资源简介

(共38张PPT)
七选五
中考专题
题型解读
在一段200词左右的短文中留出5个空白,要求考生从所给的7个选项中选出最佳选项，使补足后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。
大纲要求:
主要考查考生对文章的整体内容和结构以及上下文逻辑意义的理解和掌握。
考查重点:
设题特点:
主旨句（文章整体内容）
过渡句（文章结构）
细节注释句（上下文逻辑意义）
解题思路
名词有相关内容或重复
代词有明确指代对象
形容词感彩一致
动词时态一致顺序合理
连词作为标志，体现相应的的逻辑关系
相邻句与选项关键信息的对应
解题步骤
快速把握语篇主题和结构：主题看文章标题/首句/首段；结构看是否有小标题/段首是否有祈使句，总分(总)、分总。
分析选项：知其意；划出冠代连；注意句式特点（半句；祈使句；问句）
冠
a/an指首次提到, the指第2次提到
代
She,her说明前有女生单数或女性名字；they, them, their说明前有名词复数；one说明前有单数可数名词；ones复数名词；it单数名词/句子/形式主语；that不可数名词/句子；this单数名词/句子；these/those复数名词
连
转折；并列/递进；因果；解释；比较；对照；总结
转折关系
but, however, yet, while, though, instead, nevertheless...
并列/递进关系
also, besides, further, furthemore, moreover, what's more, in addition, as well, not only...but also...
因果关系
so, therefore, thus, hence, consequenty, as a result (of)...
解释关系
in other words, that is to say, in fact/as a matter of fact，actually, for example, for instance...
比较关系
similarly, like, likewise, in the same way, equally...
对照关系
on the contrary, by contrast, on the other hand...
总结关系
in short, in brief, in summary, generally speaking, in general, to conclude, in conclusion, in a word, on the whole, to sum up, so far, altogether, overall...
观察设空位置，标出设空处后一句的冠代连
段首:空格需要重视，考察文章结构或段落结构
文章结构——承上启下——过渡句
段落结构——段落大意——总括句
段中:空格数量多，考察直接，相邻句细节
段尾:空格少，考察
段落总结————总括句
补充细节
文章结构——承上启下——过渡句
先易后难做题，排除法减少干扰
We often have arguments in all relationships. But that is not always a bad thing. Sometimes we can choose to be in a win-win situation. What is important is how we manage the argument. 1 .
Treat each other with respect.
...
Listen to other people patiently.
4 .
In a word, we each should do our own part to deal with arguments. 5 .
Step1:主题+结构
总分总
Example 1
（2023·黑龙江大庆·统考中考真题）
如何处理争论
A．If your friend continues
B．Give in when it is necessary.
C．If you don’t want to talk about your friend
D．The following suggestions might help you.
E．Do not be too quick to judge what you hear.
F．The more you talk, the better the result will be.
G．In this way, we can achieve a win-win situation.
半句
祈使句
用于引出要给出的建议
Step2: 分析选项
半句
祈使句
什么结果呢？
进一步说明前文内容
We often have arguments in all relationships. But that is not always a bad thing. Sometimes we can choose to be in a win-win situation. What is important is how we manage the argument. 1 .
Treat each other with respect.
Listen to other people patiently.
第1题段末位置:总括句？补充细节？过渡句？
根据空前一句及下文的建议可知，此处应为承上启下
Step3: 观察设空位置
A．If your friend continues
B．Give in when it is necessary.
C．If you don’t want to talk about your friend
D．The following suggestions might help you.
E．Do not be too quick to judge what you hear.
F．The more you talk, the better the result will be.
G．In this way, we can achieve a win-win situation.
初步判断:D

Treat each other with respect.
If your friend calls your names or makes fun of you, tell him or her to stop. 2 , walk away and tell him or her you do not want to talk any more. Respect has to be won and if you want people to respect you, do the same to them.
第2题段中位置:相邻句细节
此处应为半句，或并列的祈使句
A．If your friend continues
B．Give in when it is necessary.
C．If you don’t want to talk about your friend
D．The following suggestions might help you.
E．Do not be too quick to judge what you hear.
F．The more you talk, the better the result will be.
G．In this way, we can achieve a win-win situation.

初步判断:A
A B C E
BE内容不符→AC

Listen to other people patiently.
When everyone is talking, who does the listening Listen to understand, not to reply. 3 Listening in silence is sometimes stronger than arguing in vain (徒劳无益).
第3题段中位置:相邻句细节
内容判断：和“聆听”相关
A．If your friend continues
B．Give in when it is necessary.
C．If you don’t want to talk about your friend
D．The following suggestions might help you.
E．Do not be too quick to judge what you hear.
F．The more you talk, the better the result will be.
G．In this way, we can achieve a win-win situation.

