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语法填空解题方法系列
10.识别比较级和最高级
在语法填空中，识别比较级和最高级是确定单词正确形式的关键策略之一。比较级用于两者之间的比较，通常表示 “更……”；最高级则用于三者或三者以上的比较，意为 “最……” 。在做题时，需先根据语境判断句子是在进行比较，然后确定是两者比较还是多者比较，进而选择合适的比较级或最高级形式。常见的提示词有 “than”（用于比较级）、“one of”（用于最高级，后接 “the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 结构）等。通过识别这些关键信息，能够准确地填写单词的比较级或最高级形式，使句子在语义和语法上都符合逻辑。
【真题示例】
(2024 浙江)The earth is so big. We’re too small to feel it turn.’ Dad replied in a much (loud) voice.
[分析]句中 “much” 是修饰比较级的词，且根据语境，爸爸之前回答了问题，这次是在男孩再次追问下，声音比之前更大了，是与之前的声音作比较，所以用 “loud” 的比较级 “louder”，表示声音程度上的加深。
（2023 温州）Smiles and a helping hand can always make people (close) than a language can.
[分析]“than” 是比较级的标志词，表明句子在将 “Smiles and a helping hand” 和 “a language” 对人们关系的影响进行比较，所以 “close” 要用比较级 “closer”，意思是微笑和援手比语言更能让人们关系亲近。
(2023 嘉兴)It was the fifth day of our Italian journey. We arrived at our hotel (early) than usual.
[分析]“than” 出现，明确表示是将这次到达酒店的时间和往常到达酒店的时间进行对比，所以 “early” 应变为比较级 “earlier”，表示比平常更早到达酒店。
(2022 丽水)Skating with Nathan was certainly a (good) offer than working on the project.
[分析]“than” 表明是在 “Skating with Nathan” 和 “working on the project” 这两个活动之间进行比较，“good” 的比较级是 “better”，表示和内森去滑冰比做项目是更好的提议。
(2022 湖州)Everyone in class was (excited) than ever before.
[分析]“than ever before” 表示和以前的情况作对比，说明此时班上同学的兴奋程度和以往相比更高，“excited” 是多音节词，其比较级是 “more excited”。
(2023 杭州)Have you ever driven through a red traffic light Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven (fast) than the speed limit (限制)
[分析]“than” 引导比较，是将实际驾驶速度和限速进行对比，“fast” 的比较级是 “faster”，表示开车速度比限速更快。
(2023 绍兴)When Reshma Kosaraju was 12, her family moved from Chicago to Northern California. Soon after, the Camp Fire started. “It was one of (big) fires in California history,” Reshma, now 17, told TIME for Kids.
[分析]“one of” 后面接 “the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 结构，表示 “最…… 之一”，这里是说这场火灾是加州历史上最大的火灾之一，所以 “big” 要用最高级 “the biggest”。
（2022 杭州真）Today, it's one of the world's (cheap) and most helpful medicines.
[分析]同样是 “one of” 结构，“cheap” 要用最高级 “cheapest”，表示阿司匹林是世界上最便宜且最有用的药物之一。
（2022 金华）But my （big）problem of all was the pronunciation.
[分析]“of all” 表示在所有问题当中进行比较，强调范围，所以这里要用 “big” 的最高级 “biggest”，意思是发音是所有问题中最大的问题。
（2022 台州)The hot pot restaurant was one of the largest and (busy) places in the city.
[分析]“one of” 后接形容词最高级，“busy” 的最高级是 “busiest”，表示这家火锅店是城市里最大且最繁忙的地方之一。
(一）
比较级和最高级在句子中的位置较为灵活，主要取决于它们在句中充当的成分、所修饰的对象以及句子的结构和表达意图。下面结合文档中的实例，对其位置规律进行分析。
1.在系动词后作表语：当句子的谓语是系动词（如 be 动词、become、feel、look 等）时，比较级和最高级常位于系动词之后，用于描述主语的特征或状态。在 “Smiles and a helping hand can always make people closer than a language can.” 中，“closer” 作为比较级，跟在使役动词 “make” 后的宾语 “people” 之后，构成 “make sb. + 形容词比较级” 的结构，表示 “使某人更……” ；在 “Mr. Smith makes our school more beautiful than before” 里，“more beautiful” 跟在 “makes” 后的宾语 “our school” 之后，描述学校在史密斯先生的努力下变得比以前更美的状态。
2.修饰名词时的位置：修饰名词时，比较级和最高级通常位于名词之前。在 “It was one of the biggest fires in California history” 中，“the biggest” 修饰名词 “fires”，“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 是常见的表达最高级概念的结构，表示 “最…… 之一” ；在 “Hanfu has become popular again in recent years. A growing number of young people in China are starting to wear the traditional Han Chinese clothing.” 若要表达 “更传统的”，比较级 “more traditional” 会置于 “Han Chinese clothing” 之前，表明与其他同类服装相比，这种汉服具有更传统的特点。
3.在than引导的比较状语从句前：比较级常与 “than” 搭配使用，构成比较结构，比较级位于 “than” 之前。在 “Skating with Nathan was certainly a better offer than working on the project.” 中，“better” 作为比较级，置于 “than” 之前，明确表达了 “和内森去滑冰” 与 “做项目” 两个提议之间的比较关系；在 “We arrived at our hotel earlier than usual.” 里，“earlier” 在 “than” 之前，体现了此次到达酒店的时间与平常到达时间的比较。
4.在一些固定表达中的位置：在 “the + 比较级…，the + 比较级…” 结构中，两个比较级分别位于句首。虽然文档中未出现此结构的典型例子，但在常见的英语表达中，如 “The more you read, the smarter you will be.”（你读得越多，就会越聪明），两个比较级 “more” 和 “smarter” 分别位于句首，这种结构表示一方的变化随着另一方的变化而变化。
（二）
中考英语语法填空中，比较级与最高级的常见出题形式围绕着对其形式变化、运用场景以及相关句型结构的考查。通过对文档中题目的分析，可总结出以下常见出题形式。
1.直接考查比较级或最高级的形式变化：题目中会给出形容词或副词的原级，要求考生根据语境将其变为比较级或最高级形式。在 “Smiles and a helping hand can always make people 　(close) than a language can.” 中，“than” 是比较级的标志词，考生需要将 “close” 变为比较级 “closer” ；在 “It was one of the 　(big) fires in California history” 里，“one of” 后接 “the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 结构，所以要把 “big” 变成最高级 “the biggest”。这种出题形式主要测试学生对比较级和最高级基本变化规则的掌握，包括规则变化和不规则变化。
2.结合语境判断比较级或最高级的使用：通过设置具体的语境，让考生判断句子所表达的是比较含义还是最高级含义，从而确定使用比较级还是最高级。在 “Skating with Nathan was certainly a 　(good) offer than working on the project.” 中，根据 “than” 以及句子所表达的 “和内森去滑冰” 与 “做项目” 两个活动的比较关系，考生要判断出此处用 “good” 的比较级 “better”；在 “But my 　(big) problem of all was the pronunciation.” 里，“of all” 表示范围，表明在所有问题中进行比较，所以要用 “big” 的最高级 “biggest”。此类题目考查学生对语境的理解和对比较级、最高级语义的把握。
3.在固定句型中考查比较级和最高级：利用 “比较级 + than”“one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数”“the + 比较级…，the + 比较级…” 等常见句型来出题。在 “We arrived at our hotel 　(early) than usual.” 中，“than usual” 构成 “比较级 + than” 结构，考生要将 “early” 变为 “earlier”；在 “Today, it's one of the world's 　(cheap) and most helpful medicines.” 里，“one of the” 后接形容词最高级，所以 “cheap” 要变成 “cheapest”。这类出题形式重点考查学生对固定句型的熟悉程度和运用能力。
4.隐含比较或最高级意义的考查：有些题目没有明显的比较级或最高级标志词，但通过语境可以推断出比较或最高级的含义。在描述一系列事件时，如 “On the evening we arrived, … The next day, … When we got back, …”，若要表达其中某个事件的程度变化，可能需要考生自行判断并使用比较级或最高级。比如，若描述第一天度假很开心，第二天遇到一些麻烦没那么开心了，就可能需要用比较级来体现这种变化。这种出题形式增加了难度，考查学生对语境的深入理解和灵活运用比较级、最高级的能力。
中考英语语法填空中，比较级和最高级是常考知识点，旨在考查学生对英语语法的掌握和运用能力。常考的比较级和最高级涵盖了形容词与副词的变化形式，以及它们在不同语境中的使用规则。通过对所给文档中题目的分析，可以总结出以下常考内容。
1.形容词比较级和最高级
规则变化：一般在词尾加 -er 构成比较级，加 -est 构成最高级，如 “tall - taller - tallest”“short - shorter - shortest” 。以不发音的 e 结尾的单词，直接加 -r 构成比较级，加 -st 构成最高级，例如 “nice - nicer - nicest”“large - larger - largest”。重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的单词，双写该辅音字母再加 -er 和 -est，像 “big - bigger - biggest”“hot - hotter - hottest”。以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的单词，变 y 为 i，再加 -er 和 -est，比如 “happy - happier - happiest”“easy - easier - easiest”。多音节词和部分双音节词，在前面加 more 构成比较级，加 most 构成最高级，如 “beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful”“interesting - more interesting - most interesting” 。这些规则变化在中考语法填空中经常出现，学生需要牢记并能正确运用。
不规则变化：一些形容词的比较级和最高级变化不规则，如 “good/well - better - best”“bad/badly/ill - worse - worst”“many/much - more - most”“little - less - least”“far - farther/further - farthest/furthest” 等。这些不规则变化是考试的重点和难点，学生容易出错，需要特别记忆。在 “Skating with Nathan was certainly a 　6　(good) offer than working on the project.” 中，就考查了 “good” 的比较级 “better” 的用法，根据 “than” 可知此处要用比较级。
副词比较级和最高级：副词比较级和最高级的变化规则与形容词基本相同。规则变化如 “fast - faster - fastest”“hard - harder - hardest” ；部分双音节词和多音节词前加 more 和 most，如 “quickly - more quickly - most quickly”“carefully - more carefully - most carefully”。不规则变化有 “well - better - best”“badly - worse - worst” 等。在 “Have you ever driven through a red traffic light Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven 　1　(fast) than the speed limit (限制) ” 中，“fast” 作为副词，根据 “than”，需要用其比较级 “faster”，表示比限速开得更快。
