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专题02 阅读理解（说明文）15篇（中考真题 中考模拟）-冲刺2025年中考英语演练（浙江专用）
（2024·浙江·中考真题）Every year, lots of animals around the world go on migrating (迁徙 ) journeys. Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young. Migrations can be long and difficult for animals, but new research on birds has found that farmland along the way can help their progress.
In spring, hundreds of thousands of birds living near Lake Poyang, in China, fly north to Siberia, Russia. On the way, they find places to stop and eat to keep their energy levels up for the long journey. Some birds, such as geese, eat young grass that starts to grow at the beginning of the season. This food can last for only a few weeks. And rising temperatures caused by climate change can sometimes make the grass grow earlier than usual. This means that some birds are arriving too late to eat the grass. As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too.
A team of researchers have recently chosen to follow 246 birds, including geese and tundra swans, that are flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia. They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt (适应) to the environments they pass through. As well as eating grass from the wetlands along the way, the birds are also eating seeds (种子) dropped by farmers.
The researchers believe that seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets as more natural wetlands disappear. They suggest that if farmers use different ways of harvesting, such as using machines that leave behind more seeds in fields, it could help to feed migrating birds. However, they also say wetlands must be protected, so the birds can enjoy different foods during their long journeys.
1．Which can be a reason for animal migration according to Paragraph 1
A．Raising their babies. B．Enjoying the journey.
C．Sending food to others. D．Taking care of the old.
2．What problem might the birds meet when flying from Lake Poyang to Siberia
A．There is no grass growing along the way.
B．There is a sudden drop in temperature on the way.
C．Fewer natural wetlands are left for them to find food.
D．Some of the birds set out early and eat too much grass.
3．How do the birds adapt to the environments they pass through
A．By changing their diets.
B．By changing the way they fly.
C．By making their homes in wetlands.
D．By making fiends with farmers.
4．What can be the best title of the text
A．Stop killing, stop polluting B．Save water, save life
C．Bids help harvesting work D．Farms help migrating birds
（2024·浙江·中考真题）If you are looking for somewhere special to visit in London, we may have the answer for you: Sir John Soane’s Museum. The museum is one of London’s best-kept secrets, and it’s well worth a visit. Sir John, a great architect (建筑师), lived in London during the 18th century (1753—1837), and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it. In fact, visiting the house is just like stepping back in time.
There are three floors which are open to the public. You can start on the first floor. This was Sir John’s work area. You can ask the guards about the paintings on the walls as they tell you something about this family and life. And don’t worry about the guards as they are really nice and helpful. Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor. Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London. Now comes the last part, the underground floor. It’s full of thousands of valuable objects, such as sculptures (雕塑) and models of famous buildings from all over the world. Walking around this part of the house is a bit like being on a treasure hunt, as you can find things hidden away in secret corners. Anyway, you’ll have to go there yourself to see.
Sir John Soane’s Museum is a very small place. It’s only about ten minutes’ walk from the British Museum. There is a free hour-long guided tour every Saturday at 2:30 pm, but the best thing is just to walk about by yourself. So now you know where to go next time you’re in London. We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget!
5．Why is Sir John Soane’s Museum special according to Paragraph 1
A．It is the oldest museum in London. B．There is a time machine in it.
C．It is kept the same as Sir John left it. D．There are lots of secret boxes in it.
6．In which order does the writer advise people to visit the museum
①the underground floor ②the ground floor ③the first floor
A．①②③ B．②①③ C．①③② D．③②①
7．What can be seen on the ground floor of the museum
A．A series of interesting paintings. B．Pictures of Sir John and his family.
C．A valuable collection of sculptures. D．Models of famous buildings in the world.
8．What does the underlined word “guarantee” in the last paragraph probably mean
A．hear B．decide C．promise D．remember
（2023·浙江湖州·中考真题）Scientists believe the Earth is 4.6 billion years old. However, the mountains, valleys (山谷), hills, rivers, deserts and forests we see today are much younger than that. For example, Mount Qomolangma is about 60 million years old and the Amazon rainforest is only 10 million years old. The youngest sea in the world is the Baltic Sea, at about 15000 years old.
The Earth is always changing because of volcanoes (火山), earthquakes and of course, wind and rain. Some of these changes are very slow and others are quick. Water and ice can make very great changes to the planet. For example, glaciers rivers of ice can cut through mountains and make lakes and deep valleys. Many volcanoes are under the oceans and sometimes they become new islands. This is happening in the South Pacific, near Tonga.
It’s normal for our planet to change, but at the moment, scientists think it’s changing faster than usual. Some deserts are growing and many forests are getting smaller. The weather is getting wetter in some places and drier in others, and there are more big storms. According to the research, the sea level will continue to rise in the next hundred years. As a result, many cities will possibly be covered by water and much of the most productive farming areas will be lost. Some island countries are likely to disappear on the map of the world.
These changes will bring great harm to the planet. However, they can be beneficial to some people. For example, as the Arctic is getting warmer, some people in Greenland now own businesses and sell vegetables they grow on their land. That wasn’t possible in the far north 50 years ago. Farmers in Greenland like the warm weather and hope it will continue.
9．How does the writer describe the changes of the Earth in Paragraph 2
A．By using sayings. B．By giving examples.
C．By telling stories. D．By listing numbers.
10．From Paragraph 3, we can mainly learn about ________.
A．the age of the Earth B．problems for the planet
C．the life of the farmers D．influences on the mountains
11．The underlined word “beneficial” in Paragraph 4 is the closest in meaning to “________”.
