资源简介

(共27张PPT)
人教版（2019）必修三
Reading and Thinking
Discover the reasons for festivals and celebrations
Unit 1 Festivals and Celebrations
Learning objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
know the reasons and meanings of celebrating festivals;
identify the main idea of each paragraph when analysing a text;
grasp the structure and language features of the text;
appreciate our own culture and respect others’.
Lead-in
What festivals do you celebrate with your family each year How do you celebrate them
Spring Festival
Chinese Lantern Festival
Mid-Autumn Festival
eat dumplings
give/receive lucky money
pay New Year calls to relatives and friends
set off fireworks
n. 烟火；烟花；[pl.]烟花表演
eat tangyuan/yuanxiao
guess lantern riddles
watch lion dances and beautiful lanterns
eat mooncakes
hang lanterns
gaze at and worship the moon
Why do you think people around the world celebrate festivals Please draw a mind map to show your ideas.
Important people/events
...
Share joy, gratitude, love ...
Have fun;
relax and enjoy life
Family reunion
Reasons
Traditions/Customs
n. 感激之情；感谢
Pre-reading
Let’s predict according to the title and the pictures of the text.
1. What type of the text is it
A. Exposition.
B. Argumentation.
C. Narration.
D. News report.
√
2. What do you think the text is about
The text is mainly about reasons for celebrating festivals.
Identify the main idea of a paragraph
Identifying the main ideas of paragraphs is necessary when analysing a text. Most paragraphs will have a “topic sentence” that tells you the paragraph’s main idea. It is often the first sentence, but sometimes it is found elsewhere in the paragraph.
While-reading
Read the text quickly and underline the topic sentence of each paragraph that gives the main idea.
Read paragraph 1 carefully and answer the following question.
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
What do most festivals seem to have in common Why do you think people around the world find these things important
Festivals most often revolve around building family and community ties. Festivals are rarely celebrated alone. And even when someone is alone during a festival, the festival reminds them of people who used to be in their lives, but who are no longer present. This is important because people are at heart social creatures who desire to have relationships with others and to be a part of the group.
n. 一系列；范围、界限
vi. 包括；（在一定范围内）变化
n. 起源；起因；出身
n. 宗教；宗教信仰
n. 人物；数字；身材 vt. 认为；认定
n. 魅力；迷人的特征；咒语
n. 高兴；喜悦
Read paragraph 2 carefully and answer the following question.
Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime — the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
Why do people celebrate the harvest festivals
People celebrate the harvest festivals to express their gratitude to nature.
n. 收获季节；收获；收成 vi. & vt. 收割（庄稼）；捕猎（动物、鱼）
adj. 农业的
n. 庄稼；作物；一季的收成
vi. 聚集；集合 vt. 聚集；搜集；收割
adj. 感激的；表达感谢的
vt. 以……为特色 n. 特色；特征；特点
vt. 装饰；装潢
n. （基督教的）教堂；礼拜堂
Read paragraph 3 carefully and answer the following question.
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children,
in spite of its religious origins.
What role do customs and traditions play in festivals Do you think they are also the reasons for celebrating festivals Why
Customs and traditions are very important and they are also the reasons for celebrating festivals. People follow customs and sometimes even establish new traditions to celebrate the festivals.
adj. 有重大意义的；显著的
vi. & vt. 逐渐消失；（使）褪色；（身体）变得虚弱
adj. 典型的；有代表性的；平常的
n. 鞭炮；爆竹
adj. 邪恶的；有害的；罪恶的 n. 邪恶；罪恶；恶行
不管；尽管
Read paragraph 4 carefully and answer the following question.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses
taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
Why did the writer mention the commercialisation of festivals How is it influencing people’s way of celebrating festivals
The commercialisation of festivals can influence people’s decisions to spend more money on festivals, which can be considered as an encouragement to celebrate festivals.
adj. 商业（化）的；以获利为目的的
利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
n. 媒介；手段；方法 adj. 中等的；中号的
Read paragraph 5 carefully and answer the following question.
Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
What are some other reasons for celebrating festivals
The other reasons for celebrating festivals can include people’s religious beliefs, personal interests or hobbies, etc.
vt. 显示；反映；反射
n. 信仰；信心；信任
n. 宗教信仰；信任；相信
n. 特别的事情（或仪式、庆典）；（适当的）机会
（兴趣、想法等方面）相同；有相同的特征
WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS
Introduction
Para. 1
Body
Paras. 2-4
Conclusion
Para. 5
Origins of festivals
Common spirit of festivals
The harvest festival
Commercialised festivals
Changes in customs
the importance/significance of festivals
seasons of the year, religions, famous figures and important events
sharing joy, gratitude, love or peace
Time: after all the crops have been gathered in
Purpose:
to show gratitude for the year’s supply of food
Activities:
in Ancient Egypt, in some European countries, in China
Example 1: Lighting firecrackers is not allowed in
many Chinese big cities.
Example 2:
Halloween slowly became an exciting festival for children.
Result: It is good for the economy and public
happiness.
Reason:
Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for people to spend more on gifts.
Read the text again and complete the following mind map.
1. How do you feel about festival customs that have already faded away
2. What is the writer’s attitude towards the commercialisation of festivals
I feel sad, because these customs are part of our culture and history. They make our lives more interesting, and they remind us who we are.
The writer doesn’t directly say. Overall, he seems to think that it is a positive thing, as it helps the economy and makes it easier to buy gifts.
Suggested Answers
Post-reading
In pairs, discuss the following questions.
Today’s festivals have a wide _____ of origins, including the seasons of the year, famous _______, important events, and religions. The ______ festival is one of the most popular festivals and is celebrated in many cultures. Customs play a _________ role in festivals, but they can change over time. For example, some Chinese cities no longer allow firecrackers during the Spring Festival, as they can increase air pollution. These days, festivals are becoming more __________, with people spending more money on gifts. Festivals _______ people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are _________ to spend time with family, and to relax and enjoy life.
range
figures
harvest
significant
commercial
reflect
occasions
Complete the following passage using suitable words from the text. Be sure to use the correct forms.
They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. (P4)
节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
range /re nd / n. 一系列；范围、界限 vi. 包括；（在一定范围内）变化
搭配
a wide/full range of = a variety of 各种各样的……
in/within range (of ...) 在（……的）范围内
out of / beyond range (of ...) 超出（……的）范围
range from ... to ... 包括……
例句
My brother has a great number of interests, ranging from playing chess to swimming.
我弟弟的爱好很多，从下棋到游泳。
Language points
1
They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. (P4)
节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
origin / r d n/ n. 起源；起因；出身
拓展
original adj. 原来的，起初的；独创的 n. [C]原件，原作
originally adv. 原来，起初
originate vi. 起源，发端于 vt. 创立，创建
例句
The origin of the word remains obscure. 该词的来源尚不清楚。
I think you should go back to your original plan. 我认为你应该回头执行你原来的计划。
It’s known that acupuncture originated in China. 众所周知，针灸起源于中国。
2
They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. (P4)
节日的由来五花八门，比如时节、宗教、著名人物及重大事件。
figure / f ɡ (r)/ n. 人物；数字；身材 vt. 认为；认定
例句
Steve Jobs is a key figure in the computer world. 史蒂夫·乔布斯是计算机界的重要人物。
By working out every day, Mary has still kept her figure after all these years.
通过每天锻炼，这么些年后玛丽依然保持着身材。
Our textbook has many figures to help explain the texts.
我们的教科书有许多图表帮助解释课文。
My father was trying to figure out why the camera didn’t work.
我父亲正试图弄懂这架照相机出故障的原因。
3
This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. (P4)
这一重大的农业节日在庄稼全部收割后来临。
gather / ɡ / vi. 聚集；集合 vt. 聚集；搜集；收割
搭配
gather around/round (...) 聚集（在……）
gather together 聚集
例句
It was late August and the crops had been safely gathered in.
已是八月下旬，庄稼都妥善收割完毕。
Football fans gathered around/round the TV in the corner of the room.
足球迷们围在房间角落处的电视旁。
4
Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with
flowers and fruit ... (P4)
如今，在一些欧洲国家，人们用鲜花和水果装饰教堂和市政厅……
decorate / dek re t/ vt. 装饰；装潢
搭配
decorate ... with ... 用……装饰……
be decorated with ... 被……装饰，装饰着……
例句
I will decorate my room with stars, so that sleeping in it will feel like flying in the night sky. 我要用星星来装饰我的房间，这样睡在里面会像是在夜空飞翔。
拓展
decoration n. [U]装饰，装潢；[C, usually pl.]装饰品
5
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time.
