资源简介

Unit 2 No Rules, No Order单元总复习
一、重点词汇
1. rule n.规则；规章
2. order n.秩序；命令v.点菜；命令
3. follow v.遵循；跟随
4. late for 迟到
5. arrive v.到达
6. on time 准时
7. hallway n.走廊
8. uniform n.校服；制服
9. litter v.乱扔n.垃级
10. polite adj.有礼貌的
11. treat v.对待；招待；治疗 n.款待
12. respect n&v.尊敬
13. if conj.如果
14. jacket n夹克衫；短上衣
15. have to 不得不
16. everything pron.每件事；一切
17. lend v.借给；借出
18. sweet n.糖果 adj.甜的
19. snack n.点心；小吃
20. of course 当然
21. mobile adj.可移动的
22. mobile phone 手机
23. turn off 关掉(水、电或煤气)
24. turn on 打开
25. queue n.队
26. jump the queue 插队(水、电或煤气)
27. feed v.喂养；饲养
28. leave v.离开；留下
29. absent adj.缺席的；不在的
30. absent from 缺席；不在
31. quietly adv.轻声地；安静地
32. belt n.安全带;腰带;皮带
33. noise n.声音；噪声
34. make noise 制造噪声
35. unhappy adj.不快乐的
36. make sb’s/ the bed 整理床铺；铺床
37. either adv.也(用于否定词组后)
38. practise v.训练；练习
39. hang v.悬挂
40. hang out 闲逛；常去某处
41. weekday n.工作日(星期一至星期五的任何一天)
42. awful adj.糟糕的；讨厌的
43. become v.变成；成为
44. better adj.较好的adv.较好地
45. person n.人
46. focus v.集中(注意力、精力等);聚焦
47. focus on 集中(注意力、精力等)于
48. build v.创建；建造
49. spirit n.精神；情绪
50. think about 思考；考虑
51. relax v.放松；休息
52. advice n.建议；意见
53. a piece of advic 一个建议
54. understand v.理解；领会
55. untidy adj.不整洁的
二、重点句型
1. What rules do we follow
2. Don't be late for school. Arrive on time.
3. Put up your hand if you want to ask your teacher a question.
4. Would you like a sweet
5. We cannot cat eat snacks in class.
6. Why is Alice unhappy
7. I have to hurry to school because I can' be late for school.
8. When I'm at school, I mustn't use my phone in class either.
9. I can't hang out with my friends on weekdays.
10. You can't use your phone in class because you need to focus on learning.
11. I must/have to clean my room everyday, and I can't get my desk untidy.
三、重点词汇讲解
（1）rule /ru:l/ n.规则;规章
1. 含有rule的常见短语:
family rules 家规
school/class rules 校规/班规
traffic rules 交通规则
break a rule 违反规则
make a rule 制订规则
keep/obey/follow the rules 遵守规则
People must wear helmets when they ride e-bikes according to the traffic rules.
根据交通规则，人们在骑电动自行车时必须戴头盔。
（2）order /o:da(r)/ n.秩序 v.&n.点菜
1. [不可数名词] 治安；秩序
keep...in order 维持......的秩序
The monitor is keeping the class in order.
班长正在维持班级秩序。
2. [动词] 点(酒菜等)
order sb. sth./order sth. for sb.为某人点某物
He ordered himself a sandwich (=ordered a sandwich for himself).
他为自己点了一个三明治。
（3）follow /'fɑlo / v.遵循; 跟随
1. [动词] 遵循
follow one's/the advice 听从(某人的)建议
follow the rules 遵守规则
follow the tips 遵循指示
Follow these tips, and you can enjoy your summer safely.
遵循这些指示，你就可以安全地享受你的夏天。
We must follow the rules at home and school.
我们必须遵守家规和校规。
2. [动词] 跟随
follow sb. 跟随某人
Follow me. I'll show you the way.
跟着我，我来给你带路。
3. [动词] 理解,明白(说明或意思)
Listen to me carefully, or you can't follow me.
认真听我讲，否则你会不明白。
（4）arrive / ra v/ v.到达
1. arrive
arrive in+大地点名词
arrive at+小地点名词
arrive+地点副词(here/there/home)
2. get to
get to+地点名词(若接here/there/home等地点副词，要省略to)
3. reach reach+地点
The train will arrive in/get to/reach Beijing in two hours.
