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V + off短语动词
“off” 作介词或副词，本义为 “离开，离去” ，基于此有诸多引申义，与不同动词搭配构成丰富的短语动词，具体如下：
一、off 的含义
本义：离开，离去。例如：The party has been called off.（晚会已经取消了。）
引申义
中断，停止。由 “离开某种事物或行为或状态” 引申而来，如：Let’s break off work and have a cup of tea.（咱们歇一歇，喝杯茶。）
完全，彻底。由 “离开到一定程度” 引申而来，如：When is the wedding coming off （婚礼何时举行？）
二、典型短语 “take off” 分析
核心义：take 带 + off 离开→带…离开…
脱下：带着衣服离开身体，如：He took off his wet coat.（他脱下了湿外套。）
起飞：带着飞机离开跑道，如：The plane took off smoothly.（飞机平稳起飞。）
开始成功，迅速流行：由飞机起飞引申到事业腾飞，如：Her career is just starting to take off.（她的事业刚刚开始腾飞。）
匆匆离开：带着身体离开某地，如：The thief took off down the cliff at a run.（小偷匆匆跑下悬崖。）
请假，休假：带着假期离开工作时间，如：She took two days off work.（她请了两天假。）
模仿：take 带 + off 离开→拿走…的神态并加以运用，如：He can take off his boss perfectly.（他能惟妙惟肖地模仿他的老板。）
三、其他 “V+off” 短语动词
beg off
恳求免除(某种义务)：beg 请求 + off 去掉→请求去掉某种义务，如：He promised to help, but later begged off.（他答应帮忙，但后来请求免除。）
请假：beg 请求 + off 离开→请求离开岗位，如：I’ll have to beg her off, because she’s sick again.（我得帮她请假，因为她又生病了。）
blow off
(被)刮走，吹掉：blow 吹 + off 离开→吹离开，如：The strong wind blew roofs off.（大风把屋顶刮走了。）
(被)炸掉，摧毁：blow 吹 + off 离开→炸药把…吹走，如：The bomb blew the soldier’s leg off.（炸弹炸掉了士兵的腿。）
brush off
(被)刷去，拂去：brush 刷，掸，拂 + off 去掉，如：Please brush that mark off.（请把那个痕迹刷掉。）
不理睬，不愿见(或听)，打发掉：brush 刷，掸，拂 + off 去掉→请求被刷去（比喻义），如：Linda brushed off Alan at the dance.（在舞会上琳达不理睬艾伦。）
buy off：向…行贿，收买。buy 买 + off 离开→出钱使人离开合法状态，如：When the police threatened to stop the gambling business, the owner bought them off.（当警察威胁要取缔赌博生意时，老板贿赂了他们。）
call off：取消。call 叫 + off 离开→叫…离开不再存在，如：The football match was called off because of the snow.（足球比赛因下雪取消了。）
carry off
拿走，夺走，抢走：carry 提 + off 离开→提着…离开，如：After destroying the village the enemy carried off all the cattle.（敌人在摧毁村庄后把所有的牛都抢走了。）
赢得(奖励)，获(奖)：carry 提 + off 离开→提着奖励离开，如：He carried off the Oscar for Best Actor.（他获得了奥斯卡最佳男演员奖。）
cast off：抛弃，丢弃。cast 投，扔 + off 离开→扔掉使其离开，如：When he grows tired of a woman, he just casts her off like an old coat.（当他对一个女人厌倦了，就把她像旧外套一样抛弃。）
clear off：消除(积雪等)障碍，把…拆掉，擦掉，清除。clear 扫清 + off 离开→把…扫开，如：Let’s clear off the table now that dinner is over.（既然晚餐结束了，咱们把桌子收拾一下。）
count off：报数。count 数 + off 离去→一个又一个地数过去，如：The soldiers counted off from right to left.（士兵们从右到左报数。）
cross off/out：划掉，勾销，删去。cross 给…打叉 + off 离开→给…打叉使之离开，如：Cross his name off the list.（把他的名字从名单上划掉。）
dash off
迅速离去：dash 猛冲，飞奔 + off 离去→人猛冲而去，如：The schoolboy dashed off to catch the bus.（这个男学生飞奔去赶公交车。）
迅速写(或画)：dash 猛冲，飞奔 + off 离去→笔尖往前猛冲而去，如：He just dashed the poem off.（他很快就把这首诗写好了。）
die off：相继死去。die 死 + off 离去→一个又一个死去，如：The members of the family had all died off.（这家人都相继去世了。）
drive off：驱车离开，驾车带走，(车等)驶去。drive 驾车 + off 离开，如：The truck drove off early in the morning.（卡车一大早就开走了。）
drop off
下降，减少：drop 落下 + off 离开→落离原来的位置或状态（价位等落离原来的位置），如：Sales have been dropping off badly.（销售额大幅下降。）
