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(共26张PPT)
Unit 3 Family matters
Using language
观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能与构成:
1. Grandfather and Father, seated at the table, are playing chess.
句1时态为“___________”。
2. Lawyers help people and are respected by others.
句2时态为“___________”。
3. . . . you said that you wanted to be a professional football player.
句3时态为“___________”。
4. . . . you have found the career that suits your talents.
句4时态为“___________”。
5. . . . you will have two options for your future.
句5时态为“___________”
现在进行时
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在完成时
一般将来时
观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能与构成:
1. “___________”。表示正在进行或发生的动作：be(am，is，are)+doing
2. “___________”。表示经常或习惯性发生的动作：1)be动词作谓语(三单)
2)行为动词作谓语(非三单用动词原形)
3. “___________”。表示过去某个时刻发生的动作或状态：1)be动词过去式(was, were) 2)行为动词过去式（V-ed）
4.“___________”。表示过去的动作或状态持续到现在或对现在造成的影响或结果。1.三单：has+done动词过去式 2.非三单：have+done动词过去式
5. “___________”表示将来某一时刻发生的动作。1.will/shall+V原型
2.be going to +V原型
现在进行时
一般现在时
一般过去时
现在完成时
一般将来时
　　英语中不同时间和方式发生的动作或状态要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示, 这种表示动作或状态发生时间和方式的动词形式称作动词时态。
一、一般现在时
1. 一般现在时的构成
(1)be动词(am, is, are)作谓语
(2)行为动词(动词原形或第三人称单数形式)作谓语
3. 一般现在时的用法:
(1)表示经常性、习惯性的动作或状态
I leave home for school at 7 o’clock every morning.
我每天早晨七点钟离开家去学校。
(2)表示主语目前所处的状态、个性特征、能力等。
I love to get together with my friends.
我喜欢和我的朋友们在一起。
(3)表示客观存在或普遍真理
The earth moves around the sun.
太阳围着地球转。
(4)表示按规定、计划等预计要发生的动作，只限于go, come, leave, start, arrive, return, begin, take off等动词或词组。
The train leaves at 7: 25 this evening.
火车今晚7: 25开。
(5)由when, after, before, as soon as, until, if, unless等引导的时间、条件、让步状语从句中, 常用一般现在时代替一般将来时
We’ll go to have a picnic tomorrow unless it rains.
我们明天去野餐, 除非天下雨。
【要点提示】 语法填空
(1)He always ______ (sleep) with the windows open.
(3)I learned that the earth ____ (go) around the sun when I was in primary school.
(4)They will come if he ______ (invite)them.
sleeps
goes
invites
二、现在进行时
1. 现在进行时的构成
be (am, is, are)+doing
2. 现在进行时的用法:
(1)表示说话时正在发生的动作或存在的状态, 常和now, right now, at the moment等时间状语及动词look, listen等连用。
All the classmates are reviewing the lesson in the classroom now.
所有的同学正在教室里复习功课。
(2)表示现阶段正在发生的事情，常与时间状语at present, these days, nowadays等连用。
How are you getting on with your study these days
近来你的学习怎样
(3)表示反复出现或习惯性的动作，常与always, forever, constantly, all the time等搭配使用，隐含说话人的赞扬、喜好或厌恶等情绪。
She is aways helping people.(赞扬)
她总是乐于助人。
(4)表示按计划或安排即将发生的事，动词go, come, start, begin, move, win, leave,take off(起飞), see off（瞬间动词）等可用现在进行时表将来。
He is coming.
他要来了。
【要点提示】语法填空
(1)These days we __________ (help)the farmers work on the farm.
(2)Lily ________ (leave)tonight. we had better send her off.
(3)Listen! Our English teacher ________ (sing) the popular English song.
are helping
is leaving
is singing
三、一般过去时
1. 一般过去时的构成
行为动词过去式或be动词过去式(was, were)作谓语
一般过去时的用法
(1)表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。常与表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday, last week, tow years ago, a moment ago等。
He bought the computer five years ago.
(2)表示过去一段时间经常发生或习惯性的动作，常与often, usually, sometimes等表示频度的副词连用。
When I was in the countryside, I often walked by the riverside.