2.比较级和最高级的常用句型
比较级 + than：用于两者之间的比较，是最常见的比较级句型。如 “Smiles and a helping hand can always make people 　10　(close) than a language can.”，“than” 前面用 “close” 的比较级 “closer”，表示微笑和援手比语言更能让人们关系亲近。
one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数：表示 “最…… 之一”。例如 “It was one of the biggest fires in California history”，“the biggest” 用于此结构中，表明这场火灾是加州历史上众多大火中最大的火灾之一。
the + 比较级…，the + 比较级…：表示 “越……，越……”。虽然文档中未出现，但在中考中也是常考句型，如 “The more you practice, the better you can speak English.”（你练习得越多，英语说得就越好）。
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(浙江省温州市第二中学2024-2025学年下学期九年级开学综合素质检测英语试题卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Daniel, a little boy, lived in a small town. He loved a beautiful glass which 1 (give) by his grandmother.
One day, Daniel knocked over the glass on the table while playing. The glass 2 (fall) to the ground and broke into a million pieces. Tears were in his eyes. His mom walked in when she heard 3 sound, saw the broken glass and Daniel’s teary eyes and whispered, “It’s okay, Daniel. What I care most about is that you haven’t been hurt.” Daniel said, “But Grandma gave it to me and I love the glass.” Mom said, “I know, dear, but there are some things 4 we can’t get back, even if we like them more.” Then Mom helped clean up the pieces while telling, “Everyone makes mistakes. The important thing is to learn from 5 (they) and become better.” Daniel thought for a moment 6 asked, “What should I do ” Mom smiled and replied, “First learn to forgive yourself. Then find ways to avoid the same mistakes.”
In the following 7 (day), Daniel began learning to make small crafts. He wanted to make a nice painting with those glass pieces. The day he finished his work, he was excited to show it 8 his family. The painting shone beautifully with broken glass. “You 9 (turn) loss into creation already,” Mom was touched and said, “That is 10 (valuable) than any glass.”
Daniel understood the brokenness in life was not only loss, but also a chance for a new beginning and creation.
【答案】
1．was given 2．fell 3．the 4．that/which 5．them 6．and 7．days 8．to 9．have turned 10．more valuable
【解析】本文通过讲述Daniel打碎祖母送的玻璃杯后，在母亲的引导下将破碎的玻璃变成一幅美丽的画作，传达了生活中的破碎不仅是失去，也是新的开始和创造的机会。
1．句意：他喜欢一个漂亮的玻璃杯，那是他祖母给的。根据“He loved a beautiful glass which ... by his grandmother”可知，玻璃杯是被祖母给的，且动作发生在过去，用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was given。
2．句意：玻璃杯掉到地上，摔成了无数碎片。此空为谓语动词，根据“The glass ... to the ground and broke into a million pieces”可知，动作发生在过去。故填fell。
3．句意：当他听到声音时，妈妈走了进来。根据“His mom walked in when she heard ... sound”可知，声音是特指的。故填the。
4．句意：我知道，亲爱的，但有些东西我们无法找回，即使我们更喜欢它们。根据“there are some things ... we can’t get back”可知，that/which引导定语从句，修饰things。故填that/which。
5．句意：重要的是从它们中学习并变得更好。根据“learn from ...”可知，them指代mistakes。故填them。
6．句意：Daniel想了一会儿，然后问：“我该怎么办？”根据“Daniel thought for a moment ... asked”可知，and连接两个并列的动作。故填and。
7．句意：在接下来的几天里，Daniel开始学习制作小工艺品。根据“In the following ...”可知，days表示一段时间。故填days。
8．句意：他完成作品的那天，兴奋地向家人展示。根据“he was excited to show it ... his family”可知，show sth to sb表示“向某人展示某物”。故填to。
9．句意：“你已经将失去变成了创造，”妈妈感动地说。根据“You ... loss into creation already”可知，动作发生在过去并对现在有影响。故填have turned。
10．句意：“那比任何玻璃都更有价值。”根据“That is ... than any glass”可知，more valuable表示比较级。故填more valuable。
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（浙江省金华市第五中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期期学检测卷英语试卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know what the antonym (反义词) of “love” is Many would say “hate”. But the movie Coco gives us a special answer—“forget”. “When there’s no one left in the living world who 1 (remember) you, you disappear from this world. We call 2 the final death,” Hector, a character in the movie, said.
Coco follows Miguel, a boy 3 (bear) into a family of shoemakers in Mexico. It’s a family that refuses everything about music. However, Miguel is a music lover who has always considered his great-great-grandfather, a music star, as his hero. On the Day of the Dead (亡灵节), Miguel goes to the world of the dead by accident. There, he starts a magical journey with a 4 (sing) called Hector, who turns out to be his great-great-grandfather. They have 5 same hobby of music and appreciate (欣赏) each other.
The two important themes in this movie are 6 (dream) and family. In terms of dreams, Miguel is different 7 his family—he loves music and dreams of playing music. 8 his family is against his dream, he sticks to it and proves (证明) his talent to his family.
As for family, Miguel meets Hector, his great-great-grandfather, and learns about his story; Miguel discovers that the popular song Remember Me by his great-great-grandmother, Coco. Hector thinks his daughter is 9 (important) than music. He also explains that “Family is the most important thing in the world.”
There may be times when our dreams face opposition from our families. But what Coco tells us is that dreams and family can be in harmony as long as there 10 (be) enough communication. And there is one thing we never doubt: the love our family has for us.
【答案】
1．remembers 2．it 3．born 4．singer 5．the 6．dreams 7．from 8．Although/Though 9．more important 10．is
【解析】本文主要讲述了电影《寻梦环游记》中的两个重要主题：梦想和家庭。影片通过主人公米格尔（Miguel）的冒险旅程，探讨了梦想与家庭之间的关系。
1．句意：当这个世界上没有人记得你的时候，你就从这个世界上消失了。who指代的是先行词the one，时态是一般现在时，所以谓语动词用三单形式。故填remembers。
2．句意：我们称之为“终极死亡”。根据“you disappear from this world”及语境可知，此处指把“从世界消失”这种情况称之为“终极死亡”，用it指代。故填it。
3．句意：Coco跟随Miguel，一个出生在墨西哥一个鞋匠家庭的男孩。空处作定语修饰名词boy，且表被动含义，所以用bear的过去分词born。故填born。
4．句意：在那里，他和一个名叫Hector的歌手开始了一段神奇的旅程，Hector耳原来是他的曾曾祖父。根据“a...called Hector”可知，空处应填表示职业的名词形式，sing的名词形式是singer，a后跟单数名词。故填singer。
5．句意：他们有相同的音乐爱好，并且彼此欣赏。same常与定冠词the连用。故填the。
6．句意：这部电影的两个重要主题是梦想和家庭。根据“In terms of dreams”可知，空处应用dream的复数形式，故填dreams。
7．句意：在梦想方面，Miguel与他的家庭不同——他热爱音乐并梦想演奏音乐。be different from“与……不同”，固定短语，故填from。
8．句意：尽管他的家庭反对他的梦想，但他坚持并证明了自己的才华。根据“his family is against his dream, he sticks to it and proves (证明) his talent to his family.”可知，前半句是后半句的让步状语，所以用Although/Though“尽管”引导让步状语从句，故填Although/Though。
9．句意：Hector认为他的女儿比音乐更重要。根据“than”可知，空处用important的比较级more important。故填more important。
10．句意：但Coco告诉我们的是，只要有足够的沟通，梦想和家庭是可以和谐相处的。本句是there be句型，主语是不可数名词communication，时态是一般现在时，所以be动词用is。故填is。
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(浙江省金华义乌宾王中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期开学检测英语试卷)阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个恰当的词或者使用括号中所给单词的适当形式。
Usually, when we talk about reading, we think of using our eyes 1 (see) letters written in ink on paper. 2 , this is not always true. For example, blind people cannot see, but they can still read books.
