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抢分秘籍 05完形填空
(词汇复现+瞻前顾后+逻辑推理+生活常识)
目录
【高考预测】（完形填空）词汇复现+瞻前顾后+逻辑推理+生活常识.............................................................01
【思维导图】完形填空考点考向思维导图............................................................................................................02
【应试秘籍】完形填空常考点及应对的策略........................................................................................................02
【误区点拨】完形填空点拨常见的易错点............................................................................................................02
【抢分通关】完形填空押题新高考方向，讲解通关策略（含新考法）............................................................11
【模拟新题练】........................................................................................................................................................11
【押题演练】.............................................................................................................................................................14
概率预测 ☆☆☆☆☆
题型预测 完形填空——词汇复现+瞻前顾后+逻辑推理+生活常识
考向预测 完形填空 ☆☆☆☆☆
【思维导图】
一、词汇复现
利用语义复现解题
语义复现是指同一语篇内词汇相同(原词)或者词汇在词义上存在同义、近义、同源、上义或下义关系的现象。考生可以利用这些词汇特点并结合具体语境来解题。
易错点1：无法识别同义词造成错误
1．(2025年1月浙江卷节选)
　　Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s cooking. A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her ___42___ to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes strangers into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money
这里需要辨别出addiction n. 嗜好和hobby n. 业余爱好是同义词，英语复习时，要把常用替代的同义词系统复习一下。
2.（2024年1月浙江完形填空节选）
Without batting an eye, he would quote a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I recall him asking at one point.
9．A．writers B．historians C．workers D．students
易错点2：忽视反义词复现造成错误
(2023·全国乙卷)The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from an 54 member of the national team to the top of the sport.
54．A.amateur B．elected
C．average D．enthusiastic
易错点3：忽视句子结构造成错误
　(2023·全国乙卷)“I'm going to inspire so many people，” she said. “I'm ready to 60 .” And shine she did.
60．A.shine B．fly
C．dance D．score
这里文章的And shine she did.倒装句，正常语序是 "And she did shine."（强调确实如此），其中 "did" 是助动词，"shine" 是主动词的原形。因此，根据句意shine就是重复强调上文的原词。
利用词汇复现解题
词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
（1）原词或同根词复现
原词或同根词复现是指相同的单词或同根词在原文中反复出现，达到衔接文章的目的。
（2）同义词或近义词复现
同义词或近义词复现是指意义相同或相近的单词在原文中反复出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。在做完形填空试题时，就可以利用这种衔接方式找到要填入单词的同义词或者近义词，从而也就找到了试题的答案。这也包括了同源词复现，即相同词根构成的不同词性的单词在文章中反复出现。
（3）)反义词复现
反义词复现是指和前文中词义相反的单词在原文中出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。我们可以利用这一衔接手段在文章中寻找要填入单词的反义词。
（4）结构复现
有时空格处的信息并不局限于与前一句中某个信息点的重复，可能是与前几句中的某个信息点的重复，也不局限于同词复现或同义复现，甚至连句式结构都非常类似。
二、利用逻辑关系解题
所谓的逻辑关系是指文章在语法或语意上存在的并列、顺承、转折、因果、目的等关系。考生只有在透彻理解文意的基础上，才能对句内或句组的上下文逻辑关系做出正确的判断，从而选出正确答案。因此，考生须掌握常见的逻辑关系标志词(如：and, but, however, then, so, because, instead of, so as to等)，通过标志词透彻理解上下文的文意。
易错点： 忽视逻辑关系造成错误
1.（2025年1月浙江卷完形填空节选）“But it’s also a great ___53___, for it can sometimes take days to organise a single event,” Ribeiro said.
53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
文中的并列连词for表原因，对解题起到了关键解释作用，为正确选择提供了线索。
2.（2024年1月浙江卷完形填空节选）It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 12 , and admirable person prevented me doing so.
11．A．look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with
12．A．well-behaved B．multi-skilled C．warm-hearted D．self-educated
But但是……，转折关系再加上highly informed, 12 , and admirable对person的同义词修饰。理清作者的思路，进而做出正确选择。
3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空节选）Although the two young women were strangers before the 　54　, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 　55　 of human kindness won the day.
(　)54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
(　)55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange
Although尽管……，尽管这两个年轻妇女以前是陌生人，但它们匆匆成为朋友。利用让步关系理清作者的思路，进而做出正确选择。
利用行文逻辑解题
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局， 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系(连接词有and，while等)；转折关系(连接词有but，however，whereas，nevertheless等)；因果关系(连接词有so，therefore，thus，because, for，since，as等)；让步关系(连接词或短语有though，although，despite, in spite of等)；条件关系(连接词或短语有if，unless, once，provided that，in case of等)；解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.，that is to say, in other words等)；顺序关系(连接词有before，after，and，first，second，then，next, finally等)。
完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。
三、利用习语搭配解题
完形填空题对固定搭配的考查主要是动词、形容词和介词、副词的搭配。考生须在平时多积累这些搭配的意义与用法，才能快速准确地解答这类题目。
易错点1：专注于同义词辨析造成错误
1.（2024·全国Ⅱ卷）
Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
这里不是考查同义词辨析，而是通过语境和固定搭配来判断答案。此处重点考查词语搭配remind sb to do sth意为：提醒某人做什么。再加上后面的语境：正是这些小小的善举让一个新的国家感觉像是家。
2.（2024年1月浙江高考卷）
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family.
45．A．visited B．financed C．attended D．founded
46．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding
这里不是考查同义词辨析，而是通过固定搭配来判断答案。此处重点考查词语搭配attend school意为“上学”；build highways意为：建高速公路。
易错点2：习惯搭配或短语记得不熟造成错误
1.（2023·全国甲卷·节选）Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we stayed there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___42___ its way down the hill toward us.
(　)42.A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling
此处重点考查词语搭配make one’s way意为“去,前往,到……地方去”。
2.(2022·浙江1月卷)Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39.similar problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in 40 . “Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 41.insignificant，” she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being 42.compromised.”
40．A.turn B．peace
C．vain D．silence
利用习语搭配解题
英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现，完形填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候，在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们做出正确选择。
值得注意的是：英语完形填空中的词义辨析，大多是利用短语和语境解题，与词义辨析没什么关系。
四、利用情感态度解题
在做完形填空题时，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
易错点：忽视语篇故事中的情感线造成错误
1.(2023·全国甲卷)It was a very nice 45.gesture for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes，we were 46.worried because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 47.shiny things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label(标签) on it. These can't be any 48.good, we thought. But we were 49 his kindness, so we 50.tried them.
49．A.sympathetic to B．thankful for
C．cautious about D．interested in
2. （2022·全国高考甲卷·节选）
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their 41 was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay.
41．A．ownership　　　　　　　 B．membership
C．companionship D．leadership
在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是解题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助考生快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
考生在解答该类问题时，要善于把握与作者的写作态度、感悟色彩相关的词汇，特别是某些形容词、副词。这类题型主观性较强，心理描写较多。
利用情感态度解题
在完形填空中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
每篇完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用文章内容的情感态度的相关词汇就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在理解文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出答案。
情感态度：①关注故事的转折点和相关人物的情绪变化；②判断作者与文中其他人物的情感态度；③积累表达“爱憎好恶”的词汇和固定短语。
五、利用上下文语境解题
上下文语境具体体现为全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
易错点：忽视上下文语境造成错误
1.(2024年1月·浙江卷·节选)
A young Chinese man 2 me on the train. My new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese.
2．A．treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached
根据下文语境解题I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese我很高兴地抓住这个机会去练习了我的中文。可知，只有两个人离得近了才能进行对话。所以一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。选approached。
4.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空节选）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a competitior across the finish line.
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
根据上下文语境解题是最常用的方法。考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。
利用上下文语境解题
完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。
六、利用文化或生活常识解题
一些完形填空题经常会涉及文化或生活常识方面的知识，这些文化或生活常识主要靠考生平时的阅读积累，从某种程度上来说，此类问题主要考查考生的学习视野和知识面。
易错点：缺乏生活常识造成错误
1.（2025年1月·浙江卷·节选）Ribeiro ___44___ ?35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours.
44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises
根据生活常识：享受了三道菜的一顿饭，再加上3个小时的服务，理应收取费用，故用charges。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选）Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t. Bailey then 　47　 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention.
(　)47.A.went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down
根据常识自然是弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。
3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选）Although the two young women were strangers before the 　54　, they’ve since become friends.
(　)54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
根据常识，两人没见面之前自然是陌生人。
利用生活常识解题
跨文化思考意识是中学英语《新课程标准》中要求的基本准则之一。因此考生在备考过程中，应该有意识地利用有关资料，了解一些有关中西方文化差异的知识来完善自己的知识系统。完形填空题中有时就渗透着相关的，如科学、历史、文化、风俗民情等方面的知识。如果考生掌握了丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，就具备了一定的判断能力，可以大大简化复杂的分析过程和判断过程。这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要扩大阅读面，增强自己这方面的知识储备，避免常识性错误。同时，还要注意中西方文化的差异，避免出现汉语式表达或理解。
完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生的生活，涉及日常生活常识的试题就在所难免。所以考生在解题时，可以根据这些常识做出正确选择。
完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识：有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确地解题。
【总结方法】
生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着三者如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。能够根据生活常识答题，也是完形填空要考查的一个方面。学生在把握全文意思的基础上，有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择。
高考模拟新题练
时间：45分钟 满分：45分 得分：__________
1.（2025届安徽省安庆市高三期二模）
My grandmother, Mary, was a gardening artist. She 1 herself with the garden and each element there vividly showed her 2 for plants.
However, a fruit tree refused to bear fruit. Mary studied all in an attempt to change the 3 . She spoke to the tree, sang to the tree, 4 with this tree—but all in vain. Finally, she contacted a farm expert for help. After Mary’s 5 a long list of what she had done, the expert made a dramatic suggestion— 6 the base of the tree.
Concerned about being considered as a 7 , Grandma looked both ways before hitting the tree. She knew the shocks would find their way down to the root system and 8 the tree, but still doubted the result.
To her 9 , the next spring the tree bore many fruits. We enjoyed the products of the tree for years to come and often 10 together at how silly this elderly woman must have looked as she hit the defenseless tree. The story will always 11 a great source of joy for our family.