我在乡下时经常在河边散步。
(3)在时间，条件(if, unless)、让步(though, even though)、方式(as, as if)等状语从句中可用一般过去时表示过去将来的动作。
He said h would buy some presents for me if he went there.
他说如果他去那儿的话，他将给我买些礼物。
【要点提示】 语法填空
(1)(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)The 80, 000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for
example, _______ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in
1759.
(2)(2019·全国卷Ⅱ)And the other was that I _______ (want)to help people in need.
(3)(2019·全国卷Ⅲ)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and _____________
(recommend) wonderful places to eat.
formed
wanted
recommended
四、一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，也表示将来经常或反复发生的动作，常常与表示将来的时间状语连用，常用的时间副词有：tomorrow, tomorrow morning, next+时间等。
一般将来时的构成及用法
1、will/shall+动词原形(do)
用来表示单纯的将来的安排和打算（将要发生的动作或存在的状态）在口语中，will用于所有人称，书面语中第一人称用shall(I, We)
I’ll go and see her on sunday.
我星期天要去看她。
2、be going to+动词原形(do)：表示近期或事先考虑过的将要发生的动作以及已有迹象表明必将发生的某事，以为“打算，就要”。
（1）表示打算或按计划、安排要做的事
I am going to visit the volunteers this evening.
我打算今晚去拜访那些志愿者们。
（2）表示根据某种迹象认为在最近或将要发生的事。
Look at these clouds. It looks as if it is going to rain.
看看这些乌云，看起来要下雨了。
【要点提示】(1)语法填空
①We _________(leave) for London next Monday.
②I am afraid there ______(be) a meeting this afternoon. I can’t join you.
③If you ask him, he ________(help)you.
(2)I feel terrible. I think ________________.
我感觉很难受。我想我要生病了。
shall leave
will be
will help
I am going to be ill
五、现在完成时
1. 现在完成时的构成:
has/have+done
2. 现在完成时的用法
(1)表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果, 常被just, already, yet, never, recently等副词修饰。
Have you heard from your brother recently
你最近收到你兄弟的来信了吗
(2)表示发生在过去，从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。常带有for和since以及in the past, last few years, over the past years等表示一段时间的状语。
We have learned English for eight years.
我们学英语八年了。
（3）表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作，现在成为一种经验，常常有once, twice, three times, ever, never, before等时间状语。
I have been to Beijing twice.
我去过北京两次。
【要点提示】语法填空
(1)I’m sorry. I _____________(forget) your name.
(2)He _________(teach) in this school for 20 years.
(3)I don’t see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family
and all the friends I __________(make) over the years.
(4)(2018·北京高考)China’s high-speed railways __________(grow) from 9, 000 to
25, 000 kilometers in the past few years.
have forgotten
has taught
have made
have grown
【知识延伸】
现在完成时和一般过去时的区别
(1)现在完成时强调的是过去的动作对现在的影响, 它和现在有密切的联系。
(2)一般过去时强调的是动作发生的时间、地点, 不涉及对现在的影响。
She has seen the film before.
她之前看过这部电影了。(强调她已经看过了)
She saw the film last night.
她昨晚看了这部电影。
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. My brother _____ (play) football quite well, but he ____________(not play) it
since last year.
2. Hurry up, Peter! The taxi _________(wait) for us at the gate of the hotel.
3. This is the first time I _________(come) to Chengdu and I am deeply impressed
with its delicious food.
4. He is going to visit his grandparents as soon as he ______ (arrive) in Beijing.
5. The teacher told us that light ______ (travel) faster than sound.
6. We _____ (go) to the cinema last night. The film ____ (be) very good.
学情诊断·课堂测评
plays
hasn’t played
is waiting
have come
arrives
travels
went
was
7. —I thought I had reminded you to take out the rubbish.
—Oh, I forgot. I ______(do) it right now.
8. This song sounds very pleasant. Let’s go upstairs and see who ________ (sing).
9. This is the third time that he _______(win) the English speech contest.
10. The ship ______ (leave) the port at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning.
will do
is singing
has won
leaves

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