The man 3 (introduce) blind people to reading was Louis Braille. Braille lost his eyesight at the age of 3 as a result of 4 injury. When he was ten, he went to a school for the blind in Paris.
In 1821, a soldier visited the school and showed the students a system for passing 5 (message) at night during times of battle (战役). His system used paper with small, raised dots (点) 6 could be felt with the fingers. Each letter of the alphabet was represented by a different pattern which 7 (make) up of 12 dots. While the students found the soldier’s idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be 8 practical use. But young Louis Braille took the idea and worked on it. At the age of fifteen, he created a system—Braille.
The blind can 9 (easy) recognize Braille with the fingers. Today, 10 is the most common system for them to read and write.
【答案】
1．to see 2．However 3．introducing 4．an 5．messages 6．which/that 7．was made 8．of 9．easily 10．it
【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍盲文的历史和发明者路易·布莱叶的故事，说明了盲文系统的起源和发展，并强调了它在盲人生活中的重要作用。
1．句意：通常，当我们谈论阅读时，我们会想到用眼睛去看纸上用墨水写的字母。根据“using our eyes … letters”可知，此处是指用眼睛去看字母；考查use ... to do sth.“用……做某事”，固定搭配，所以这里应用动词不定式to see。故填to see。
2．句意：然而，这并不总是正确的。根据语境可知，前后是转折关系，且空后有逗号，应用however“然而”，位于句首，首字母要大写。故填However。
3．句意：向盲人介绍阅读的人是路易·布莱叶。根据“The man ... blind people to reading was Louis Braille.”可知，句子谓语动词为“was”，所以“introduce”要用非谓语动词形式，“the man”和“introduce”之间是主动关系，应用现在分词作后置定语。故填introducing。
4．句意：布莱叶在3岁时因一次受伤而失明。根据空后“injury”可知，此处是指一次受伤，应用不定冠词表泛指，且“injury”是以元音音素开头的单词，应用“an”修饰。故填an。
5．句意：1821年，一名士兵访问了学校，并向学生们展示了一种在夜间战斗时传递信息的系统。根据空前“passing”可知，此处是指传递信息，应用名词message“消息”的复数形式messages表泛指。故填messages。
6．句意：他的系统使用了一种带有小凸点的纸，这些点可以用手指感觉到。根据“paper with small, raised dots … could be felt with the fingers”可知，此处考查定语从句，“dots”为先行词，指物，在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which或that引导定语从句。故填which/that。
7．句意：字母表中的每个字母都由12个点组成的不同图案表示。“which...up of 12 dots”是定语从句，先行词“a different pattern”和“make up”之间是被动关系，且句子时态是一般过去时，应用一般过去时的被动语态；主语为单数，be动词用was，动词make的过去分词为made。故填was made。
8．句意：虽然学生们觉得士兵的想法很有趣，但这个系统太难了，无法实际使用。“of + 抽象名词”相当于该名词对应的形容词，“of practical use”就相当于 “useful”，表示“有用的”。故填of。
9．句意：盲人可以轻松地用手指识别盲文。分析句子结构可知，此处应用easy的副词形式easily“容易地”来修饰动词“recognize”，在句中作状语。故填easily。
10．句意：今天，它是他们阅读和书写的最常见系统。根据语境可知，这里应用人称代词主格it指代上文提到的“Braille”，在句中作主语。故填it。
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(浙江省衢州市兴华中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期期初考试英语试题)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Many people love reading books. I love reading as well. I love many different kinds of books, because books not only open my mind 1 also give me courage.
So far, I 2 (read) a lot of books, such as magazines, novels and storybooks. My favourite book is The Story of My Life. It was written by an American writer Helen Keller in 1902. She was a blind, deaf and dumb person. She had not been able to see, hear or speak 3 she was one year and seven months old. This unusual thing made her very sad. 4 (lucky), she met her good teacher, Miss Sullivan at the age of seven. Helen was getting 5 (happy) and more active every day. Then, Miss Sullivan helped her learn how 6 (write) English words. At first, Miss Sullivan wrote some words on Helen’s hands 7 her own fingers again and again. Helen was a very hardworking girl. She tried as much as possible to remember words. After that, she wrote many famous 8 (work). The Story of My Life is one of 9 (they).
The Story of My Life which describes her struggle (斗争) to become a good writer of the world shows us 10 important truth: Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it! That is why I like it best.
【答案】
1．but 2．have read 3．since 4．Luckily 5．happier 6．to write 7．with 8．works 9．them 10．an
【解析】本文主要讲述“我”热爱读书，尤其喜爱海伦 凯勒所著的《我的人生故事》，介绍了海伦 凯勒的不幸遭遇以及在老师帮助下取得成就，还阐述了这本书传达的重要真理。
1．句意：我喜欢许多不同种类的书，因为书不但开阔我的眼界，而且给我勇气。“not only...but also...”是固定搭配，意为“不但……而且……”。故填but。
2．句意：到目前为止，我已经读了很多书，比如杂志、小说和故事书。“So far”表示“到目前为止”，常与现在完成时连用，现在完成时的结构是“have/has+过去分词”，主语是“I”，read的过去分词是“read”。故填have read。
3．句意：她从一岁七个月大起就不能看、听和说话了。“since”引导时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时或过去完成时，从句用一般过去时，表示“自从……以来”。这里说她从一岁七个月大就不能看、听和说话，符合语境。故填since。
4．句意：幸运的是，她在七岁时遇到了她的好老师，沙利文小姐。此处需要一个副词来修饰整个句子，“lucky”的副词形式是“luckily”，意为“幸运地”。故填Luckily。
5．句意：海伦每天都变得更开心、更活跃。根据“and more active”可知，这里是比较级的并列结构，“happy”的比较级是“happier”。故填happier。
6．句意：然后，沙利文小姐帮助她学习如何写英语单词。“how to do sth.”是“疑问词+动词不定式”结构，在句中作宾语。故填to write。
7．句意：起初，沙利文小姐用她自己的手指在海伦的手上一遍又一遍地写一些单词。“with”表示“用……工具”，这里指用她自己的手指在海伦手上写字。故填with。
8．句意：在那之后，她写了许多著名的作品。“work”作“作品”讲时是可数名词，前面有“many”修饰，要用复数形式“works”。故填works。
9．句意：《我的人生故事》就是它们中的一本。“one of...”后接人称代词宾格形式，“they”的宾格是“them”。故填them。
10．句意：《我的人生故事》描述了她为成为世界上一名优秀作家而进行的奋斗，它向我们展示了一个重要的真理：世上无难事，只怕有心人！“truth”是可数名词，此处表示“一个重要的真理”，“important”是以元音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词“an”。故填an。
5
(浙江省金华市第四中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期开学自测英语试卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
“Stay-at home” Astronaut’s Dream
Deng Qingming is a Chinese astronaut. He finally entered Tiangong Space Station by Shenzhou-15 in November, 2022 after 25 1 (year) hard work. He is working with his teammates to carry out 2 (task) in space.
Deng Qingming was born in Jiangxi Province in 1966. He made use of every minute to study in place 3 playing. At the age of 31, Deng 4 (choose) as one of the 14 first members of the PLA Astronaut Division. Deng kept training hard for a chance to fly into space until he had kidney stones (肾结石) in 2013. It was serious for astronauts because the 5 (standard) for their health are high. He had to stop training to have operations. He 6 (suffer) from the illness, but after two months, he continued working for his dream. 7 happened to him, he never gave up.