A．harmful B．normal C．helpful D．uncomfortable
（2023·浙江衢州·中考真题）① One morning, I got up early and decided to make an apple pie for my mum. I called my grandma for help, followed a TV program to make jam and waited excitedly. I enjoyed every step so much that I didn’t notice three hours pass by. Although the pie looked terrible and was not that delicious, Mum ate it up and told me it was the best pie that she had ever had. For the first time, I realised that although I didn’t make the pie successfully, I really enjoyed the process (过程).
② The process is important because it brings us something bigger than the result itself. That is, we always have new experiences during the process, which may help us improve our skills or form good relationships with others. If we just concentrate on the result and do not enjoy the process, we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to give up. As a result, we will never understand the real meaning of success.
③ But in this busy world, we see a lot of successful people are in competition. How can we enjoy the process Well, the question has the answer in itself.
④ Don’t always compare yourself with others. First of all, we are all different. And success means different things to us. For some, success means being famous, while for others, it may be health or power. Ride your own ride.
⑤ Slow down. You need to stop expecting immediate results in what you do and learn to be patient. Impatience leads to unhappiness. Do it slowly, but never stop.
⑥ Reward (奖励) yourself. Divide the process into small steps, and give yourself a reward after completing each of them. Rewarding yourself for small wins can go a long way. For example, if you are in the process of losing weight, enjoy your favourite cake once in a while.
12．How does the writer start the article
A．By giving an example B．By comparing facts.
C．By using old sayings. D．By listing numbers.
13．What do the underlined words “concentrate on” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Make up. B．Get ready for.
C．Point out. D．Pay attention to.
14．Which of the following best shows the structure of the text
A． B． C． D．
15．Which could be the best title for the text
A．Enjoy the process B．What does success mean to us
C．Never give up D．How can we achieve good results
（2023·浙江衢州·中考真题）China is a country with many great mountains. Some of them have beautiful sights while others are rich in cultural value. The mountains listed below are either among the most famous or the most beautiful.
Mount Taishan
Mount Taishan is one of the most famous mountains in China. It has always been seen as a symbol of power (权力) and peace. Many emperors came here to show respect to heaven and earth.
There are two must-see sights on the mountain. The first is the Jade Emperor Peak, which is at the top of Mount Taishan. It offers tourists amazing views of the whole mountain, including sunrise, sunset, and a sea of clouds. The second is Bixia Temple. It has a group of ancient buildings with five large halls.
Mount Huashan
Mount Huashan is famous for its natural cliffs (峭壁) and narrow paths. It has five great peaks. The East Peak is the best place for seeing sunrise; the North Peak is famous for its sea of clouds; the South Peak is the highest peak (2, 155 meters) of Mount Huashan; the West Peak is a huge rock shaped like a lotus flower; the Middle Peak is at the center of the five peaks.
The way up the mountain is known as one of the most dangerous walks in the world. The mountain also has several famous temples.
Mount Huangshan
_________:
● Strange Pines (松树). Some stand alone on peaks. Others hang downwards from the cliffs.
● Absurd Stones. They can look like humans or animals. It depends on the direction in which you look.
● Seas of Clouds. They often make the peaks seem like large and small isalnds.
● Hot Springs. They have been well-known since ancient times.
16．What can we know about Mount Taishan according to the text
A．It stands for health and peace.
B．The hot springs there are very famous.
C．It is the most dangerous mountain in China.
D．We can enjoy wonderful views from the Jade Emperor Peak.
17．According to the text, if Betty wants to enjoy the sea of clouds in Mount Huashan, she should go to ________.
A．the East Peak B．the South Peak
C．the West Peak D．the North Peak
18．Which of the following is the best to fill in the blank “_________”
A．Mount Huangshan is famous for its “four natural wonders”
B．Mount Huangshan plays an important part in Chinese culture
C．Mount Huangshan is popular with those who like strange pines
D．Mount Huangshan’s sights of sunset and sunrise are not to be missed
19．Why does the writer write the text
A．To share experiences of mountain climbing.
B．To introduce the great mountains in China.
C．To offer ways to research mountains in China.
D．To advise people to protect the great mountains.
（2023·浙江丽水·中考真题）Seagrass, an underwater plant that grows on the ocean floor, is very important for sea life. It also helps prevent global warming by storing carbon, a harmful gas. However, scientists don’t know exactly how much seagrass is at the bottom of the ocean. With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers has discovered the world’s largest seagrass meadow（grassland）on the seafloor near the Bahamas.
Seagrass meadows are home to many different kinds of fish, shellfish, and so on. Large sea animals, such as sharks, also spend a lot of time there looking for food. Seagrass can grow in very deep and dark waters, making it difficult to find. But sharks can dive deep into the water and get to the areas people cannot reach.
After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert, trying to map the locations of the plants. The researchers fitted seven tiger sharks with cameras. Since tiger sharks swim in groups, they placed satellite tracking tags（卫星跟踪器）on eight other sharks to find out exactly where the animals swam. They collected hours of videos of the tiger sharks swimming through seagrass.
The researchers found more seagrass growing near the Bahamas than they expected—in fact, they believe that there is more seagrass there than anywhere else on Earth. The new finding increased the total number of seagrass known to exist by 41%. However, more research is needed to discover the true size of the seagrass meadow.
Scientists often depend on findings from divers and boats to study about the underwater world, but this team found that working with animals improved their understanding. They are now placing cameras on sea turtles to study seagrass in the Red Sea. Hopefully, more mysteries about seagrass will be solved.
20．What are the scientists studying according to the passage
A．Sharks. B．The Bahamas. C．Seagrass. D．The Red Sea.
