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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
中考英语完形填空高频词汇与固定表达
一、高频词汇分类记忆（附考频标注）
（一）名词（中考复现率★★★★）
人物与情感
achievement 成就（近3年真题出现2次）
例：His greatest achievement was winning the national competition.
friendship 友谊（高频主题词）
例：The story tells us the value of friendship and trust.
pressure 压力（常与study搭配）
例：Many students face great pressure during exams.
动作与状态
challenge 挑战（常考短语accept the challenge）
例：Climbing the mountain was a big challenge for him.
progress 进步（固定搭配make progress）
例：She has made rapid progress in English this term.
operation 手术（医疗主题高频词）
例：The doctor performed an operation to save the patient.
环境与社会
community 社区（近3年真题出现3次）
例：We should take part in community activities to help others.
government 政府（常考政策类话题）
例：The government has taken steps to protect the environment.
safety 安全（交通/校园安全主题）
例：Wearing a seatbelt is important for road safety.
（二）动词（逻辑关系核心★★★★★）
行为动作
affect 影响（易混词effect为名词）
例：Bad weather can affect our mood.
encourage 鼓励（固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth.）
例：Teachers often encourage us to ask questions.
manage 管理；设法完成（常考manage to do sth.）
例：He managed to finish the work in time.
情感与态度
complain 抱怨（常考短语complain about）
例：Don’t complain about the difficulties; try to solve them.
expect 期待（近义look forward to）
例：I expect to see you at the party.
prefer 更喜欢（固定搭配prefer doing/to do）
例：She prefers reading to watching TV.
因果与结果
cause 引起（常考cause problems/issues）
例：Eating too much junk food can cause health problems.
result 导致（固定搭配result in/from）
例：His carelessness resulted in the accident.
solve 解决（常与problem搭配）
例：We need to find ways to solve the traffic problem.
（三）形容词（情感色彩关键★★★）
积极词汇
amazing 令人吃惊的（近义surprising）
例：The view from the top of the mountain was amazing.
comfortable 舒适的（常考环境描写）
例：This chair is more comfortable than that one.
energetic 精力充沛的（人物性格描写）
例：She is always energetic and ready to help others.
消极词汇
dangerous 危险的（安全主题高频词）
例：It’s dangerous to play near the river.
disappointed 失望的（常考be disappointed with）
例：He was disappointed with his exam results.
nervous 紧张的（考试/演讲场景）
例：I feel nervous when speaking in public.
对比词汇
similar 相似的（固定搭配be similar to）
例：Their hobbies are similar to mine.
different 不同的（反义same）
例：People have different opinions about this issue.
二、固定表达分类突破（附易混辨析）
（一）动词短语（搭配陷阱★★★★）
短语 含义 例句 易混对比
look forward to 期待（后接动名词） I look forward to hearing from you. 区别look for（寻找）
give up 放弃（后接动名词） Never give up your dreams. 区别give in（屈服）
come up with 想出（计划/主意） Can you come up with a better idea 区别catch up with（赶上）
get along with 与……相处 She gets along well with her classmates. 区别get over（克服）
take care of 照顾 He takes care of his younger sister. 区别take part in（参加）
（二）介词短语（语境逻辑★★★★）
时间关系
at least 至少：You should sleep at least 8 hours a day.
in the end 最后：In the end, we found the lost key.
on time 按时：Be sure to arrive on time for the meeting.
因果关系
as a result 结果：He didn’t study hard. As a result, he failed.
because of 因为（后接名词）：We canceled the trip because of the rain.
位置关系
in front of 在……前面（外部）：There is a tree in front of the house.
in the front of 在……前面（内部）：The teacher stands in the front of the classroom.
（三）复合句引导词（逻辑连接★★★★★）
转折：but, however, although
例：Although he is young, he is very wise.（although不与but连用）
条件：if, unless
例：You won’t succeed unless you work hard.（unless=if not）
结果：so...that, such...that
例：It was so hot that we stayed at home.（so+形容词/副词）
例：It was such a hot day that we stayed at home.（such+名词短语）
三、完形填空解题策略（结合高频词汇）
1. 语境推断法
例题：
Tom was ______ because he failed the math test.
A. happy B. nervous C. disappointed D. excited
解析：根据“failed the test”可知情绪消极，选C（disappointed）。
2. 固定搭配法
例题：
She is good ______ playing the piano.
A. at B. in C. on D. for
解析：固定搭配be good at，选A。
3. 逻辑关系法
例题：
I wanted to go out, ______ it was raining heavily.
A. so B. but C. and D. or
解析：前后句为转折关系，选B（but）。
4. 复现提示法
例题：
The ______ of the club is to help students learn English.
A. purpose B. challenge C. achievement D. pressure
解析：后句“to help...”解释目的，选A（purpose），属于原词复现。
四、实战演练（附答案解析）
完形填空真题片段
Last summer, I went to a summer camp. There were many interesting ______ (1), like hiking and painting. I made a lot of new friends. One day, we had a ______ (2) to climb a mountain. At first, I felt very ______ (3), but my friends encouraged me. We ______ (4) reached the top together. It was an ______ (5) experience!
1. A. courses B. activities C. competitions D. exams
2. A. chance B. problem C. challenge D. tradition
3. A. excited B. nervous C. angry D. bored
4. A. finally B. hardly C. never D. usually
5. A. amazing B. awful C. common D. easy
答案与解析：
1. B（hiking and painting属于activities）
2. C（climb a mountain是挑战，用challenge）
3. B（根据转折词but推断起初紧张，用nervous）
4. A（最终到达山顶，用finally）
5. A（积极体验，用amazing）
五、备考清单
1. 高频词汇默写表：每天背诵20个名词/动词/形容词，标注词性和中文释义。
2. 固定搭配思维导图：按“动词+介词”“形容词+介词”分类整理，如look系列、take系列。
3. 错题归因本：记录因词汇或搭配错误的题目，注明错误类型（如词义混淆、搭配不熟）。
关键提醒：完形填空70%的答案可通过“语境+搭配”锁定，训练时需强化“前后文逻辑关联”意识，避免孤立解题！
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