At one time in depression, I called Grandma for 12 . “The tree’s greatest strength and value 13 after hardship”, she reminded me 14 that my roots were being awoken by the challenges I faced and that I would be a more 15 “tree” because of them.
1．A．connected B．busied C．challenged D．provided
2．A．passion B．concern C．support D．respect
3．A．agreement B．decision C．environment D．situation
4．A．struggled B．parted C．reasoned D．argued
5．A．hearing B．comparing C．reciting D．discovering
6．A．beat B．protected C．dug D．watered
7．A．cheat B．loser C．fool D．thief
8．A．stimulate B．shake C．remove D．damage
9．A．satisfaction B．shame C．regret D．amazement
10．A．screamed B．laughed C．wondered D．jumped
11．A．come from B．rely on C．serve as D．lead to
12．A．sympathy B．advice C．company D．action
13．A．survived B．changed C．reduced D．came
14．A．gently B．frequently C．suddenly D．nervously
15．A．beautiful B．impressive C．influential D．fruitful
2.（2025·广东省高三期3月综合测试）
It’s pouring all day in Mumbai today, making it a disaster to go outdoors. However, I had a(n) 1 task that required my immediate physical presence.
Under such circumstances, calling a taxi seemed nearly 2 . I stood for quite some time, but either the taxi was 3 or the drivers were declining customers due to the stormy weather.
Then, a lucky turn of events occurred: a driver who had initially 4 me, after moving ahead, came back and offered me a(n) 5 . I was overjoyed! I told him my destination hesitantly as that area was already 6 . I apologized to him and thanked him as I got in. He turned around and said, “Madamji, don’t you 7 me I’m Radheshyam. I used to be the security guard at your building. Now, I’ve 8 this job.” I was 9 , realizing that he was indeed familiar from my residence. We 10 a light conversation on the way to my destination.
Upon arrival, I thanked him again for transporting me despite the tough 11 . He responded, “I would take you anywhere you need to go. You were the only one who wished us good morning every day and spoke to us 12 .”
This encounter is a(n) 13 that regardless of our professions or social status, every individual 14 to be treated with respect. Simple phrases like “Thank you,” “Please,” and “Good morning” cost nothing but can significantly 15 someone’s day.
1．A．urgent B．risky C．repetitive D．easy
2．A．unnecessary B．effortless C．impossible D．manageable
3．A．occupied B．delayed C．damaged D．abandoned
4．A．contacted B．refused C．followed D．found
5．A．ticket B．ride C．choice D．explanation
6．A．developed B．leveled C．restored D．flooded
7．A．hear B．trust C．understand D．recognize
8．A．finished B．created C．landed D．desired
9．A．surprised B．embarrassed C．confused D．overjoyed
10．A．reflected on B．struck up C．longed for D．put off
11．A．competition B．training C．decisions D．conditions
12．A．honestly B．casually C．confidently D．respectfully
13．A．reminder B．blessing C．discovery D．decision
14．A．agrees B．deserves C．chooses D．learns
15．A．start B．fill C．brighten D．record
3.（2025·河南省名校学术联盟高三下学期模拟冲刺英语试题（三））
I started writing poetry just after hitting my teens. Then I quickly fell in love with the artistry, wordplay, and rhythmic challenge of 1 poems.
A few years later, it 2 to me that I should be reading poetry, so I looked at a few books of poetry but 3 nothing that spoke to me. For years afterward, I 4 to write poetry but did not read the works of established poets. 5 , I eventually went to college, where I was forced to read poetry and finally found 6 and poets that resonated (共鸣) with me.
It’s not unusual to 7 young poets who don’t read poetry. Some say they don’t want their work to be 8 by other poets, but many have faced the same 9 I did: they haven’t been able to find poetry that they like.
As a young poet, most of the works I encountered were 10 to me. I didn’t care about the topics, and the language felt 11 . A lot of it was form poetry, and I have since discovered that I 12 free-form. It was like digging down a massive mountain to 13 a few small, sparkly gems (宝石). Frankly, it took too much 14 to find one poet or poem that interested me.
But that was back before the Internet. Nowadays, it’s much easier to 15 the available works of poetry to find the good stuff.
1．A．crafting B．appreciating C．observing D．reciting
2．A．applied B．happened C．occurred D．referred
3．A．created B．wrote C．learned D．found
4．A．refused B．continued C．afforded D．pretended
5．A．Fortunately B．Basically C．Naturally D．Reasonably
6．A．resources B．partners C．means D．works
7．A．admire B．encounter C．criticize D．persuade
8．A．imitated B．envied C．influenced D．possessed
9．A．opportunity B．defeat C．process D．difficulty
10．A．irrelevant B．unfamiliar C．complicated D．adoptable
11．A．vivid B．outdated C．accurate D．brief
12．A．copy B．hide C．prefer D．doubt
13．A．polish B．strike C．design D．unearth
14．A．courage B．effort C．consumption D．expectation
15．A．stare at B．turn down C．scan through D．account for
押题演练
时间：45分钟 满分：45分 得分：__________
Passage1
A Canadian mom was shocked recently when she learned a message in a bottle she wrote and threw into a lake over 20 years ago was discovered.
Van said she received an 1 call from her daughter’s school secretary. “ 2 , when the school calls, parents are usually pretty 3 , but he said, ‘It’s good news. We found a letter that you wrote!’” It turned out that a boy had 4 a bottle near a shore with a letter inside that was written by 9-year-old Van. In the letter, young Van even 5 that whoever found the letter contact the school to let them know.
Pierre, Van’s former teacher, now 6 , said he remembered giving the message-in-a-bottle 7 to his students back in 1998. “They had to identify themselves and write down little things about what they learned,” Pierre 8 . “Then, we walked it over to the lake, and they all 9 their bottles into the water. And a few weeks later, we received one 10 , but then, that was it, until two weeks ago.”
Pierre 11 the entire story as unreal. “It was wild, and it 12 memories. The coincidences to this story — the fact that Scarlet, Van’s daughter, is in grade 4 at the same school that her mom was when she 13 it. As for the little boy who found the bottle, I taught his father as well,” Pierre said.
“It was extremely 14 to me,” Van said. “I can see the power of education now and how it lives on. So it’s definitely a beautiful 15 ,” she added.
1．A．unrealistic B．unfortunate C．unexpected D．unreliable
2．A．Eventually B．Typically C．Hopefully D．Consequently
3．A．delighted B．embarrassed C．surprised D．worried
4．A．found B．lost C．held D．bought
5．A．urged B．ordered C．requested D．advised
6．A．retired B．absorbed C．stressed D．refreshed
7．A．assignment B．instruction C．experiment D．presentation
8．A．complained B．explained C．promised D．approved
9．A．poured B．lowered C．kicked D．threw
10．A．excuse B．chance C．response D．suggestion
11．A．mistook B．named C．accepted D．described
12．A．brought back B．stored up C．took away D．made up
13．A．heard B．returned C．wrote D．received
14．A．comfortable B．memorable C．challenging D．confusing
15．A．deal B．moment C．lesson D．journey
Passage2
I was sitting in a chemistry lab class during my first year of university, nervous about the experiment we were to perform. My hands started to 1 when I grabbed a pipette (吸液管). The experience was 2 . I was hoping to pursue a career in science, but I started to wonder whether that would be 3 .
I was born with brain damage. My family 4 to find good doctors for me. Shortly after my first birthday, I started walking, and it became clear that my intelligence function was 5 . So, in some sense, I was lucky. Still, both my hands shook, especially when I was nervous or embarrassed. I learned to write and do simple tasks, but it wasn’t easy to do anything 6 .
As a teenager, I joined a study group called “The Natural World”, which aroused my 7 about biology. At university, I enjoyed the lectures in my science classes. 8 , many lab tasks proved impossible.
At the end of my second year, I 9 the professor of the lab to see whether I could work with her. I was afraid to 10 I couldn’t do any lab tasks. To my relief, she was completely 11 . She set me to work performing behavioral experiments for others in the lab with the help of colleagues.
I’ve come to realize that my hands aren’t the 12 I thought they were. By making use of my abilities and working as part of a 13 , I’ve been able to follow my 14 . I may design experiments and interpret results, which 15 me most in the field of science.
1．A．hurt B．move C．wave D．shake
2．A．frightening B．disheartening C．surprising D．amazing
3．A．available B．acceptable C．suitable D．possible
4．A．failed B．wanted C．managed D．refused
5．A．limited B．unaffected C．improved D．tested
6．A．gradually B．completely C．carefully D．precisely
7．A．curiosity B．fear C．confusion D．regret
8．A．Therefore B．However C．Besides D．Meanwhile
9．A．questioned B．encountered C．approached D．inspired
10．A．admit B．find C．pretend D．deny
11．A．critical B．indifferent C．supportive D．resistant
12．A．tool B．gift C．barrier D．advantage
13．A．family B．team C．debate D．game
14．A．rules B．habits C．steps D．passions
15．A．excited B．challenged C．reminded D．confused
Passage3
After ten years in the same company, I found my job was no longer fun. However, I didn’t have the confidence to apply for new jobs due to lack of experience. I felt 1 .
A friend suggested another path — 2 . I had toyed with the idea of studying for a master’s degree but 3 stood in my way. Yet I found a course at London College of
Communication, then I 4 my job and enrolled (注册).
During the 18 months that followed, I began to flourish (茁壮成长). Not only had I found the courage to take my life forward in a new and 5 direction but the self-doubt that had followed me around like a shadow began to 6 gradually. My classmates and I treated each other as 7 : Younger students 8 my experience and knowledge when it came to group work. I made new friends and joined committees.
I also decided to move out of home. Living in student halls was a(n) 9 . The life in halls added to my sense of 10 and confidence. I was 11 new things every day. Even making myself a meal or managing my small living space made me feel 12 .
Soon after completing my master’s degree, I made my way back through the university gate — this time to 13 . I am now a lecturer on the same course that I took. I 14 the person I was before and smile — she didn’t yet know her 15 .
