资源简介

谓语与非谓语
一个简单句 只能有 个谓语动词
谓语动词是指能看得出来 主语发出动作的 和 的动词
找出谓语动词并变成被动句。
He cleans his room every day. His room by him every day.
He cleans his room yesterday. His room by him yesterday.
He has cleaned his room already. His room by him already.
He will clean his room in an hour. His room by him in an hour.
He is cleaning his room now. His room by him now
He was cleaning his room at that time yesterday. His room by him at that time yesterday.
动名词易混点
作形式主语 It is no good asking him for help.
作表语时，主语表语可以互换。 His hobby is going fish.
否定形式, 在动名词 + not . 不锻炼对身体有害。
被动形式
因为飞得快，这只鸟避免了被抓捕。
没有人喜欢被嘲笑
对音乐感兴趣令我能在空闲时间享受自己
所有格+动名词 物主代词+动名词
你介意我的播放音乐吗？
Tom 的早起令所有人都很吃惊。
你听说了 Mary的赢得比赛吗？
作定语 表示 用途 阅读室 游泳池 安眠药
动词不定式 易混点
作目的状语
为了成为一名音乐家，Gina 每天花费很多时间练习音乐
作表语 常表示一次性的动作
他的计划就是这周去爬山
形式主语
帮助处在困难中的人是必要的
犯了这么多的错误对他来说是粗心的
作定语 放在名词后，表示有待实现的动作
他成为宇航员的梦想一直鼓舞他努力学习。
我们正在制作去欧洲旅行的计划
拓展： only to do 表示意料之外的结果。
He hurried to the train station, only to find the train had left.
Lisa opened her fridge, only to find there was nothing.
作补语：
Our teacher told us not to play by the river.
The news prevented me (from) travelling in the country.
判断划线部分动词是否是谓语动词
On the afternoon of March 23rd, 2022, taikonauts（中国宇航员）gave a science lesson 400 kilometers above Earth.
We all love our phones, but using them too much can cause problems.
He puts himself in the other person's place, and he tries to think of ways to be helpful.
Many teens feel nervous when they don't have their phones nearby.
A good way to use your phone less is to pick a special time each day.
Keoni's class was discussing a story about a fox who was punished for stealing nuts from an old man's house.
When the first Europeans began sailing to Iceland centuries ago, space in their boats was not enough, so they only brought their best horses.
Since technology tends to be expensive at first, AI kitchens are just welcomed in restaurants and other businesses.
However, cooking, which helps us feel grateful, creative, and connected, is more than just making food.
Too much homework results in less sleep, more stress and having a bad influence on my school performance because everyone knows that no good sleep leads to no good grades.
But being taught how to do something by a piece of paper just isn't the same as being taught by an actual human being.
思考：动名词和不定式能作谓语吗？
动名词和不定式都 属于谓语动词，因不能满足看出动作发出的 和 两个条件
它们是 谓语动词
谓语动词的第三种：现在分词, 形式: 表示动作正在进行
修饰名词作定语时sleeping dog sleeping medicine
且：动名词短语作定语位于名词之后
正在下落的叶子： 正在发展的国家 ： 正在迅速发展的国家 ：
a dog that is sleeing on the floor = a dog sleeing on the floor
a volunteer who works for the sports meeting = a volunteer working for the sports meeting
Thanks to the lesson, teenagers living on the “roof（屋脊）of the world” are also interested in space science more.
作表语时，His job is fishing. 动名词 和主语互换，The moive is interesting 现在分词 和主语互换。
现在分词作伴随状语：
Jimmy is sitting on the sofa and reading a newspaper.
Jimmy is sitting on the sofa ，reading a newspaper. reading是 谓语，表示 ，是
小男孩走上楼，手里拿着一个玩具。 __________________________________
学生们阅读书本，做着笔记。__________________________________
现在分词作结果状语:
The new machine will work faster, and it will reduce our cost.
The new machine will work faster, reducing our cost. reducing是 谓语，表示 ，是
全世界的人都唱这首歌，使它流行了起来。__________________________________
河变得越来越脏，使鱼儿失去了家园。__________________________________
难点：
①做时间状语, 相当于when, while, before等引导的时间状语从句。
When they heard the news, they got excited.
=When ______ the news, they got excited.
= ______ the news, they got excited.
While I was doing my homework, I received a message.
=While ______my homework, I received a message.
= ______my homework, I received a message.
When I got an A in my test, I felt so proud.
=__________________________________
=__________________________________
When walking in the street, I met an old friend.
=__________________________________, I met an old friend.
When sleeping in the tree, the monkey heard a scream.
=__________________________________,the monkey heard a scream.
在到达旅馆的时候，Sam 发现手机丢了。
________________________________________________________________
在听这首歌前，我正在看一部电影。
________________________________________________________________
在知道比赛结果时，Tina 感到很沮丧。
______________________________________________________________
翻译：While watching the science lesson from the Tiangong-1 on the morning of June 20th, 2013, Wang Lutian, a 10-year-old disabled student at a special school in downtown Beijing, was drawing a colorful rocket with crayons（蜡笔）in his classroom.