初步判断: E


A．If your friend continues
B．Give in when it is necessary.
C．If you don’t want to talk about your friend
D．The following suggestions might help you.
E．Do not be too quick to judge what you hear.
F．The more you talk, the better the result will be.
G．In this way, we can achieve a win-win situation.



4 .
If giving in to others can lead to a nice result, there is no need to argue just to win someone else. After all. solving an argument doesn’t have to be a tug-of-war (拔河).
In a word, we each should do our own part to deal with arguments. 5 .
第4题小标题位置: 段落大意
内容判断：与“让步”有关
初步判断: B
内容判断：前一句是总结概括的一句话
第5题段尾位置: 总括句？补充细节？
初步判断: G


...What is important is how we manage the argument. 1 .
Treat each other with respect.
If your friend calls your names or makes fun of you, tell him or her to stop.
2 , walk away and tell him or her you do not want to talk any more...
Listen to other people patiently.
When everyone is talking, who does the listening Listen to understand, not to reply. 3 Listening in silence is sometimes stronger than arguing in vain (徒劳无益).
4 .
If giving in to others can lead to a nice result, there is no need to argue just to win someone else. After all. solving an argument doesn’t have to be a tug-of-war (拔河).
In a word, we each should do our own part to deal with arguments. 5 .
D
A
E
B
G
Bamboo is a wonderful plant for many people around the world. 1 . People make tables, clothes, medicine, and musical instruments with it. Pandas may eat bamboo every day, but people can also eat it.
2 . Some bamboo grows so quickly that people say they can watch it grow. ...
One of the world’s oldest building materials is bamboo. ...
As a part of history, bamboo is very important. ...
Step1:主题+结构
Example 2
（2023·江西·统考中考真题）
介绍了竹子这种植物
总分
A．You can still visit it today.
B．There are over 1000 uses for it.
C．However, none worked very well.
D．Bamboo is light because it is empty inside.
E．It can also be found in other parts of the world.
F．Chinese people like drawing pictures of bamboo.
G．The fastest growing plant in the world is bamboo.
单数名词
用途；单数名词
重量轻
Step2: 分析选项
转折关系
单数名词;地方
画竹
生长速度
Bamboo is a wonderful plant for many people around the world. 1 People make tables, clothes, medicine, and musical instruments with it. Pandas may eat bamboo every day, but people can also eat it.
第1题段中位置:相邻句细节对应
内容判断：关于用途
Step3: 观察设空位置
初步判断: B
A．You can still visit it today.
B．There are over 1000 uses for it.
C．However, none worked very well.
D．Bamboo is light because it is empty inside.
E．It can also be found in other parts of the world.
F．Chinese people like drawing pictures of bamboo.
G．The fastest growing plant in the world is bamboo.

2 Some bamboo grows so quickly that people say they can watch it grow. The speed of growth depends on the type of bamboo, the earth and the season. Normal bamboo grows 3—10 cm a day. It usually grows in tropical (热带的) areas. 3 Bamboo plants are found in Asia, Australia, parts of Africa, and South America.
第2题段首位置:总括？承上启下？
内容判断：关于生长速度
初步判断: G
第3题段中位置:连接前后细节
内容判断：关于生长地区
初步判断: E
A．You can still visit it today.
B．There are over 1000 uses for it.
C．However, none worked very well.
D．Bamboo is light because it is empty inside.
E．It can also be found in other parts of the world.
F．Chinese people like drawing pictures of bamboo.
G．The fastest growing plant in the world is bamboo.



One of the world’s oldest building materials is bamboo. Like today, people use it because it’s very strong. They used it to build houses, boats, and bridges. The Chinese made a bamboo bridge over the Min River in Sichuan, China almost 1000 years ago. 4 Also, bamboo is still used to make houses today, especially in China and Philippines.
第4题段中位置:连接前后细节
内容判断：建筑材料；时间跨度；并列关系
初步判断: A
A．You can still visit it today.
B．There are over 1000 uses for it.
C．However, none worked very well.
D．Bamboo is light because it is empty inside.
E．It can also be found in other parts of the world.
F．Chinese people like drawing pictures of bamboo.
G．The fastest growing plant in the world is bamboo.




