资源简介 2024-2025 学年冀教版初中英语八年级下册(全册)知识点归纳目录Unit 1 Spring Is Coming!Unit 2 Plant a Plant!Unit 3 Animals Are Our FriendsUnit 4 The Internet Connects UsUnit 5 Buying and SellingUnit 6 Be a Champion!Unit 7 Know Our WorldUnit 8 Save Our World(全册)知识点归纳Unit 1 Spring Is Coming!一、核心词汇1. 季节与天气 :spring(春天)、warm(温暖的)、shower(阵雨)、breeze(微风)、bud(芽)、leaf(叶子)、grow(生长)、ice(冰)、melt(融化)2. 动作与感受 :run(跑)、jump(跳)、laugh(笑)、hope(希望)、wonder(想知道)、shine(照耀)、picnic(野餐)3. 其他 :everyone(每人)、outside(在外面)、together(一起)、until(直到)、siege(包围)、heavily(大量地)二、重点短语1. spring is coming 春天来了2. wake up 醒来;唤醒3. come back to life 苏醒;恢复生机4. take off 脱下;起飞5. go on a picnic 去野餐6. play outside 在外面玩7. so...that... 如此……以至于……8. wait for 等待三、关键句型1. What a fine day! 多好的天气啊!(感叹句:What + a/an + 形容词 + 单数名词!)2. The days are getting longer and longer. 白天变得越来越长。(比较级 +and + 比较级:表示“越来越……”)3. I wonder what spring is like in your hometown. 我想知道你家乡的春天是什么样的。(wonder + 宾语从句)4. It’s too cold for swimming. 游泳太冷了。(too + 形容词 + for sth. / to dosth.)四、语法要点1. 现在进行时表将来 :例句: She is coming tomorrow. (她明天来。)常见动词:come, go, leave, arrive 等表示位置移动的动词可用现在进行时表将来计划。2. 感叹句结构 :What + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + 主语 + 谓语!How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语!例句: How beautiful the flowers are!Unit 2 Plant a Plant!一、核心词汇1. 植物与种植 :plant(植物;种植)、seed(种子)、soil(土壤)、root(根)、stem(茎)、leaf(叶子)、flower(花)、fruit(果实)、grow(生长)、water(浇水)、sunlight(阳光)2. 步骤与工具 :first(首先)、next(接下来)、then(然后)、finally(最后)、dig(挖)、cover(覆盖)、pot(花盆)、garden(花园)3. 其他 :enough(足够的)、inside(在里面)、outside(在外面)、strong(强壮的)、weak(虚弱的)二、重点短语1. plant a plant 种植植物2. dig a hole 挖洞3. put...into... 把……放进……4. cover...with... 用……覆盖……5. water the plant 给植物浇水6. take care of 照顾;照料7. grow up 长大;成长8. as...as... 和……一样……三、关键句型1. Let’s plant some flowers in the garden. 我们在花园里种些花吧。(Let’sdo sth. 祈使句)2. First, dig a hole large enough for the tree. 首先,挖一个足够大的坑来种树。(形容词 + enough + for sth. / to do sth.)3. Make sure the roots are covered with soil. 确保根部被土壤覆盖。(becovered with... 被……覆盖)4. How often should I water it 我应该多久给它浇一次水?(how often 询问频率)四、语法要点1. 祈使句 :肯定形式:动词原形开头。例句: Water the plants every day.否定形式:Don’t + 动词原形。例句: Don’t forget to water them.2. enough 的用法 :形容词/副词 + enough:表示“足够……”。例句: The soil is dry enough.enough + 名词:表示“足够的……”。例句: We have enough seeds.Unit 3 Animals Are Our Friends一、核心词汇1. 动物与特征 :animal(动物)、friend(朋友)、pet(宠物)、dog(狗)、cat(猫)、bird(鸟)、fish(鱼)、cute(可爱的)、smart(聪明的)、lazy(懒惰的)、shy(害羞的)2. 动作与情感 :love(爱)、like(喜欢)、hate(讨厌)、save(拯救)、protect(保护)、feed(喂养)、play(玩耍)、bark(吠叫)、catch(抓住)3. 其他 :owner(主人)、forever(永远)、member(成员)、dangerous(危险的)、endangered(濒危的)二、重点短语1. animal friends 动物朋友2. keep a pet 养宠物3. play with 和……玩耍4. feed on 以……为食5. in danger 处于危险中6. protect...from... 保护……免受……7. die out 灭绝8. as well 也;同样三、关键句型1. Dogs are my favorite animals because they are loyal. 狗是我最喜欢的动物,因为它们忠诚。(because 引导原因状语从句)2. Some animals are in danger of dying out. 一些动物面临灭绝的危险。(bein danger of... 面临……的危险)3. We should do something to protect them. 我们应该做些事情来保护它们。(不定式表目的)4. How can we save endangered animals 我们如何拯救濒危动物?(how引导特殊疑问句)四、语法要点1. 