注意： 做时间状语时，现在分词必须和主语是同一人或物。
When the policeman caught the thief, the theif was eating noodles.
When catching the thief, the theif was eating noodles.
When he told me the story, I was moved.
When telling me the story, I was moved.
②作条件状语, 相当于if, unless等引导的条件状语从句。
If you work hard, you will make great progress.
=________________________, you will make great progress.
If you ride to school, you can make a difference to our environment.
=________________________,you can make a difference to our environment.
如果Mike 说的更少，做得更多， 他就能更加优秀。______________________________________________
如果吃更多的蔬菜和水果，我们就能更健康。______________________________________________
③作原因状语, 相当于because, since, as等引导的原因状语从句。
Because he loves smoking, he hardly has friends.
=________________________ , he hardly has friends.
Because many students are interested in science, they decide to make up a science group.
=________________________ ,many students decide to make up a science group.
因为我起晚了，我迟到了。
________________________________________________
因为我和别人在许多方面有共同之处，我有许多朋友。
________________________________________________
作让步状语,相当于though, although, even if等引导的让步状语从句。
Being tired, they still went on working.
=_________________________, they still went on working.
尽管我对物理感兴趣，我在学习它时仍然很困难。
________________________________________________
尽管我和别人在许多方面不同，我仍然有许多朋友。
________________________________________________
作目的状语
现在分词作目的状语往往放于句尾，且与主句间用逗号隔开。
He stood up, hugged his parents, and smiled, trying not to let his emotions get the better of him.
Jim每天锻炼，去让自己变得更加有力量。
________________________________________________
我去当养老院当志愿者，去传递爱给老人。
________________________________________________
三、动词-ing作补语
①现在分词在感官动词后作宾语补足语：
在see, watch, notice, hear, listen feel, find等感官动词后，现在分词构成宾补，表示一个主动进行的动作。过去分词构成宾补，表示被动完成的动作。do表示动作的全过程或经常性的动作
结构公式(以see为例): see+宾语+doing/done/do → be seen+doing/done/to do
I heard her___________(sing) an English song when I passed by.
Henry found himself__________(carry) out to sea by a strong wind.
②现在分词在使役动词have, keep, get, leave后作宾语补足语
表示‘让...一直’，否定句中也可以表示‘不容许某人做某事’
keep/leave+宾语+doing(主动且持续进行）/done(被动)
It’s cold. We should have the fire___________(burn) all the time.
I can’t leave such an important thing__________(undo)
总结： 非谓语包括： ________________________________
动名词发挥_______词的功能，在句子中可作________________________
不定式可作______________________________
现在分词表动作________和________可以作__________________，作状语包括_________状语、_________状语、_________状语、_________状语、_________状语、_________状语和_________状语等。
非谓语 ______能看出动作发生的时间
现在分词专项练习
1.（ ）Don’t waste your time on the games. This report needs .
A.finish B. finishing
C. to finish D. finished
2.（ ）On my way home I saw a dog on the ground．
A．lying B．lies C．lied D．to lie
3.（ ）When the basketball match began，we all felt ．
A．excited；exciting B．exciting；excited
C．excited，excited D．exciting；exciting
5.（ ）The ________ waiter came up to us and said，“You are welcome.”
A．smiling B．smiled
C．to smile D．smile
6.（ ）I saw some boy students ________ basketball when I passed the playground.
A．played B．plays
C．playing D．to play
7.（ ）Strictly ________， it isn’t worth the price you are asking.
A．to speak B．speaking
C．speak D．spoken
8.（ ）David's English teacher was ________ at the ________ results of the exams.
A． disappointing; disappointed B． disappointed; disappointing
C． more disappointing; more disappointed D． disappointed; disappointedly
9.（ ）I still remember ________ the Palace Museum and what I saw there.
A. to visit B. visit
C. visiting D. being visited
11.（ ）Who is the girl ________ to your English teacher
A. is talking B. talked
C. talking D. was talked
12.（ ）The boy ________ on the stage is my good friend.
A. dancing B. to dance
C. danced D. dance
13.（ ） The children were heard ________ that morning.
A．singing B．sing C．sung D．sang
14.（ ） I'm terribly sorry to have water ____ all the time after use. I forgot to turn it off.
A．to be running B．ran C．to run D．running
15.（ ）It is no use for her.
A. to wait B. waiting C. waits D. waited
16.（ ）I am looking forward to from you.
A.hearing B.hear
C. heard D.be hearing
17.（ ）In the years he studied harder.
A.follow B. followed
C.be followed D.following
18.（ ）The woman with the girl is our English teacher.
A. talk B. talked
C.talking D.to talk
19.（ ） at the picture, I can’t help thinking of my mum.