(从…)掉下，脱落：东西等落离原来的位置，如：The fruit dropped off the tree.（水果从树上掉了下来。）
(让…)下车，把…放下：人等落离原来在车上的位置，如：Get the driver to drop you off at the Central Station.（让司机在中央车站放你下车。）
睡着，入睡：人等落离原来醒着的状态，如：I felt myself dropping off in the middle of the second act.（第二幕进行到一半我就睡着了。）
ease off/up：减轻，减缓。ease 缓和 + off 离开→缓和让强度逐渐离开，如：Eventually the snow started to ease off.（雪终于开始变小了。）
fall off
(质量等)下降，(数量等)减少：fall 落下 + off 离开→落离原来的位置或状态（数量、质量等落离原来的位置），如：The quality of performance has fallen off since last year.（自去年以来表演质量下降了。）
(从…)掉下，脱落：东西等落离原来的位置，如：My top button has fallen off.（我的最上面那颗纽扣掉了。）
get off
下车：get 使 + off 离开→使人离开车，如：You can take the bus and get off at the second stop.（你可以坐公交车，在第二站下车。）
动身，出发：使人离开所在地，如：We got off after dinner.（我们饭后出发。）
结束(工作)，下班：使人离开工作单位，如：We get off work at 5 o’clock.（我们五点钟下班。）
逃脱惩罚：使人离开惩罚场所，如：His youth got him off.（他因年轻而逃脱了惩罚。）
give off：发出(光、声音等)，散发出(气味)。give 给予 + off 离开→给予光、声音或气味等并使离开，如：Those flowers look pretty but don’t give off a nice smell.（那些花看起来很漂亮，但没有散发出好闻的气味。）
go off
离开，走掉：go 走 + off 离开，如：He went off in a great hurry.（他匆匆离开了。）
爆炸，开火：火药、子弹到处走（形象理解），如：The bomb/gun went off, killing 3 people.（炸弹爆炸/枪开火了，造成3人死亡。）
(警报、闹钟、烟火等)突然响起/燃放：声音、烟火到处走（形象理解），如：My alarm clock went off at 6 a.m.（我的闹钟早上6点响了。）
离开，(疼痛)消失：疼痛离开，走掉，如：The pain went off after three treatments.（经过三次治疗后疼痛消失了。）
(水、电等)中断，停止：水、电等离开，走掉，如：The lights went off.（灯灭了。）
(食物或饮料)变质，变坏：食物或饮料鲜美的味道离开，走掉，如：The milk has gone off because of the heat.（牛奶因为高温变质了。）
入眠，入睡，睡着：清醒的状态离开，走掉，如：The old woman has gone off by the fire.（老妇人在炉火旁睡着了。）
发生，进行：事物停止的状态离开，走掉，如：The performance went off very well.（演出进行得很顺利。）
(质量)下降，滑坡：质量离开，走掉，如：The service in this hotel has really gone off.（这家酒店的服务质量真的下降了。）
不再喜欢，对…不再有兴趣：人离…而去，如：I’ve gone off coffee, so give me some tea.（我不再喜欢咖啡了，给我来点茶。）
hold off
推迟，拖延：hold 使保持 + off 离开→使…保持离开（使事情保持离开），如：The leaders will hold off their decision until Monday.（领导们将把决定推迟到星期一。）
阻止，抵挡住：使事物保持离开，如：We must hold off the enemy’s attack.（我们必须抵挡住敌人的进攻。）
keep off：(使)离开，(使)不接近。keep 保持 + off 离开→保持离开，如：Keep off the grass.（请勿践踏草坪。）
knock off
打掉，敲掉，碰掉：knock 敲，打 + off 离开→敲打某物使之离开，如：She knocked the vase off the table by accident.（她不小心把花瓶从桌子上碰掉了。）
下班，停止(工作)：knock 敲，打 + off 离开→敲打正在做的事使之离开，如：What time do you knock off (work) today （你今天什么时候下班？）
草写出，匆匆作成，迅速而不费力地完成：knock 敲，打 + off 彻底→彻底地把字敲出来，如：She can knock off a novel in a few weeks.（她能在几周内草草写完一部小说。）
laugh off：用笑摆脱，对…一笑了之。laugh 笑 + off 离开→笑使窘境离开，如：This is a mistake that can’t easily be laughed off.（这是一个不能轻易一笑了之的错误。）
lay off
(暂时)解雇：lay 使 + off 离开→使暂时离开，如：The car factory has to lay people off again.（汽车厂不得不再次裁员。）
停止(做某事)：使人离开…，如：Lay off work for a few months.（停工几个月。）
let off
使下(车，船，飞机)：let 让 + off 离开→让…离开（让离开车、船、飞机等），如：Please let me off at next stop.（请让我在下一站下车。）
放过，宽恕：让离开惩罚，如：If you promise not to do it again, I’ll let you off.（如果你保证不再做，我就放过你。）
开(枪)，放(炮、烟火等)，燃放：让子弹、炮火等离开枪膛、炮管等，如：Don’t let those fireworks off indoors.（不要在室内燃放那些烟火。）