21．Which italic（斜体）word has the same meaning as the underlined word “map” in Paragraph 3
A．Is there a map of China in the classroom
B．Amy mapped out her plans on the new project.
C．It is the West lake that really puts Hangzhou on the map.
D．The police have successfully mapped where the missing boy is.
22．What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A．The reason for the study. B．The method to do the research.
C．The finding of the research. D．The difficulty in carrying out the study.
23．Why does the writer write the passage
A．To tell the importance of saving seagrass.
B．To express the strong love for tiger sharks.
C．To share a new way of doing undersea research.
D．To introduce a special project on global warming.
（2023·浙江台州·中考真题）
The race is on to get more electric cars on the road. People predict that electric cars might be more common in the future. But according to a 2021 survey by Pew Research Center, more than half of U, S, adults like gas-powered cars better. They say electric cars are expensive and charging (充电) them is a big problem. For now, most people plan to stick with gas-powered cars. We ask young readers what they think about electric cars.
Henry, 12 years old, San Francisco I think we should all have electric cars. This would cut down air pollution and allow us to breathe better. Cleaner air also means there will be fewer animals dying. Think of all the lives we have lost by destroying our environment. Some people think electric cars are pricey. But their prices are coming down. What’s more, gas costs a lot more than electricity. Once you use the gas, it’s gone. Anyway, I think we’re going to run out of gas at some point. This will make electric cars a need. Also, do you know that electric cars can travel 33 miles for about a dollar You can’t say that for gas. All cars should be electric!
Sandy, 13 years old, New York I don’t think all cars should be electric. First of all, charging stations are less common than gas stations. This makes electric cars a lot less convenient for long trips. What’s more, cold weather does harm to the batteries (电池). They can’t work well as usual. And electric cars are also more expensive than common cars. A new electric car usually costs around $ 11, 000 more than a new gar car. True, electric cars help slow climate change. But throwing batteries away can hurt our planet.
24．Over half of the American adults agree that electric cars ________ according to the survey.
A．have no problem in charging B．are bad for the environment
C．are expensive and less convenient D．can work better in cold weather
25．The underlined word “pricey” probably means “________”.
A．fast B．slow C．cheap D．expensive
26．Sandy develops her idea mainly by ________.
A．telling stories B．listing facts C．asking questions D．using sayings
27．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Should all cars be electric
B．Will cars be common in the future
C．Can electric cars help slow climate change
D．Are gas-powered cars bad for the environment
（2025·浙江杭州·二模）Imagine a city built as a line across the desert. It can run on 100% clean energy and 100% renewable water. That sounds impossible, but it’s becoming a reality.
Saudi Arabia is building such a city called The Line. It starts from the mountains of Northwest Saudi Arabia and pushes its way to the Red Sea. With an area of just 34 square kilometres, it can be home to 9million people. The Line is 500 metres tall, 200 metres wide and 170 kilometres long, with two huge mirror walls standing on its both sides.
To put living experiences and natural environment first, The Line is designed to have three layers (层). The top layer has no roads or cars, keeping over 95% of the nature around. Carefully designed environment makes the best balance of sunshine, trees and other natural sights. The middle layer is for services. All of them are operated by AI. Robots and a huge man-made moon make the city a technology paradise (天堂). From shopping malls to sports areas, wherever you go, you will be amazed at how convenient life can be. The lowest layer is the most important part which shows how fast the city runs. The Line’s high-speed railway powered by electricity makes it possible to travel end to end in 20 minutes.
The plan started in early 2021 and is expected to finish its first stage in 2030. However, not everyone shows enough confidence in the plan. Environmentalists argue that mirror walls of The Line will bring danger to animals. For example, birds may hit onto the glass or even die when they migrate every spring and autumn. Besides, some commentators (评论员) also question whether the city will be built successfully. But Tarek Qaddumi, the director of the plan, seems sure, “We hope to get faster, better and greener results, with less environmental influence. it will set a new standard for future city life.”
28．What’s The Line according to the passage
A．A city that will lie under the Red Sea.
B．A city that will be built in the shape of a line.
C．A city that will have a population of 11 million.
D．A city that will have stone walls on the two sides.
29．Which picture shows the three layers of The Line
A． B．
C． D．
30．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text
A．The top layer is the most important. B．Only the middle layer is operated by AI.
C．The second layer shows how fast the city runs. D．Not everyone believes this plan will be successful.
31．Why does the writer write the passage
A．To tell who will build The Line. B．To advise people to visit The Line.
C．To introduce a future city called The Line. D．To show the difficulties of building The Line.
（2025·浙江舟山·一模）
Springtime brings so many changes—the weather gets warmer, colorful flowers grow everywhere, and birds sing sweet songs. It’s the time of year when people go outside and do fun activities again, especially after a long winter. What else do you know about this beautiful season Read on to learn some fun spring facts. ★Ancient New Year celebrations In many European cultures, the New Year was once celebrated in spring. For example, in ancient Rome, the New Year started in March. ★Spring cleaning The practice of spring cleaning is popular in different cultures. In Persian (波斯) culture, spring cleaning goes back 3,000 years to a spring tradition called “khane tekani”. This means “shaking the house”. ★Swallows (燕子) come back to the same nests (巢) every spring Most birds use the nests only once and will start fresh in the next spring with a new nest. But research has shown that most swallows return to the same nests year after year. ★The Eiffel Tower “grows” in spring Not many people know this, but the Eiffel Tower actually gets taller by up to 6 inches in the warmer temperatures of spring. So if it appears taller, don’t be surprised.
32．When was the New Year celebrated in ancient Rome
A．In January. B．In March. C．In June. D．In October.