A. Looking B. To look
C.Look D.Looked
20.（ ）I heard a girl beside the room at that time.
A.cry B.to cry
C. crying D.cried
21.（ ）I stayed at home, and washing.
A.clean B. Cleaning
C. to clean D. cleaned
22.（ ）Don’t waste your time on the games. This report needs .
A. finish B. finishing
C.to finish D.finished
23.（ ）The young man a horse is my old brother．
A．is riding B．rides C．rode D．riding
24.（ ）I heard a girl in the room．I would like who is singing．
A．sings；know B．singing；to know
C．sang；knowing D．is singing；knew
25.（ ）—I tried to make Alice her mind but 1 found it difficult．
—Well，I saw you that when I went past．
A．changed；do B．changes；doing
C．change；to do D．change；doing
27.（ ）Laura was away in Paris for over a week. When she got home，there was a pile of mails ________ for her.
A．waited B．to wait
C．waiting D．was waiting
28.（ ） the news，she became more and more confident.
A．Hearing B．Heard
C．Hear D．To hear
29.（ ）________ at my classmates' faces, I read the same excitement in their eyes.
A. Looking B. Look
C. To look D. Looked
30.（ ）The lady walked around the shops, ________ an eye out for bargains.
A. keep B. kept
C. keeping D. to keep
31.（ ）This morning when I walked past the square ________， I found some old people ________ there.
A. to build; dance B. building; danced
C. being built; dancing D. having built; are dancing
32.（ ）It was strange that when Bob woke up he found himself ________ on the road side.
A. lie B. lying
C. being laid D. having lain
34.（ ） up late, he can’t get up early.
A.To stay B. Staying
C. Stay D. Stayed
35.（ ）She kept the car at the gate.
A. to wait B. waited
C. waiting D. being waited
36.（ ）I dropped the glass, it into pieces.
A. broke B. break
C. Breaking D. broken
37.（ ）It is no use him lots of money.
A.to lend B. lending
C. lent D.being lent
38.（ ）________ their hats into the air，the fans of the winning team let out loud shouts of victory.
A．To throw B．Thrown
C．Throwing D．Being thrown
39.（ ）________ which university to attend，the girl asked her teacher for advice.
A．Not knowing B．Knowing not
C．Not known D．Know not
40.（ ）________， delicious food was served that evening.
A．Having taken our seats B．Taking our seats
C．After we took our seats D．Being taken the seats
41.（ ）________ the good news，he jumped with joy.
A．Hearing B．Heard
C．Hear D．To hear
42.（ ）The boys and girls sat on the stone，________ their favorite song happily.
A．sung B．singing
C．sing D．to sing
43.（ ）Look! There is a young man ________ a dress over his trousers.
A． wears B． wearing
C． worn D． to wear
46.（ ）Hearing that he got the first prize, the good news, ________.
A. he jumped with joy B. happiness appeared on his face
C. his face turned pale D. his heart beat fast
47.（ ）I saw Tom ________ the house without ________ his umbrella.
A. leaving; taking B. leave; take
C. leaving; take D. leave; taking
拔高练习：
You can’t catch me!” Jane shouted, _________(run) away.
He won the competition three times in a row,__________( make) him very famous in our school.
She shouted out and _________(run) away.
She shouted out, ________(run) away.
When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, _________(tell) me stories till I fell asleep.
He sat on the platform, ____________(prepare) to answer the question.
____________(approach) the city center, we saw a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.
A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city, ____________（kill） all four people on board.
___________ (taste) wonderful, this kind of food enjoyed a good sale.
_____________(look) dirty, the classrooms needs ___________(clean)
_________(face) this, we can find a proper time to have a heart-to-heart talk with them, trying to remove the misunderstanding.
______________(compare) this with that, you will see which is better.
______________(wonder) how my mom could consume them so quickly, I began observing her daily routine for two weeks.
___________(be) short of money, they had to spend the night in a small hotel.
_____________________ (graduate) from the college, he went to a village and worked as a teacher there.
He rushed off, even_______________(forget) to take his overcoat.
改错：
Felt hungry, we built a fire by the lake and barbecued.
The man did as told and slept really well, wake up before the alarm went off.
“Excuse me,” she said, put her arm around the unhappy old woman.
We all enjoyed this precious day greatly, remember the time we spent together and the people we were familiar with.
You should greet your classmates when met them on campus.
Looking out of the window, and he found a lot of people in the street.
Although running fast, but he was still late for school.
While watching television, __________.
the doorbell rang
the doorbell rings
we heard the doorbell ring
we heard the doorbell ring
________ along the quiet road at forty miles an hour, and then an old man suddenly started to cross the road in front of me.
Driving
I was driving
Having driven
When I was driving
改写成分词作状语或者将分词短语改为相应的状语从句
After they had finished their homework, they went home.
Because he was ill, he couldn’t go to school.
Driving too fast, you will damage the car.（if）

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