(P4) 风俗在节日中扮演重要角色，但有时也随时间而变化。
significant /s ɡ n f k nt/ adj. 有重大意义的；显著的
拓展
significance n. [U, C]重要性，意义
be of great/much significance 重要的，有重大意义的
be of no/little significance 无关紧要的
have great/no significance (for ...) （对……）很重要/不重要
attach (great) significance to ... （非常）重视……
significantly adv. 显著地，明显地
6
例句
Please inform us if there are any significant changes in your plans.
你们的计划如果有任何重大变动，请通知我们。
Your work has shown a significant improvement.
你的工作有了显著改进。
The proposals they put forward at the meeting were of little significance.
他们在会上提出的建议无关紧要。
The new drug has great significance for the treatment of the disease.
这种新药对于这种疾病的治疗有重大意义。
The Chinese government attaches great significance to the issue of climate change.
中国政府非常重视气候变化问题。
One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. (P4)
中国春节燃放鞭炮以驱鬼神、贺新年这一典型风俗就是一个例子。
typical / t p kl/ adj. 典型的；有代表性的；平常的
搭配
be typical of ... 是……的典型
It is typical of sb to do sth. 做某事是某人特有/一贯的做法。
例句
Jack is late again. It is typical of him to keep others waiting.
杰克又迟到了。他一向让别人等。
拓展
typically adv. 通常，一般；典型地，具有代表性地
7
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking
advantage of the celebrations. (P5)
节日正变得越来越商业化，商家会利用这些庆祝活动（进行促销）。
take advantage of 利用；欺骗；占……的便宜
例句
David took advantage of my trust, taking more than I had intended to give.
大卫利用了我的信任，拿走的比我想要给的还多。
拓展
have the advantage of ... 具有……的有利条件
have the/an advantage over ... 比……占优势
take full advantage of 充分利用
8
They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. (P5)
它们（节日）反映了人类的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。
reflect /r flekt/ vt. 显示；反映；反射
拓展
reflect vi. & vt. 认真思考，沉思
reflect on/upon ... 认真思考/沉思……
reflection n. [C]反映；影像；[U]沉思，深思；（声、光、热等的）反射
reflective adj. （指物体表面）反射热的，反光的；沉思的
例句
I reflect on how my day’s gone and think about the rest of the week.
我反思我的一天是怎样度过的，又想了想这一周剩下的时间。
9
They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. (P5)
它们（节日）反映了人类的愿望、信仰、信念以及对生活的态度。
belief /b li f/ n. 信仰；信心；信任
搭配
beyond belief 令人难以置信
have belief in ... 相信……；对……有信心
例句
The players all have belief in their coach. 队员们都相信他们的教练。
拓展
believe vt. 相信；认定
disbelief n. [U]不信，怀疑
in disbelief 怀疑地
10
They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for
a little while. (P5)
节日是让我们放松心情、享受生活、暂时忘却工作的时刻。
occasion / ke n/ n. 特别的事情（或仪式、庆典）；（适当的）机会
搭配
on occasion(s) 偶尔，有时，偶然
on one occasion 有一次
on this/that occasion 这次/那次
on the occasion of ... 在……之际
例句
Our English teacher teaches us English songs on occasion(s) in order to interest us in English. 为了让我们对英语感兴趣，我们的英语老师偶尔会教我们英文歌曲。
11
拓展
(1) occasional adj. 偶尔的，临时的 occasionally adv. 偶尔，有时候
My daughter makes occasional visits to me on weekends and I, on occasions, treat her and her family to a big dinner at home, or occasionally in a restaurant. 我的女儿周末偶尔来看我，有时我在家中招待她和她的家人吃一顿大餐，有时是在餐馆。
(2) occasion表示“某次，……的时候”时，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，则应用关系副词when。
She thought of that occasion when she got help from a stranger on the trip to Lijiang.
她想起了那一次在去丽江的旅途中得到了一位陌生人的帮助。
(3) occasion表示“场合，庆典”等抽象地点名词时，关系词在定语从句中作地点状语，则应用关系副词where。
This is not an occasion for laughter, where you must take things seriously.
这不是大笑的场合，你必须严肃对待事情。

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