33．Which fact is from the text
A．Most Swallows always use the same nests again.
B．The Eiffel Tower becomes 6 inches shorter in spring.
C．Europeans celebrate the New Year to welcome winter.
D．“Khane tekani” means “cleaning the garden” in Persian traditions.
34．In which part of the magazine can we probably read the text
A．Travel & Food. B．History & Geography. C．Art & Design. D．Culture & Science.
（2025·浙江舟山·一模）
As a child, I didn’t like Peking Opera. The actors sang and spoked in strange ways and their clothes looked “ancient”. That was until last year, when I saw a video of an actress singing a modern song “Queencard” in a Peking Opera style. I started thinking the traditional art form was really cool.
My story might help explain why the new Chinese-drama Love Game in Eastern Fantasy is so popular among young people, both at home and abroad. Although the show is set in ancient times, it develops in a game-like way. The character Ling Miaomiao (Yu Shuxin) finds herself inside a fantasy (幻想) novel. To get back to the real world, she must finish many tasks. When I first saw her hit by lightning and the words “The End” appear on the screen —I laughed out loud. It felt like I was playing a game myself!
The drama also uses modern language. Ling sometimes says things like “What Did I break the law ” or “How much did these special effects cost ” These words fit the character and add fun to the show.
This show is an example of pop culture’s role in spreading Chinese culture. Global Times calls online novels, online dramas and online games the “three carriages (三驾马车)” of this effort. The key is to interest young people first. If they are interested, they want to learn more. Now. people are talking about the traditional kills behind the show Love Game in Eastern Fantasy. They are also learning more about Chinese folk stories, like Shanhaijing, from the show. This is the power of pop culture.
35．What changed the writer’s opinion about Peking Opera
A．A traditional show at school.
B．The beautiful ancient costumes of actors.
C．A video mixing Peking Opera with a modern song.
D．Some online novels, online dramas and online games.
36．Why is the show Love Game in Eastern Fantasy popular among young people
A．It tells ancient Chinese stories directly.
B．The actors are all famous international stars.
C．It has special effects and expensive costumes.
D．It uses game-like storytelling and modern language.
37．What can people learn about because of the show Love Game in Eastern Fantasy
A．Chinese folk stories. B．Traditional festivals.
C．The modern technology. D．The history of the online drama.
38．What can be the best title of the text
A．The Popularity of Peking Opera B．Pop Culture or Traditional Culture
C．Pop Culture Connects us to Traditions D．Chinese-drama Love Game in Eastern Fantasy
（2025·浙江杭州·二模）It’s getting hot. You go to have your hair cut. The barber Tony cuts off part of your hair and sweeps it away, but your hair’s journey is not over after the haircut.
Have you ever thought of planting your old hair after it’s cut off Some farmers do! What comes up Not wigs (假发) , but bigger and tastier crops. Hair is full of nitrogen (氮) that helps plants to grow. When cut hair is mixed into soil, the hair breaks down, slowly letting out nitrogen so it can help flowers and vegetables got big a little faster.
If you’ve got a wool sweater on, you’re wearing a sheep’s haircut. Sheep grow fine curly (弯曲的) fur called wool. All those curls make air pockets that trap heat, keeping the sheep warm. Farmers shear the sheep in summer, so the sheep don’t feel too hot. And we use the hair to make warm clothes, socks, and hats. Wool can even take in rain without feeling wet. Wool also doesn’t catch fire easily.
What does your hair say about you Even many years after it has been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets. Because hair is made from bits of old cells, it has trace (微量) of chemicals (化学物质) that were in the body when the hair grew. When people are kept in the situation of dangerous chemicals, these traces remain in the hair, even long after they have disappeared from the body itself. Testing hair can help doctors know if there are dangerous chemicals in the food and water. Hair can tell another important secret—whose hair is it This can be used to help solve crimes.
Hair does so many things for us. It keeps us warm and cool, helps farmers, shows mysteries, and provides endless styling fun. One thing is for sure, it’s not just for wigs any more.
39．How does hair help plants to grow
A．It provides nitrogen. B．It breaks down soil.
C．It takes in rainwater. D．It lets out a smell.
40．What does the underlined part “shear the sheep” mean
A．Give enough food to the sheep. B．Wash the sheep many times.
C．Find living place for the sheep. D．Cut the wool off the sheep.
41．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4
A．Hair helps keep warm. B．Hair testing is important.
C．Hair can tell secrets. D．Hair helps solve crimes.
42．How is the passage organized (P: Paragraph)
A． B． C． D．
（2025·浙江·一模）
For more than a month, the world has been excited about a new AI model, DeepSeek-R1. It was developed by DeepSeek, a Chinese business based in Hangzhou, Zhejiang province,
The new AI came out on Jan 20. In just one week, it beat OpenAI’s ChatGPT and became the top free application in Apple’s App Store, reported Xínhua.
Its developer said that DeepSeek-R1 is as good at difficult tasks as other big models but needs less computing power. It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop. That is the way less than the hundreds of millions or even billions that US businesses have had to spend in building similar AI models.
DeepSeek-R1’s success largely came from its special training method. Traditionally, AI is trained in two ways. One is Chain-of-Thought (CoT, 思维链), where AI learns to break problems into smaller, simpler steps. The other is Supervised Fine-Tuning (SFT, 监督微调), which works by showing Al lots of practice problems along with the right answers for it to find a pattern.
DeepSeek-R1, however, used Reinforcement Learning (RL, 强化学习) as the main method. Xinhua reported. In RL, AI learns by trying different things. It gets rewards for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes. For example, in a game, it gets points for picking up litter and ▲ . Over time, it works out the best solution all by itself.