这列火车将在两小时后到达北京。
（5）everything / vr θ / pron.每件事；一切
复合不定代词
1. 作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式
Everything is possible as long as you work hard.
只要努力，一切皆有可能。
2. 形容词、动词不定式或else修饰everything时应后置。
We can do everything useful to help.
我们可以尽一切可能提供帮助。
（6）lend /lend/ v. 借给; 借出
lend 与 borrow 辨析
1. lend
"借给;借出"，指主语把自己的东西"借出"给别人使用。
lend sth. to sb.=lend sb. sth. 把某物借给某人
2. borrow
"借;借用"，指主语从别人处"借入"东西自己使用。
borrow sth. from sb.
向某人借某物
（7）Would you like... 你想要......吗
1. Would you like sth. 你想要某物吗
肯定回答：Yes, please. 否定回答：No, thanks.
---Would you like some fruit 你想吃点水果吗
---Yes, please./No, thanks. 好的，谢谢。/不了，谢谢。
2. Would you like to do sth. 你想做某事吗
肯定回答：Yes, I'd love/like to.或 Sure./0f course.
否定回答：Sorry, I'm afraid I can't./I'd love to, but…
---Would you like to go there with me 你想跟我一起去那儿吗
---Sorry, I'm afraid I can't. I have to look after my little sister.
对不起，恐怕不行。我得照看我的妹妹。
（8）of course /k s/ 当然
肯定答语，相当于 sure/certainly。若表示“当然不”要用of course not。
--It's cold outside. Would you mind closing the window
外面很冷，你介意关一下窗户吗
--Of course not. I will do it at once.
当然不介意。我马上关。
（9）turn off 关(水、电或煤气)
为“动词+副词”型短语。
The lights are still on. Please turn them off.
灯还亮着，请把它们关掉。
人称代词作宾语时，要放在turn与off之间
Please remember to turn off the tap (=turn the tap off) after you wash your hands.
洗完手后请记得关水龙头。
四、重点语法
（1）情态动词
1. 在情态动词后，动词用原形。
2. 情态动词can的句型结构
1> 肯定句：主语 + can + 动词原形 + 其他.
You can play basketball at the weekend.
2> 否定句：主语+can't (cannot)+动词原形+其他.
We can't run in the hallways.
3> 一般疑问句及回答：--Can+主语+动词原形+其他
--Yes, 主语+can. / No, 主语+can't.
--- Can the students listen to music in class
--- Yes, they can. / No, they can't.
3. 情态动词must的句型结构
1> 肯定句：主语+must+动词原形+其他.
He must wear a uniform to school.
2> 否定句：主语+mustn't/must not+动词原形+其他.
You mustn't speak like that.
3> 一般疑问句及回答：--Must+主语+动词原形+其他
--Yes, 主语+must./No, 主语+needn't/don't have to.
---Must I be home before 8 o'clock
---Yes, you must. / No, you needn't/don't have to.
4. 情态动词have to的句型结构
have to 表示“不得不；必须”，强调客观需要，有“不得不、被逼无奈做某事”的意思。
have to既有人称、单复数的变化、也有动词时态的变化。
1> 肯定句：主语+have/has/had to+动词原形+其他.
She has to look after her mother at home.
2> 否定句：主语+don't/doesn't/didn't have to+动词原形+其他.
We don't have to clean the room today.
3> 一般疑问句及回答：---Do/Does/Did+主语+have to+动词原形+其他
---Yes, 主语+do/does/did./No, 主语+don't/doesn't/didn't.
--- Does he have to go to bed now
--- Yes, he does. / No, he doesn't.
3> 特殊疑问句：疑问词+do/does/did+主语+have to+动词原形+其他
What do you have to do
5. must VS have to
1> 相同点
表示“必须”，有时二者可互换。
We have to/must follow the rules.
1> 不同点
①* must通常表示说话人的主观看法，语气比较强烈；
We must hurry. I don't want to miss the beginning of the show.
* have to往往强调客观需要。
We have to hurry. The train is leaving in five minutes.
②它们的否定式含义大不相同。
* mustn't表示“不准；禁止”；
You mustn't talk to your mother like that.