In 2022, Deng’s dream finally came true. He was 56 years old and the last one of China’s first astronauts to be sent into space. He had never been 8 (hope) for the past 25 years. He had fought for his space dream the whole time. He is such a true hero that his story 9 (influence) many Chinese people. And we all take 10 (proud) in him.
【答案】
1．years’ 2．tasks 3．of 4．was chosen 5．standards 6．suffered 7．Whatever 8．hopeless 9．has influenced/influences 10．pride
【解析】本文主要讲述了宇航员邓清明在进入太空之前的经历，他坚持不懈，努力实现自己的航天梦。
1．句意：经过25年的艰苦努力，他终于在2022年11月乘坐神舟十五号进入了天宫空间站。此处表示“25年的努力工作”，要用名词所有格，修饰“hard work”，数字25后跟可数名词复数years，以s结尾的复数名词的所有格，直接在s后加’。故填years’。
2．句意：他正与队友们一起在太空执行任务。task意为“任务”，是可数名词，此处用复数形式表泛指。故填tasks。
3．句意：他利用每一分钟来学习，而非玩耍。“in place of”意为“代替，而不是”，表示“他利用每一分钟学习而不是玩耍”，符合语境。故填of。
4．句意：31岁时，邓清明被选拔为中国人民解放军航天员大队首批14名成员之一。该句时态为一般过去时，主语Deng和动词choose之间是被动关系，要用一般过去时的被动语态，其谓语动词结构为“was/were+过去分词”，主语是第三人称单数，be动词用was，choose的过去分词是chosen。故填was chosen。
5．句意：这对航天员来说是很严重的问题，因为对他们的健康标准要求很高。根据“the ... for their health are high”可知，be动词为are，说明主语是复数，standard意为“标准”，其复数形式是standards。故填standards。
6．句意：他饱受疾病折磨，但两个月后，他又继续为自己的梦想奋斗。描述过去的动作，用一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，suffer的过去式是suffered。故填suffered。
7．句意：无论发生什么，他从未放弃。根据“... happened to him, he never gave up.”可知，此处表示“无论发生什么”，whatever意为“无论什么”，引导让步状语从句，符合语境，句首字母要大写。故填Whatever。
8．句意：在过去的25年里，他从未绝望过。需填入形容词作表语，hope的形容词形式hopeless意为“绝望的”，符合语境。故填hopeless。
9．句意：他是真正的英雄，他的故事影响了许多中国人。此处可以强调他的故事对现在产生的影响，用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语“his story”是第三人称单数，用has，influence的过去分词是influenced；也可跟前面的is保持同一时态，即一般现在时，主语“his story”是第三人称单数，谓语动词用三单形式influences。故填has influenced/influences。
10．句意：我们都为他感到骄傲。“take pride in”意为“以……为骄傲”，符合语境，pride是proud的名词形式。故填pride。
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（浙江省温州市实验中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期开学考试英语试题）The mascots (吉祥物) for the 2024 Paris Olympics and Paralympics have shown up in front of the public. They are the Phryges, two Phrygian caps.
The soft red cap 1 (know) as a liberty (自由) cap. In ancient times, it was worn in Phrygia, a place in modern Turkey. That was how it got the name. During the French Revolution, it was a symbol 2 freedom. Today it 3 (be) a common symbol for French people. It appears in paintings, big events, and even on everyday things such as 4 (coin) and stamps. In The Smurfs (《蓝精灵》) , a popular cartoon series, every smurf wears a Phrygian cap.
The organizers said they were proud of 5 (they) choice. They didn’t want to choose animals or anything similar 6 they really needed something that could stand for an “ideal”.
The Paralympic Phryge has a prosthetic (假体的) leg 7 goes to the knee. “It can really send 8 encouraging message to disabled people over the world.” said Michael 9 (excited), who is a gold medal winner at the 2008 Beijing Paralympics.
The two mascots share a motto of “Alone we go faster, but together we go 10 (far).” They help people around the world know more about the 2024 Paris Olympics and Paralympics.
【答案】
1．is known 2．of 3．is/has been 4．coins 5．their 6．because 7．that/which 8．an 9．excitedly 10．farther/further
【解析】本文主要介绍了2024年巴黎奥运会和残奥会的吉祥物。
1．句意：这种软软的红帽子被称为自由帽。根据句意可知，此处要表达“被称为”这一含义，be known as意为“被称为”，又因为此句描述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时，主语“The soft red cap”是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is。故填is known。
2．句意：在法国大革命期间，它是自由的象征。a symbol of ...，固定短语，意为“……的象征”，符合语境。故填of。
3．句意：今天，它对法国人来说是/已经是一个共同的象征。根据句意可知，此处要表达“是”这一含义，又因为此句描述的是客观事实，所以用一般现在时，也可以用现在完成时表示产生的影响，主语“it”是第三人称单数，所以be动词用is或has been。故填is/has been。
4．句意：它出现在绘画、大型活动，甚至硬币和邮票等日常事物上。根据句意可知，此处要表达“硬币”这一含义，coin意为“硬币”，且是可数名词，前面没有限定词，所以用复数形式。故填coins。
5．句意：组织者说，他们为自己的选择感到自豪。根据“they were proud of … (they) choice.”可知，此处要表达“他们的”这一含义，they意为“他们”，其形容词性物主代词是“their”。故填their。
6．句意：他们不想选择动物或类似的东西，因为他们真的需要一些东西来代表一种“理想”。根据“They didn’t want to choose animals or anything similar … they really needed something”可知，此处要表达“因为”这一含义， because意为“因为”符合语境。故填because。
7．句意：残奥会弗里吉亚人有一条假肢，一直到膝盖。根据“The Paralympic Phryge has a prosthetic (假体的) leg … goes to the knee.”可知，“a prosthetic leg”是先行词，表示物，关系词用which或that，在定语从句中作主语。故填that/which。
8．句意：它真的可以向全世界的残疾人传递鼓舞人心的信息。根据“It can really send … encouraging message”可知，此处要表达“一个”这一含义，“message”意为“信息”，是可数名词，所以用不定冠词，“encouraging”的音标的第一个音素是元音，所以用an。故填an。
9．句意：“它真的可以向全世界的残疾人传递鼓舞人心的信息。”北京残奥会金牌得主迈克尔兴奋地说。根据“said Michael … (excited)”可知，此处要表达“激动地”这一含义，修饰动词“said”，excited 的副词形式excitedly意为“激动地”，符合语境。故填excitedly。
10．句意：这两个吉祥物的座右铭是“独自前行，我们速度更快；携手共进，我们走得更远”。根据“Alone we go faster”可知，此处应用形容词的比较级，far的比较级是farther/ further，意为“更远”，符合语境。故填farther/ further。
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（浙江省温州市实验中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期开学考试英语试题）Once, there lived a wise man. His son, however had no goals in life and wasn’t happy. As the years passed, the man got more and more worried 1 his son. One day, he handed his son a map and said, “Go and find a treasure by 2 (you).”
The son started his journey 3 (happy). He travelled really far. He walked across the forests. At last, he reached the place and started to dig. He 4 (dig) for a long time, but nothing was found. Sad and tired, he decided to go back home.
On the way back, he noticed dancing birds and beautiful flowers. He met happy farmers in the fields. 5 nice everything was!
When he got home, his father asked, “How was your journey to 6 place Did you enjoy it ” “Of course not! I thought someone else had found the treasure 7 I did. But I really enjoyed the journey back home and forgot the pain of not 8 (find) the treasure.” The son continued to tell his father 9 he noticed on the way back.
“Nice things are always there,” the father smiled. “Have a goal. If you don’t have a goal, you won’t set out (出发). But if the goal is the only thing in your mind, you 10 (miss) something nice. So remember: It is important to have a goal in life and enjoy the journey as well.”