This is how DeepSeek-R1 has grown to be a reasoning model, which is a new type of AI, named Microsoft engineer Vinayak mon AI models, like GPT-40, usually just give direct answers. But reasoning models are trained to both think and show the process.
43．What does the underlined word “it” refer to
A．Deepseek-R1. B．UpenA1. C．ChatGPT. D．Chain-of-Thought.
44．What are the reasons for DeepSeek-R1’s success
①Its low cost. ②Its big models. ③Its simple pattern. ④Its special method.
A．①③ B．③④ C．②③ D．①④
45．Which of the following can be put in ▲
A．collects much information
B．solves the problem itself
C．loses ones for breaking a glass
D．uses the main method again
46．What’s the best title of the passage
A．How Deepseek-R1 Developed. B．A New AI Model Excited the World.
C．The Increasing Technology of China. D．The Popularity of Deepseek-R1.
（2025·浙江舟山·一模）When people think of wildfires, burning trees often come up. If you see a city burning while its trees remain standing, you might wonder if something unusual is happening.
For weeks in January, 2025, large wildfires swept through Los Angeles, USA．They took many lives and burned a large number of houses. As pictures of the fires spread across the Internet, people noticed trees standing next to burned-out homes and cars. Some didn’t believe that a fire would leave trees untouched. As plenty of pictures and videos from Los Angeles show, trees can and do catch fire. But it’s true that some did not burn. Researchers say there is an explanation for that.
First, it comes down to moisture (水分). “It’s pretty clear to me,” said Miranda Hart, a biology professor. “Trees are filled with tons of water. ” Without doubt, trees do burn when fires are big and hot enough. But if a tree full of water is next to something very dry, the dry thing will burn first and even change the course of the fire. “In that way, you can imagine the fire just going around the tree if there’s enough dry things on either side of it,” Prof. Hart added.
Besides, the tree type also matters. Certain trees are more likely to catch fire. Deciduous (每年落叶的) trees, for example, are less likely to burn. That’s because their leaves are wet and they have less resin (树脂). Compared with them, the conifers are usually every green trees. They are highly easy to burn.
In Los Angeles, palms (棕榈树) are everywhere. They’ve become a symbol of the city. But some local fire departments have advised against planting more palms. Without proper care, these trees can burn terribly during wildfires and bring danger to people and objects nearby.
47．What do we know about the wildfires in Los Angeles according to the text
A．All trees caught fires. B．They lasted for one week.
C．They burned many houses. D．They broke out in summer.
48．How would a fire pass through a tree full of water and dry things according to Prof. Hart
a tree full of water a dry thing a fire course
A． B．
C． D．
49．How many reasons why some trees remain standing in the wildfires are mentioned in the text
A．One. B．Two. C．Three. D．Four.
50．What is the writer’s purpose of writing the text
A．To warn people not to use fires in the wild.
B．To suggest Los Angeles stop planting palm trees.
C．To ask people to help control the fires in Los Angeles.
D．To explain why some trees can stay safe from wildfires.
（2025·浙江衢州·模拟预测）
What happens if you don’t get enough sleep Randy Gardner, a high 54 school student in the US, wanted to find out. He did an experiment on the effect of sleeplessness for a science project and stayed awake for about 264 hours.
After 24 hours without sleep, Gardner started having trouble reading and watching television. The words and pictures were blurry. By the third day, he was having trouble doing things with his hands. By the fourth day, Gardner was hallucinating (产生幻觉). Over the next few days, Gardner’s speech became hard to understand. By the eleventh day, Gardner couldn’t pass a counting test. He simply stopped counting in the middle and couldn’t remember what he was doing.
When Gardner finally went to bed, he slept for 14 hours and 45 minutes. The second night he slept for twelve hours, the third night he slept for ten and one-half hours, and by the fourth night, he had returned to his usual sleeping time. Even though Gardner became well again quickly, scientists believe going without sleep can be dangerous and say people shouldn’t repeat Randy’s experiment.
Has anyone stayed awake longer than Gardner Yes! Maureen Weston from the UK holds the record for staying awake the longest in 1977. She went 18 days and 17 hours without sleep!
During your lifetime, you will likely spend 1/3 or more of your life sleeping. But why Surprisingly, scientists don’t know for sure. Scientists used to think we “turned our brains (大脑) off” when we went to sleep. But now, however, they know our brains are very active when we sleep. Some scientists think we sleep to refresh brain cells. Other scientists think sleep helps the body to grow and feel relaxed. Whatever the reason, we know it’s important to get enough sleep.
51．How long did Gardner stay awake in the experiment
A．24 hours. B．14 hours. C．About 11 days. D．Around 18 days.
52．What does the underlined word “blurry” probably mean in Paragraph 2
A．Unclear. B．Colorless. C．Funny. D．Exciting.
53．What can we learn from the text
A．Gardner stayed awake the longest in the world.
B．Scientists can tell why sleep takes a long time in our life.
C．Gardner slept as usual on the first night after the experiment.
D．Scientists have found our brains are active while we are sleeping.
54．What is the main purpose of the text
A．To show a special experiment. B．To introduce an American student.
C．To tell people the truth of sleep. D．To advise people to sleep enough.
（2025·浙江衢州·模拟预测）
Yangge is a popular folk dance among the Han people in northern China. It has a long history and lots of interesting stories, filled with rich cultural meanings, and is one of the first national intangible cultural heritage (非物质文化遗产) items in China.