lift off：(火箭等)发射，起飞，升空。lift 被举起，升起 + off 离开→升起并离开地面，如：The rocket lifted off on time.（火箭按时发射升空了。）
make off
匆忙离开，逃走：make 使 + off 离开→使…离开，如：The boys made off when we shouted at them.（我们对那些男孩大喊时，他们匆匆逃走了。）
(with)偷走，携…而逃：make 使 + off 离开 + with 带→带…匆忙离开，如：The thieves made off with all our money.（小偷把我们的钱都偷走了。 ）
一、mark off
含义：画出，画线分隔
解析：“mark” 有作记号的意思，“off” 表示离开，作记号使其离开原来状态，即画出、画线分隔。
例句：The area has been marked off for a new stadium.（这片区域已被划出来修建新体育场。）
二、move off
含义：离去，走掉
解析：“move” 是移动，“off” 为离开，移动并离开，就是离去、走掉。
例句：The guard blew his whistle, and the train moved off.（警卫吹响了哨子，火车开走了。）
三、pack off
含义：把…打发走
解析：“pack” 有打包、背负的意思，这里可理解为使带着背包离开，即把…打发走。
例句：The children was packed off to boarding school.（孩子们被送去寄宿学校了。）
四、pass off as
含义：冒充，假装
解析：“pass” 是传递，“off” 离开，“as” 当作，当作真的人或物传递，也就是冒充、假装。
例句：She tried to pass the painting off as an original.（她试图把这幅画冒充为原作。）
五、pick off
核心义：从…中摘离
解析：“pick” 是摘，“off” 离开，从某个事物中摘离出来。
摘掉，剪除：从某植物中摘离，如：She watered the plants and picked off the dead leaves.（她给植物浇了水，摘掉了枯叶。）
逐个地瞄准射中：从射击目标中摘离，如：A gunman picked off the soldiers one by one as they ran for cover.（一名枪手在士兵们寻找掩护时逐个将他们瞄准射中。）
挑选(最佳者)：从备选目标中摘离，如：Several leading British scientists have been picked off by American universities.（几位顶尖的英国科学家被美国大学挖走了。）
六、polish off
含义：(飞快地)完成，迅速吃光/喝干
解析：“polish” 是擦亮，快速擦亮使脏东西离开，引申为飞快地完成某事或迅速吃光、喝干。
例句：The hungry boy polished off the food in no time.（饥饿的男孩很快把食物吃光了。）
七、pull off
扯下，脱去：“pull” 是拉，“off” 离开，拉开使物体离开，即扯下、脱去，如：Here, help me pull these boots off.（来，帮我把这双靴子脱下来。）
(竞赛)获胜，(成功地)完成：跑步时将对手拉开，引申为在竞赛中获胜或成功完成某事，如：The plan was difficult and risky, but we pulled it off.（这个计划既困难又有风险，但我们成功完成了。）
八、put off
核心义：把…放到一边去
推迟，延期：把事情放到一边，就是推迟、延期，如：Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.（今日事，今日毕。）
使…下车：把人放到车的下边，即让某人下车，如：Could you put me off at the Town Hall, please （请让我在市政厅下车好吗？）
阻止，使泄气：把人放到一边，有不重视、阻碍的意味，即阻止、使泄气，如：We are not going to allow a little difficulty like that to put us off.（我们不会让那样的小困难阻碍我们。）
使反感，使不高兴：把人放到一边，不理睬，会使人反感、不高兴，如：He could be a good salesman, but his manner puts customers off.（他本可以成为一名优秀的推销员，但他的态度让顾客反感。）
九、run off
核心义：跑开，跑掉
(使液体)流尽，排出：液体跑掉，就是流尽、排出，如：Why don’t you even run the water off after you had a bath （你洗完澡后为什么甚至都不把水放掉？）
跑掉，逃掉：人跑开，即跑掉、逃掉，如：The thief ran off with my purse.（小偷拿着我的钱包跑掉了。）
印出，复印：纸张等从印刷机跑开，引申为印出、复印，如：Has the article been run off yet （这篇文章印出来了吗？）
十、see off
含义：为…送行
解析：“see” 是看，看着…离去，就是为…送行。
例句：We all went to see her off at the station.（我们都去车站为她送行。）
十一、sell off
含义：廉价出售(存货)
解析：“sell” 是卖，“off” 离开，售出去，进一步引申为廉价出售存货。
例句：The rest of goods will be sold off at greatly reduced prices.（剩余的货物将大幅降价出售。）
十二、send off
含义：邮寄，发送
解析：“send” 是送、发，发出使物体离开，即邮寄、发送。
例句：I’ll send the parcel off early tomorrow morning.（我明天一早会把包裹寄出去。）
十三、set off
出发，起程：“set” 使开始，使人开始离开所在地，即出发、起程，如：They set off in search of the lost child.（他们出发去寻找失踪的孩子。）