As a part of history, bamboo is very important. The great scientist Thomas Edison did not invent the light bulb (灯泡), but he made it perfect. He wanted the material inside to burn for a long period of time. He tried over 1000 different types of materials. 5 One day, he tried to use a piece of bamboo and the light bulb lit up for over a thousand hours. This invention helped other scientists to make the modern light bulb we use today.
第5题段中位置:连接前后细节
内容判断：历史故事；尝试了1000种材料
初步判断: C
A．You can still visit it today.
B．There are over 1000 uses for it.
C．However, none worked very well.
D．Bamboo is light because it is empty inside.
E．It can also be found in other parts of the world.
F．Chinese people like drawing pictures of bamboo.
G．The fastest growing plant in the world is bamboo.





Bamboo is a wonderful plant for many people around the world. 1 . People make tables, clothes, medicine, and musical instruments with it.
2 Some bamboo grows so quickly that people say they can watch it grow. .... It usually grows in tropical (热带的) areas. 3 Bamboo plants are found in Asia, Australia, parts of Africa, and South America.
One of the world’s oldest building materials is bamboo. ... The Chinese made a bamboo bridge over the Min River in Sichuan, China almost 1000 years ago. 4 Also, bamboo is still used to make houses today, especially in China and Philippines.
As a part of history, bamboo is very important. ... He tried over 1000 different types of materials. 5 One day, he tried to use a piece of bamboo and the light bulb lit up for over a thousand hours....
B
G
E
A
C
实战训练
Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year. 1 .
·Make a detailed（详细的）plan.
·Make it fun.
· 4 .
Tell a few friends about your goals so you’ll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven’t followed through.
·Give yourself more chances.
Step1:主题+结构
总分
Practice 1
（2023·山东枣庄·统考中考真题）
实现目标的建议
A．Make more friends.
B．Get a little help from your friends.
C．Maybe you’re going to take up a hobby like painting.
D．Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals.
E．After that, you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan.
F．But if you get fun from your exercise or study, you’ll keep longer.
G．All in all, you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan.
祈使句
祈使句
引出下文建议
Step2: 分析选项
动作先后；that指代什么？
转折关系
总结句
Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year. 1 .
·Make a detailed（详细的）plan.
If your New Year’s plan is to exercise five days each week, a plan like “I’ll exercise on weekdays” would not be clear. A detailed plan like “I’ll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break” would be better. 2 .
第1题段尾位置:总括句？补充细节？过渡句？
内容判断：引出下文建议
初步判断: D
第2题也是段尾位置
初步判断: G
A．Make more friends.
B．Get a little help from your friends.
C．Maybe you’re going to take up a hobby like painting.
D．Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals.
E．After that, you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan.
F．But if you get fun from your exercise or study, you’ll keep longer.
G．All in all, you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan.
内容判断：详细的计划


·Make it fun.
If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you won’t keep it easily. 3 . If you can only drink your favourite juice during study hours, you’ll look forward to studying.
· 4 .
Tell a few friends about your goals so you’ll feel a deep sense of shame if they check back later and find out you haven’t followed through.
第3题段中位置:连接前后细节
内容判断：要有乐趣才能坚持下去
初步判断: F
第4题小标题位置：段落大意
内容判断：告诉朋友
初步判断: B
A．Make more friends.
B．Get a little help from your friends.
C．Maybe you’re going to take up a hobby like painting.
D．Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals.
E．After that, you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan.
F．But if you get fun from your exercise or study, you’ll keep longer.
G．All in all, you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan.




·Give yourself more chances.
You planned to get to bed early every night, but one Friday you stayed up late. 5 But giving yourself one or two more chances can help you get better results.
第5题段中位置:相邻句细节对应
内容判断：与早睡计划有关
初步判断: E
A．Make more friends.
B．Get a little help from your friends.
C．Maybe you’re going to take up a hobby like painting.
D．Here is some advice that can help you keep your goals.
E．After that, you may want to give up the early-to-bed plan.
F．But if you get fun from your exercise or study, you’ll keep longer.
G．All in all, you should give all the facts or information about something in your plan.