It began a long time ago when farmers were working in the fields. During rice-planting seasons, many farmers, with the help of women and children, would head to the fields. To make the hard work more fun, someone would beat a big drum. As the drums sounded, people sang and worked together, creating a lively and exciting environment. Over time, this activity turned into Yangge dance we see today.
Yangge is a very old tradition in northern Shaanxi. It started a long time ago in the Northern Song Dynasty. At first, it was named “Yang Ge”, meaning “the song of spring”. During festivals or important celebrations, people of all ages get together in the streets. Dancers wear colorful clothes and big smiles. They move to the lively sound of gongs and drums (锣鼓). Their dancing makes the air full of joy and draws many people to watch.
There are several reasons why Yangge dance is so unusual. Firstly, it is full of energy. The simple and lively dance steps let people show their feelings freely. Secondly, it brings people closer. When people dance Yangge together, they talk and work together. This helps make their community a happy and friendly place. Thirdly, it is a very important part of our culture. Passed down from age to age, it keeps our traditional culture alive.
In modern times, Yangge dance is not only a traditional activity but also a popular form of exercise and pleasure. People often dance it in parks and squares. It shows up in international cultural activities, becoming something that stands for and spreads Chinese culture around the world.
55．What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Where people sang and worked together. B．Why people beat drums in Yangge dance.
C．How today’s Yangge dance first started. D．What farmers did during rice-planting seasons.
56．Why do people play gongs and drums in Yangge dance
A．To make the dance harder. B．To show their music skills.
C．To make the dance fun and lively. D．To have a competition with others.
57．What makes Yangge dance so special
①It is active. ②It connects people. ③It keeps Chinese culture alive. ④It is a modern exercise.
A．①②③ B．①②④ C．①③④ D．②③④
58．Which can be the best title of the text
A．Yangge Dance and Festivals B．The History of Yangge Dance
C．Yangge Dance in Northern Shaanxi D．Yangge Dance, a Special Folk Dance
试卷第1页，共3页
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《专题02 阅读理解（说明文）15篇（中考真题 中考模拟）-冲刺2025年中考英语演练（浙江专用）》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 A C A D C D A C B B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C A D C A D D A B C
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 D C C C D B A B C D
题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
答案 C B A D C D A C A D
题号 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
答案 C A A D C A C A B D
题号 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58
答案 C A D D C C A D
1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D
【导语】本文主要讲述了农田如何帮助迁徙的鸟类。
1．细节理解题。根据第一段“Some need to find food, others are looking for somewhere to produce and raise their young.”可知，动物迁徙的原因之一是为了繁殖和抚养后代。故选A。
2．细节理解题。根据第二段“As more land is used for farming, the natural wetlands where birds like to search for food are disappearing, too.”可知，鸟类在迁徙途中可能面临的问题是自然湿地的减少，导致觅食困难。故选C。
3．细节理解题。根据第三段“They find that the birds have changed their diets to adapt (适应) to the environments they pass through.”可知，鸟类通过改变饮食来适应经过的环境。故选A。
4．最佳标题题。根据文章内容，尤其是第一段“farmland along the way can help their progress”以及第四段“seeds will become a more important part of migrating birds’ diets”可知，文章主要讲述了农田如何帮助迁徙的鸟类。故选D。
5．C 6．D 7．A 8．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了约翰·索恩爵士博物馆。
5．细节理解题。根据“and the amazing thing is that his house is exactly the same as he left it”可知令人惊奇的是，他的房子和他离开时一模一样。故选C。
6．细节理解题。根据“You can start on the first floor...Next, you can go downstairs to the ground floor...Now comes the last part, the underground floor.”可知先参观二楼，然后下楼到一楼，最后到地下楼层。故选D。
7．细节理解题。根据“Here you can see his rich collection of paintings. For example, there is a series (系列) of interesting paintings about 18th century life in London”可知在这里你可以看到他丰富的绘画收藏，例如，有一系列关于18世纪伦敦生活的有趣画作。故选A。
8．词义猜测题。根据“We guarantee that it’s an experience you won’t forget!”可知是保证这是一次你不会忘记的经历，故此处划线部分和promise意义相近。故选C。
9．B 10．B 11．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了地球因为各种原因总是在变化，详细地介绍了这些变化的好处和坏处。
