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(共27张PPT)
人教版（2019）选择性必修四
Learning About Language
Unit 2 Iconic Attractions
Build up your vocabulary
Learning objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
identify words based on their meanings in English;
grasp some words that have similar forms but different meanings;
use words you have learnt to complete tasks;
experience Thailand’s iconic attractions.
My impressions of Australia
Location
to the south of the equator
bean curd, herbs, dim sim
BBQ, bakeries, fast-food joints, butcher shops, cafes
Premier food experiences
Aborigines
music and instruments
straightforward, free-and-easy attitude, friendliness, warmth
Australian people
Review the text in Reading and Thinking part.
Review
1. _____________ an imaginary line around the earth at an equal distance from the North and South Poles
2. _____________ an outdoor meal with food cooked on a metal frame over a fire
3. _____________ a plant that is used to improve the taste of food, or to make medicine
4. _____________ someone who owns or works in a shop that sells meat
5. _____________ the establishing of a new institution or organisation
equator
barbecue
herb
butcher
foundation
The equator divides the earth into the northern and southern hemispheres.
During the summer, we have a barbecue on weekends.
Various herbs were used to make the meat taste better.
We had trouble finding duck, so we asked the butcher if he could order us some.
The school has served the local community since its foundation in 1902.
Practice
Write down the word that matches each definition. Make a sentence with each word.
Read the following pairs of sentences and find out which underlined word has the same meaning as the one used in the reading text.
A. The partners agreed to make a joint effort to meet the project deadlines.
B. There are many burger joints in Bondi Beach, one of Australia’s most
famous tourist spots.
A. The premier of the Australian government is called the Prime Minister.
B. The Sydney Opera House is a performing arts centre in Sydney. It is one of
the 20th century’s premier buildings.
A. Australian English is particularly different from other types of English in its
pronunciation, so it is rather straightforward to recognise an Australian accent.
B. Many Australians have a straightforward approach to life.
A. A minority of frogs in the forest are poisonous, and locals extract the poison
to use on the tips of their arrows.
B. Ethnic minority groups in China are often entitled to special funds from the
government to help protect their cultural heritage.
共同的
公共场所（尤指价格低廉的饮食和娱乐场所）
总理；首相
最著名的；第一的；首要的
简单的
坦率的
少数民族
少数；小部分
n. 蛙；青蛙
n. 箭；箭头
vt. 给……命名（或题名）；使享有权利
Thailand is a premier holiday destination, attracting tourists from all over the world. Consisting of 77 provinces that _______ (stretch) all the way down to Malaysia in the south, the country has a lot to offer and is a great getaway. A major attraction of Thailand is its amazing selection of islands, each with long sandy beaches and clear blue water. Visitors to the beaches can enjoy many activities, ________ (include) diving, kayaking, and rock climbing. Finding the islands is not __________ (complicate), and there are a variety of islands to suit all tastes. Be careful, however, not to go to popular islands during peak season, unless you want to _______ (wrestle) with other tourists! Many tourists also enjoy visiting Chiang Mai to see the beautiful elephants, the national animal and proud _____ (iconic) of Thailand. Unfortunately, elephants are __________ (endanger) in Thailand, but special parks have been set up to protect their safety and freedom. Visitors can see these __________ (amaze) creatures in their natural domain, and also sponsor an elephant to preserve its health and liberty.
stretch
including
complicated
wrestle
icon
endangered
amazing
Read an advertisement on Thailand’s iconic attractions. Fill in the blanks using the correct forms of the words in brackets.
n. 适合度假的地方
vi. & n. 潜水；跳水；俯冲
n. 划皮艇
高峰季节
n. 自由；不受……影响的状态
n. 领域；领土；范围
vt. 倡议；赞助；主办 n. （法案等的）倡议者；赞助者
n. 自由
清迈（泰国城市）
Review useful structures
Learning objectives
By the end of this section, you will be able to:
master the usage of the past participle;
apply the past participle to complete exercises;
learn how to use the past participle to introduce iconic attractions.
What do you know about the past participle’s functions
1. 过去分词作定语（attribute）
2. 过去分词作状语（adverbial）
3. 过去分词作表语（predicative）
4. 过去分词作宾补（object complement）
Lead-in
Presentation
Work in groups and read the text again to find as many examples of past participles as possible. Then discuss whether each past participle functions as an attribute, adverbial, predicative, or object complement.
adverbial
predicative
attributive
attributive
attributive
predicative
attributive
object complement
predicative
1. D as “the home of golf”, Scotland is a perfect destination for a relaxing
holiday.
Scotland was described as “the home of golf”. It is a perfect destination for a relaxing holiday.
2. Cuba is just south of America, s from it only by the Straits of Florida. It is a
country k for its exciting music and dancing.