使爆炸：使火药等开始离开炮管，引发爆炸，如：They set off the fireworks as soon as it got dark.（天一黑他们就放烟花了。）
激起，引起：使问题等开始离开原有平静状态，从而激起、引起，如：This question set off a heated discussion.（这个问题引发了一场激烈的讨论。）
十四、shake off
核心义：摇动…使之离开
抖落：摇动东西使附着的东西离开，即抖落，如：She shook the snow off (her coat) as she came in.（她进来时把（外套上的）雪抖掉了。）
摆脱：摇动事情使其不再困扰自己，即摆脱，如：The thief ran fast and soon shook off the police.（小偷跑得很快，很快就摆脱了警察。）
十五、shave off
含义：剃掉，刮去
解析：“shave” 是剃、刮，“off” 离开，刮剃使毛发等离开，即剃掉、刮去。
例句：Dad shaves his beard off every morning.（爸爸每天早上都刮胡子。）
十六、sleep off
含义：以睡眠消除(疲劳/疼痛等)
解析：“sleep” 是睡，睡完后使疲劳、疼痛等离开，即以睡眠消除这些不适。
例句：She was sleeping off a headache.（她在睡觉以缓解头痛。）
十七、slice off
(从…上)切下，割下(薄片)：“slice” 是薄片，使薄片离开物体，即从…上切下、割下薄片，如：The butcher sliced off several pieces of meat.（屠夫切下了几块肉。）
将…减少(某数量)，使削减：像使薄片般离开，引申为减少某数量、削减，如：She sliced three seconds off the world record.（她把世界纪录缩短了三秒。）
十八、start off
出发，动身：“start” 是开始，开始离开，即出发、动身，如：They started off at six yesterday.（他们昨天六点出发。）
开始：开始离开原有状态，也就是开始，如：The play starts off with a murder.（这出戏以一场谋杀开始。）
十九、stop off
含义：中途停留
解析：“stop” 是逗留，逗留后再离开，即中途停留。
例句：He stopped off for a few days in Paris to visit his cousins.（他在巴黎中途停留了几天去看望他的表亲。）
二十、strike off
含义：删去，除名
解析：“strike” 是敲击，敲击使某事物离开，引申为删去、除名。
例句：He was struck off for professional misconduct.（他因职业不当行为被除名。）
二十一、swear off
含义：保证戒掉，放弃
解析：“swear” 是发誓，发誓使自己离开某种行为或事物，即保证戒掉、放弃。
例句：He’s sworn off alcohol.（他已发誓戒酒。）
二十二、tail off
含义：变得越来越少(或小、弱)
解析：“tail” 是尾部，尾部部分逐渐离开，意味着整体在减少、变小或变弱。
例句：Her enthusiasm has tailed off.（她的热情减退了。）
二十三、take off（重复出现，补充不同语境例句）
核心义：带…离开…
脱下：带着衣服离开身体，如：He took off his wet shoes.（他脱下了湿鞋子。）
起飞：带着飞机离开跑道，如：The plane took off smoothly.（飞机平稳起飞。）
开始成功，迅速流行：由飞机起飞引申到事业腾飞，如：Her career is just starting to take off.（她的事业刚刚起步并开始成功。）
匆匆离开：带着身体离开某地，如：He took off down the corridor at a run.（他跑着匆匆离开了走廊。）
请假，休假：带着假期离开工作时间，如：She took two days off work.（她请了两天假。）
模仿：拿走…的神态并加以运用，如：He can take off his boss perfectly.（他能惟妙惟肖地模仿他的老板。）
二十四、tear off
含义：(猛地)撕下，拽掉
解析：“tear” 是撕，“off” 离开，撕离，即猛地撕下、拽掉。
例句：The cover of the magazine has been torn off.（杂志的封面被撕掉了。）
二十五、tell off
责备：“tell” 是告诉，叫…离开、叫…滚，引申为责备，如：We were told off for being late.（我们因为迟到被责备了。）
分派，指派：“tell” 有吩咐、命令的意思，吩咐/命令…离开去做某事，即分派、指派，如：The smartest men were told off for guard duty at Government House.（最聪明的人被派去总督府站岗。）
二十六、throw off
摆脱：“throw” 是投、扔，扔掉使不再受其束缚，即摆脱，如：The patient slowly threw off the effects of the illness.（病人慢慢摆脱了疾病的影响。）
匆忙脱下：把衣服从身上扔掉，即匆忙脱下，如：He threw off his coat and started work.（他匆忙脱下外套开始工作。）
毫不费力地写出：随便扔出文章，引申为毫不费力地写出，如：He threw off a few articles for the magazine.（他为杂志轻松地写了几篇文章。）
二十七、tip off
事先给警告(或暗示)：“tip” 有忠告的意思，忠告离开言者，即事先给警告或暗示，如：He tipped me off that the building was for sale.（他事先告诉我那栋楼要出售。）
告密，向…泄露消息：“tip” 理解为密报，密报离开言者，即告密、泄露消息，如：The police were tipped off about the bank robbery.（警方得到了有关银行抢劫的密报。）
二十八、wash off
含义：(被)洗掉，冲掉
解析：“wash” 是洗，洗刷使某物离去，即被洗掉、冲掉。