9．推理判断题。根据“For example, glaciers rivers of ice can cut through mountains and make lakes and deep valleys…”可知，通过举例子的方式来描述地球的变化，故选B。
10．推理判断题。根据“The weather is getting wetter in some places and drier in others, and there are more big storms…As a result, many cities will possibly be covered by water and much of the most productive farming areas will be lost. Some island countries are likely to disappear on the map of the world”可知，第三段主要介绍了这些变化所带来的问题，故选B。
11．词义猜测题。根据“These changes will bring great harm to the planet.”以及“However, they can be beneficial to some people.”可知，这些变化会带来危害，However表示转折，划线句子应说也可以带来好处，也就是给一些朋友带来帮助，故选C。
12．A 13．D 14．C 15．A
【导语】本文主要是作者通过讲述自己做苹果派的经历告诉我们，做任何事情不要看重结果，要享受这个过程，并就如何享受过程提出了几点建议。
12．推理判断题。根据第一段可知，作者是通过结合自身做苹果派的例子来引出本文主题，故选A。
13．词义猜测题。根据“If we just concentrate on the result and do not enjoy the process, we will be more likely to feel disappointed and want to give up.”可知，如果只关注结果而不享受过程，更有可能感到失望，想要放弃，所以划线单词表示“关注”，与“Pay attention to”词义接近，故选D。
14．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段作者讲述了自己做苹果派的经历；第二段讲述了自己的感悟；第三段引出问题“如何享受过程”，第四段到第六段提出建议，C项符合文章的结构。故选C。
15．最佳标题题。本文主要是作者通过讲述自己做苹果派的经历告诉我们，做任何事情不要看重结果，要享受这个过程，并就如何享受过程提出了几点建议，文章整体以“享受过程”为线索展开介绍，所以最适合本文的标题是：享受过程，故选A。
16．D 17．D 18．A 19．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的三座山脉。
16．细节理解题。根据“The first is the Jade Emperor Peak, which is at the top of Mount Taishan. It offers tourists amazing views of the whole mountain”可知，我们可以从玉皇峰上欣赏美丽的景色，故选D。
17．细节理解题。根据“the North Peak is famous for its sea of clouds”可知，北峰以云海而闻名，所以应该去北峰，故选D。
18．推理判断题。根据“Strange Pines”、“Absurd Stones”、“Seas of Clouds”及“Hot Springs”可知，下文提到了黄山的四处自然景观，所以此处应是提到了这四处自然景观，故选A。
19．主旨大意题。根据“The mountains listed below are either among the most famous or the most beautiful.”及全文的内容可知，作者是为了介绍中国的三座山脉，故选B。
20．C 21．D 22．C 23．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了海草的重要性以及科学家如何利用虎鲨进行海底研究，以及他们在巴哈马发现的世界最大的海草草地，这种创新的研究方法有利于增加人类对海底世界的了解。
20．细节理解题。根据“With the help of tiger sharks, a team of researchers has discovered the world’s largest seagrass meadow（grassland）on the seafloor near the Bahamas.”可知科学家在研究海草。故选C。
21．词义猜测题。根据“After noticing tiger sharks swimming through seagrass off the Bahamas, an American scientist worked with a seagrass expert, trying to map the locations of the plants”可知在注意到虎鲨在巴哈马群岛附近的海草中游动后，一位美国科学家与一位海草专家合作，试图绘制这些植物的位置图，故此处mapped意为“绘制……的位置”；分析四个选择可知，选项D“警方已成功绘制出失踪男孩的位置”中的mapped也以为“绘制……的位置”。故选D。
22．段落大意题。根据“The researchers found...”以及本段内容可知本段主要介绍了研究的发现。故选C。
23．主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了海草的重要性以及科学家如何利用虎鲨进行海底研究，以及他们在巴哈马发现的世界最大的海草草地，这种创新的研究方法有利于增加人类对海底世界的了解，故作者写本文的意图是分享这种新的海底研究方式。故选C。
24．C 25．D 26．B 27．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了两个学生对于电动汽车的看法。
24．细节理解题。根据“They say electric cars are expensive and charging (充电) them is a big problem”可知超过一半的美国成年人认为电动汽车很贵而且充电是一个大问题。故选C。
25．词义猜测题。根据“Some people think electric cars are pricey. But their prices are coming down”可知转折词前表示电动汽车的价格很高，故划线部分意为“昂贵的”。故选D。
26．推理判断题。根据“charging stations are less common than gas stations...”可知Sandy通过列举了一些事实信息介绍自己的看法。故选B。
27．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了两个学生对于电动汽车的看法，故以选项A“所有的汽车都应该是电动的吗”为标题最合适。故选A。
28．B 29．C 30．D 31．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了沙特阿拉伯正在建造的一座名为The Line的未来城市，包括它的基本情况、三层设计以及人们对该计划的不同看法。
28．细节理解题。根据“Imagine a city built as a line across the desert. Saudi Arabia is building such a city called The Line.”可知，The Line是一座被建造成线状的城市。故选B。
29．推理判断题。根据“The top layer has no roads or cars, keeping over 95% of the nature around.…The Line’s high-speed railway powered by electricity makes it possible to travel end to end in 20 minutes.”可知，顶层是自然环境相关，中间层是服务区域，底层是高铁等体现城市运行速度的部分。故选C。
30．推理判断题。根据“However, not everyone shows enough confidence in the plan.”可知，不是每个人都相信这个计划会成功。故选D。
31．推理判断题。文章从The Line的设想、建造位置、规模、分层设计以及人们对它的看法等方面进行了介绍，主要是为了介绍名为The Line的未来城市。故选C。
32．B 33．A 34．D
【导语】本文讲述了春天的文化、历史和科学现象，包括古代新年庆祝、春季大扫除、燕子归巢以及埃菲尔铁塔在春天“长高”等有趣的事实。
32．细节理解题。根据“In ancient Rome, the New Year started in March.”可知，古罗马的新年是在三月庆祝的。故选B。
33．细节理解题。根据“Most birds use the nests only once and will start fresh in the next spring with a new nest. But research has shown that most swallows return to the same nests year after year.”可知，大多数燕子每年都会回到同一个巢。故选A。
34．推理判断题。根据文章内容，文章主要介绍了春天的文化、历史和自然现象，因此最可能出现在“文化与科学”部分。故选D。
35．C 36．D 37．A 38．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章以作者对京剧看法的转变为例，引出电视剧《东栏雪》在年轻人中受欢迎的现象。