1．A．guilty B．humble C．ashamed D．stuck
2．A．communication B．education C．management D．training
3．A．competence B．self-discipline C．confidence D．self-doubt
4．A．quit B．completed C．lost D．switched
5．A．uncertain B．permanent C．exciting D．opposite
6．A．occur B．approach C．disappear D．gather
7．A．equals B．opponents C．strangers D．elders
8．A．valued B．questioned C．ignored D．strengthened
9．A．embarrassment B．failure C．challenge D．experience
10．A．freedom B．safety C．independence D．justice
11．A．copying B．learning C．missing D．ordering
12．A．tough B．rewarding C．impossible D．meaningless
13．A．visit B．interview C．lead D．teach
14．A．look back on B．keep away from C．catch up with D．hold on to
15．A．job B．duty C．worth D．career
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)抢分秘籍 05完形填空
(词汇复现+瞻前顾后+逻辑推理+生活常识)
目录
【高考预测】（完形填空）词汇复现+瞻前顾后+逻辑推理+生活常识.............................................................01
【思维导图】完形填空考点考向思维导图............................................................................................................02
【应试秘籍】完形填空常考点及应对的策略........................................................................................................02
【误区点拨】完形填空点拨常见的易错点............................................................................................................02
【抢分通关】完形填空押题新高考方向，讲解通关策略（含新考法）............................................................13
【模拟新题练】........................................................................................................................................................13
【押题演练】.............................................................................................................................................................21
概率预测 ☆☆☆☆☆
题型预测 完形填空——词汇复现+瞻前顾后+逻辑推理+生活常识
考向预测 完形填空 ☆☆☆☆☆
【思维导图】
一、词汇复现
利用语义复现解题
语义复现是指同一语篇内词汇相同(原词)或者词汇在词义上存在同义、近义、同源、上义或下义关系的现象。考生可以利用这些词汇特点并结合具体语境来解题。
易错点1：无法识别同义词造成错误
1．(2025年1月浙江卷节选)
　　Manuela Ribeiro has a healthy addiction. It’s cooking. A few months ago, the 30-year-old teacher decided it was time to put her ___42___ to good use. She signed up on the website Bookalokal, and now welcomes strangers into her Brussels flat twice a week for dinner parties.
42. A. hobby B. energy C. education D. money
【答案】A　
【解析】曼努埃拉·里贝罗有一个健康的嗜好。这是烹饪。文中提到Manuola利用平台来分享她的烹饪兴趣，结合上下文，这里应该是hobby。hobby 爱好；energy 精力；education 教育；money 金钱。【同义复现】addiction n. 嗜好--hobby n. 业余爱好
这里需要辨别出addiction n. 嗜好和hobby n. 业余爱好是同义词，英语复习时，要把常用替代的同义词系统复习一下。
2.（2024年1月浙江完形填空节选）
Without batting an eye, he would quote a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American 9 as a whole. ”And what do you all learn about Russian authors ” I recall him asking at one point.
9．A．writers B．historians C．workers D．students
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他会眼都不眨地引用翻译过的爱默生的一段话，然后再询问美国作家对文学的整体影响。A. writers作者；B. historians历史学家；C. workers工人；D. students学生。根据上文“a translated Emerson passage before asking about the literary influence of American”以及后文“And what do you all learn about Russian authors (你们对俄罗斯作家有什么了解？)”可知，年轻人对美国和俄罗斯的作家感兴趣。故选A。【同义词复现】writer 作家----author 作家
易错点2：忽视反义词复现造成错误
(2023·全国乙卷)The Chinese coach transformed Douglas into one of the best gymnasts in the world, helping her skyrocket from an 54 member of the national team to the top of the sport.
54．A.amateur B．elected
C．average D．enthusiastic
【答案】C
【解析】利用反义词复现解题。根据本句中的“skyrocket from... to the top of the sport”可知，道格拉斯的水平实现了由低到高的飞跃，空处应选top的反义词，即水平一般、较低的。
易错点3：忽视句子结构造成错误
　(2023·全国乙卷)“I'm going to inspire so many people，” she said. “I'm ready to 60 .” And shine she did.
60．A.shine B．fly
C．dance D．score
【答案】A
【解析】利用语义复现解题。空处后一句出现了关键词shine，对比四个选项，根据原词复现可以快速定位答案。
这里文章的And shine she did.倒装句，正常语序是 "And she did shine."（强调确实如此），其中 "did" 是助动词，"shine" 是主动词的原形。因此，根据句意shine就是重复强调上文的原词。
利用词汇复现解题
词汇复现包括原词复现、同义词复现、同根词复现、概括词复现以及结构复现等。完形填空所选的文章都是具有逻辑关系、意义相连的语篇，因此，在行文中不可避免地会出现词语的复现、前后同义或反义、相互照应等现象。所以，解题时应联系上下文寻找相关线索，如某一个词的原词、指代词、同义词、近义词、上义词、下义词和概括词等。但由于我们在做题时不可能总是重复地阅读文章，因此，在做完形填空时要培养一种捕捉并记忆相关信息的能力。
（1）原词或同根词复现
原词或同根词复现是指相同的单词或同根词在原文中反复出现，达到衔接文章的目的。
（2）同义词或近义词复现
同义词或近义词复现是指意义相同或相近的单词在原文中反复出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。在做完形填空试题时，就可以利用这种衔接方式找到要填入单词的同义词或者近义词，从而也就找到了试题的答案。这也包括了同源词复现，即相同词根构成的不同词性的单词在文章中反复出现。
（3）)反义词复现
反义词复现是指和前文中词义相反的单词在原文中出现，以达到衔接文章的目的。我们可以利用这一衔接手段在文章中寻找要填入单词的反义词。
（4）结构复现
有时空格处的信息并不局限于与前一句中某个信息点的重复，可能是与前几句中的某个信息点的重复，也不局限于同词复现或同义复现，甚至连句式结构都非常类似。
二、利用逻辑关系解题
所谓的逻辑关系是指文章在语法或语意上存在的并列、顺承、转折、因果、目的等关系。考生只有在透彻理解文意的基础上，才能对句内或句组的上下文逻辑关系做出正确的判断，从而选出正确答案。因此，考生须掌握常见的逻辑关系标志词(如：and, but, however, then, so, because, instead of, so as to等)，通过标志词透彻理解上下文的文意。
易错点： 忽视逻辑关系造成错误
1.（2025年1月浙江卷完形填空节选）“But it’s also a great ___53___, for it can sometimes take days to organise a single event,” Ribeiro said.
53. A. lesson B. pleasure C. success D. challenge
【答案】D
【解析】考查名词词义辨析。但是这也是一个巨大的挑战，因为组织一场活动有时需要几天的时间。”lesson 教训；pleasure 快乐；success 成功；challenge 挑战。此处for是并列连词，表示原因，因为需要几天的时间准备，所以是有困难的，是一种挑战。故选D。
文中的并列连词for表原因，对解题起到了关键解释作用，为正确选择提供了线索。
2.（2024年1月浙江卷完形填空节选）It would have been easy to 11 my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 12 , and admirable person prevented me doing so.
11．A．look into B．rely on C．go over D．deal with
12．A．well-behaved B．multi-skilled C．warm-hearted D．self-educated
【答案】BD
【解析】11．考查动词短语辨析。句意：对于这位从未离开过家乡几百英里的公路建设者，我很容易凭空想象。A. look into调查；B. rely on依靠；C. go over复习；D. deal with处理。根据后文“my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home”可知，年轻人从来没有离开过离家几百英里的地方，因此作者很容易依靠自己的假设对他进行判断。故选B。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这位见多识广、自学成才、令人钦佩的人阻止了我这么做。A. well-behaved行为端正的；B. multi-skilled多技能的；C. warm-hearted热心的；D. self-educated自学的。呼应上文“this man spent hours studying every day after hard physical labor.(这个人每天在繁重的体力劳动之后花几个小时学习)”，指这个年轻人的自学能力。故选D。
But但是……，转折关系再加上highly informed, 12 , and admirable对person的同义词修饰。理清作者的思路，进而做出正确选择。
3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空节选）Although the two young women were strangers before the 　54　, they’ve since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 　55　 of human kindness won the day.
(　)54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
(　)55.A.secret B.display C.benefit D.exchange
【答案】CB
【解析】54.C　根据第一段“…hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race…”及空前的“…the two young women were strangers before the…”可知,句子表示“尽管这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。ride短途旅程; test测试; meet体育比赛; show节目。
Although尽管……，尽管这两个年轻妇女以前是陌生人，但它们匆匆成为朋友。利用让步关系理清作者的思路，进而做出正确选择。
利用行文逻辑解题
完形填空首先考查的就是考生对文章的理解能力。因此考生在做完形填空时，应把它看作一个意思连贯、结构完整的语篇，而不是单项填空。做题时要善于利用段首句或首段最大限度地获取信息。完形填空的首句或前几句话一般都是完整的，为考生提供足够的信息去挖掘文章的思路，而且，这里往往包含主题句，为理解文章大意和主要内容提供必要的线索。此外，完形填空是具有完整内容且按照一定思路发展的文章，各段及各句之间都有逻辑上的必然联系，因此还要注意把握文章发展的基本线索，搞清段与段、句与句之间的逻辑关系。答题时，考生首先要树立起语篇概念，抓住文章主题思想，理清其结构布局， 明辨句子之间以及段落之间的关系，利用句与句、句群与句群之间的逻辑关系解题。句子之间的逻辑关系主要包括：并列关系(连接词有and，while等)；转折关系(连接词有but，however，whereas，nevertheless等)；因果关系(连接词有so，therefore，thus，because, for，since，as等)；让步关系(连接词或短语有though，although，despite, in spite of等)；条件关系(连接词或短语有if，unless, once，provided that，in case of等)；解释关系(连接词或短语有i.e.，that is to say, in other words等)；顺序关系(连接词有before，after，and，first，second，then，next, finally等)。
完形填空的句子内部、句与句之间以及段落之间往往都存在一定的逻辑关系，有些题目就是考查这些逻辑关系，因此可以借助并列连词和从属连词等表示逻辑关系的标志词，理清上下文逻辑关系，快速解题。
三、利用习语搭配解题
完形填空题对固定搭配的考查主要是动词、形容词和介词、副词的搭配。考生须在平时多积累这些搭配的意义与用法，才能快速准确地解答这类题目。
易错点1：专注于同义词辨析造成错误
1.（2024·全国Ⅱ卷）
Neighbors will bring me freshly made cheese and will come to my door to ___27___ me to close the window in my car when rain is coming. It's these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home.