例句：Please wash the mud off your boots before you come in.（进来前请把靴子上的泥洗掉。）
二十九、wear off
磨掉，擦掉：“wear” 是磨损，东西磨损后使其离开，即磨掉、擦掉，如：Time and weather have worn off the name on the gravestone.（时间和天气磨掉了墓碑上的名字。）
(感觉或效果)逐渐消失：事物磨损后使其代表的感觉或效果离开，即逐渐消失，如：The effects of the medicines slowly wore off.（药物的效果慢慢消失了。）
三十、wipe off
(从…上)擦掉，抹去：“wipe” 是擦、抹，擦掉使某物离去，即从…上擦掉、抹去，如：He wiped the paint off with a piece of cloth.（他用一块布把油漆擦掉了。）
(从磁带或录像带上)抹掉，清除：擦掉音像使离去，即从磁带或录像带上抹掉、清除，如：He wiped the conversation off the tape.（他把磁带上的对话抹掉了。）
降低(尤指股票)的价值：擦掉价值使离去，即降低价值，如：Over 2 billion was wiped off share values worldwide today.（今天全球股票价值缩水超过20亿英镑。）
消除，除掉：擦掉使其不存在，即消除、除掉，如：Wipe that smile off your face!（别笑了！）
work off
含义：(通过消耗体力)消除，去除
解析：“work” 意为工作，使身体器官工作起来，“off” 表示离开，即通过体力活动使某种情绪或状态离开 。
例句：A game of badminton will help me work off my anger.（一场羽毛球比赛能帮我消消气。）
write off
含义：取消，注销，勾销(债务等)
解析：“write” 是写，写下让相关事物离开，引申为取消、注销 。
例句：The debt has been written off.（这笔债务已被勾销。）
break off
含义：突然停止，中断
解析：“break” 有打破的意思，打破正在进行的状态使之中断 。
例句：He broke off in the middle of his story.（他讲故事讲到一半突然停了下来。）
cut off
含义：切断，阻断
解析：“cut” 是切、割，切断正在连接的事物 。
例句：Our water supply has been cut off again.（我们的供水又被切断了。）
leave off
含义：停止，中断
解析：“leave” 是离开，离开正在进行的事情使之停止 。
例句：We leave off work at five o'clock.（我们五点钟下班。）
ring off
含义：挂断电话
解析：“ring” 表示打电话，中断正在进行的通话 。
例句：I’ll have to ring off now.（我现在得挂断电话了。）
sign off
(使)脱离关系，解雇，辞职：“sign” 是签名，离职时签名离开原关系，如：She decided to sign off and go into business by herself.（她决定辞职自己创业。）
停止/结束广播：“sign” 作为信号，信号中断即停止广播，如：The local station signs off at midnight.（当地电台在午夜结束广播。）
switch off
含义：关掉
解析：“switch” 是转换，转换设备状态使之中断运行 。
例句：The light’s too bright. Could you switch it off （灯太亮了。你能把它关掉吗？）
turn off
关掉：“turn” 表示旋转，旋转开关等使设备中断运行，如：Your mother wants you to turn the TV off and come for dinner.（你妈妈想让你关掉电视来吃晚饭。）
拐弯，离开…转入另一公路：转动方向盘使车离开原方向，如：Turn off highway at exit 5.（在5号出口驶离高速公路。）
(使)失去兴趣，使倒胃口，使不再喜欢：对事物失去兴趣从而 “离开” 对它的喜爱，如：That movie really turned me off.（那部电影真的让我倒胃口。）
block off
含义：封锁，封闭
解析：“block” 是堵塞，彻底地堵塞 。
例句：The road to the school was blocked off by the police.（通往学校的路被警察封锁了。）
bring off
含义：使实现，做成
解析：“bring” 是带来，完全带来预期的结果 。
例句：He brought off a big business deal.（他做成了一笔大生意。）
come off
掉下，脱落：“come” 表示开始，开始离开原来附着的地方，如：A button has come off my coat.（我外套上的一颗纽扣掉了。）
举行，进行：活动等完全到来并开展，如：When does the concert come off （音乐会什么时候举行？）
实现，成功：计划之事完全达成，如：His plans haven’t come off.（他的计划没有成功。）
cool off
(使)变凉，冷却：“cool” 是冷却，使热量离开，如：Some rain would cool us off.（下点雨会让我们凉快些。）
(使)冷静下来：冷却使怒气、兴奋等情绪离开，如：His quiet advice cooled them off a little.（他温和的建议使他们冷静了一些。）
失去兴趣，失去热情：冷却使兴趣、热情离开，如：She has cooled off about him, I think.（我觉得她对他已经失去兴趣了。）
finish off
含义：做完(工作)，结束，完成
解析：“finish” 是结束，完全结束工作等 。
例句：He finished the work off yesterday.（他昨天完成了这项工作。）
kick off
(足球)开球：“kick” 是踢，完全踢开球赛的起始，如：John kicked off and the football match started.（约翰开球，足球比赛开始了。）