Cuba is just south of America and is separated from it only by the Straits of Florida. It is a country that is known for its exciting music and dancing.
escribed
eperated
nown
Fill in the blanks with the help of the beginning letters. Then rewrite the sentences without using past participles and recognise the difference.
n. 高尔夫球运动
n. 海峡
3. With many parts of the world not m yet, researchers have begun a project
that involves travelling around the world and taking sample photographs.
Many parts of the world have not been mapped yet, so researchers have begun a project that involves travelling around the world and taking sample photographs.
4. I by the first European settlers to Australia, the Sunday roast is now
considered typical Australian food.
The Sunday roast was introduced by the first European settlers to Australia. It is now considered typical Australian food.
apped
ntroduced
n. 样本；样品
5. E to the freezing weather, many brave tourists and scientists still choose to
visit Antarctica.
Many brave tourists and scientists who visit Antarctica are exposed to the freezing weather. However, they still choose to visit Antarctica.
6. I by Chinese culture, many capital cities now have Chinatowns which are in
themselves popular tourist attractions.
Many capital cities have been influenced by Chinese culture. They now have Chinatowns which are in themselves popular tourist attractions.
xposed
nfluenced
过去分词，形式上由“动词原形+ed”构成。部分动词的过去分词有特殊形式变化。过去分词作谓语时，用于现在完成时（have+过去分词）和被动语态（be+过去分词）的句子中。不充当谓语的过去分词是非谓语动词的一种，表示被动或完成，在句中可以作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语。
1. 过去分词作定语
（1）过去分词作定语时，如果是单个的词，常置于其所修饰的名词之前；如果是短语，一
般置于其所修饰的名词之后，其意义相当于一个定语从句。
（2）及物动词的过去分词作定语，既表示被动又表示完成；不及物动词的过去分词作定
语，只表示完成。
We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.
我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况。
The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.
这场由五千多人参加的大会欢迎了这位伟大的英雄。
Grammar
过去分词
2. 过去分词作表语
（1）过去分词作表语时，通常表示主语的特点或所处的状态。
（2）有些动词，如interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰
人，用其现在分词形式来修饰物。
The store is now closed.
商店现在关门了。
The book is interesting and I’m interested in it.
这本书很有趣，我对它很感兴趣。
3. 过去分词作状语
（1）过去分词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常为句子的主语，表示的动作与其逻辑主语之间是被动
关系。一般用逗号与句子其他部分隔开。
（2）根据需要，过去分词前可加上when, while, until, once, though, as long as, unless, as
if, even if等词。
（3）过去分词作状语时的位置：句前和句后都可。
Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.
因为写得匆忙，所以这篇文章不是很好。
When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.
当你做体检时应保持镇定。
注意：如果过去分词作状语时，前面再加上其逻辑主语，句子的主语就不再是过去分词的逻辑
主语，这种带逻辑主语的过去分词结构实际上属于独立主格结构。
The signal given, the bus started.
信号一发出，公共汽车就开动了。
4. 过去分词作宾语补足语
过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语的状态或性质，宾语是其逻辑主语，一般是过去分词动作的承受者，即逻辑上的被动关系。而从时间角度考虑，过去分词通常表示动作已经完成。作宾语补足语的过去分词大多数来自及物动词，强调被动或完成。但也有少数来自不及物动词，强调动作完成后的状态。
（1）感官动词see, notice, watch, hear, feel, find等后通常接动词的过去分词作宾语补足语。
I saw his eyes fixed on me with curiosity.
我看见他的眼睛盯着我，充满了好奇。
（2）使役动词get, have, make, leave, keep等后常用过去分词作宾语补足语。
When you are making a speech, you should speak louder to make yourself heard.
当你在作报告时，你应该讲得大声一点儿使得被人听清。
（3）在表示希望和要求的动词（如wish, want, like, order等）后，常使用动词的过去分词作
宾语补足语。
They wanted their buildings constructed in a way to look unusual.
他们希望他们的大楼用一种看起来与众不同的方式建造。
（4）“with+宾语+过去分词”结构：过去分词用作介词with的宾语补足语。这一结构通常在句
中作时间、方式、条件、原因等状语。
With all the things she needed bought, she went home happily.
买完需要的所有东西，她高兴地回家了。（表时间）
With the matter settled, we all went home.
事情得到解决，我们都回家了。（表原因）
She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face.
她站在他面前，眼睛注视着他的脸。（表方式）
With water heated, we can see the steam.
水一被加热，我们就会看到水蒸气。（表条件）
balance astonish expose connect leave introduce
1. I was _______________ to see so many new inventions in the AI session at the science and
technology expo.
2. The room, __________ to the rest of the house by a long passage, was completely empty.
3. ______ in the sun, the wet carpet soon dried off and looked brand new again.
4. Even though some of her classmates study long hours, she is generally able to maintain a
________ lifestyle.
5. Never touch an electric wire when it is ________.
6. _________ by the Chinese government in 2013, the Belt and Road Initiative has strongly
supported the economic development of many participating countries.
astonished
connected
Left
balanced
exposed
Introduced
predicative
attributive
adverbial
attributive
predicative
adverbial
Practice
Complete the sentences using the -ed forms of the verbs below, and then state the functions of the -ed forms. (Workbook P69-1)
The husband was careless enough to leave the car lights on overnight, and in the morning his wife couldn’t get ______________.