27. A. remind B. allow C. persuade D. order
【答案】A
【解析】考查动词词义辨析，句意：邻居们会给我带来新鲜的奶酪，还会在下雨的时候来我家门前提醒我关上车窗。A. remind提醒；B. allow允许；C. persuade说服；D. order命令。根据下午“It's these small acts of kindness that make a new country feel like home”可推知，此处指热心的邻居在下雨的时候来作者家门前提醒他关上车窗。故选A。
这里不是考查同义词辨析，而是通过语境和固定搭配来判断答案。此处重点考查词语搭配remind sb to do sth意为：提醒某人做什么。再加上后面的语境：正是这些小小的善举让一个新的国家感觉像是家。
2.（2024年1月浙江高考卷）
Over several hours, he would tell me about how he had 45 a two-year professional school to quickly find a job 46 highways in order to help support his family.
45．A．visited B．financed C．attended D．founded
46．A．building B．sweeping C．checking D．guarding
【答案】CA
【解析】45．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. visited拜访；B. financed提供资金；C. attended参加，上(学)；D. founded成立。根据后文“a two-year professional school”可知，指这个年轻人去上了一个为期两年的专业学校。故选C。
46．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在几个小时里，他会告诉我他是如何参加了一个为期两年的专业学校，以便迅速找到一份工作，修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。A. building修建；B. sweeping打扫；C. checking检查；D. guarding守卫。根据后文“highways in order to help support his family”可知，年轻人修建高速公路，以帮助支持他的家庭。故选A。
这里不是考查同义词辨析，而是通过固定搭配来判断答案。此处重点考查词语搭配attend school意为“上学”；build highways意为：建高速公路。
易错点2：习惯搭配或短语记得不熟造成错误
1.（2023·全国甲卷·节选）Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we stayed there, we heard the chug chug-chug of a motorbike ___42___ its way down the hill toward us.
(　)42.A.making B.searching C.squeezing D.feeling
【答案】A
【解析】“我们”听到一辆摩托车从山上向“我们”驶来。此处是短语make one’s way意为“去,前往,到……地方去”。故选A。
此处重点考查词语搭配make one’s way意为“去,前往,到……地方去”。
2.(2022·浙江1月卷)Ms. Burdeyney talked to some friends who had 39.similar problems and discovered that they were largely suffering in 40 . “Nobody chooses to talk about it because it seems so 41.insignificant，” she said. “But more and more are suffering and lives are being 42.compromised.”
40．A.turn B．peace
C．vain D．silence
【答案】D
【解析】本题属于句组层次题。根据下文的Nobody chooses to talk about it可知，她发现他们很大程度上都默默地忍受着折磨。in silence是固定短语，意为“默默地”。
利用习语搭配解题
英语语言中的很多词汇均以短语搭配的形式出现，完形填空中的词汇也不例外。很多时候，在分析语境、理清空白处含义的基础上，利用对词汇前后搭配的分析可以快速、准确地推断完形填空的未知信息。所谓前后搭配主要是指动词(名词、形容词等)与介词的搭配、动词与其宾语的搭配、句式结构和各种习惯搭配。在解答完形填空题时，充分考虑这些搭配关系，有助于我们做出正确选择。
值得注意的是：英语完形填空中的词义辨析，大多是利用短语和语境解题，与词义辨析没什么关系。
四、利用情感态度解题
在做完形填空题时，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
易错点：忽视语篇故事中的情感线造成错误
1.(2023·全国甲卷)It was a very nice 45.gesture for him to make. But when we looked at the tomatoes，we were 46.worried because they were so misshapen: not at all like the nice, round, 47.shiny things you get in a supermarket. And the wine was cloudy, in a funny old bottle with no label(标签) on it. These can't be any 48.good, we thought. But we were 49 his kindness, so we 50.tried them.
49．A.sympathetic to B．thankful for
C．cautious about D．interested in
【答案】B
【解析】利用作者的态度或感彩关联解题。根据上文“It was a very nice gesture for him to make.”可知，作者认为邻居的行为是表达善意。因此，尽管礼物的外观看起来不怎么好，作者对马里奥的善良还是很感激的。
2. （2022·全国高考甲卷·节选）
You can tell a lot about a man by how he treats his dogs.
For many years, I enjoyed living with my dogs, Tilly and Chance. Their 41 was nearly enough to keep my loneliness at bay.
41．A．ownership　　　　　　　 B．membership
C．companionship D．leadership
【答案】C
【解析】根据第二段中的enjoyed living with my dogs可知，作者这些年来一直很喜欢和她的两只宠物狗生活在一起，两只狗的“陪伴”能让作者远离孤单。故选C。
在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是解题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助考生快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
考生在解答该类问题时，要善于把握与作者的写作态度、感悟色彩相关的词汇，特别是某些形容词、副词。这类题型主观性较强，心理描写较多。
利用情感态度解题
在完形填空中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。
每篇完形填空所表达的内容都有一定的褒贬性，这种褒贬性反映了作者的特定心理、情绪状态和写作意图，因此利用文章内容的情感态度的相关词汇就能对文章进行准确的逻辑判断，从而在理解文意并准确传递文意的基础上推断出答案。
情感态度：①关注故事的转折点和相关人物的情绪变化；②判断作者与文中其他人物的情感态度；③积累表达“爱憎好恶”的词汇和固定短语。
五、利用上下文语境解题
上下文语境具体体现为全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次题中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境暗示，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。
易错点：忽视上下文语境造成错误
1.(2024年1月·浙江卷·节选)
A young Chinese man 2 me on the train. My new friend spoke virtually no English, so I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese.
2．A．treated B．saved C．lectured D．approached
【答案】D
【解析】句意：一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。A. treated对待；B. saved拯救；C. lectured演讲；D. approached靠近。根据后文“me on the train”以及后文两人交谈，可知一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向作者走来。故选D。
根据下文语境解题I happily took the chance to practice my Chinese我很高兴地抓住这个机会去练习了我的中文。可知，只有两个人离得近了才能进行对话。所以一位年轻的中国男子在火车上向我走来。选approached。
4.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·完形填空节选）
On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have finished the course earlier than she did. Her ____22____ came because she was carrying a competitior across the finish line.
22. A. delay B. chance C. trouble D. excuse
【答案】A
【解析】本题可以利用语境分析法解题。考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A. delay延误；B. chance机会；C. trouble麻烦；D. excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have ____ the course earlier than she did”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。故选A。
根据上下文语境解题是最常用的方法。考生在做题时要有全局观念，进行连贯性思维，做题时要把每个空白处的含义与前后句的意思联系起来理解，进行合乎逻辑的推理判断。难选之处前后通常多有暗示，这种暗示多为后面暗示前面。
利用上下文语境解题
完形填空题主要考查学生对语境的理解能力，所以空处的前后多有暗示(下文暗示上文的居多)。学生在做题时，一定要从整体上把握文章的内容，弄清文章的结构和文章的内在逻辑关系。
六、利用文化或生活常识解题
一些完形填空题经常会涉及文化或生活常识方面的知识，这些文化或生活常识主要靠考生平时的阅读积累，从某种程度上来说，此类问题主要考查考生的学习视野和知识面。
易错点：缺乏生活常识造成错误
1.（2025年1月·浙江卷·节选）Ribeiro ___44___ ?35 per person for what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours.
44. A. pays B. charges C. owes D. raises
【答案】B
【解析】考查语境理解及词的语法。句意：里贝罗每人收费35美元，通常是三道菜，可持续3个小时。根据后面的内容：what is usually a three-course meal that can last up to three hours. 通常是顿三道菜的饭，可以持续三个小时。
根据生活常识：享受了三道菜的一顿饭，再加上3个小时的服务，理应收取费用，故用charges。
2.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选）Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with aid. She couldn’t. Bailey then 　47　 to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get medical attention.
(　)47.A.went away B.stood up C.stepped aside D.bent down
【答案】D　
【解析】根据下文“…let Lenoue climb onto her back…”可知,Bailey弯下腰,让Lenoue爬到她的背上。故选D。go away离开; stand up站起来; step aside让位; bend down弯腰。
根据常识自然是弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。
3.（2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·节选）Although the two young women were strangers before the 　54　, they’ve since become friends.
(　)54.A.ride B.test C.meet D.show
【答案】C　
【解析】根据第一段“…hundreds of runners competed in a cross-country race…”及空前的“…the two young women were strangers before the…”可知,句子表示“尽管这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。故选C。ride短途旅程; test测试; meet体育比赛; show节目。
根据常识，两人没见面之前自然是陌生人。
利用生活常识解题
跨文化思考意识是中学英语《新课程标准》中要求的基本准则之一。因此考生在备考过程中，应该有意识地利用有关资料，了解一些有关中西方文化差异的知识来完善自己的知识系统。完形填空题中有时就渗透着相关的，如科学、历史、文化、风俗民情等方面的知识。如果考生掌握了丰富的文化背景知识和生活常识，就具备了一定的判断能力，可以大大简化复杂的分析过程和判断过程。这就要求考生平时既要多体验生活，又要扩大阅读面，增强自己这方面的知识储备，避免常识性错误。同时，还要注意中西方文化的差异，避免出现汉语式表达或理解。
完形填空题所选的文章多是具有一定故事情节和教育意义的记叙文，这些语篇都非常贴近学生的生活，涉及日常生活常识的试题就在所难免。所以考生在解题时，可以根据这些常识做出正确选择。
完形填空的语篇信息常交织渗透着各类相关的文化背景知识：有些选项的设置与文化背景有关，这就要求考生有较宽的知识面，同时具备一定的文化意识，特别要有对英语国家文化的敏感性和鉴别力，只有这样才能既快又准确地解题。
【总结方法】
生活是一本书，世事洞明皆学问。完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着三者如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。能够根据生活常识答题，也是完形填空要考查的一个方面。学生在把握全文意思的基础上，有时还需要根据生活常识和一般情理进行选择。
高考模拟新题练
时间：45分钟 满分：45分 得分：__________
1.（2025届安徽省安庆市高三期二模）
My grandmother, Mary, was a gardening artist. She 1 herself with the garden and each element there vividly showed her 2 for plants.
However, a fruit tree refused to bear fruit. Mary studied all in an attempt to change the 3 . She spoke to the tree, sang to the tree, 4 with this tree—but all in vain. Finally, she contacted a farm expert for help. After Mary’s 5 a long list of what she had done, the expert made a dramatic suggestion— 6 the base of the tree.
Concerned about being considered as a 7 , Grandma looked both ways before hitting the tree. She knew the shocks would find their way down to the root system and 8 the tree, but still doubted the result.