【答案】
1．about 2．yourself 3．happily 4．dug 5．How 6．the 7．before 8．finding 9．what 10．will miss
【解析】本文主要介绍了一个父亲如何帮助自己的孩子认识到了有明确人生目标和享受生活同样重要。
1．句意：随着岁月的流逝，这个人越来越担心他的儿子。worry about“担心”，固定短语。故填about。
2．句意：有一天，他递给儿子一张地图说：“去自己找宝藏。”。 by yourself“你自己”，固定短语。故填yourself。
3．句意：儿子快乐地开始了他的旅程。根据“The son started his journey…”可知，此处应用修饰动词started，happy的副词形式为happily。故填happily。
4．句意：他挖了很长时间，但什么也没找到。根据“At last, he reached the place and started to dig.”可知，此处应用一般过去时，dig的过去式为dug。故填dug。
5．句意：一切是多么美好啊！根据“… nice everything was!”可知，此句是感叹句，结合“How+形容词/副词+主谓！”结构可知，此处应用how “多么”，句首字母大写。故填How。
6．句意：当他回到家时，他的父亲问：“你去那个地方旅行怎么样？你喜欢吗？”根据“At last, he reached the place and started to dig.”可知，此处特指前面提到的地方，应填定冠词the表特指。故填the。
7．句意：我以为在我之前其他人已经找到了宝藏。根据“I thought someone else had found the treasure … I did.”可知，此处表示应用before“在……之前”，此处表示“在我之前”。故填before。
8．句意：但我真的很享受回家的旅程，并忘记了没有找到宝藏的痛苦。根据“forgot the pain of not … (find) the treasure.”可知，of是介词，其后跟动词时应用动名词形式，find的动名词形式为finding。故填finding。
9．句意：儿子继续告诉父亲他在回来的路上注意到的东西。根据“The son continued to tell his father … he noticed on the way back.”可知，此处应填what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作noticed的宾语。故填what。
10．句意：但如果目标是你脑海中唯一的东西，你会错过一些美好的东西。根据“But if the goal is the only thing in your mind, you … (miss) something nice.”可知，这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，根据“主将从现”原则，此处应用一般将来时。故填will miss。
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（浙江省宁波市余姚市2024-2025学年九年级上学期期末考试英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Last Sunday, I took part in a marathon (马拉松) race. It was an exciting event that a lot of runners got together and waited 1 (patient) at the starting line.
As the race began, I tried 2 (run) at the same speed. The race was difficult, with different upslopes (上坡) and downhills. Along the way, I could see 3 (volunteer) offering water and energy drinks.
My legs started to hurt halfway, 4 I kept going and recalled all the pain I experienced in the training. There were also strangers 5 encouraged us from the roadsides. Their cheers 6 (support) me a lot.
I paid all my attention 7 the finish line so that I didn’t notice the stone on the road. Suddenly, I 8 (fall) down, but I managed to get up and continued. Finally, I crossed the finish line and completed the race. I sensed 9 unbelievable feeling of achievement. I was 10 (pride) of myself for not giving up and achieving this goal. This marathon experience will stay with me forever and inspire me to take on more challenges in the future.
【答案】
1．patiently 2．to run 3．volunteers 4．but 5．who/that 6．supported 7．to 8．fell 9．an 10．proud
【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者参加马拉松比赛，最终成功到达终点的故事。
1．句意：这是一场令人兴奋的比赛，许多跑步者聚集在一起，在起跑线上耐心地等待。此处需要一个副词来修饰动词waited，patient有耐心的，形容词；副词形式是patiently耐心地，即很多跑步者一起耐心地在起跑线等待。故填patiently。
2．句意：我试图以同样的速度跑。try to do sth.努力做某事，固定搭配。这里表示比赛开始时，“我”努力以相同的速度跑步。故填to run。
3．句意：一路上，我可以看到志愿者提供水和能量饮料。volunteer志愿者，可数名词，沿途看到的志愿者不止一个，所以用复数形式volunteers。故填volunteers。
4．句意：我的腿在中途开始疼，但是我继续前进，回忆了我在训练中所经历的所有痛苦。前半句说“我的腿在半程开始疼”，后半句说“我继续前进”，前后是转折关系，所以用but连接。故填but。
5．句意：也有陌生人从路边鼓励我们。这里是一个定语从句，先行词是strangers陌生人，在从句中作主语，指代人，所以用关系代词who或that引导定语从句，修饰strangers。故填who/that。
6．句意：他们的欢呼支持我很多。文章讲述的是上周日发生的事情，整体时态是一般过去时，所以这里用support的过去式supported，表示他们的欢呼给了“我”很多支持。故填supported。
7．句意：我所有的注意力都在终点线上，所以我没有注意到路上的石头。pay attention to是固定短语，意为“注意”，这里表示“我”把所有的注意力都放在终点线上。故填to。
8．句意：突然，我摔倒了，但是我设法起来继续。fall down摔倒，这里说“突然，我摔倒了”。文章用一般过去时叙述，fall的过去式是fell。故填fell。
9．句意：我感觉到一种难以置信的成就感。feeling是可数名词单数，这里表示“一种难以置信的成就感”，unbelievable是以元音音素/ /开头的单词，所以用不定冠词an修饰。故填an。
10．句意：我为自己没有放弃并实现了这个目标而感到骄傲。be proud of 是固定短语，意为“为……感到骄傲”，这里表示“我为自己没有放弃并实现这个目标而感到骄傲”。故填proud。
9
（浙江省金华市义乌市七校2024-2025学年九年级上学期期末英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Once there was a relative who offered a man and his three sons two baskets of peaches. One basket of peaches were just ripe (成熟) while the other were already overripe and would go 1 (bad) at once.
The father asked, “Which way of eating can avoid 2 (waste) a peach ”
The eldest son said, “ 3 (certain), we should eat those overripe, for they can’t 4 (keep) for three days.”
“But after you eat up those, the peaches in the other basket will go bad!”, the father was not satisfied 5 the eldest son’s advice.
The second son thought for a while and said, “We should eat the peaches just ripe. Choose the good 6 (one)!”
“If so, won’t the overripe peaches be wasted Don’t you think it is 7 shame ”
The father turned to the youngest son, “ 8 a good idea do you have ”
“I feel,” thinking for a while, the youngest son said, “We’d better mix them together, give some of them to the 9 (neighbor), and let them help us eat, so that we won’t waste a peach at all.”
Hearing this, the father 10 (nod) and said with a smile, “OK. It is really a good way. Then let’s do it in your way.”
【答案】
1．bad 2．wasting 3．Certainly 4．be kept 5．with 6．ones 7．a 8．what 9．neighbors 10．nodded
【解析】本文主要讲述了一个亲戚送来两篮桃子，一篮刚熟，另一篮熟透了，父亲通过询问如何处理这两篮桃子来教育孩子们要学会分享的故事。
1．句意：一筐桃子刚刚成熟，而另一筐已经过熟，马上就会变坏。根据“…would go…at once.”及提示词可知，go系动词，空处应用形容词作表语，bad“坏的”，形容词。故填bad。
2．句意：哪种吃法可以避免浪费一个桃子？根据“Which way of eating can avoid…a peach ”及提示词可知，avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”，动词短语；waste“浪费”，动词。故填wasting。
3．句意：当然，我们应该吃那些熟透的，因为它们不能保存三天。根据“…we should eat those overripe…”及提示词可知，空处应用副词修饰整个句子；certain“确定的”，形容词。故填Certainly。
4．句意：当然，我们应该吃那些熟透的，因为它们不能保存三天。根据“…for they can’t…for three days.”及提示词可知，此处应表达“被保存”，应用被动语态，结构为be done；keep“保持”，动词，并且情态动词后跟动词原形。故填be kept。
5．句意：父亲不满意长子的建议。根据“…the father was not satisfied…the eldest son’s advice.”及提示词可知，be satisfied with“对……满意”，固定词组。故填with。
6．句意：选择好的。根据“Choose the good…”及提示词可知，ones指代同一类事物的复数，空处指代好的桃子。故填ones。
7．句意：你不觉得这很可惜吗？根据“Don’t you think it is…shame ”及提示词可知，shame“可惜的事”，抽象名词具体化，因此应用冠词a修饰。故填a。
8．句意：父亲转向最小的儿子，问“你有什么好主意？”根据“…a good idea do you have ”及提示词可知，空处应用特殊疑问词what引导特殊疑问句，表达“什么”。故填what。
9．句意：我们最好把它们混合在一起，分一些给邻居，让他们帮我们吃，这样我们一点也不会浪费一个桃子。根据“…give some of them to the…and let them help us eat”及提示词可知，此处应表达“分一些给邻居”，neighbor“邻居”，可数名词。故填neighbors。
10．句意：父亲一听，点点头，笑着说：“好的。确实是个好办法。那就让我们按照你的方式去做吧。”根据“…the father…and said with a smile”及提示词可知，and并列连接两个谓语动词，said“说”，一般过去时，因此空处也应用一般过去时；nod“点头”，动词。故填nodded。
10
（浙江省宁波市鄞州区2024-2025学年九年级上学期期末考试英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Here’s an amazing story. Back in 1937, Amelia Earhart was one of the most famous 1 (woman) in the world. She was a writer and a fashion designer, but most of all, she was 2 pioneering pilot. Every time she landed her plane, she was met by huge crowds wanting 3 (see) her and congratulate her.