35．细节理解题。根据文中“That was until last year, when I saw a video of an actress singing a modern song ‘Queencard’ in a Peking Opera style. I started thinking the traditional art form was really cool.”可知，直到去年，作者看到一个女演员以京剧风格演唱现代歌曲《Queencard》的视频，才开始觉得京剧这种传统艺术形式很酷。故选C。
36．细节理解题。根据文中“Although the show is set in ancient times, it develops in a game-like way.”以及“The drama also uses modern language.”可知，这部剧虽然设定在古代，但以类似游戏的方式展开，还使用现代语言，这是它在年轻人中受欢迎的原因。故选D。
37．细节理解题。根据文中“They are also learning more about Chinese folk stories, like Shanhaijing, from the show.”可知，人们通过这部剧能更多地了解中国民间故事，比如《山海经》。故选A。
38．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章围绕如何传播中国传统文化展开，强调流行文化在连接人们与传统文化方面的作用，最佳标题要能够涵盖整体内容。故选C。
39．A 40．D 41．C 42．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了头发的多种用途，展现了头发在生活中的多种功能和重要性。
39．细节理解题。根据“Hair is full of nitrogen (氮) that helps plants to grow. When cut hair is mixed into soil, the hair breaks down, slowly letting out nitrogen so it can help flowers and vegetables got big a little faster.”可知，头发富含氮，能帮助植物生长。当剪掉的头发混入土壤中，头发分解并慢慢释放出氮，从而帮助花卉和蔬菜长得更快一点。所以头发是通过提供氮来帮助植物生长的。故选A。
40．词句猜测题。根据“Farmers shear the sheep in summer, so the sheep don’t feel too hot.”可知，此处是指农民为了让羊在夏天不感到太热而剪掉羊毛。短语“shear the sheep”指的是“给羊剪毛”，故选D。
41．主旨大意题。通读第四段，由“Even many years after it has been cut, hair can tell surprising secrets.”可知，本段主要讲述了头发可以揭示许多秘密，包括检测化学物质和解决犯罪等。故选C。
42．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，首段引出关于头发的话题；第二，三和第四段分别介绍了头发的用途；最后一段进行总结。故选A。
43．A 44．D 45．C 46．A
【导语】本文介绍了人工智能DeepSeek-R1的出现与发展。
43．词句猜测题。根据第一段“For more than a month, the world has been excited about a new AI model, DeepSeek-R1.”和本段中“The new AI came out on Jan 20”可知，“it”指的是DeepSeek-R1。故选A。
44．推理判断题。根据第三段“It is also the cheapest of its kind and took only about 5.57 million US dollars (40.58 million yuan) to develop.”和第四段“DeepSeek-R1’s success largely came from its special training method.”可知，DeepSeek-R1的成功是因为价格低以及特殊的训练方法，故选D。
45．推理判断题。根据前句“In RL, AI learns by trying different things. It gets rewards for correct actions and gets punished for mistakes.”和“For example, in a game, it gets points for picking up litter”可知，DeepSeek-R1使用强化学习模式，从正确的行为中得到奖励，从错误中得到惩罚，在游戏中因捡垃圾得分，此处是说失分的情况，C项“因打碎玻璃而失分”符合语境，故选C。
46．最佳标题题。本文主要介绍了人工智能DeepSeek-R1的出现与发展，故选A。
47．C 48．A 49．B 50．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了2025年1月美国洛杉矶发生的野火情况，很多房屋被烧毁，但有些树木却未被烧毁，接着从树木含水量和树种两个方面解释了部分树木在野火中得以留存的原因。
47．细节理解题。根据文中“They took many lives and burned a large number of houses.”可知，野火夺走了许多生命，烧毁了大量房屋。故选C。
48．细节理解题。根据文中“But if a tree full of water is next to something very dry, the dry thing will burn first and even change the course of the fire. ‘In that way, you can imagine the fire just going around the tree if there’s enough dry things on either side of it.’”可知，充满水分的树旁边如果有干燥的东西，干燥的东西会先燃烧，火会绕着树，A选项图示符合该描述。故选A。
49．细节理解题。根据文中“First, it comes down to moisture.”和“Besides, the tree type also matters.”可知，文章提到了水分和树种这两个有些树木在野火中未被烧毁的原因。故选B。
50．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章开篇引出洛杉矶野火中树木有的未被烧毁这一现象，接着具体阐述原因，整体是在解释为什么有些树木能在野火中安然无恙。故选D。
51．C 52．A 53．D 54．D
【导语】本文主要介绍睡眠不足对人的影响，具体举了Gardner实验的例子，建议人们获取充足的睡眠。
51．细节理解题。根据“He did an experiment on the effect of sleeplessness for a science project and stayed awake for about 264 hours.”可知，他醒着264小时，约11天。故选C。
52．词句猜测题。根据“The words and pictures were blurry.”可知，经历了长时间的睡眠不足，看字和图片显得模糊了，unclear意为不清楚的。故选A。
53．细节理解题。根据“Scientists used to think we “turned our brains (大脑) off” when we went to sleep. But now, however, they know our brains are very active when we sleep.”可知，科学家知道了当我们在睡觉的时候，大脑也是非常活跃的。故选D。
54．主旨大意题。根据“Whatever the reason, we know it’s important to get enough sleep.”和通读全文可知，建议人们获取充足的睡眠。故选D。
55．C 56．C 57．A 58．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种中国传统民间舞蹈——秧歌。
55．主旨大意题。根据“It began a long time ago when farmers were working in the fields. During rice-planting seasons, ... Over time, this activity turned into Yangge dance we see today.”可知，本段介绍了秧歌如何从起源到流行的过程。故选C。
56．细节理解题。根据“They move to the lively sound of gongs and drums. Their dancing makes the air full of joy”可知，人们演奏锣鼓是为了使舞蹈更有趣和活泼。故选C。
57．细节理解题。根据“There are several reasons why Yangge dance is so unusual. Firstly, ... it keeps our traditional culture alive.”可知，秧歌之所以特殊是因为它很活泼，能笼络人，并保持中国文化的鲜活。故选A。
58．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，主要介绍了秧歌这种特殊的中国传统民间舞蹈。故选D。
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