To her 9 , the next spring the tree bore many fruits. We enjoyed the products of the tree for years to come and often 10 together at how silly this elderly woman must have looked as she hit the defenseless tree. The story will always 11 a great source of joy for our family.
At one time in depression, I called Grandma for 12 . “The tree’s greatest strength and value 13 after hardship”, she reminded me 14 that my roots were being awoken by the challenges I faced and that I would be a more 15 “tree” because of them.
1．A．connected B．busied C．challenged D．provided
2．A．passion B．concern C．support D．respect
3．A．agreement B．decision C．environment D．situation
4．A．struggled B．parted C．reasoned D．argued
5．A．hearing B．comparing C．reciting D．discovering
6．A．beat B．protected C．dug D．watered
7．A．cheat B．loser C．fool D．thief
8．A．stimulate B．shake C．remove D．damage
9．A．satisfaction B．shame C．regret D．amazement
10．A．screamed B．laughed C．wondered D．jumped
11．A．come from B．rely on C．serve as D．lead to
12．A．sympathy B．advice C．company D．action
13．A．survived B．changed C．reduced D．came
14．A．gently B．frequently C．suddenly D．nervously
15．A．beautiful B．impressive C．influential D．fruitful
【答案】
1．B 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．C 6．A 7．C 8．A 9．D 10．B 11．C 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．D
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者的祖母玛丽热爱园艺，精心打理花园，却遇到一棵果树不结果的问题。在尝试多种方法无果后，听从专家建议击打树基，最终果树结果。多年后作者情绪低落时，祖母用这个经历鼓励作者，让作者明白经历困难能使人更有收获。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她忙于打理花园，花园里的每一个元素都生动地显示出她对植物的热爱。A. connected连接的；B. busied使忙于；C. challenged挑战；D. provided提供。根据上文“ My grandmother, Mary, was a gardening artist. ” 可知，此处表示祖母把时间和精力都花在花园上，“busy oneself with sth.” 是固定搭配，意为 “忙于某事”。故选B。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她忙于打理花园，花园里的每一个元素都生动地显示出她对植物的热爱。A. passion激情，热爱；B. concern关心；C. support支持；D. respect尊重。根据上文“was a gardening artist.” 可知，祖母是愿意艺术家，她对植物怀有深厚的热爱。故选A。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：玛丽研究了所有方法试图改变这种状况。A. agreement协议；B. decision决定；C. environment环境；D. situation情况，状况。根据上文“However, a fruit tree refused to bear fruit.” 可知，果树不结果是一种状况，玛丽想改变的就是这种不结果的状况。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和树说话，给树唱歌，和这棵树讲道理 —— 但一切都是徒劳。A. struggled挣扎；B. parted分开；C. reasoned讲道理；D. argued争论。根据上文 “ She spoke to the tree, sang to the tree” 可知，祖母为了让果树结果，做了很多努力，“reason with” 表示 “和…… 讲道理”，符合祖母尝试各种方法让树结果的行为。故选C。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在玛丽详述了她所做的一长串事情之后，专家提出了一个惊人的建议 —— 击打树的基部。A. hearing听到；B. comparing比较；C. reciting详述，背诵；D.discovering 发现。根据上文 “a long list of what she had done” 可知，玛丽要向专家求助，需要把自己做过的事情详细说出来。故选C。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在玛丽详述了她所做的一长串事情之后，专家提出了一个惊人的建议 —— 击打树的基部。A. beat击打；B. protected保护；C. dug挖掘；D. watered浇水。根据下文 “ before hitting the tree.” 可知，专家的建议是击打树基。故选A。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：担心被认为是一个傻瓜，祖母在击打树之前环顾了四周。A. cheat骗子；B. loser失败者；C. fool傻瓜；D. thief小偷。根据下文“Grandma looked both ways before hitting the tree.”以及下文“silly” 可知，祖母觉得击打树的行为可能很奇怪，怕被别人认为是个傻瓜才会环顾四周。故选C。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：她知道这种震动会传导到根系并刺激树，但仍然怀疑结果。A. stimulate刺激；B. shake摇晃；C. remove移除；D. damage损坏。根据上文“She knew the shocks would find their way down to the root system ” 可推，祖母认为击打树产生的震动传导到根系后会对树起到某种积极作用，结合常识和选项，“stimulate” 表示 “刺激”，符合让树结果的意图。故选A 。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：令她惊讶的是，第二年春天这棵树结了很多果实。A. satisfaction满意；B. shame羞愧；C. regret后悔；D. amazement惊讶。根据下文“the next spring the tree bore many fruits.” 可知，之前祖母对击打树的方法半信半疑，所以当看到树结果时感到很惊讶。故选D。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在接下来的几年里，我们享用着这棵树的果实，并且经常一起笑，想象着这位老人击打这棵毫无防备的树时看起来一定很傻。A. screamed尖叫；B. laughed 笑；C. wondered想知道；D. jumped跳跃。根据下文“how silly this elderly woman must have looked as she hit the defenseless tree.” 可知，大家觉得祖母击打树的行为很有趣很傻，所以会一起笑。故选B。
11．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这个故事将永远成为我们家快乐的一个重要来源。A. come from来自；B. rely on依靠；C. serve as作为，充当；D. lead to导致。根据下文“ a great source of joy for our family.” 可知，这个故事对家庭来说有着带来快乐的作用，“serve as” 表示 “作为，充当”，符合语境，即这个故事充当着家庭快乐的来源。故选C。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一次我情绪低落，我打电话给祖母寻求建议。A. sympathy同情；B. advice建议；C. company陪伴；D. action行动。根据上文“At one time in depression, I called Grandma for 12.”以及后文祖母用树的故事鼓励作者可知，作者情绪低落时向祖母打电话是为了寻求建议。故选B。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“树的最大力量和价值在经历艰难后才显现出来，” 她温柔地提醒我，我所面临的挑战正在唤醒我的根基，因为这些挑战我将成为一棵更有收获的 “树”。A. survived幸存；B. changed改变；C. reduced减少；D. came到来，出现。根据上文“the next spring the tree bore many fruits.” 可知，祖母想表达树在经历艰难后才会展现出它的力量和价值，“came” 表示 “出现”，符合文意。故选D。
14．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“树的最大力量和价值在经历艰难后才显现出来，” 她温柔地提醒我，我所面临的挑战正在唤醒我的根基，因为这些挑战我将成为一棵更有收获的 “树”。A. gently温柔地；B. frequently频繁地；C. suddenly突然地；D. nervously紧张地。祖母是在鼓励作者，语气应该是温柔的。故选A。
15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“树的最大力量和价值在经历艰难后才显现出来，” 她温柔地提醒我，我所面临的挑战正在唤醒我的根基，因为这些挑战我将成为一棵更有收获的 “树”。A. beautiful美丽的；B. impressive令人印象深刻的；C. influential有影响力的；D. fruitful富有成效的，多产的。根据上文“the next spring the tree bore many fruits.”和“my roots were being awoken by the challenges I faced” 可知，祖母以树为例鼓励作者，经历困难后会像那棵结果的树一样，变得更有收获。故选 D。
2.（2025·广东省高三期3月综合测试）
It’s pouring all day in Mumbai today, making it a disaster to go outdoors. However, I had a(n) 1 task that required my immediate physical presence.
Under such circumstances, calling a taxi seemed nearly 2 . I stood for quite some time, but either the taxi was 3 or the drivers were declining customers due to the stormy weather.
Then, a lucky turn of events occurred: a driver who had initially 4 me, after moving ahead, came back and offered me a(n) 5 . I was overjoyed! I told him my destination hesitantly as that area was already 6 . I apologized to him and thanked him as I got in. He turned around and said, “Madamji, don’t you 7 me I’m Radheshyam. I used to be the security guard at your building. Now, I’ve 8 this job.” I was 9 , realizing that he was indeed familiar from my residence. We 10 a light conversation on the way to my destination.
Upon arrival, I thanked him again for transporting me despite the tough 11 . He responded, “I would take you anywhere you need to go. You were the only one who wished us good morning every day and spoke to us 12 .”
This encounter is a(n) 13 that regardless of our professions or social status, every individual 14 to be treated with respect. Simple phrases like “Thank you,” “Please,” and “Good morning” cost nothing but can significantly 15 someone’s day.