That year, Amelia decided she would go one step further and on June 1, together 4 her partner Fred Noonan, Amelia set off from Miami in her plane, which would be her 5 (big) but final adventure (冒险). The journey was going 6 (good) at first, but on 2nd July, the plane Amelia and Fred flew disappeared 7 they were heading towards Howland Island. The next day, the world awoke to the news that Amelia and Fred had been 8 (miss) into thin air.
After a huge search, no sign of the plane was ever 9 (find). Over the years, many ideas have developed about 10 might happen to the plane. One was that Amelia might land her plane on a tiny island, not far from Howland Island. Scientists have tried a lot but it’s still a mystery.
【答案】
1．women 2．a 3．to see 4．with 5．biggest 6．well 7．when/while/as 8．missing 9．found 10．what
【解析】本文主要讲述了1937年著名飞行员阿米莉亚和她的伙伴在一次飞行中失踪的故事。
1．句意：早在1937年，阿米莉亚·埃哈特是世界上最著名的女人之一。“one of the+形容词最高级+名词复数”意为“最……中之一”，故空处需名词复数。woman“女人”的复数形式为women。故填women。
2．句意：她是一名作家和时装设计师，但最重要的是，她是一位先驱飞行员。根据“...pioneering pilot.”可知，空处指“一位先驱飞行员”，需不定冠词，pioneering是以辅音音素开头的单词，需冠词a修饰。故填a。
3．句意：每次她降落飞机时，大量的人群来看她并祝贺她。want to do sth.意为“想要做某事”，故空处需动词不定式。故填to see。
4．句意：那一年，阿米莉亚决定将迈出更远一步，并于6月1日与她的搭档弗雷德·诺南从迈阿密乘飞机出发，这将是她最大的但最后的冒险。together with是固定搭配，表示“和……一起”，故填with。
5．句意：那一年，阿米莉亚决定将迈出更远一步，并于6月1日与她的搭档弗雷德·诺南从迈阿密乘飞机出发，这将是她最大的但也是最后的冒险。根据“which would be her...(big) but final adventure (冒险).”可知，这将是她最大的但也是最后的冒险。故空处含比较意味，需形容词最高级，big“大的”的最高级为biggest。故填biggest。
6．句意：旅程一开始进展顺利，但在7月2日，当阿米莉亚和弗雷德驾驶的飞机飞向豪兰岛时，飞机失踪了。go well是固定搭配，表示“进展顺利”，故填well。
7．句意：旅程一开始进展顺利，但在7月2日，当阿米莉亚和弗雷德驾驶的飞机飞向豪兰岛时，飞机失踪了。根据空前后关系可知，空处需连词when/while/as“当……时”来引导时间状语从句。故填when/while/as。
8．句意：第二天，全世界醒来时得知了阿米莉亚和弗雷德已经消失到稀薄的空气中了。根据“had been...”可知，空处需形容词，miss“失踪”为动词，其形容词为missing，意为“失踪的”。故填missing。
9．句意：经过大规模的搜索后，始终没有找到飞机的任何踪迹。主语no sign of the plane与谓语动词find之间是被动关系，和空前was构成一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为was done，故空处需动词的过去分词found。故填found。
10．句意：多年来，关于飞机可能发生了什么，出现了很多猜测。分析句子成分可知，空处需what引导宾语从句，作从句的主语，表示“关于飞机可能发生了什么。” 故填what。语法填空解题方法系列
10.识别比较级和最高级
在语法填空中，识别比较级和最高级是确定单词正确形式的关键策略之一。比较级用于两者之间的比较，通常表示 “更……”；最高级则用于三者或三者以上的比较，意为 “最……” 。在做题时，需先根据语境判断句子是在进行比较，然后确定是两者比较还是多者比较，进而选择合适的比较级或最高级形式。常见的提示词有 “than”（用于比较级）、“one of”（用于最高级，后接 “the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 结构）等。通过识别这些关键信息，能够准确地填写单词的比较级或最高级形式，使句子在语义和语法上都符合逻辑。
【真题示例】
(2024 浙江)The earth is so big. We’re too small to feel it turn.’ Dad replied in a much (loud) voice.
[分析]句中 “much” 是修饰比较级的词，且根据语境，爸爸之前回答了问题，这次是在男孩再次追问下，声音比之前更大了，是与之前的声音作比较，所以用 “loud” 的比较级 “louder”，表示声音程度上的加深。
（2023 温州）Smiles and a helping hand can always make people (close) than a language can.
[分析]“than” 是比较级的标志词，表明句子在将 “Smiles and a helping hand” 和 “a language” 对人们关系的影响进行比较，所以 “close” 要用比较级 “closer”，意思是微笑和援手比语言更能让人们关系亲近。
(2023 嘉兴)It was the fifth day of our Italian journey. We arrived at our hotel (early) than usual.
[分析]“than” 出现，明确表示是将这次到达酒店的时间和往常到达酒店的时间进行对比，所以 “early” 应变为比较级 “earlier”，表示比平常更早到达酒店。
(2022 丽水)Skating with Nathan was certainly a (good) offer than working on the project.
[分析]“than” 表明是在 “Skating with Nathan” 和 “working on the project” 这两个活动之间进行比较，“good” 的比较级是 “better”，表示和内森去滑冰比做项目是更好的提议。
(2022 湖州)Everyone in class was (excited) than ever before.
[分析]“than ever before” 表示和以前的情况作对比，说明此时班上同学的兴奋程度和以往相比更高，“excited” 是多音节词，其比较级是 “more excited”。
(2023 杭州)Have you ever driven through a red traffic light Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven (fast) than the speed limit (限制)
[分析]“than” 引导比较，是将实际驾驶速度和限速进行对比，“fast” 的比较级是 “faster”，表示开车速度比限速更快。
(2023 绍兴)When Reshma Kosaraju was 12, her family moved from Chicago to Northern California. Soon after, the Camp Fire started. “It was one of (big) fires in California history,” Reshma, now 17, told TIME for Kids.
[分析]“one of” 后面接 “the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 结构，表示 “最…… 之一”，这里是说这场火灾是加州历史上最大的火灾之一，所以 “big” 要用最高级 “the biggest”。
（2022 杭州真）Today, it's one of the world's (cheap) and most helpful medicines.
[分析]同样是 “one of” 结构，“cheap” 要用最高级 “cheapest”，表示阿司匹林是世界上最便宜且最有用的药物之一。
（2022 金华）But my （big）problem of all was the pronunciation.
[分析]“of all” 表示在所有问题当中进行比较，强调范围，所以这里要用 “big” 的最高级 “biggest”，意思是发音是所有问题中最大的问题。
（2022 台州)The hot pot restaurant was one of the largest and (busy) places in the city.