原因状语从句 :由 because, since, as 引导,回答 why 的问题。例句: He didn’t come to school because he was ill.2. 情态动词 should 的用法 :表示“应该”,后接动词原形,否定式为 shouldn’t。例句: We should protect wild animals.Unit 4 The Internet Connects Us一、核心词汇1. 互联网与科技 :internet(互联网)、connect(连接)、website(网站)、email(电子邮件)、search(搜索)、information(信息)、share(分享)、download(下载)、upload(上传)、online(在线的)2. 动作与功能 :send(发送)、receive(接收)、chat(聊天)、shop(购物)、play(玩)、learn(学习)、communicate(交流)3. 其他 :modern(现代的)、convenient(方便的)、fast(快的)、slow(慢的)、safe(安全的)、dangerous(危险的)二、重点短语1. the Internet connects us 互联网连接我们2. search for information 搜索信息3. send emails 发送电子邮件4. chat online 在线聊天5. shop online 网上购物6. play online games 玩在线游戏7. learn about 了解8. be good for 对……有益三、关键句型1. The Internet makes our lives more convenient. 互联网使我们的生活更方便。(make + 宾语 + 形容词:使……怎么样)2. We can use the Internet to do many things. 我们可以用互联网做很多事情。(use sth. to do sth. 用某物做某事)3. It’s easy for us to search for information. 对我们来说搜索信息很容易。(It’s + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.)4. What do you usually use the Internet for 你通常用互联网做什么?(use...for... 用……做……)四、语法要点1. 动词不定式(to do)作目的状语 :例句: I go online to learn English. (我上网是为了学英语。)2. make 的复合结构 :make + 宾语 + 形容词/名词/动词原形例句: The news made her happy. (形容词)We made him our monitor. (名词)He made me laugh. (动词原形)Unit 5 Buying and Selling一、核心词汇1. 购物与交易 :buy(买)、sell(卖)、shop(商店;购物)、market(市场)、store(商店)、price(价格)、cost(花费)、pay(支付)、dollar(美元)、yuan(元)2. 商品与描述 :clothes(衣服)、shoes(鞋子)、book(书)、food(食物)、delicious(美味的)、expensive(昂贵的)、cheap(便宜的)、big(大的)、small(小的)3. 动作与策略 :choose(选择)、compare(比较)、bargain(讨价还价)、advertise(广告)、order(订购)、return(退还)二、重点短语1. buy and sell 买卖2. go shopping 去购物3. at the market 在市场上4. how much 多少钱;多少(不可数名词)5. pay for 为……付款6. on sale 廉价出售7. compare...with... 把……与……比较8. in style 流行的三、关键句型1. How much is this shirt 这件衬衫多少钱?(询问价格)2. Can I help you 你需要帮助吗?(购物常用语)3. I’ll take it. 我买了。(决定购买)4. It’s too expensive. Can you make it cheaper 太贵了。你能便宜点吗?(讨价还价)四、语法要点1. 询问价格的表达方式 :How much is/are... What’s the price of... 例句: How much are these shoes / What’s the price of the book 2. pay, cost, spend 的区别 :pay:主语是人,pay for sth.例句: I paid 50 yuan for the bag.cost:主语是物,sth. cost (sb.) money例句: The book costs me 20 dollars.spend:主语是人,spend money/time on sth. / (in) doing sth.例句: She spends much money on clothes.Unit 6 Be a Champion!一、核心词汇1. 比赛与冠军 :champion(冠军)、competition(比赛)、race(赛跑)、game(游戏;比赛)、match(比赛)、win(赢)、lose(输)、train(训练)、practice(练习)2. 动作与态度 :run(跑)、jump(跳)、swim(游泳)、play(玩)、try(尝试)、hard(努力地)、never(从不)、give up(放弃)3. 其他 :team(团队)、friend(朋友)、excited(兴奋的)、nervous(紧张的)、proud(自豪的)二、重点短语1. be a champion 成为冠军2. take part in 参加3. train hard 努力训练4. practice doing sth. 练习做某事5. give up 放弃6. cheer sb. on 为某人加油7. work together 合作8. be proud of 为……感到自豪三、关键句型1. I want to be a champion in the running race. 我想在赛跑中成为冠军。(want to do sth. 想要做某事)2. Practice makes perfect. 熟能生巧。(谚语)3. Never give up, and you’ll succeed. 永不放弃,你就会成功。(祈使句 +and + 陈述句)4. How excited they are! 他们多兴奋啊!(感叹句:How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!)四、语法要点1. 祈使句 + and/or + 陈述句 :例句: Work hard, and you’ll pass the exam. (努力学习,你就会通过考试。)