1．A．urgent B．risky C．repetitive D．easy
2．A．unnecessary B．effortless C．impossible D．manageable
3．A．occupied B．delayed C．damaged D．abandoned
4．A．contacted B．refused C．followed D．found
5．A．ticket B．ride C．choice D．explanation
6．A．developed B．leveled C．restored D．flooded
7．A．hear B．trust C．understand D．recognize
8．A．finished B．created C．landed D．desired
9．A．surprised B．embarrassed C．confused D．overjoyed
10．A．reflected on B．struck up C．longed for D．put off
11．A．competition B．training C．decisions D．conditions
12．A．honestly B．casually C．confidently D．respectfully
13．A．reminder B．blessing C．discovery D．decision
14．A．agrees B．deserves C．chooses D．learns
15．A．start B．fill C．brighten D．record
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．B 11．D 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在暴雨天得到曾受其尊重的前保安帮助的经历，揭示了尊重他人的重要性。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，我有一个紧急任务需要我立即亲自到场。A. urgent紧急的；B. risky冒险的；C. repetitive重复的；D. easy容易的。根据下文“required my immediate physical presence”可知，需要作者立即亲自到场的任务是紧急的。故选A项。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在这样的情况下，叫出租车似乎几乎是不可能的。A. unnecessary不必要的；B. effortless不费力的；C. impossible不可能的；D. manageable可管理的。根据下文“I stood for quite some time, but either the taxi was...”可知，作者在雨中等了很久也没有打到车，因此在这样的天气下叫出租车几乎是不可能的。故选C项。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我站了相当长一段时间，但要么出租车被占用了，要么司机因为暴风雨天气拒绝了顾客。A. occupied被占用的；B. delayed延迟的；C. damaged损坏的；D. abandoned被遗弃的。根据下文“or the drivers were declining customers”可知，下文说的是出租车拒载乘客，可推理出此处描述的是打出租车难的现象，分析选项，A项“occupied被占用的”表示的含义符合语境，表示出租车被占用，无法打到出租车。故选A项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，一个幸运的转折发生了：一位最初拒绝我的司机，在向前行驶后，回来并提供给我一个乘车机会。A. contacted联系；B. refused拒绝；C. followed跟随；D. found找到。根据下文“came back and offered me”可知，司机返回，可推理出这位司机最初拒绝了作者。故选B项。
5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：同第4题。A. ticket票；B. ride乘车；C. choice选择；D. explanation解释。根据下文“I told him my destination hesitantly”可知，作者把目的地告诉了司机，可推理出司机回来提供给作者的是乘车机会。故选B项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我犹豫地告诉他我的目的地，因为那个地区已经被淹了。A. developed发展；B. leveled夷为平地；C. restored恢复；D. flooded淹没。根据上文“It’s pouring all day in Mumbai today”可知，一整天都在下雨，可推理出由于暴雨，那个地区已经被淹了。故选D项。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他转过身来说：“Madamji，你不认识我吗？我是Radheshyam。我以前是你楼栋的保安。A. hear听到；B. trust信任；C. understand理解；D. recognize认出。根据下文“I’m Radheshyam. I used to be the security guard at your building”可知，司机向作者说自己是作者以前楼栋的保安，可推理出司机问作者是否认出了他。故选D项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我已经找到了这份工作。A. finished完成；B. created创造；C. landed获得；D. desired渴望。根据下文“this job”可知，下文说的是出租车司机工作，可推理出此处说的是司机获得了这份工作。故选C项。
9．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很惊讶，意识到他确实是我住处熟悉的人。A. surprised惊讶的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. confused困惑的；D. overjoyed极度高兴的。根据下文“realizing that he was indeed familiar from my residence”可知，作者意识到司机确实是自己住处熟悉的人，对此感到惊讶。故选A项。
10．考查动词短语辨析。句意：在去目的地的路上，我们开始了轻松的交谈。A. reflected on反思；B. struck up开始（谈话、友谊等）；C. longed for渴望；D. put off推迟。根据下文“a light conversation on the way to my destination”可知，作者和司机在去目的地的路上开始了轻松的交谈。故选B项。
11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：到达后，我再次感谢他在如此恶劣的条件下送我。A. competition竞争；B. training训练；C. decisions决定；D. conditions条件。根据上文“It’s pouring all day in Mumbai today”可知，作者感谢司机在恶劣的天气条件下送她。故选D项。
12．考查副词词义辨析。句意：你是我们唯一一个每天早上向我们问好的人，并且尊重地与我们交谈。A. honestly诚实地；B. casually随意地；C. confidently自信地；D. respectfully尊重地。根据上文“wished us good morning every day”可知，上文说的是作者是每天早上都向司机问好的人，可推理出此处说的是作者尊重当时的楼栋保安。故选D项。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这次相遇是一个提醒，无论我们的职业或社会地位如何，每个人都应受到尊重。A. reminder提醒；B. blessing祝福；C. discovery发现；D. decision决定。根据下文“regardless of our professions or social status, every individual”以及“be treated with respect”可知，这次相遇让作者意识到无论职业或社会地位如何，每个人都应受到尊重。故选A项。
14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：同第13题。A. agrees同意；B. deserves应得；C. chooses选择；D. learns学习。根据下文“be treated with respect”可知，下文说的是得到尊重，可推理出此处说的是每个人都值得被尊重。故选B项。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：像“谢谢”、“请”和“早上好”这样的简单短语虽然不费什么，但可以显著地照亮某人的一天。A. start开始；B. fill填满；C. brighten照亮；D. record记录。根据上文“I’m Radheshyam. I used to be the security guard at your building”以及“Simple phrases like “Thank you,” “Please,” and “Good morning” cost nothing but can significantly”可知，此处说的是像“谢谢”、“请”和“早上好”这样的简单短语虽然不费什么，但可以显著地照亮某人的一天，故选C项。
3.（2025·河南省名校学术联盟高三下学期模拟冲刺英语试题（三））
I started writing poetry just after hitting my teens. Then I quickly fell in love with the artistry, wordplay, and rhythmic challenge of 1 poems.
A few years later, it 2 to me that I should be reading poetry, so I looked at a few books of poetry but 3 nothing that spoke to me. For years afterward, I 4 to write poetry but did not read the works of established poets. 5 , I eventually went to college, where I was forced to read poetry and finally found 6 and poets that resonated (共鸣) with me.
It’s not unusual to 7 young poets who don’t read poetry. Some say they don’t want their work to be 8 by other poets, but many have faced the same 9 I did: they haven’t been able to find poetry that they like.
As a young poet, most of the works I encountered were 10 to me. I didn’t care about the topics, and the language felt 11 . A lot of it was form poetry, and I have since discovered that I 12 free-form. It was like digging down a massive mountain to 13 a few small, sparkly gems (宝石). Frankly, it took too much 14 to find one poet or poem that interested me.
But that was back before the Internet. Nowadays, it’s much easier to 15 the available works of poetry to find the good stuff.
1．A．crafting B．appreciating C．observing D．reciting
2．A．applied B．happened C．occurred D．referred
3．A．created B．wrote C．learned D．found
4．A．refused B．continued C．afforded D．pretended
5．A．Fortunately B．Basically C．Naturally D．Reasonably
6．A．resources B．partners C．means D．works
7．A．admire B．encounter C．criticize D．persuade
8．A．imitated B．envied C．influenced D．possessed
9．A．opportunity B．defeat C．process D．difficulty
10．A．irrelevant B．unfamiliar C．complicated D．adoptable
11．A．vivid B．outdated C．accurate D．brief
12．A．copy B．hide C．prefer D．doubt
13．A．polish B．strike C．design D．unearth
14．A．courage B．effort C．consumption D．expectation
15．A．stare at B．turn down C．scan through D．account for
【答案】
1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．D 10．A 11．B 12．C 13．D 14．B 15．C
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者从青少年时期开始写诗的经历，以及后来对诗歌阅读态度的转变。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我很快就爱上了制作诗歌的艺术性，文字游戏和节奏挑战。A. crafting制作；B. appreciating欣赏；C. observing观察；D. reciting背诵。由上文“I started writing poetry just after hitting my teens.”可知，作者写诗，即精心制作诗歌，故选A。
2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：几年后，我突然想到我应该读些诗，于是翻了几本诗集，但发现没有能引起共鸣的作品。A. applied应用；B. happened发生；C. occurred想到；D. referred提及。“It occurred to me”是固定搭配，表示"我突然想到”。后文提到“I should be reading poetry”，这是作者突然想到的，故选C。
3．考查词动词义辨析。句意：几年后，我突然想到我应该读些诗，于是翻了几本诗集，但发现没有能引起共鸣的作品。选项翻译：A. created创造；B. wrote写作；C. learned学习；D. found发现。由下文“nothing that spoke to me”可知，作者发现没有能引起作者共鸣的作品。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：之后的许多年里，我继续写诗却不读成名诗人的作品。A. refused拒绝；B. continued继续；C. afforded负担；D. pretended假装。由下文“but did not read the works of established poets”表明写作行为持续。故选B。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，后来我上了大学，被迫读诗时终于找到了与我产生共鸣的作品和诗人。A. Fortunately幸运地；B. Basically基本地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Reasonably合理地。由下文“I eventually went to college, where I was forced to read poetry and finally found ___6___ and poets that resonated (共鸣) with me.”可知，作者找到了与其产生共鸣的作品和诗人，这是幸运的事。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，后来我上了大学，被迫读诗时终于找到了与我产生共鸣的作品和诗人。A. resources资源；B. partners伙伴；C. means方式；D. works作品。由下文“poets”可知，作者找到了与自己共鸣的诗人和作品，与并列的应是“poems”的同义词，works特指文学作品。故选D。
7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：遇到不读诗的年轻诗人并不罕见。A. admire钦佩；B. encounter遇到；C. criticize批评；D. persuade说服。由下文“Some say they don’t want their work”举例说明遇到这类诗人很普遍，故选B。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人说不想让自己的作品被其他诗人影响，但更多人面临着和我相同的困境：他们找不到喜欢的诗。A. imitated模仿；B. envied嫉妒；C. influenced影响；D. possessed拥有。由上文“Some say they don’t want their work to be”以及上文提到的年轻诗人不读诗是很普遍的可知，很多人不读诗是不想让自己的作品被其他诗人影响。故选C。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人说不想让自己的作品被其他诗人影响，但更多人面临着和我相同的困境：他们找不到喜欢的诗。A. opportunity机会；B. defeat失败；C. process过程；D. difficulty困难。由下文“they haven’t been able to find poetry that they like.”以及上文提到作者刚开始找不到与自己共鸣的诗歌和诗人可知，很多人面临着找不到喜欢的诗这一困难。故选D。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：作为一个年轻诗人，我遇到的大多数作品对我来说都是无关紧要的。A. irrelevant无关的；B. unfamiliar不熟悉的；C. complicated复杂的；D. adoptable可采用的。根据后文“I didn’t care about the topics(我不关心这些主题)”可知，作者认为这些作品与自己的兴趣无关。故选A。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不关心它们的主题，语言也显得过时。A. vivid生动的；B. outdated过时的；C. accurate精确的；D. brief简短的。与前文“I didn’t care about the topics”并列，此处描述语言风格过时，这符合批判语气。故选B。
12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：其中多是格律诗，而后来我发现自己更喜欢自由体。A. copy复制；B. hide隐藏；C. prefer偏爱；D. doubt怀疑。与前文“form poetry”对比，说明作者偏好变了，现在更爱自由诗体。故选C。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这就像挖穿一座大山才能发掘几颗闪亮的小宝石——费力至极。A. polish打磨；B. strike敲击；C. design设计；D. unearth发掘。由上文“digging down”对应“发掘”的动作，比喻寻找好诗的过程。故选D。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就像挖穿一座大山才能发掘几颗闪亮的小宝石——费力至极。A. courage勇气；B. effort努力；C. consumption消耗；D. expectation期望。由前文“digging down a mountain”可知，此处比喻需要挖掘宝石需要大量努力。故选B。
15．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：但那是互联网时代之前的事了。如今，快速浏览现有诗歌作品来寻找佳作容易得多。A. stare at盯着；B. turn down拒绝；C. scan through浏览；D. account for解释。由上文“Nowadays, it’s much easier”和下文“the available works of poetry to find the good stuff.”可知，如今，很容易就能在互联网上浏览诗歌作品，故选C。
押题演练
时间：45分钟 满分：45分 得分：__________
Passage1
A Canadian mom was shocked recently when she learned a message in a bottle she wrote and threw into a lake over 20 years ago was discovered.