[分析]“one of” 后接形容词最高级，“busy” 的最高级是 “busiest”，表示这家火锅店是城市里最大且最繁忙的地方之一。
(一）
比较级和最高级在句子中的位置较为灵活，主要取决于它们在句中充当的成分、所修饰的对象以及句子的结构和表达意图。下面结合文档中的实例，对其位置规律进行分析。
1.在系动词后作表语：当句子的谓语是系动词（如 be 动词、become、feel、look 等）时，比较级和最高级常位于系动词之后，用于描述主语的特征或状态。在 “Smiles and a helping hand can always make people closer than a language can.” 中，“closer” 作为比较级，跟在使役动词 “make” 后的宾语 “people” 之后，构成 “make sb. + 形容词比较级” 的结构，表示 “使某人更……” ；在 “Mr. Smith makes our school more beautiful than before” 里，“more beautiful” 跟在 “makes” 后的宾语 “our school” 之后，描述学校在史密斯先生的努力下变得比以前更美的状态。
2.修饰名词时的位置：修饰名词时，比较级和最高级通常位于名词之前。在 “It was one of the biggest fires in California history” 中，“the biggest” 修饰名词 “fires”，“one of the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 是常见的表达最高级概念的结构，表示 “最…… 之一” ；在 “Hanfu has become popular again in recent years. A growing number of young people in China are starting to wear the traditional Han Chinese clothing.” 若要表达 “更传统的”，比较级 “more traditional” 会置于 “Han Chinese clothing” 之前，表明与其他同类服装相比，这种汉服具有更传统的特点。
3.在than引导的比较状语从句前：比较级常与 “than” 搭配使用，构成比较结构，比较级位于 “than” 之前。在 “Skating with Nathan was certainly a better offer than working on the project.” 中，“better” 作为比较级，置于 “than” 之前，明确表达了 “和内森去滑冰” 与 “做项目” 两个提议之间的比较关系；在 “We arrived at our hotel earlier than usual.” 里，“earlier” 在 “than” 之前，体现了此次到达酒店的时间与平常到达时间的比较。
4.在一些固定表达中的位置：在 “the + 比较级…，the + 比较级…” 结构中，两个比较级分别位于句首。虽然文档中未出现此结构的典型例子，但在常见的英语表达中，如 “The more you read, the smarter you will be.”（你读得越多，就会越聪明），两个比较级 “more” 和 “smarter” 分别位于句首，这种结构表示一方的变化随着另一方的变化而变化。
（二）
中考英语语法填空中，比较级与最高级的常见出题形式围绕着对其形式变化、运用场景以及相关句型结构的考查。通过对文档中题目的分析，可总结出以下常见出题形式。
1.直接考查比较级或最高级的形式变化：题目中会给出形容词或副词的原级，要求考生根据语境将其变为比较级或最高级形式。在 “Smiles and a helping hand can always make people 　(close) than a language can.” 中，“than” 是比较级的标志词，考生需要将 “close” 变为比较级 “closer” ；在 “It was one of the 　(big) fires in California history” 里，“one of” 后接 “the + 形容词最高级 + 名词复数” 结构，所以要把 “big” 变成最高级 “the biggest”。这种出题形式主要测试学生对比较级和最高级基本变化规则的掌握，包括规则变化和不规则变化。
2.结合语境判断比较级或最高级的使用：通过设置具体的语境，让考生判断句子所表达的是比较含义还是最高级含义，从而确定使用比较级还是最高级。在 “Skating with Nathan was certainly a 　(good) offer than working on the project.” 中，根据 “than” 以及句子所表达的 “和内森去滑冰” 与 “做项目” 两个活动的比较关系，考生要判断出此处用 “good” 的比较级 “better”；在 “But my 　(big) problem of all was the pronunciation.” 里，“of all” 表示范围，表明在所有问题中进行比较，所以要用 “big” 的最高级 “biggest”。此类题目考查学生对语境的理解和对比较级、最高级语义的把握。
3.在固定句型中考查比较级和最高级：利用 “比较级 + than”“one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数”“the + 比较级…，the + 比较级…” 等常见句型来出题。在 “We arrived at our hotel 　(early) than usual.” 中，“than usual” 构成 “比较级 + than” 结构，考生要将 “early” 变为 “earlier”；在 “Today, it's one of the world's 　(cheap) and most helpful medicines.” 里，“one of the” 后接形容词最高级，所以 “cheap” 要变成 “cheapest”。这类出题形式重点考查学生对固定句型的熟悉程度和运用能力。
4.隐含比较或最高级意义的考查：有些题目没有明显的比较级或最高级标志词，但通过语境可以推断出比较或最高级的含义。在描述一系列事件时，如 “On the evening we arrived, … The next day, … When we got back, …”，若要表达其中某个事件的程度变化，可能需要考生自行判断并使用比较级或最高级。比如，若描述第一天度假很开心，第二天遇到一些麻烦没那么开心了，就可能需要用比较级来体现这种变化。这种出题形式增加了难度，考查学生对语境的深入理解和灵活运用比较级、最高级的能力。
中考英语语法填空中，比较级和最高级是常考知识点，旨在考查学生对英语语法的掌握和运用能力。常考的比较级和最高级涵盖了形容词与副词的变化形式，以及它们在不同语境中的使用规则。通过对所给文档中题目的分析，可以总结出以下常考内容。
1.形容词比较级和最高级
规则变化：一般在词尾加 -er 构成比较级，加 -est 构成最高级，如 “tall - taller - tallest”“short - shorter - shortest” 。以不发音的 e 结尾的单词，直接加 -r 构成比较级，加 -st 构成最高级，例如 “nice - nicer - nicest”“large - larger - largest”。重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的单词，双写该辅音字母再加 -er 和 -est，像 “big - bigger - biggest”“hot - hotter - hottest”。以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的单词，变 y 为 i，再加 -er 和 -est，比如 “happy - happier - happiest”“easy - easier - easiest”。多音节词和部分双音节词，在前面加 more 构成比较级，加 most 构成最高级，如 “beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful”“interesting - more interesting - most interesting” 。这些规则变化在中考语法填空中经常出现，学生需要牢记并能正确运用。
不规则变化：一些形容词的比较级和最高级变化不规则，如 “good/well - better - best”“bad/badly/ill - worse - worst”“many/much - more - most”“little - less - least”“far - farther/further - farthest/furthest” 等。这些不规则变化是考试的重点和难点，学生容易出错，需要特别记忆。在 “Skating with Nathan was certainly a 　6　(good) offer than working on the project.” 中，就考查了 “good” 的比较级 “better” 的用法，根据 “than” 可知此处要用比较级。
副词比较级和最高级：副词比较级和最高级的变化规则与形容词基本相同。规则变化如 “fast - faster - fastest”“hard - harder - hardest” ；部分双音节词和多音节词前加 more 和 most，如 “quickly - more quickly - most quickly”“carefully - more carefully - most carefully”。不规则变化有 “well - better - best”“badly - worse - worst” 等。在 “Have you ever driven through a red traffic light Have you ever parked in the wrong place or driven 　1　(fast) than the speed limit (限制) ” 中，“fast” 作为副词，根据 “than”，需要用其比较级 “faster”，表示比限速开得更快。
2.比较级和最高级的常用句型
比较级 + than：用于两者之间的比较，是最常见的比较级句型。如 “Smiles and a helping hand can always make people 　10　(close) than a language can.”，“than” 前面用 “close” 的比较级 “closer”，表示微笑和援手比语言更能让人们关系亲近。
one of the + 最高级 + 名词复数：表示 “最…… 之一”。例如 “It was one of the biggest fires in California history”，“the biggest” 用于此结构中，表明这场火灾是加州历史上众多大火中最大的火灾之一。
the + 比较级…，the + 比较级…：表示 “越……，越……”。虽然文档中未出现，但在中考中也是常考句型，如 “The more you practice, the better you can speak English.”（你练习得越多，英语说得就越好）。
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(浙江省温州市第二中学2024-2025学年下学期九年级开学综合素质检测英语试题卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Daniel, a little boy, lived in a small town. He loved a beautiful glass which 1 (give) by his grandmother.
One day, Daniel knocked over the glass on the table while playing. The glass 2 (fall) to the ground and broke into a million pieces. Tears were in his eyes. His mom walked in when she heard 3 sound, saw the broken glass and Daniel’s teary eyes and whispered, “It’s okay, Daniel. What I care most about is that you haven’t been hurt.” Daniel said, “But Grandma gave it to me and I love the glass.” Mom said, “I know, dear, but there are some things 4 we can’t get back, even if we like them more.” Then Mom helped clean up the pieces while telling, “Everyone makes mistakes. The important thing is to learn from 5 (they) and become better.” Daniel thought for a moment 6 asked, “What should I do ” Mom smiled and replied, “First learn to forgive yourself. Then find ways to avoid the same mistakes.”
In the following 7 (day), Daniel began learning to make small crafts. He wanted to make a nice painting with those glass pieces. The day he finished his work, he was excited to show it 8 his family. The painting shone beautifully with broken glass. “You 9 (turn) loss into creation already,” Mom was touched and said, “That is 10 (valuable) than any glass.”
Daniel understood the brokenness in life was not only loss, but also a chance for a new beginning and creation.
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（浙江省金华市第五中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期期学检测卷英语试卷）阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Do you know what the antonym (反义词) of “love” is Many would say “hate”. But the movie Coco gives us a special answer—“forget”. “When there’s no one left in the living world who 1 (remember) you, you disappear from this world. We call 2 the final death,” Hector, a character in the movie, said.
Coco follows Miguel, a boy 3 (bear) into a family of shoemakers in Mexico. It’s a family that refuses everything about music. However, Miguel is a music lover who has always considered his great-great-grandfather, a music star, as his hero. On the Day of the Dead (亡灵节), Miguel goes to the world of the dead by accident. There, he starts a magical journey with a 4 (sing) called Hector, who turns out to be his great-great-grandfather. They have 5 same hobby of music and appreciate (欣赏) each other.
The two important themes in this movie are 6 (dream) and family. In terms of dreams, Miguel is different 7 his family—he loves music and dreams of playing music. 8 his family is against his dream, he sticks to it and proves (证明) his talent to his family.
As for family, Miguel meets Hector, his great-great-grandfather, and learns about his story; Miguel discovers that the popular song Remember Me by his great-great-grandmother, Coco. Hector thinks his daughter is 9 (important) than music. He also explains that “Family is the most important thing in the world.”
