought to show someone’s feelings, she believes they are more likely to be a way of communicating, along with using words. Using facial expressions could also be a way for humans to connect with one another.
根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．How does the writer lead into the topic
A．By listing numbers. B．By giving an example.
C．By sharing a story. D．By raising a question.
2．What were 1,456 strangers asked to do during the study
①To negotiate a deal.
②To study their own facial expressions.
③To rate how much they liked each other.
④To make video conversations with others.
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
3．Which would Bridget Waller probably agree with
A．Using words is a better way to communicate.
B．Facial expressions are only used to show feelings.
C．Animals have developed more facial expressions than before.
D．Expressive faces can help people connect with one another better.
4．What is the structure of the text
A． B． C． D．
5．What is the best title for the text
A．A research studies strangers B．Expressive faces win more friends
C．Shy people fail to communicate D．Humans have more facial expressions
（2025·河南洛阳·一模）Tea and coffee are two of the most popular drinks in the world. However, people usually like one more than the other. These drinks also have very different uses.
Tea drinking started in China over 4,000 years ago. Tea is made from leaves. These days, some people drink tea for health, using it to help with stress (压力) or losing weight. However, most people in tea-drinking countries think of tea as more than just a healthy drink. In fact, tea drinking in some countries is a part of the culture. In Turkey (土耳其), tea is always there when people meet. Whether in someone’s home or a company, tea is always offered as a way of welcome. In the UK, homes and offices usually have teatime. Tea and other dishes are served at teatime in the afternoon. It is a way of relaxing with friends or co-workers (同事).
Coffee came much later than tea, just over 1,000 years ago. Coffee is made from beans. Something in the coffee beans makes a person feel active. Most people do not drink coffee to relax. Instead, they drink coffee to get going. Many people drink coffee in the morning to help them wake up. Others will also drink coffee during short breaks in the afternoon to keep going through the working day. Some people may visit coffee shops just to meet and talk with friends. However, many people in coffee shops drink coffee while working on their computers.
Is tea or coffee more common in your country Between the two, which do you like to drink more 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。
1．Where did tea drinking start
A．In Japan. B．In the UK. C．In Turkey. D．In China.
2．We can learn from Paragraph 2 that people in the UK ________.
A．drink tea to get fat B．have tea to relax
C．offer tea to say goodbye D．think of tea as a bad drink
3．What is coffee made from
A．Leaves. B．Sugar. C．Beans. D．Dishes.
4．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3
A．Coffee came much earlier than tea.
B．Many people drink tea to wake up.
C．Some people meet and talk with friends in tea shops.
D．Many people work on their computers in coffee shops.
5．What is the best title for the text
A．The Different Cultures of Tea and Coffee B．The Prices of Tea and Coffee
C．The Smells of Tea and Coffee D．The Different Ways of Making Tea and Coffee

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