Hurry up, or you’ll be late. (快点,否则你会迟到。)2. 现在进行时表正在进行的动作 :例句: They are training for the match now. (他们正在为比赛训练。)Unit 7 Know Our World一、核心词汇1. 世界与地理 :world(世界)、country(国家)、city(城市)、capital(首都)、map(地图)、flag(国旗)、language(语言)、culture(文化)、history(历史)、famous(著名的)2. 探索与发现 :know(知道)、learn(学习)、visit(参观)、travel(旅行)、discover(发现)、wonder(奇观)、ancient(古老的)、modern(现代的)3. 其他 :same(相同的)、different(不同的)、interesting(有趣的)、boring(无聊的)、beautiful(美丽的)二、重点短语1. know our world 了解我们的世界2. the capital of... ……的首都3. speak English 说英语4. be famous for 因……而著名5. such as 例如6. in the world 在世界上7. travel around the world 环游世界8. learn about 了解三、关键句型1. China is a large country with a long history. 中国是一个历史悠久的大国。(with 短语作定语)2. The Great Wall is famous around the world. 长城闻名于世。(be famousaround the world 举世闻名)3. What’s the capital of France 法国的首都是什么?(询问首都)4. There are many interesting places to visit in the world. 世界上有许多有趣的地方可以参观。(不定式作定语)四、语法要点1. with 的复合结构 :表示“具有;带有”,作定语或状语。例句: A girl with long hair is my friend. (定语)He came in with a book in his hand. (状语)2. famous 的用法 :be famous for:因……而著名(原因)例句: France is famous for its wine.ce famous as:作为……而著名(身份)例句: Mo Yan is famous as a writer.Unit 8 Save Our World一、核心词汇1. 环境与保护 :world(世界)、earth(地球)、environment(环境)、pollution(污染)、air(空气)、water(水)、land(土地)、garbage(垃圾)、recycle(回收)、save(拯救)、protect(保护)2. 问题与行动 :cut down(砍伐)、throw away(扔掉)、waste(浪费)、save(节约)、plant(种植)、clean(清洁)、reuse(重复使用)、reduce(减少)3. 其他 :dirty(脏的)、clean(干净的)、green(绿色的)、healthy(健康的)、harmful(有害的)二、重点短语1. save our world 拯救我们的世界2. environmental pollution 环境污染3. cut down trees 砍伐树木4. throw away 扔掉5. recycle waste 回收垃圾6. save energy 节约能源7. plant trees 植树8. in order to 为了三、关键句型1. Our world is in trouble. 我们的世界陷入了困境。(be in trouble 处于困境中)2. We should stop throwing garbage into rivers. 我们应该停止向河里扔垃圾。(stop doing sth. 停止做某事)3. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 对我们来说,保护环境很重要。(It’s + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.)4. What can we do to save the earth 我们能做些什么来拯救地球?(不定式作目的状语)5. Let’s work together to make our world a better place. 让我们共同努力,把世界变成一个更美好的地方。(make + 宾语 + 名词:使……成为……)6. The more trees we plant, the less pollution there will be. 我们种的树越多,污染就会越少。(the + 比较级,the + 比较级:越……,越……)四、语法要点1. stop 的用法 :stop doing sth.:停止正在做的事例句: Stop talking and listen to me. (停止说话,听我说。)stop to do sth.:停下来去做另一件事例句: He stopped to have a rest. (他停下来休息。)2. the + 比较级,the + 比较级 :表示“越……,越……”,前半部分是条件,后半部分是结果。例句: The more you exercise, the healthier you will be.综合语法复习要点一、时态总结1. 现在进行时 :结构:am/is/are + 动词-ing用法:表示现在正在进行的动作或现阶段持续进行的动作。例句: She is reading a book now. (现在进行)They are preparing for the exam this week. (现阶段持续)2. 一般现在时 :结构:动词原形/第三人称单数形式用法:表示习惯性动作、客观事实或真理。例句: He often plays football on weekends. (习惯)The earth goes around the sun. (真理)3. 一般将来时 :结构:will + 动词原形 / be going to + 动词原形用法:表示将来发生的动作或计划。例句: We will have a picnic tomorrow. (单纯将来)She is going to study abroad next year. (计划安排)二、从句归纳1. 宾语从句 :结构:主句 + 引导词(that/if/whether/特殊疑问词)+ 陈述句语序注意事项:时态呼应:主句为过去时,从句用相应过去时态;主句为现在时,从句时态不限。