* don't have to表示“不必”。
You don't have to come if you don't want to.
③* must没有人称和数的变化。
I/We/You/They must do something about it.
* have to有人称和数的变化。
I have to finish my work today.
She has to work late today.
They have to clean their room.
五、单元写作
如何写与规章制度相关的文章
本单元的主题是“规章制度”我们常接触到的有家规(family rules)校规(school rules)、班规(class rules)和交规(trac rules)等。
与此相关的写作通常有：①写有关规章制度的求助信；
②介绍家规/校规/班规等:
③对别人提出的有关规章制度的问题给出建议。
写有关规章制度的求助信时,要注意以下几点:
注意书信格式和称呼得体:
②具体写作时，先点明写信目的.然后详细描述让你感到烦恼的规章制度,最后表明希望得到回复；
注意情态动词can, have to与must的用法。
典例指导
俗话说，“国有国法,家有家规”。为了使我们健康成长，父母总会为我们制订这样或那样的规矩。假如你是李平，你因为父母为你制订了太多家规而感到烦恼,所以你打算向百事通博士（Dr Know）写信求助。请结合下面表格中的提示，向他写一封求助信。
生活 早上六点必须起床锻炼
学习 放学回家之后必须先完成家庭作业
饮食 不能吃垃圾食品
要求：
1. 信中包含表格里的全部内容，可适当发挥；
2. 90词左右，文中不得出现真实的人名和校名。
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________
段落布局
1. 开头：介绍个人信息，点明写信目的及主题
写信目的：Can you help me
个人信息：I am Li Ping, an unhappy middle school student.
点明主题：There are so many rules in my family.
2. 中间：详细介绍家规
生活：must get up at 6 for exercise every morning
学习：have to finish my homework first after school
饮食：can't eat junk food
3. 结尾：表达感受并期待回复
感受：These rules make me very tired and unhappy.
期待：Hope to hear from you soon.
词句积累
1. 活动
get up early 早起 do some sports/exercise 做一些运动 watch TV 看电视
finish the homework 完成家庭作业 play computer games 玩电脑游戏
listen to music 听音乐 eat junk food 吃垃圾食品
eat healthy food 吃健康的食物
2. 要求
have to不得不 must 必须 mustn’t不准,禁止
can能,可以 can’t不能,不可以 ask sb.to do sth.要求某人做某事
allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事 before/after dinner 晚餐前/后
3. 感受
unhappy 不开心 relaxed放松的 bored厌烦的
tired 疲倦的 awful糟糕的 stressed 焦虑的
strict 严格的 hopeless 无望的 angry生气的
句型积累：
1. 开头
Hi there! I need your help.
嗨,你好！我需要您的帮助。
I’m having a problem. Can you help me
我有一个问题。您能帮帮我吗？
I’m writing to you because I’m in trouble.
我写信给您是因为我遇到了麻烦。
I feel unhappy and I need your advice.
我感到不开心,需要您的建议。
2. 中间句
My parents make too many rules.
我的父母制订了太多的规矩。
I have to get up early and do exercise. 我必须早起锻炼。
My parents believe that doing exercise is good for my health.
我父母认为做运动对我的健康。
I must finish my homework first after school. Its so boring.
放学后我必须先完成作业。这很无聊。
I can't eat junk food. They think I should eat more vegetables and fruit.
我不能吃垃圾食品。他们认为我应该多吃蔬菜和水果。
3. 结尾句
These rules make me unhappy. I don't know what to do.
这些规矩让我很不开心。我不知道该怎么办。
I feel like I have no freedom. What should Ido
我觉得我没有自由。我该怎么办
I’m looking forward to your reply. 我期待您的回复。
I hope you can give me some good ideas. 我希望您能给我一些好主意。
范文
Dear Dr Know,
Can you help me I am Li Ping, an unhappy middle school student. There are so many rules in my family and I have to follow them every day.
First, I must get up at 6 for exercise every morning because my parents think it's good for my health. Second, I have to finish my homework first after school before I can watch TV. Third, I can't eat junk food. My parents always ask me to eat lots of vegetables and fruit.
These rules make me very tired and unhappy. What can I do Hope to hear from you soon.
Yours,
Li Ping

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