There may be times when our dreams face opposition from our families. But what Coco tells us is that dreams and family can be in harmony as long as there 10 (be) enough communication. And there is one thing we never doubt: the love our family has for us.
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(浙江省金华义乌宾王中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期开学检测英语试卷)阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个恰当的词或者使用括号中所给单词的适当形式。
Usually, when we talk about reading, we think of using our eyes 1 (see) letters written in ink on paper. 2 , this is not always true. For example, blind people cannot see, but they can still read books.
The man 3 (introduce) blind people to reading was Louis Braille. Braille lost his eyesight at the age of 3 as a result of 4 injury. When he was ten, he went to a school for the blind in Paris.
In 1821, a soldier visited the school and showed the students a system for passing 5 (message) at night during times of battle (战役). His system used paper with small, raised dots (点) 6 could be felt with the fingers. Each letter of the alphabet was represented by a different pattern which 7 (make) up of 12 dots. While the students found the soldier’s idea interesting, the system was too difficult to be 8 practical use. But young Louis Braille took the idea and worked on it. At the age of fifteen, he created a system—Braille.
The blind can 9 (easy) recognize Braille with the fingers. Today, 10 is the most common system for them to read and write.
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(浙江省衢州市兴华中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期期初考试英语试题)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Many people love reading books. I love reading as well. I love many different kinds of books, because books not only open my mind 1 also give me courage.
So far, I 2 (read) a lot of books, such as magazines, novels and storybooks. My favourite book is The Story of My Life. It was written by an American writer Helen Keller in 1902. She was a blind, deaf and dumb person. She had not been able to see, hear or speak 3 she was one year and seven months old. This unusual thing made her very sad. 4 (lucky), she met her good teacher, Miss Sullivan at the age of seven. Helen was getting 5 (happy) and more active every day. Then, Miss Sullivan helped her learn how 6 (write) English words. At first, Miss Sullivan wrote some words on Helen’s hands 7 her own fingers again and again. Helen was a very hardworking girl. She tried as much as possible to remember words. After that, she wrote many famous 8 (work). The Story of My Life is one of 9 (they).
The Story of My Life which describes her struggle (斗争) to become a good writer of the world shows us 10 important truth: Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it! That is why I like it best.
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(浙江省金华市第四中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期开学自测英语试卷)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
“Stay-at home” Astronaut’s Dream
Deng Qingming is a Chinese astronaut. He finally entered Tiangong Space Station by Shenzhou-15 in November, 2022 after 25 1 (year) hard work. He is working with his teammates to carry out 2 (task) in space.
Deng Qingming was born in Jiangxi Province in 1966. He made use of every minute to study in place 3 playing. At the age of 31, Deng 4 (choose) as one of the 14 first members of the PLA Astronaut Division. Deng kept training hard for a chance to fly into space until he had kidney stones (肾结石) in 2013. It was serious for astronauts because the 5 (standard) for their health are high. He had to stop training to have operations. He 6 (suffer) from the illness, but after two months, he continued working for his dream. 7 happened to him, he never gave up.
In 2022, Deng’s dream finally came true. He was 56 years old and the last one of China’s first astronauts to be sent into space. He had never been 8 (hope) for the past 25 years. He had fought for his space dream the whole time. He is such a true hero that his story 9 (influence) many Chinese people. And we all take 10 (proud) in him.
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（浙江省温州市实验中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期开学考试英语试题）The mascots (吉祥物) for the 2024 Paris Olympics and Paralympics have shown up in front of the public. They are the Phryges, two Phrygian caps.
The soft red cap 1 (know) as a liberty (自由) cap. In ancient times, it was worn in Phrygia, a place in modern Turkey. That was how it got the name. During the French Revolution, it was a symbol 2 freedom. Today it 3 (be) a common symbol for French people. It appears in paintings, big events, and even on everyday things such as 4 (coin) and stamps. In The Smurfs (《蓝精灵》) , a popular cartoon series, every smurf wears a Phrygian cap.
The organizers said they were proud of 5 (they) choice. They didn’t want to choose animals or anything similar 6 they really needed something that could stand for an “ideal”.
The Paralympic Phryge has a prosthetic (假体的) leg 7 goes to the knee. “It can really send 8 encouraging message to disabled people over the world.” said Michael 9 (excited), who is a gold medal winner at the 2008 Beijing Paralympics.
The two mascots share a motto of “Alone we go faster, but together we go 10 (far).” They help people around the world know more about the 2024 Paris Olympics and Paralympics.
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（浙江省温州市实验中学2024-2025学年九年级下学期开学考试英语试题）Once, there lived a wise man. His son, however had no goals in life and wasn’t happy. As the years passed, the man got more and more worried 1 his son. One day, he handed his son a map and said, “Go and find a treasure by 2 (you).”
The son started his journey 3 (happy). He travelled really far. He walked across the forests. At last, he reached the place and started to dig. He 4 (dig) for a long time, but nothing was found. Sad and tired, he decided to go back home.
On the way back, he noticed dancing birds and beautiful flowers. He met happy farmers in the fields. 5 nice everything was!
When he got home, his father asked, “How was your journey to 6 place Did you enjoy it ” “Of course not! I thought someone else had found the treasure 7 I did. But I really enjoyed the journey back home and forgot the pain of not 8 (find) the treasure.” The son continued to tell his father 9 he noticed on the way back.
“Nice things are always there,” the father smiled. “Have a goal. If you don’t have a goal, you won’t set out (出发). But if the goal is the only thing in your mind, you 10 (miss) something nice. So remember: It is important to have a goal in life and enjoy the journey as well.”
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（浙江省宁波市余姚市2024-2025学年九年级上学期期末考试英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Last Sunday, I took part in a marathon (马拉松) race. It was an exciting event that a lot of runners got together and waited 1 (patient) at the starting line.
As the race began, I tried 2 (run) at the same speed. The race was difficult, with different upslopes (上坡) and downhills. Along the way, I could see 3 (volunteer) offering water and energy drinks.
My legs started to hurt halfway, 4 I kept going and recalled all the pain I experienced in the training. There were also strangers 5 encouraged us from the roadsides. Their cheers 6 (support) me a lot.
I paid all my attention 7 the finish line so that I didn’t notice the stone on the road. Suddenly, I 8 (fall) down, but I managed to get up and continued. Finally, I crossed the finish line and completed the race. I sensed 9 unbelievable feeling of achievement. I was 10 (pride) of myself for not giving up and achieving this goal. This marathon experience will stay with me forever and inspire me to take on more challenges in the future.
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（浙江省金华市义乌市七校2024-2025学年九年级上学期期末英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Once there was a relative who offered a man and his three sons two baskets of peaches. One basket of peaches were just ripe (成熟) while the other were already overripe and would go 1 (bad) at once.
The father asked, “Which way of eating can avoid 2 (waste) a peach ”
The eldest son said, “ 3 (certain), we should eat those overripe, for they can’t 4 (keep) for three days.”
“But after you eat up those, the peaches in the other basket will go bad!”, the father was not satisfied 5 the eldest son’s advice.
The second son thought for a while and said, “We should eat the peaches just ripe. Choose the good 6 (one)!”
“If so, won’t the overripe peaches be wasted Don’t you think it is 7 shame ”
The father turned to the youngest son, “ 8 a good idea do you have ”
“I feel,” thinking for a while, the youngest son said, “We’d better mix them together, give some of them to the 9 (neighbor), and let them help us eat, so that we won’t waste a peach at all.”
Hearing this, the father 10 (nod) and said with a smile, “OK. It is really a good way. Then let’s do it in your way.”
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（浙江省宁波市鄞州区2024-2025学年九年级上学期期末考试英语试题）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。
Here’s an amazing story. Back in 1937, Amelia Earhart was one of the most famous 1 (woman) in the world. She was a writer and a fashion designer, but most of all, she was 2 pioneering pilot. Every time she landed her plane, she was met by huge crowds wanting 3 (see) her and congratulate her.
That year, Amelia decided she would go one step further and on June 1, together 4 her partner Fred Noonan, Amelia set off from Miami in her plane, which would be her 5 (big) but final adventure (冒险). The journey was going 6 (good) at first, but on 2nd July, the plane Amelia and Fred flew disappeared 7 they were heading towards Howland Island. The next day, the world awoke to the news that Amelia and Fred had been 8 (miss) into thin air.
After a huge search, no sign of the plane was ever 9 (find). Over the years, many ideas have developed about 10 might happen to the plane. One was that Amelia might land her plane on a tiny island, not far from Howland Island. Scientists have tried a lot but it’s still a mystery.

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