开始(某活动)：由足球开球引申为活动开始，如：The match is due to kick off at 3:00.（比赛定于3点开始。）
kill off
含义：消灭，杀光
解析：“kill” 是杀死，完全杀死 。
例句：Hunters have killed off all the large animals in this country.（猎人把这个国家的大型动物都杀光了。）
level off/out
(转而)做水平运动：“level” 使变平坦，完全变平坦后做水平运动，如：The plane levelled off at 10,000 feet.（飞机在10000英尺高度转为水平飞行。）
(升或跌之后)呈平稳状态：经济增长等变平坦后呈平稳状态，如：Economic growth has started to level off.（经济增长开始趋于平稳。）
live off
含义：依赖…生活
解析：完全靠某事物生活 。
例句：She still lives off her parents.（她仍然靠父母生活。）
pair off/up
含义：(使)成对，(使)配对
解析：“pair” 是一对，彻底地组成一对 。
例句：The students have been paired off for the purpose of the exercise.（为了做练习，学生们已经配对好了。）
pass off
含义：(疼痛等)终止，停止
解析：“pass” 有终止、消失的意思，疼痛等完全消失 。
例句：Has the pain passed off yet （疼痛停止了吗？）
pay off
还清：“pay” 是支付，完全支付欠款，如：Soon they had paid off the loan.（不久他们就还清了贷款。）
付清工资解雇(某人)：支付工资后让某人离开工作岗位，如：When the building was completed, he paid off the laborers.（大楼完工后，他付清工资解雇了工人。）
向…行贿：给予钱物等让其偏离原则，如：Do you think you can pay him off （你认为你能贿赂他吗？）
有利可图，使得到好处，取得成功：完全有利、值得，如：The deal will pay off. I’m sure.（我确信这笔交易将会有回报。）
play off
(平局后为决出胜负)进行加赛，进行决胜比赛：“play” 是比赛，彻底地进行比赛分出胜负，如：Leeds and Liverpool play off tomorrow.（利兹队和利物浦队明天进行决胜比赛。）
play off against
含义：使相斗，挑拨离间
解析：玩耍某人使其与他人相对立 。
例句：She likes to play one person off against another.（她喜欢挑拨离间。）
seal off
含义：封闭，封锁
解析：“seal” 是封，彻底地封住 。
例句：Police sealed off all the exits from the building.（警方封锁了大楼的所有出口。）
show off
含义：炫耀(能力、财富等)，卖弄
解析：“show” 是展示，彻底地展示以炫耀 。
例句：He always shows off his new suit.（他总是炫耀他的新西装。）
shut off
含义：切断(水、电等)，关掉，(使)停止运转
解析：“shut” 是关、闭，彻底地关闭 。
例句：The water supply was shut off for two whole days.（供水被切断了整整两天。）
square off
把…做成方形：“square” 是方形，彻底地形成方形，如：If you can square the parcel off somehow, it will be easier to wrap.（如果你能把包裹弄成方形，包装起来就会更容易。）
(打斗等时)摆好(架势)：打斗时形成对峙的 “方形” 态势，如：The two boxers squared off as the bell rang.（铃声一响，两个拳击手就摆好架势。）
touch off
使爆炸，引发，点燃(鞭炮)：彻底触动炸药等使其爆炸，如：A spark touched off the gunpowder.（一颗火星引爆了火药。）
引起，触发：彻底触动事情引发后续发展，如：His remark touched off an argument.（他的话引发了一场争论。）
故事法巧记短语
### 故事一：小镇的集市风波
In a small town, there was a lively weekly market where people from all around came to buy and sell goods. One sunny morning, Tom, a young and energetic boy, decided to go to the market with his mother.
As they walked through the crowded market, Tom was excited to see all the colorful stalls. Suddenly, he noticed a beautiful toy on one of the stalls. He begged his mother to buy it for him, but she said they didn't have enough money. Tom was disappointed but didn't give up. He tried to think of a way to get the toy.
Just then, he saw a man selling balloons. An idea struck him. He dashed off (迅速离去) to the man and asked if he could help sell balloons in exchange for the toy. The man was surprised but agreed. Tom started selling balloons with all his might. He called out to people passing by, "Get your balloons here!"