Van said she received an 1 call from her daughter’s school secretary. “ 2 , when the school calls, parents are usually pretty 3 , but he said, ‘It’s good news. We found a letter that you wrote!’” It turned out that a boy had 4 a bottle near a shore with a letter inside that was written by 9-year-old Van. In the letter, young Van even 5 that whoever found the letter contact the school to let them know.
Pierre, Van’s former teacher, now 6 , said he remembered giving the message-in-a-bottle 7 to his students back in 1998. “They had to identify themselves and write down little things about what they learned,” Pierre 8 . “Then, we walked it over to the lake, and they all 9 their bottles into the water. And a few weeks later, we received one 10 , but then, that was it, until two weeks ago.”
Pierre 11 the entire story as unreal. “It was wild, and it 12 memories. The coincidences to this story — the fact that Scarlet, Van’s daughter, is in grade 4 at the same school that her mom was when she 13 it. As for the little boy who found the bottle, I taught his father as well,” Pierre said.
“It was extremely 14 to me,” Van said. “I can see the power of education now and how it lives on. So it’s definitely a beautiful 15 ,” she added.
1．A．unrealistic B．unfortunate C．unexpected D．unreliable
2．A．Eventually B．Typically C．Hopefully D．Consequently
3．A．delighted B．embarrassed C．surprised D．worried
4．A．found B．lost C．held D．bought
5．A．urged B．ordered C．requested D．advised
6．A．retired B．absorbed C．stressed D．refreshed
7．A．assignment B．instruction C．experiment D．presentation
8．A．complained B．explained C．promised D．approved
9．A．poured B．lowered C．kicked D．threw
10．A．excuse B．chance C．response D．suggestion
11．A．mistook B．named C．accepted D．described
12．A．brought back B．stored up C．took away D．made up
13．A．heard B．returned C．wrote D．received
14．A．comfortable B．memorable C．challenging D．confusing
15．A．deal B．moment C．lesson D．journey
【答案】
1．C 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．A 7．A 8．B 9．D 10．C 11．D 12．A 13．C 14．B 15．B
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位加拿大妈妈二十年前扔进湖里的漂流瓶被发现的故事。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Van说她接到了女儿学校秘书的一个意外电话。A. unrealistic不现实的；B. unfortunate不幸的；C. unexpected意外的；D. unreliable不可靠的。根据后文“when the school calls, parents are usually pretty 3 , but he said, ‘It’s good news. We found a letter that you wrote!’”可知，学校秘书打电话来说找到了她写的信，这是意外的事情。故选C。
2．考查副词词义辨析。句意：通常，当学校打电话时，家长们通常都很担心，但他说：“这是个好消息。我们找到了你写的一封信！”A. Eventually最终；B. Typically通常；C. Hopefully有希望地；D. Consequently因此。根据后文“when the school calls, parents are usually pretty 3 ,”可知，通常学校打电话，家长会很担心。故选B。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. delighted高兴的；B. embarrassed尴尬的；C. surprised惊讶的；D. worried担心的。根据后文“but he said, ‘It’s good news. We found a letter that you wrote!’”并结合常识可知，通常学校打电话，家长会很担心孩子的情况。故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：原来是一个男孩在岸边发现了一个瓶子，里面有一封9岁的Van写的信。A. found发现；B. lost失去；C. held握住；D. bought购买。根据后文“a bottle near a shore with a letter inside”可知，一个男孩在岸边发现了一个瓶子。故选A。
5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在信中，年轻的Van甚至要求无论谁发现了这封信都要联系学校让他们知道。A. urged催促；B. ordered命令；C. requested要求；D. advised建议。根据后文“whoever found the letter contact the school to let them know”可知，Van在信中要求发现信的人联系学校。故选C。
6．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Van以前的老师Pierre现在已经退休了，他说他记得1998年给学生们布置过装信的瓶子的任务。A. retired退休的；B. absorbed专注的；C. stressed紧张的；D. refreshed精神焕发的。根据前文“Van’s former teacher”可知，Pierre是Van以前的老师，现在已经退休了。故选A。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. assignment任务；B. instruction指示；C. experiment实验；D. presentation展示。根据后文“They had to identify themselves and write down little things about what they learned”可知，Pierre给学生们布置了装信的瓶子的任务。故选A。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pierre解释说：“他们必须表明自己的身份，并写下他们学到的一些小事。”A. complained抱怨；B. explained解释；C. promised承诺；D. approved批准。根据后文“They had to identify themselves and write down little things about what they learned”可知，Pierre在解释布置的任务内容。故选B。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后，我们走到湖边，他们都把瓶子扔进了水里。A. poured倾倒；B. lowered降低；C. kicked踢；D. threw扔。根据后文“their bottles into the water”可知，学生们把瓶子扔进了水里。故选D。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：几周后，我们收到了一个回复，但之后就没有了，直到两周前。A. excuse借口；B. chance机会；C. response回复；D. suggestion建议。根据前文“We found a letter that you wrote!”可知，此处指收到了一个关于漂流瓶的回复。故选C。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Pierre觉得整个故事很不真实。A. mistook误会；B. named命名；C. accepted接受；D. described描述。根据后文“the entire story as unreal”可知，Pierre觉得整个故事很不真实，describe…as…表示“把……描述成……”。故选D。
12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：这太疯狂了，它勾起了我的回忆。A. brought back勾起；B. stored up储存；C. took away带走；D. made up编造。根据后文“memories”可知，此处指勾起了Pierre的回忆。故选A。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这个故事太巧合了——Van的女儿Scarlet和她妈妈写这封信时在同一所学校的四年级。A. heard听见；B. returned返回；C. wrote写；D. received收到。根据前文“In the letter, young Van even 5 that whoever found the letter contact the school to let them know.”和“ the fact that Scarlet, Van’s daughter, is in grade 4 at the same school that her mom was”可知，此处指Van写这封信的时候。故选C。
14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Van说：“这对我来说非常难忘。”A. comfortable舒服的；B. memorable难忘的；C. challenging有挑战性的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据后文“I can see the power of education now and how it lives on.”可知，Van认为这件事很难忘，看到了教育的力量。故选B。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：她补充说：“所以这绝对是一个美好的时刻。”A. deal交易；B. moment时刻；C. lesson课程；D. journey旅程。根据前文“It was extremely 14 to me”可知，Van认为这是一个美好的时刻。故选B。
Passage2
I was sitting in a chemistry lab class during my first year of university, nervous about the experiment we were to perform. My hands started to 1 when I grabbed a pipette (吸液管). The experience was 2 . I was hoping to pursue a career in science, but I started to wonder whether that would be 3 .
I was born with brain damage. My family 4 to find good doctors for me. Shortly after my first birthday, I started walking, and it became clear that my intelligence function was 5 . So, in some sense, I was lucky. Still, both my hands shook, especially when I was nervous or embarrassed. I learned to write and do simple tasks, but it wasn’t easy to do anything 6 .
As a teenager, I joined a study group called “The Natural World”, which aroused my 7 about biology. At university, I enjoyed the lectures in my science classes. 8 , many lab tasks proved impossible.
At the end of my second year, I 9 the professor of the lab to see whether I could work with her. I was afraid to 10 I couldn’t do any lab tasks. To my relief, she was completely 11 . She set me to work performing behavioral experiments for others in the lab with the help of colleagues.
I’ve come to realize that my hands aren’t the 12 I thought they were. By making use of my abilities and working as part of a 13 , I’ve been able to follow my 14 . I may design experiments and interpret results, which 15 me most in the field of science.