My cousin dreams of becoming a painter and wants ______________________ in a gallery.
I felt ______________ forwards when the bus suddenly stopped.
To be frank, I won’t have ________________ with useless discussion.
I cannot bear the smell of ______________ on the barbecue.
A: Timmy, you’d better have __________________ before I get home from work. It’s in a mess.
B: Sure, Mum.
their car started
her paintings displayed
myself thrown
my time taken up
sausage burned
your bedroom tidied
Complete the sentences with the words in the left box and the -ed forms of the verbs in the right box. (Workbook P69-2)
myself my time her paintings
your bedroom the play sausage their car
burn tidy perform throw take up display start
EXAMPLE
Lisa was the leading actress! We saw the play performed on stage yesterday evening.
Below is a passage about the history of the Eiffel Tower before it was considered an iconic attraction. The text contains quite a few verb form mistakes. Correct the mistakes on your own. Then compare your corrections with a partner.
The Eiffel Tower is the most famous landmark in France, and one of the most visiting monuments in the world. But it wasn’t always so popular. In fact, in 1886, just after its construction was first propose, many were strongly against it. At that time, it would have been the tallest building in the world, and many claim it would destroy the skyline of Paris, or perhaps even destroy some historic landmarks. The chief engineer, Gustave Eiffel, replied say that such a large monument was necessary to symbolise the great efforts of the French people as well as the great advancements in modern engineering, industry, and science. The next year, Eiffel gains approval and the tower was built in time to celebrate the 1889 World Fair in Paris. If you look carefully at the tower, you can still see the names of the 72 scientists, engineers, and mathematicians who help in its construction. Originally, the tower was planned to be taken down after 20 years, but it proved to be too useful as a communications tower, not to mention a giant advertisement board, before finally becomes the iconic attraction that we all know today.
visited
proposed
claimed
saying
gained
helped
becoming
n. 纪念碑（或馆、堂、像等）；历史遗迹
Australian Aboriginal rock art is among the most highly prizing in the world, thanks to its age, detail, freshness, and range of colour. Australia has 100,000 known rock art sites. In many areas it’s possible to visit this rock art to accompany by an Aboriginal person who can provide explanations and cultural
interpretations of each work’s complicated meaning. Many samples of Aboriginal rock art accurately dated back as far as 28,000 years. Some sites are among the oldest in the world, estimating to be 40,000 years old.
The rock art is also a record of Aboriginal life many centuries ago. You can admire ancient figures carry spears, boomerangs, bows and arrows, frogs and other animals, a sailing ship, and a female spirit with four arms.
prized
accompanied
have been
estimated
carrying
Below is an introduction to Australian Aboriginal rock art, but it contains quite a few verb form mistakes. Correct the mistakes. (Workbook P69-3)
Ethnic minority groups in China are often entitled to special funds from the
government to help protect their cultural heritage. (P16)
在中国，少数民族经常有权从政府获得特别基金，来保护他们的文化遗产。
entitle / n ta tl/ vt. 给……命名（或题名）；使享有权利
搭配
entitle sb to do sth 给某人做某事的权利
entitle to sth 有权；有资格（to是介词，后跟名词、代词或动名词）
例句
This ticket can entitle you to have a free meal in this hotel.
这张票可以让你在这个旅馆免费吃一顿饭。
In our class, everyone is entitled to their opinion.
在我们班，人人都有权发表自己的意见。
Language points
1
Visitors to the beaches can enjoy many activities, including diving, kayaking, and rock climbing. (P16)
去海滩的游客可以享受许多活动，包括潜水、划皮艇和攀岩。
dive /da v/ vi. & n. （dived/dove, dived）潜水；跳水；俯冲
搭配
dive (from/off ...) into ... （从……）跳入/潜入……
dive into sth 迅速将手伸进（包或口袋里）；潜心研究某事
例句
Linda dived into her bag and took out a couple of coins.
琳达立即将手伸进包里拿出几枚硬币。
拓展
diver n. [C]潜水员
2
Visitors can see these amazing creatures in their natural domain, and also sponsor an
elephant to preserve its health and liberty. (P16)
游客可以在这些自然区域内看到这种神奇的动物，也可以赞助一头大象来保护它
的健康和自由。
sponsor / sp ns (r); NAmE spɑ:ns r/ vt. 倡议；赞助；主办
n. （法案等的）倡议者；赞助者
搭配
be sponsored by 由……资助
sponsor sb to do sth 资助某人做某事
例句
The businessman announced that he would sponsor the health care plan.
这位企业家宣布他将赞助这项医疗保健计划。
3
Homework
Summarize the usage of the past participle.
Polish your introduction about iconic Chinese attractions. Pay attention to using the past participle.

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