Maybe you want to exercise more or start going to bed earlier in the coming year. 1 .
·Make a detailed（详细的）plan.
... A detailed plan like “I’ll exercise at school on weekdays during my lunch break” would be better. 2 .
·Make it fun.
If it’s not fun to exercise or study, you won’t keep it easily. 3 If you can only drink your favourite juice during study hours, you’ll look forward to studying.
· 4 .
Tell a few friends about your goals...
·Give yourself more chances.
You planned to get to bed early every night, but one Friday you stayed up late. 5 But giving yourself one or two more chances can help you get better results.
D
G
F
B
E
Silk, the word itself is beautiful. The story of silk started in China over 4,000 years ago. ...
2 In other countries, silk was valuable and not often seen. ...
By the year 1 A．D．, silk was sold as far west as Rome, and all along the Silk Road. ...
Nowadays people around the world still make many beautiful things from silk.
All of this is from a little insect—the silkworm. That is the miracle(神奇) of silk.
Step1:主题+结构
总分
Practice 2
（2022·江西·中考真题）
丝绸的故事
A．Actually it’s very strong.
B．Silk is also light and warm.
C．This was an important discovery.
D．The woman became famous and popular.
E．A princess started the silk trade between China and India.
F．Making silk was a protected secret in China for many years.
G．Around the year 300, silk also traveled from China to Japan.
名词单数
丝绸特征；并列关系
前文提到过woman
Step2: 分析选项
并列关系
this指代什么？
A．Actually it’s very strong.
B．Silk is also light and warm.
C．This was an important discovery.
D．The woman became famous and popular.
E．A princess started the silk trade between China and India.
F．Making silk was a protected secret in China for many years.
G．Around the year 300, silk also traveled from China to Japan.
Silk, the word itself is beautiful. The story of silk started in China over 4,000 years ago. It says a silkworm’s cocoon(蚕茧) fell into a woman’s teacup. It then opened into a single, unbroken thread (线). 1 . The Chinese learned they could use the cocoons to make cloth that was both beautiful to look at and soft to touch.
第一题段中位置:相邻句细节对应
内容判断：丝绸的发现
Step3: 观察设空位置
初步判断: F

2 In other countries, silk was valuable and not often seen. Often it was worth more than gold. It’s said that the secret finally got out when a princess left China to go to India. In her hair, she secretly carried many silkworms.
第二题段首位置:总括？承上启下？
内容判断：其他国家并不常见
初步判断: D
A．Actually it’s very strong.
B．Silk is also light and warm.
C．This was an important discovery.
D．The woman became famous and popular.
E．A princess started the silk trade between China and India.
F．Making silk was a protected secret in China for many years.
G．Around the year 300, silk also traveled from China to Japan.


By the year 1 A．D．, silk was sold as far west as Rome, and all along the Silk Road. 3 Centuries later, in 1522, the Spanish brought silkworms to Mexico.
第三题段中位置: 连接前后细节
内容判断：以时间顺序介绍丝绸的传播
初步判断: G
A．Actually it’s very strong.
B．Silk is also light and warm.
C．This was an important discovery.
D．The woman became famous and popular.
E．A princess started the silk trade between China and India.
F．Making silk was a protected secret in China for many years.
G．Around the year 300, silk also traveled from China to Japan.



Nowadays people around the world still make many beautiful things from silk. Silk isn’t only beautiful. It seems that it’s easy to break. 4 For example, it has been used to make bicycle tires(轮胎). And some doctors even use silk threads in the hospital. 5 This makes it great for clothes like winter jackets, pants, and shoes.
第4,5题段中位置:连接前后细节
内容判断：其实丝绸很坚韧
初步判断: A
内容判断：适合做衣服
初步判断: B
A．Actually it’s very strong.
B．Silk is also light and warm.
C．This was an important discovery.
D．The woman became famous and popular.
E．A princess started the silk trade between China and India.
F．Making silk was a protected secret in China for many years.
G．Around the year 300, silk also traveled from China to Japan.





Silk, the word itself is beautiful. The story of silk started in China over 4,000 years ago. It says a silkworm’s cocoon(蚕茧) fell into a woman’s teacup. It then opened into a single, unbroken thread (线). 1 The Chinese learned they could use the cocoons to make cloth that was both beautiful to look at and soft to touch.
2 In other countries, silk was valuable and not often seen. ...
By the year 1 A．D．, silk was sold as far west as Rome, and all along the Silk Road. 3 Centuries later, in 1522, the Spanish brought silkworms to Mexico.
Nowadays people around the world still make many beautiful things from silk. Silk isn’t only beautiful. It seems that it’s easy to break. 4 For example, it has been used to make bicycle tires(轮胎). And some doctors even use silk threads in the hospital. 5 This makes it great for clothes like winter jackets, pants, and shoes.
C
F
G
A
B
Summary
一核心：
相邻句与选项关键信息的对应
名词
代词
形容词
动词
连词
有相关内容或重复
有明确指代对象
感彩一致
时态一致顺序合理
体现相应的的逻辑关系
Summary
四步骤：
1. 快速把握语篇主题和结构
2. 分析选项：知其意；划出冠代连；注意句式特点（半句；祈使句；问句）
3. 观察设空位置，标出设空处后一句的冠代连
4. 先易后难做题，排除法减少干扰
Pracrice makes perfect.
Thank You!

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