However, not everyone was friendly. A group of older boys came along and started to pick on (找…岔子，对…唠叨指责) Tom. They laughed off (用笑摆脱，对…一笑了之) his efforts and tried to push him around. But Tom didn't let them put him off (阻止，使泄气). He stood his ground and continued selling balloons.
Finally, he sold enough balloons to earn the money for the toy. He proudly walked over to the stall and bought the toy he wanted. His mother was very proud of him and praised him for his determination. As they were leaving the market, Tom saw one of the boys who had bullied him earlier drop his wallet. Without hesitation, Tom picked it up and ran off (跑掉，逃掉) to return it to the boy. This act of kindness made the boy feel ashamed, and he apologized to Tom.
On their way home, Tom and his mother talked about what had happened. Tom learned that it was important to stay positive and not be discouraged by difficulties. He also realized that being kind could change people's attitudes. That day at the market became a memorable experience for Tom, teaching him valuable lessons about perseverance and kindness.
**中文翻译**：在一个小镇上，每周都有一个热闹的集市，周围的人都会来这里买卖货物。一个阳光明媚的早晨，充满活力的小男孩汤姆决定和妈妈一起去集市。
当他们穿过拥挤的集市时，汤姆看到那些五颜六色的摊位，兴奋不已。突然，他在一个摊位上看到了一个漂亮的玩具。他恳求妈妈给他买下来，但妈妈说他们钱不够。汤姆很失望，但并没有放弃。他绞尽脑汁想办法得到那个玩具。
就在这时，他看到一个男人在卖气球。他灵机一动，迅速跑到男人那里，问是否可以帮忙卖气球来换那个玩具。男人很惊讶，但还是同意了。汤姆开始全力卖气球。他向路过的人大声喊道：“快来买气球啊！”
然而，并不是所有人都很友好。一群大一点的男孩走过来，开始找汤姆的茬。他们对汤姆的努力一笑了之，还想欺负他。但汤姆没有被他们吓倒，他坚守阵地，继续卖气球。
最后，他卖了足够多的气球，赚到了买玩具的钱。他骄傲地走到摊位前，买下了自己心仪的玩具。妈妈为他感到非常骄傲，称赞他有决心。当他们离开集市时，汤姆看到之前欺负他的一个男孩掉了钱包。汤姆毫不犹豫地捡起钱包，跑过去把钱包还给了那个男孩。他的善举让那个男孩感到羞愧，男孩向汤姆道了歉。
在回家的路上，汤姆和妈妈谈论着发生的事情。汤姆明白了保持积极心态、不被困难打倒的重要性。他也意识到善良可以改变人们的态度。那天在集市上的经历让汤姆难忘，也让他学到了关于毅力和善良的宝贵一课。
### 故事二：神秘的森林探险
A group of adventurous friends decided to explore a mysterious forest on the outskirts of their town. They packed their backpacks with food, water, and camping gear and set off (出发，起程) early in the morning.
As they entered the forest, they were amazed by the beautiful scenery. The tall trees seemed to touch the sky, and the sunlight filtered through the leaves. They walked along the path, chatting and laughing. But soon, they realized they were lost.
Tom, the leader of the group, tried to find their way back using a map, but it didn't seem to work. They were starting to get worried. Just then, they heard a strange noise in the distance. It sounded like an animal, but they couldn't tell what it was. They decided to be cautious and keep off (（使）离开，（使）不接近) the area where the noise was coming from.
As they were walking, they came across a river. The water was flowing fast, and they didn't know how to cross it. One of the friends, Jack, suggested they build a raft. They found some logs and tied them together to make a raft. With some effort, they managed to get the raft into the water and started to cross the river.
However, halfway across, the raft hit a rock and started to break apart. They were all scared but managed to hold on. Luckily, they were close to the other side, and they swam the rest of the way. After they got off (下车，这里指上岸) the river, they were relieved but wet and cold.
They found a dry place to rest and decided to make a fire to warm themselves up. But they realized they had left their matches at home. Just when they thought things couldn't get any worse, Tom remembered he had a magnifying glass in his backpack. He used the magnifying glass to focus the sunlight and managed to light a fire.
As night fell, they set up their tents and cooked some food. They were all exhausted but happy to be safe. During the night, they heard some strange noises again, but they were too tired to investigate. In the morning, they woke up early and decided to head back home. They followed a different path and finally managed to find their way out of the forest.
When they got back to town, they couldn't wait to tell their friends about their amazing adventure. They learned a lot about teamwork and problem - solving during their trip, and they all agreed it was an experience they would never forget.