1．A．hurt B．move C．wave D．shake
2．A．frightening B．disheartening C．surprising D．amazing
3．A．available B．acceptable C．suitable D．possible
4．A．failed B．wanted C．managed D．refused
5．A．limited B．unaffected C．improved D．tested
6．A．gradually B．completely C．carefully D．precisely
7．A．curiosity B．fear C．confusion D．regret
8．A．Therefore B．However C．Besides D．Meanwhile
9．A．questioned B．encountered C．approached D．inspired
10．A．admit B．find C．pretend D．deny
11．A．critical B．indifferent C．supportive D．resistant
12．A．tool B．gift C．barrier D．advantage
13．A．family B．team C．debate D．game
14．A．rules B．habits C．steps D．passions
15．A．excited B．challenged C．reminded D．confused
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．D 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．C 13．B 14．D 15．A
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇文章讲述了一位因脑损伤导致双手颤抖的大学生，在追求科学事业过程中克服身体障碍的心路历程。
1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我抓住吸液管时，我的手开始抖动。A. hurt受伤；B. move移动；C. wave挥动；D. shake摇动；抖动。由上文“I was sitting in a chemistry lab class during my first year of university, nervous about the experiment we were to perform. ”和下文“Still, both my hands shook, especially when I was nervous or embarrassed.”可知，作者从小脑损伤，紧张时会手抖，故选D。
2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次经历令人沮丧。A. frightening 可怕的；B. disheartening 令人沮丧的；C. surprising 惊讶的；D. amazing 惊人的。根据上文“I was sitting in a chemistry lab class during my first year of university, nervous about the experiment we were to perform. My hands started to”，作者因手抖开始怀疑科学职业的可行性，应选负面词，即作者感到沮丧，故选B。
3．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我希望从事科学职业，但是我开始怀疑这是否可行。A. available 可获得的；B. acceptable 可接受的；C. suitable 合适的；D. possible 可能的。前文“My hands started to_______ when I grabbed a pipette (吸液管)”提到实验操作时手抖，所以作者怀疑职业的可行性，此处强调客观可能性，故选D。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我的家人设法为我找到好医生。A. failed 失败；B. wanted 想要；C. managed 设法做到；D. refused 拒绝。后文“Shortly after my first birthday, I started walking”说明治疗有效，应选积极结果，即家人设法为作者找到好医生，manage to do表示“成功做到”，故选C。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一个生日后不久，我开始走路，很明显我的智力功能未受影响。A. limited 受限的；B. unaffected 未受影响的；C. improved 提升的；D. tested 被测试的。前文上文“I started walking”作者能走路可知，作者智力正常，未受到脑损伤的影响，故选B。
6．考查副词词义辨析。句意：我学会了写作和完成简单的任务，但是做任何需要精确度的事都不容易。A. gradually 逐渐地；B. completely 完全地；C. carefully 小心地；D. precisely 精确地。由上文“Still, both my hands shook, especially when I was nervous or embarrassed.”和第一段提到的作者作实验时手抖可知，作者做任何需要精确度的事都不容易，故选D。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：十几岁的时候，我加入了一个名为“自然世界”的研究小组，这激发了我对生物的好奇心。A. curiosity 好奇心；B. fear 恐惧；C. confusion 困惑；D. regret 后悔。由下文“At university, I enjoyed the lectures in my science classes”提到作者享受课堂可知，作者对生物充满好奇心，故选A。
8．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，许多实验室任务无法完成。A. Therefore 因此；B. However 然而；C. Besides 此外；D. Meanwhile 同时。前文“喜欢理论课”与后文“实验困难”形成转折，故选B。
9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在第二年结束时，我与实验室教授联系，看看我是否可以和她一起工作。A. questioned 质疑；B. encountered 偶遇；C. approached 接近，靠近；D. inspired 启发。根据后文“the professor of the lab to see whether I could work with her”可知，作者联系了实验室教授，是为了看看自己是否可以和她一起工作。故选C。
10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我害怕承认自己无法完成实验任务。A. admit 承认；B. find 发现；C. pretend 假装；D. deny 否认。由下文“I couldn’t do any lab tasks”可知，作者担心坦白后果，故选A。
11．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：使我安心的是，她完全支持我。A. critical 批评的；B. indifferent 冷漠的；C. supportive 支持的；D. resistant 抗拒的。后文“She set me to work performing behavioral experiments for others in the lab with the help of colleagues.”教授安排作者工作可知，教授完全支持作者，故选C。
12．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到的手并非我以为的障碍。A. tool 工具；B. gift 礼物；C. barrier 障碍；D. advantage 优势。前文提到作者一直将手抖视为困难，结合下文“I may design experiments and interpret results”可知，作者现在不再认为手抖是自己的障碍，故选C。
13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过利用我的能力并作为团队的一部分工作，我能够追随我的热情。A. family 家庭；B. team 团队；C. debate 辩论；D. game 游戏。由上文“She set me to work performing behavioral experiments for others in the lab with the help of colleagues.”可知，作者在同事的帮助下为实验室的其他人进行行为实验，由此可知，作者作为团队的一部分，故选B。
14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：通过利用我的能力并作为团队的一部分工作，我能够追随我的热情。A. rules 规则；B. habits 习惯；C. steps 步骤；D. passions 热情。全文围绕对科学的热爱，且结合上文“At university, I enjoyed the lectures in my science classes”可知，作者追随自己所喜欢的东西，故选D。
15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我可能会设计实验和解释结果，这些（设计实验等）最能激发我的科学热情。A. excited 使兴奋；B. challenged 挑战；C. reminded 提醒；D. confused 使困惑。由上文提到作者能够追随自己所喜欢的实验热情可知，作者设计实验和解释结果，这最能激发作者的科学热情。故选A。
Passage3
After ten years in the same company, I found my job was no longer fun. However, I didn’t have the confidence to apply for new jobs due to lack of experience. I felt 1 .
A friend suggested another path — 2 . I had toyed with the idea of studying for a master’s degree but 3 stood in my way. Yet I found a course at London College of
Communication, then I 4 my job and enrolled (注册).
During the 18 months that followed, I began to flourish (茁壮成长). Not only had I found the courage to take my life forward in a new and 5 direction but the self-doubt that had followed me around like a shadow began to 6 gradually. My classmates and I treated each other as 7 : Younger students 8 my experience and knowledge when it came to group work. I made new friends and joined committees.
I also decided to move out of home. Living in student halls was a(n) 9 . The life in halls added to my sense of 10 and confidence. I was 11 new things every day. Even making myself a meal or managing my small living space made me feel 12 .
Soon after completing my master’s degree, I made my way back through the university gate — this time to 13 . I am now a lecturer on the same course that I took. I 14 the person I was before and smile — she didn’t yet know her 15 .
1．A．guilty B．humble C．ashamed D．stuck
2．A．communication B．education C．management D．training
3．A．competence B．self-discipline C．confidence D．self-doubt
4．A．quit B．completed C．lost D．switched
5．A．uncertain B．permanent C．exciting D．opposite
6．A．occur B．approach C．disappear D．gather
7．A．equals B．opponents C．strangers D．elders
8．A．valued B．questioned C．ignored D．strengthened
9．A．embarrassment B．failure C．challenge D．experience
10．A．freedom B．safety C．independence D．justice
11．A．copying B．learning C．missing D．ordering
12．A．tough B．rewarding C．impossible D．meaningless
13．A．visit B．interview C．lead D．teach
14．A．look back on B．keep away from C．catch up with D．hold on to
15．A．job B．duty C．worth D．career
【答案】
1．D 2．B 3．D 4．A 5．C 6．C 7．A 8．A 9．D 10．C 11．B 12．B 13．D 14．A 15．C
【解析】这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者因为十年待在了同一个公司而感到工作无聊，在朋友的建议下重返了校园并进行学习，最终获得了不一样的收获的故事。现在的作者回望当时的自己，感慨万千。
1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我觉得被困住了。A. guilty内疚的；B. humble谦逊的；C. ashamed羞愧的； D. stuck被困住的，陷入困境的。根据前文“However, I didn't have the confidence to apply for new jobs due to lack of experience.”可知，作者因为缺乏经验没有信心申请新工作，所以感觉自己被困住了。故选D项。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：一位朋友建议我走另一条路——教育。A. communication交流；B. education教育；C. management管理；D. training训练。根据后文“I had toyed with the idea of studying for a master’s degree”可知，作者有攻读硕士学位的想法，所以朋友建议的另一条路是教育（深造）。故选B项。
3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我曾有过攻读硕士学位的念头，但自我怀疑阻碍了我的前进。A. competence能力；B. self-discipline自律；C. confidence自信；D. self-doubt自我怀疑。 根据后文“but the self-doubt that had followed me around like a shadow”可知，作者一直被自我怀疑困扰，所以这里是自我怀疑阻碍了作者攻读硕士学位的想法。故选D项。
4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我在伦敦传媒学院（London College of Communication）找到了一门课程，然后我辞去了工作，报名了。A. quit放弃；B. completed完成；C. lost失去；D. switched转换。根据空前的“found a course at London College of Communication”以及空后的“enrolled”可知，作者注册了硕士课程，那么应该是辞去了工作。故选A项。
5．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不仅找到了勇气，让我的生活朝着一个新的、令人兴奋的方向前进，而且一直像影子一样跟着我的自我怀疑也开始逐渐消失。A. uncertain不确定的；B. permanent永久的；C. exciting令人激动的；D. opposite相反的。根据上文“During the 18 months that followed, I began to flourish (茁壮成长) . Not only had I found the courage to take my life forward”可知，作者在这18个月里茁壮成长，找到了让生活前进的勇气，所以应该是朝着一个新的、令人兴奋的方向。故选C项。
6．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不仅找到了勇气，让我的生活朝着一个新的、令人兴奋的方向前进，而且一直像影子一样跟着我的自我怀疑也开始逐渐消失。A. occur发生；B. approach接近；C. disappear消失；D. gather聚集。据“Not only had I found the courage to take my life forward in a new and 　　5　　 direction”可知，作者找到了新的方向，有了勇气，那么像影子一样跟随作者的自我怀疑应该是逐渐消失了。故选C项。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：我和同学们平等相待：在小组作业中，年纪较小的学生很看重我的经验和知识。A. equals平等的人；B. opponents对手；C. strangers陌生人；D. elders长辈。根据后文“Younger students　　8　　 my experience and knowledge when it came to group work.”可知，在小组作业中，年轻的学生重视作者的经验和知识，所以作者和同学们应该是平等对待彼此的。故选A项。
8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和同学们平等相待：在小组作业中，年纪较小的学生很看重我的经验和知识。A. valued重视，珍视；B. questioned质疑；C. ignored忽视；D. strengthened加强。根据前文“My classmates and I treated each other as　　7　　”以及“when it came to group work”可知，在小组作业中，年轻的学生应该是重视作者的经验和知识。故选A项。
9．考查名词词义辨析。句意：住在学生宿舍是一种奇妙的经历。A. embarrassment尴尬；B. failure失败；C. challenge挑战；D. experience经历。根据后文“The life in halls added to my sense of 　　10　　 and confidence.”可知，宿舍生活增加了作者的某种感觉和信心，所以住在学生宿舍应该是一种经历。故选D项。
10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：宿舍生活增加了我的独立感和自信心。A. freedom自由；B. safety安全；C. independence独立；D. justice正义。根据前文“I also decided to move out of home.”以及 “Even making myself a meal or managing my small living space”可知，作者搬出去住，自己做饭、管理小的生活空间，这些都增加了作者的独立感。故选C项。
11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：我每天都在学习新东西。A. copying复制；B. learning学习；C. missing错失；D. ordering订购，命令。根据前文“During the 18 months that followed, I began to flourish (茁壮成长) .”以及作者在学习和生活上的经历可知，作者每天都在学习新东西。故选B项。
12．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：甚至给自己做饭或管理自己的小生活空间都让我觉得很有成就感。A. tough艰难的；B. rewarding有回报的，值得做的；C. impossible不可能的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据前文“Even making myself a meal or managing my small living space”以及“The life in halls added to my sense of 　　10　　 and confidence.”可知，作者自己做饭、管理生活空间，这些都让作者有了独立感和信心，所以应该是让作者感觉有回报的，值得做的。故选B项。
13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：完成硕士学位后不久，我又回到了大学的大门——这次是去教书。A. visit拜访，参观；B. interview面试；C. lead领导，带领；D. teach教。根据后文 “I am now a lecturer on the same course that I took.”可知，作者现在是一名讲师，所以这次回到大学是来教书的。故选D项。
14．考查动词短语辨析。句意：回首过去的我，我笑了——她还不知道自己的价值。A. look back on回顾；B. keep away from远离；C. catch up with赶上；D. hold on to坚持，抓住。 根据下文“the person I was before”可知，作者是回顾以前的自己。故选A项。
15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：回首过去的我，我笑了——她还不知道自己的价值。A. job工作；B. duty职责；C. worth价值；D. career事业。根据前文作者的经历，从没有信心、被困住到通过学习深造找到了新的方向，成为一名讲师，所以作者以前的自己不知道自己的价值。故选C项。
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