例句: He said (that) he would go shopping. (主句过去时,从句过去将来时)引导词:陈述句用 that(可省略),一般疑问句用 if/whether,特殊疑问句用特殊疑问词。例句: Do you know if he likes apples 2. 状语从句 :时间状语从句 :引导词:when, while, until, as soon as 等例句: I will call you as soon as I arrive. (as soon as 引导时间状语从句,主句用将来时,从句用一般现在时表将来)原因状语从句 :引导词:because, since, as例句: He didn’t come because he was ill.结果状语从句 :引导词:so...that..., such...that...例句: It’s so hot that we can’t go out. (so + 形容词 + that...)He is such a kind man that everyone likes him. (such + a/an + 形容词 + 名词 + that...)三、非谓语动词1. 动词不定式(to do) :作主语: To learn English well is important. (常用 it 作形式主语: It’simportant to learn English well. )作宾语: I want to buy a new bike.作定语: I have some homework to do.作目的状语: He gets up early to catch the bus.2. 动名词(-ing) :作主语: Swimming is good for health.作宾语: She enjoys listening to music.常见接动名词的动词:enjoy, finish, practice, mind, keep 等四、形容词与副词的比较级和最高级1. 规则变化 :单音节词和部分双音节词:一般加 -er/-est:fast → faster → fastest以不发音 e 结尾加 -r/-st:nice → nicer → nicest重读闭音节结尾且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写加 -er/-est:big → bigger→ biggest以辅音字母 + y 结尾,变 y 为 i 加 -er/-est:happy → happier → happiest多音节词和部分双音节词:加 more/most例句:beautiful → more beautiful → most beautiful2. 不规则变化 :good/well → better → bestbad/badly → worse → worstmany/much → more → most3. 常用句型 :比较级 + than: He is taller than his brother.the + 最高级 + of/in: She is the tallest in her class.比较级 + and + 比较级: The weather is getting colder and colder.重点话题写作模板一、季节与活动(Unit 1)题目示例 :My Favorite Season写作思路 :1. 点明最喜欢的季节2. 描述该季节的天气、景色及活动3. 表达感受参考句型 :My favorite season is spring because...The weather is warm and the flowers are blooming.I enjoy going on picnics with my family.二、环保与行动(Unit 8)题目示例 :How to Protect the Environment写作思路 :1. 指出环境问题2. 提出具体措施(节约资源、减少污染、垃圾分类等)3. 呼吁共同行动参考句型 :Our environment is becoming worse and worse. We should...We can save water by turning off the tap when we brush our teeth.Let’s work together to make the earth a greener place.三、购物经历(Unit 5)题目示例 :My Shopping Experience写作思路 :1. 介绍购物的时间、地点2. 描述购物过程(挑选商品、讨价还价等)3. 总结感受参考句型 :Last Sunday, I went shopping with my mother at the supermarket.I found a nice shirt but it was too expensive, so I tried to bargain with the seller.Although it was tiring, I felt happy with my new shirt.易混知识点对比1. too, also, either 的区别 :too:肯定句末,用逗号隔开例句: I like apples, too.also:肯定句中,位于 be 动词/助动词之后,实义动词之前例句: She is also a student.either:否定句末例句: He doesn’t like coffee, either.2. few, a few, little, a little 的区别 :例句: There are a few books on the desk. (肯定,可数)There is little water in the bottle. (否定,不可数)3. join, join in, take part in 的区别 :join:加入某个组织或团体,成为成员例句: He joined the army last year.join in:参加小规模活动(如游戏、讨论)例句: Can I join in your discussion take part in:参加大型活动或会议,强调参与性例句: She took part in the sports meeting.期末复习建议1. 词汇与短语 :每天背诵一个单元的核心词汇,结合例句记忆用法。整理易混短语(如 look for/look after),通过造句区分含义。2. 语法专项 :针对时态、从句、非谓语动词等重点语法,做专项练习题,总结错题原因。制作语法思维导图,梳理知识点逻辑关系。3. 听力与阅读 :每天听一篇教材录音或中考真题,训练抓关键信息的能力。阅读英文短文,分析长难句结构,积累好词好句。4. 写作提升 :每周写一篇话题作文,对照范文修改,注意语法正确性和逻辑连贯性。背诵常用句型和模板,如开头句、过渡句、结尾句。 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源预览