**中文翻译**：一群爱冒险的朋友决定去探索小镇郊外一片神秘的森林。他们把食物、水和露营装备装进背包，一大早就出发了。
进入森林后，他们被美丽的景色震撼了。高大的树木仿佛直插云霄，阳光透过树叶洒下。他们沿着小路走着，有说有笑。但很快，他们意识到自己迷路了。
队伍的领队汤姆试图用地图找到回去的路，但似乎不管用。他们开始担心起来。就在这时，他们听到远处传来奇怪的声音。听起来像是某种动物发出的，但他们不确定是什么。他们决定小心行事，远离声音传来的区域。
走着走着，他们遇到了一条河。水流湍急，他们不知道如何过河。其中一个朋友杰克建议做一个木筏。他们找了些原木，把它们绑在一起做成了木筏。费了一番功夫，他们把木筏推下水，开始过河。
然而，划到河中间时，木筏撞到了一块石头，开始散开。他们都很害怕，但还是紧紧抓住木筏。幸运的是，他们离对岸已经很近了，于是游完了剩下的路程。上岸后，他们松了一口气，但浑身湿透又很冷。
他们找了个干燥的地方休息，决定生火取暖。但他们发现把火柴忘在家里了。就在他们觉得事情糟透了的时候，汤姆想起背包里有一个放大镜。他用放大镜聚焦阳光，成功生起了火。
夜幕降临，他们搭起帐篷，煮了些食物。他们都疲惫不堪，但能安全无事让他们很开心。夜里，他们又听到了奇怪的声音，但太累了，没有去查看。早上，他们早早醒来，决定回家。他们沿着一条不同的路走，终于走出了森林。
回到镇上后，他们迫不及待地向朋友们讲述这次奇妙的冒险。在这次旅行中，他们学到了很多团队合作和解决问题的方法，都认为这是一次难忘的经历。
### 故事三：校园的戏剧表演
In the school, there was a big event - the annual drama performance. All the students were looking forward to it. Lily, a talented girl, was chosen to play the lead role in the play. She was very excited but also a little nervous.
She started to prepare for the performance early. She read the script again and again, trying to understand her character better. She worked hard to memorize all the lines and practiced her acting skills every day. Her friends cheered her on (为…鼓劲，向…喝彩) and helped her whenever she needed it.
As the day of the performance drew closer, Lily was getting more and more nervous. She was worried that she might forget her lines or make a mistake on stage. But she didn't let her nerves put her off (阻止，使泄气). She kept practicing and believed in herself.
On the day of the performance, the auditorium was filled with students and teachers. Lily took a deep breath and walked onto the stage. As soon as the play started, she got into character and began to act. Her performance was so good that the audience was completely drawn in. They watched intently, their eyes focused on (（眼睛、相机等）注视，聚焦) her every move.
However, during the middle of the play, something unexpected happened. Lily accidentally dropped her prop. She was startled for a moment but quickly recovered. She managed to laugh off (用笑摆脱，对…一笑了之) the mistake and continued with the performance as if nothing had happened. Thanks to her quick thinking and excellent acting skills, the audience didn't even notice the mistake.
The play went off (发生，进行) very well, and at the end, the audience erupted into thunderous applause. Lily and the other actors took a bow and left the stage. They were all very happy and proud of their performance.
After the performance, the teachers and students congratulated Lily on her great acting. She was so excited that she couldn't stop smiling. This performance was a great success for her, and it also made her more confident. She learned that with hard work and determination, she could overcome any difficulties. From then on, she became more interested in acting and decided to take part in more drama activities in the future.
**中文翻译**：学校里有一件大事——一年一度的戏剧表演。所有学生都期待着这场表演。莉莉是一个很有才华的女孩，她被选中在剧中扮演主角。她既兴奋又有点紧张。
她早早地开始为表演做准备。她一遍又一遍地研读剧本，试图更好地理解自己的角色。她努力背诵所有台词，每天都练习表演技巧。每当她需要帮助时，朋友们都会为她加油打气并伸出援手。
随着表演的日子越来越近，莉莉变得越来越紧张。她担心自己可能会忘词或者在舞台上出错。但她没有让紧张情绪影响自己，而是坚持练习，相信自己。
表演那天，礼堂里坐满了学生和老师。莉莉深吸一口气，走上舞台。演出一开始，她就进入了角色，开始表演。她的表演非常出色，观众完全被吸引住了。他们专注地看着，目光聚焦在她的每一个动作上。
然而，表演进行到一半时，意外发生了。莉莉不小心把道具掉了。她愣了一下，但很快回过神来。她巧妙地用笑容化解了这个失误，继续表演，就好像什么都没发生过一样。多亏了她的机智和出色的表演技巧，观众甚至都没有注意到这个失误。
演出进行得非常顺利，结束时，观众爆发出雷鸣般的掌声。莉莉和其他演员鞠躬后离开了舞台。他们都为自己的表演感到非常开心和自豪。
表演结束后，老师和同学们都祝贺莉莉出色的表演。她兴奋得合不拢嘴。这次表演对她来说是巨大的成功，也让她更加自信。她明白了只要努力和有决心，就能克服任何困难。从那以后，她对表演更感兴趣了，决定未来参加更多的戏剧活动。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）

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